Energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet

Abstract

The application relates to an energy dissipation structure for a pressure pipeline inlet, comprising water channels, the top of the water channels is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channels have a first water level and a second water level, the height of the first water level is higher than that of the second water level; the water channels comprise a first section, a second section and a third section which are sequentially communicated, the end of the third section is used for being communicated with the inlet of the pressure pipeline, the depth of the first section is smaller than that of the third section, the first section and the third section extend along the length direction of the water channels, the bottom plane of the first section is located between the first water level and the second water level; at least one water barrier is arranged on the bottom plane of the second section and extends along the width direction of the water channels; and at least one porous plate is arranged in at least one of the second section and the third section and extends along the width direction of the water channels, the porous plate assembly is configured to allow water flow from the first section to pass through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water conservancy technology, and in particular to an energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline. Background Technology

[0002] Water conveyance projects are crucial measures for human beings to regulate water resources and achieve the goals of maximizing water benefits and minimizing harm. As an important structural form of water conveyance projects, pressurized pipelines, such as pressurized tunnels, play a vital role. When water flows through pressurized pipelines, it is generally required that the flow be smooth and that air bubbles not enter the pressurized pipeline to avoid the accumulation and compression of air bubbles, which could adversely affect pipeline safety.

[0003] The inlet of a pressurized pipeline is one of the main sources of air bubbles. To prevent air bubbles from entering the pressurized pipeline with the water flow and to ensure its safe operation, a feasible approach is to increase the water depth at the inlet and fully dissipate the energy of the water flow by setting up a downward ramp section and a horizontal section connected to the ramp section, thereby reducing the probability of gas entering the pressurized pipeline. However, in practice, due to various factors such as geological conditions, land acquisition boundaries, cost-effectiveness, project progress, structural safety, and overall layout, the length of the ramp and horizontal sections is often insufficient due to space constraints. This results in an unstable flow pattern of the incoming water, which can induce gas to be drawn into the water and submerge into the pressurized water pipeline under the influence of the water flow field. This can negatively impact the operational safety of the pressurized water transmission system and is also detrimental to the stable operation of the pressurized pipeline. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides an energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, comprising: a water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, the height of the first water level being higher than the height of the second water level; the water channel comprising a first section, a second section, and a third section connected sequentially, the end of the third section being for communication with the inlet of the pressurized pipeline, the depth of the first section being less than the depth of the third section, the first section and the third section extending along the length direction of the water channel, a second section connecting the first section and the third section respectively, the bottom plane of the first section being located between the first water level and the second water level; at least one water-blocking sill, the water-blocking sill being disposed on the bottom plane of the second section and extending along the width direction of the water channel; and at least one perforated plate, the perforated plate being disposed in at least one of the second section and the third section and extending along the width direction of the water channel, the perforated plate assembly being configured to allow water flow from the first section to pass through.

[0005] In this application, the water channel is a stilling basin structure in the form of a "platform-slope-horizontal" configuration. Furthermore, the bottom plane of the first section is located between the first and second water levels. At this point, the energy dissipation structure also includes at least one water-blocking sill and at least one perforated plate. Thus, the water-blocking sill can create an energy-dissipating hydraulic jump in the incoming flow, dissipating energy in the fluid; the perforated plate can further dissipate energy and rectify and reduce waves in the incoming flow, thereby improving the inlet water flow conditions of the pressurized pipeline, reducing the probability of gas being entrained in the water and entering the pressurized pipeline due to the water flow field, and thus improving the stability of the pressurized pipeline operation.

[0006] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, comprising: a water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, the height of the first water level being higher than the height of the second water level; the water channel comprising a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence, the end of the third section being for communication with the inlet of the pressurized pipeline, the depth of the first section being less than the depth of the third section, the first section and the third section extending along the length direction of the water channel, a second section connecting the first section and the third section respectively, the bottom plane of the first section being lower than the second water level; and at least one perforated plate disposed in at least one of the second section and the third section and extending along the width direction of the water channel, the perforated plate being configured to allow water flow from the first section to pass through.

[0007] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application proposes an energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, comprising: a water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, the height of the first water level being higher than the height of the second water level; the water channel comprising a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence, the end of the third section being used to communicate with the inlet of the pressurized pipeline, the depth of the first section being less than the depth of the third section, the first section and the third section extending along the length direction of the water channel, the second section connecting the first section and the third section respectively, the bottom plane of the first section being higher than the first water level; and at least one water-blocking sill, the water-blocking sill being disposed on the bottom plane of the second section and extending along the width direction of the water channel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the energy dissipation structure includes a first water-blocking sill, the first water-blocking sill including a first plane adjacent to the first section;

[0009] The first plane is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second segment, and the horizontal plane where the intersection line of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second segment is located is at the same horizontal plane as the second water level.

[0010] In some embodiments, the energy dissipation structure further includes a second water-blocking sill, which is spaced apart from the first water-blocking sill on the side away from the first segment. The second water-blocking sill includes a second plane close to the side of the first water-blocking sill, and the angle between the second plane and the bottom plane of the second segment is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°.

[0011] In some embodiments, the intersection line of the bottom plane of the first segment and the bottom plane of the second segment has a first distance D1 with the intersection line of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second segment;

[0012] The second water-blocking sill also includes a third plane on the side away from the first water-blocking sill, and the intersection line of the third plane and the bottom plane of the second section has a second distance D2 with the intersection line of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second section.

[0013] Where D2 = (1 ~ 1.5)D1.

[0014] In some embodiments, the height of the second water-blocking sill is the same as the height of the first water-blocking sill.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second water-blocking sill is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first water-blocking sill.

[0016] In some embodiments, the energy dissipation structure includes a first perforated plate disposed in the second segment;

[0017] In the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the first perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level.

[0018] In some embodiments, the energy dissipation structure further includes a second perforated plate disposed in the third segment;

[0019] Along the length of the water channel, the second perforated plate is located in the middle of the third section;

[0020] In the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the second perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level.

[0021] In some embodiments, the bottom slope of the second segment is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the energy dissipation structure connected to the pressurized pipeline in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first section of the energy dissipation structure in an embodiment of this application, where the bottom plane is located between the first water level and the second water level.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perforated plate according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of one embodiment of the energy dissipation structure of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of another energy dissipation structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another cross-sectional structure of the energy dissipation structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point M;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point N;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first section of the energy dissipation structure in an embodiment of this application, where the bottom plane of the first section is lower than the second water level.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first section of the energy dissipation structure in an embodiment of this application, where the bottom plane is higher than the first water level. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0038] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides an energy dissipation structure 10 for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline 20. For example... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a water channel 100, at least one water-blocking sill 200, and at least one perforated plate 300. The top of the water channel 100 is at the same horizontal plane, and the water channel 100 has a first water level S1 and a second water level S2, with the height of the first water level S1 being higher than the height of the second water level S2. The water channel 100 includes a first section 110, a second section 120, and a third section 130 connected in sequence, with the end of the third section 130 connected to the inlet of a pressurized pipe 20. The depth of the first section 110 is less than the depth of the third section 130. The first section 110 and the third section 130 extend along the length direction of the water channel 100. The second section 120 connects the first section 110 and the third section 130 respectively, and the bottom plane of the first section 110 is located between the first water level S1 and the second water level S2. The water-blocking sill 200 is disposed on the bottom plane of the second section 120 and extends along the width direction of the water channel 100. A perforated plate 300 is disposed in at least one of the second section 120 and the third section 130 and extends along the width direction of the water channel 100. The perforated plate 300 is configured to allow water flow from the first section 110 to pass through.

[0039] In this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a water channel 100, at least one water-blocking sill 200, and at least one perforated plate 300. The water channel 100 refers to a passage or channel through which water flows. For example, the water channel 100 can be an open channel or open-flow tunnel constructed with concrete. The water channel 100 is located at the inlet of the pressurized pipeline 20, which refers to a passage subjected to internal or external pressure; for example, the pressurized pipeline 20 can be a pressurized tunnel. The water channel 100 has a first water level S1 and a second water level S2, with the height of the first water level S1 being higher than the height of the second water level S2. That is, depending on the operating conditions, the water channel 100 has a minimum operating water level S2 and a maximum operating water level S1.

[0040] The aqueduct 100 comprises a first section 110, a second section 120, and a third section 130. The depth of the first section 110 is less than the depth of the third section 130. Both the first section 110 and the third section 130 extend along the length of the aqueduct 100. The second section 120 connects both the first section 110 and the third section 130. In other words, the first section 110 receives the incoming flow and is a horizontal section. The second section 120 connects to the first section 110 and is a sloping section with gradually increasing depth. The third section 130 connects to the second section 120 and is a horizontal section. This forms a stilling basin structure in the form of a "platform-sloping-horizontal" configuration.

[0041] Furthermore, in this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is located between the first water level S1 and the second water level S2. At this time, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes at least one water-blocking sill 200 and at least one perforated plate 300. The water-blocking sill 200 refers to a sill-like structure that can obstruct or guide water flow; it can also be constructed using concrete. The water-blocking sill 200 is located on the bottom plane of the second section 120. Thus, when water flows through the second section 120, the water-blocking sill 200 can create an energy-dissipating hydraulic jump in the incoming flow, thereby improving the stability of the fluid after passing through the second section 120.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, a perforated plate 300 refers to a component with multiple through holes extending along its thickness on a plate plane. Optionally, the diameter of the through holes can be 0.5m to 1.0m, and the porosity of the perforated plate 300 is greater than or equal to 50%. The perforated plate 300 is disposed in at least one of the second section 120 and the third section 130. That is, when there is one perforated plate 300, it can be disposed alone in the second section 120 or alone in the third section 130; when there are multiple perforated plates 300, they can be disposed in both the second section 120 and the third section 130.

[0043] Furthermore, the perforated plate 300 allows water flow from the first section 110 to pass through. That is, in the depth direction of the water channel 10, both ends of the perforated plate 300 overlap with the horizontal planes where the first water level S1 and the second water level S2 are located. When water flows through the perforated plate 300, the plate can dissipate energy and rectify the flow, reducing the residual energy carried by the water flow, lowering the probability of eddies, and thus improving the stability of the water flow.

[0044] In this application, the water channel 100 is a stilling basin structure in the form of a "platform-slope-horizontal" configuration. Further, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is located between the first water level S1 and the second water level S2. At this point, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes at least one water-blocking sill 200 and at least one perforated plate 300. Thus, the water-blocking sill 200 can create an energy-dissipating hydraulic jump in the incoming flow, dissipating energy in the fluid; the perforated plate 300 can dissipate energy and rectify and reduce waves in the incoming flow, thereby improving the stability of the water flow at the third section 130 at the inlet edge of the pressurized pipeline 20, reducing the probability of gas being entrained in the water and entering the pressurized pipeline 20 due to the water flow field, and thus improving the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the drainage channel 100 can be rectangular. This improves the ease of constructing the drainage channel 100.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the widths of the first section 110, the second section 120, and the third section 130 are all equal, which helps to further improve the convenience of constructing the irrigation canal 100.

[0047] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second segment 120 is gradient-shaped, that is, the second segment 120 includes a first sub-segment 120a and a second sub-segment 120b. The width of the second sub-segment 120b is equal to the width of the third segment 130, while the width of the first sub-segment 120a gradually increases. Optionally, as... Figure 5 As shown, when viewed from above, one side of the first segment 120a gradually increases in angle α with the length direction of the water channel 100. This increases the water capacity of the water channel 100. In a specific embodiment, α can be less than 10°, for example, 5°, 7°, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom slope of the second section 120 is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 and less than or equal to 1 / 2. When the slope of the second section 120 meets the above range, on the one hand, it can ensure that the energy dissipation structure 10 has sufficient water depth, reducing the probability of gas entering the pressurized pipe 20. On the other hand, the length of the second section 120 will not be too long, which also helps to reduce the space occupied by the second section 120 and the construction difficulty.

[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first water-blocking sill 210, which includes a first plane 210a near the first section 110. The first plane 210a is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second section 120. The horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second section 120 is at the same level as the second water level S2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first water-blocking sill 210. The first water-blocking sill 210 has a first plane 210a, which is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second section 120. Thus, the first plane 210a can block the incoming flow, causing the incoming flow to form an energy-dissipating hydraulic jump in front of the first plane 210a, thereby reducing the energy of the incoming flow. Simultaneously, the incoming flow forms a uniform flow on the first water-blocking sill 210, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the water flow. In this embodiment, the horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second section 120 is at the same horizontal plane as the second water level S2. This not only ensures that the incoming flow can be blocked by the first water-blocking sill 210, but also minimizes the disturbance to the downstream water body after the water flow passes through the first water-blocking sill 210, which is beneficial to the stability of the water body in the third section 130 at the leading edge of the pressurized pipe 20.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes a second water-blocking sill 220. The second water-blocking sill 220 is spaced apart from the first water-blocking sill 210 on the side away from the first section 110. The second water-blocking sill 220 includes a second plane 220a close to the side of the first water-blocking sill 210. The angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°.

[0052] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes two water-blocking barriers 200, specifically, as shown in the example below. Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first water-blocking sill 210 and a second water-blocking sill 220. The first water-blocking sill 210 has a first plane 210a, which helps to improve the energy dissipation effect of the first water-blocking sill 210. The second water-blocking sill 220 is arranged at an interval from the first water-blocking sill 210. Furthermore, the second water-blocking sill 220 includes a second plane 220a on the side closer to the first water-blocking sill 210, and the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°. Thus, firstly, the water flow from the first water-blocking sill 210 can be blocked by the second plane 220a, which helps to further dissipate the energy of the fluid and improve the stability of the fluid. Secondly, the second plane 220a can also guide the fluid, so that the fluid rises after passing through the second plane 220a, and the gas can follow the fluid and rise more easily to achieve release, thereby reducing the probability of gas entering the pressurized pipeline 20, and thus helping to improve the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0053] It should be noted that the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°. For example, if the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane is 45°, the second plane 220a has a greater guiding effect on the fluid, thus facilitating the upward movement of the fluid. Alternatively, the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane can be 60°, 70°, etc., in which case the second plane 220a has a greater obstructive effect on the fluid, thus helping to reduce the fluid's energy. Those skilled in the art can set the angle according to actual needs.

[0054] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the intersection line of the bottom plane of the first segment 110 and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a first distance D1 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. The second water-blocking sill 220 also includes a third plane 220b on the side opposite to the first water-blocking sill 210. The intersection line of the third plane 220b and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a second distance D2 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. Wherein, D2 = (1~1.5)D1.

[0055] This embodiment illustrates the spacing between the first water-blocking sill 210 and the second water-blocking sill 220 on the bottom plane of the second segment 120. Specifically, the second water-blocking sill 220 includes a third plane 220b. The intersection line of the third plane 220b and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a second distance D2 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. The intersection line of the bottom plane of the first segment 110 and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a first distance D1 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. D2 = (1~1.5)D1. When the above relationships are satisfied, it can be ensured that the jetting water flow formed by the first water-blocking sill 210 will not directly cross the second water-blocking sill 220, so that the fluid passes through the energy dissipation effect of the two water-blocking sills, thereby improving the stability of the fluid.

[0056] It is easy to understand that this embodiment defines the distance between the second water-blocking sill 220 and the first water-blocking sill 210. In actual implementation, the location of the first water-blocking sill 210 can be determined first based on the condition that "the horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane 210a of the first water-blocking sill 210 and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 is at the same horizontal plane as the second water level S2". Then, the location of the second water-blocking sill 220 can be determined based on the aforementioned distance relationship. In this way, the specific locations of the two water-blocking sills can be determined.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the height of the second water-blocking sill 220 is the same as the height of the first water-blocking sill 210. This helps ensure that both water-blocking sills have a good energy dissipation effect.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second water-blocking sill 220 is symmetrically arranged with the first water-blocking sill 210. That is, the shape and structure of the second water-blocking sill 220 are the same as those of the first water-blocking sill 210, and the two also share an axis of symmetry. This arrangement helps to reduce the difficulty of constructing two water-blocking sills and lowers the layout cost.

[0059] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, along the depth direction of the water channel 100, the horizontal plane where the top of the first water-blocking sill 210 is located is at the middle of the horizontal plane where the bottom plane of the first section 110 and the second water level S2 are located. In this way, the first water-blocking sill 210 can be guaranteed to have a good hydraulic jump energy dissipation effect without significantly affecting the flow capacity of the water channel.

[0060] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, along the depth direction of the water channel 100, the horizontal plane where the top of the second water-blocking sill 220 is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom of the first water-blocking sill 210 is located. This helps to ensure the stability of fluid flow across the two water-blocking sills.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, along the depth direction of the water channel 100, the top of the first water-blocking sill 210 refers to the topmost point of the first water-blocking sill 210, and the bottom of the first water-blocking sill 210 refers to the bottommost point of the first water-blocking sill 210; the top of the second water-blocking sill 220 refers to the topmost point of the second water-blocking sill 220, and the bottom of the second water-blocking sill 220 refers to the bottommost point of the second water-blocking sill 220.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first water-blocking sill 210 and the second water-blocking sill 220 is triangular, that is, they are both triangular prisms. In this case, if the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 is greater than 45°, considering the structural stability of the second water-blocking sill 220, the third plane 220b is not perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second segment 120. Preferably, all three angles of the triangular cross-section of the second water-blocking sill 220 are acute angles greater than 45°.

[0063] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes a contraction sill 500. Along the width direction of the water channel 100, the contraction sill 500 is located at both ends of the first water-blocking sill 210 and connected to the sidewalls of the water channel 100. When the first water-blocking sill 210 forms a hydraulic jump, a negative pressure condition easily forms on its back side. By setting the contraction sill 500, air can be supplied to the back side of the first water-blocking sill 210, thereby improving the stability of the jet flow pattern formed by the first water-blocking sill 210. Optionally, the width of the contraction sill 500 along the width direction of the water channel 100 can be 0.2-0.5m, thus allowing air passage without excessive obstruction to the fluid.

[0064] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first perforated plate 310 disposed in the second section 120. In the depth direction of the water channel 100, the bottom of the first perforated plate 310 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation structure 10 further includes the first perforated plate 310, which is disposed in the second section 120. Furthermore, the bottom of the first perforated plate 310 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2. This ensures that a greater amount of fluid passes through the first perforated plate 310, thereby improving fluid stability and consequently improving the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0065] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the plane containing the second plane 220a of the second water-blocking sill 220 intersects the horizontal plane containing the second water level S2 by a first line 40°. Figure 2 (Since the first intersection line 400 is the intersection point, it is the cross section). In the direction from the first section 110 to the second section 120, the distance between the first perforated plate 310 and the first intersection line 400 is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5m. That is, the first perforated plate 310 can coincide with the first intersection line 400; or, the first perforated plate 310 can also be set on the side of the first intersection line 400 away from the first section 110, and the distance between it and the first intersection line 400 is less than or equal to 0.5m. This embodiment proposes the setting position of the first perforated plate 310 in the second section 120. When the setting position of the first perforated plate 310 meets the above conditions, it can be ensured that the fluid raised by the second plane 220a can enter the first perforated plate 310 for energy dissipation and rectification and wave reduction, thereby improving the stability of the water body at the third section 130 and reducing the possibility of bubble entrainment and submersion, which is conducive to improving the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0066] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes a second perforated plate 300 disposed in the third section 130. Along the length of the water channel 100, the second perforated plate 300 is located in the middle of the third section 130. Along the depth of the water channel 100, the bottom of the second perforated plate 300 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2. In this embodiment, the second perforated plate 300 can perform a second energy dissipation and wave reduction on the fluid, thereby further improving the stability of the water flow. Furthermore, since the bottom of the second perforated plate 300 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2 along the depth of the water channel 100, the energy dissipation and wave reduction effect of the second perforated plate 300 can be guaranteed regardless of changes in the water level of the water channel 100, thus improving the stability of the water flow on the side of the third section 130 near the inlet of the pressurized pipe 20.

[0067] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an energy dissipation structure 10 for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline 20. For example... Figure 9As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a water channel 100 and at least one perforated plate 300. The top of the water channel 100 is at the same horizontal plane, and the water channel 100 has a first water level S1 and a second water level S2, with the height of the first water level S1 being higher than the height of the second water level S2. The water channel 100 includes a first section 110, a second section 120, and a third section 130 connected in sequence. The end of the third section 130 is used to connect to the inlet of the pressurized pipe 20. The depth of the first section 110 is less than the depth of the third section 130. The first section 110 and the third section 130 extend along the length direction of the water channel 100. The second section 120 connects the first section 110 and the third section 130 respectively. The bottom plane of the first section 110 is lower than the second water level S2. A perforated plate 300 is disposed in at least one of the second section 120 and the third section 130 and extends along the width direction of the water channel 100. The perforated plate 300 is configured to allow water flow from the first section 110 to pass through.

[0068] The energy dissipation structure 10 of this application differs from the energy dissipation structure 10 described in the first aspect in that, in this application, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is lower than the second water level S2, that is, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is lower than the lowest operating water level of the water channel 100. At this time, since the water level is higher, it is not necessary to set up a water-blocking sill 200, but to directly set up a perforated plate 300 to dissipate energy and waves in the incoming flow, improve the stability of the water flow entering the pressurized pipe 20, reduce the probability of gas being drawn into the water and entering the pressurized pipe 20 due to the effect of the water flow field, and thus improve the operating stability of the pressurized pipe 20.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first perforated plate 310 disposed in the second section 120. In the depth direction of the water channel 100, the bottom of the first perforated plate 310 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2. This ensures good energy dissipation and wave reduction at different operating water levels, which is beneficial for improving the stability of the water flow at the third section 130 and the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 9As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes a second perforated plate 300 disposed in the third section 130. Along the length of the water channel 100, the second perforated plate 300 is located in the middle of the third section 130. In the depth direction of the water channel 100, the bottom of the second perforated plate 300 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2. In this embodiment, the second perforated plate 300 can perform a second energy dissipation and wave reduction on the fluid, which is beneficial for further improving the stability of the water body on the side of the third section 130 near the pressurized pipe 20. Furthermore, since the bottom of the second perforated plate 300 is at least 0.5m below the second water level S2 in the depth direction of the water channel 100, the second perforated plate 300 can maintain a good energy dissipation and wave reduction effect regardless of changes in the water level of the water channel 100, thus improving the operational stability of the energy dissipation structure 10.

[0071] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides an energy dissipation structure 10 for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline 20. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a water channel 100 and at least one water-blocking sill 200. The top of the water channel 100 is at the same horizontal plane, and the water channel 100 has a first water level S1 and a second water level S2, with the height of the first water level S1 being higher than the height of the second water level S2. The water channel 100 includes a first section 110, a second section 120, and a third section 130 connected in sequence. The end of the third section 130 is used to connect to the inlet of the pressurized pipe 20. The depth of the first section 110 is less than the depth of the third section 130. The first section 110 and the third section 130 extend along the length direction of the water channel 100. The second section 120 connects the first section 110 and the third section 130 respectively, and the bottom plane of the first section 110 is higher than the first water level S1. The water-blocking sill 200 is disposed on the bottom plane of the second section 120 and extends along the width direction of the water channel 100.

[0072] The energy dissipation structure 10 of this application differs from the energy dissipation structure 10 described in the first aspect in that, in this application, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is higher than the first water level S1, that is, the bottom plane of the first section 110 is higher than the highest operating water level of the water channel 100. At this time, because the water level is relatively low, it is not necessary to install the perforated plate 300; instead, the energy is dissipated directly by installing the water-blocking sill 200. This helps to improve the stability of the fluid entering the pressurized pipeline 20, reduces the probability of gas being entrained in the water and entering the pressurized pipeline 20 due to the water flow field, and thus helps to improve the operational stability of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0073] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes a first water-blocking sill 210. The first water-blocking sill 210 includes a first plane 210a near the first section 110, which is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second section 120. The horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second section 120 is at the same level as the second water level S2. In this way, the first plane 210a can block the incoming flow, causing the incoming flow to form an energy-dissipating hydraulic jump in front of the first plane 210a, thereby reducing the energy of the incoming flow. Simultaneously, the incoming flow forms a uniform flow on the first water-blocking sill 210, which helps to improve the stability of the water flow. In this embodiment, the horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second section 120 is at the same level as the second water level S2. In this way, not only can the incoming flow be blocked by the first water-blocking sill 210, but the disturbance of the water flow to the downstream water body after passing through the first water-blocking sill 210 can also be minimized, which is conducive to the stability of the water body in the third section 130 at the leading edge of the pressurized pipeline 20.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the energy dissipation structure 10 also includes a second water-blocking sill 220. The second water-blocking sill 220 is spaced apart from the first water-blocking sill 210 on the side away from the first section 110. The second water-blocking sill 220 includes a second plane 220a near the side of the first water-blocking sill 210, and the angle between the second plane 220a and the bottom plane is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°. In this embodiment, the energy dissipation structure 10 includes two water-blocking sills 200. In this way, firstly, the water flow from the first water-blocking sill 210 can be blocked by the second plane 220a, which is conducive to further dissipating energy in the fluid and improving the stability of the fluid. Secondly, the second plane 220a can also guide the fluid, so that the fluid rises after passing through the second plane 220a, and the gas can follow the fluid and rise more easily to achieve release, thereby reducing the probability of gas entering the pressurized pipeline 20, and thus improving the stability of the pressurized pipeline 20 operation.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10As shown, the intersection line of the bottom plane of the first segment 110 and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a first distance D1 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. The second water-blocking sill 220 also includes a third plane 220b on the side away from the first water-blocking sill 210. The intersection line of the third plane 220b and the bottom plane of the second segment 120 has a second distance D2 with the intersection line of the first plane 210a and the bottom plane of the second segment 120. Wherein, D2 = (1~1.5)D1. This embodiment illustrates the spacing distance between the first water-blocking sill 210 and the second water-blocking sill 220 on the bottom plane of the second segment 120. When the above relationship is satisfied, it can be ensured that the jetting water flow formed by the first water-blocking sill 210 will not directly cross the second water-blocking sill 220, so that the fluid passes through the energy dissipation effect of the two water-blocking sills, thereby improving the stability of the fluid.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the height of the second water-blocking sill 220 is the same as the height of the first water-blocking sill 210. This helps ensure that both water-blocking sills have a good energy dissipation effect.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second water-blocking sill 220 is symmetrically arranged with the first water-blocking sill 210. That is, the shape and structure of the second water-blocking sill 220 are the same as those of the first water-blocking sill 210, and the two also share an axis of symmetry. This arrangement helps to reduce the difficulty of constructing two water-blocking sills and lowers the layout cost.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, along the depth direction of the water channel 100, the horizontal plane where the top of the first water-blocking sill 210 is located is at the middle of the horizontal plane where the bottom plane of the first section 110 and the second water level S2 are located. In this way, the first water-blocking sill 210 can be guaranteed to have a good hydraulic jump energy dissipation effect without significantly affecting the flow capacity of the water channel.

[0079] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, along the depth direction of the water channel 100, the horizontal plane where the top of the second water-blocking sill 220 is located is lower than the horizontal plane where the bottom of the first water-blocking sill 210 is located. This helps to ensure the stability of fluid flow across the two water-blocking sills.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first water-blocking sill 210 and the second water-blocking sill 220 is triangular, that is, they are both triangular prisms.

[0081] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0082] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, characterized in that, include: A water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, wherein the height of the first water level is higher than the height of the second water level; The water passage includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence. The end of the third section is used to connect with the inlet of the pressurized pipe. The depth of the first section is less than the depth of the third section. The first section and the third section extend along the length of the water passage. The second section connects the first section and the third section respectively. The bottom plane of the first section is located between the first water level and the second water level. A first water-blocking sill, a second water-blocking sill, and a contraction sill are provided. The first and second water-blocking sills are both located on the bottom plane of the second section and extend along the width of the water channel. The first water-blocking sill includes a first plane near the first section, perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second section. The horizontal plane containing the intersection of the first and second planes is at the same level as the second water level. Along the width of the water channel, the contraction sill is located at both ends of the first water-blocking sill and connected to the sidewall of the water channel. The second water-blocking sills are spaced apart on the side of the first water-blocking sill facing away from the first section. The second water-blocking sill includes a second plane near the first water-blocking sill, and the angle between the second plane and the bottom plane of the second section is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°. At least one perforated plate is disposed in at least one of the second section and the third section and extends along the width direction of the water passage, the perforated plate assembly being configured to allow water flow from the first section to pass through.

2. An energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, characterized in that, include: A water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, wherein the height of the first water level is higher than the height of the second water level; The water passage includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connected sequentially. The end of the third section is connected to the inlet of the pressurized pipe. The depth of the first section is less than the depth of the third section. The first and third sections extend along the length of the water passage. A second section connects the first and third sections. The second section includes a first sub-segment and a second sub-segment. The width of the second sub-segment is equal to the width of the third section. The width of the first sub-segment gradually increases. The bottom plane of the first section is lower than the second water level. A first perforated plate and a second perforated plate are configured to allow water flow from the first section to pass through; in the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the first perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level; in the length direction of the water channel, the second perforated plate is located in the middle of the third section; in the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the second perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level.

3. An energy dissipation structure for the inlet of a pressurized pipeline, characterized in that, include: A water channel, the top of which is located at the same horizontal plane, the water channel having a first water level and a second water level, wherein the height of the first water level is higher than the height of the second water level; The water passage includes a first section, a second section, and a third section connected in sequence. The end of the third section is connected to the inlet of the pressurized pipe. The depth of the first section is less than the depth of the third section. The first section and the third section extend along the length of the water passage. The second section connects the first section and the third section respectively. The bottom plane of the first section is higher than the first water level. A first water-blocking sill, a second water-blocking sill, and a contraction sill are provided. The first water-blocking sill and the second water-blocking sill are both provided on the bottom plane of the second section and extend along the width direction of the water channel. The first water-blocking sill includes a first plane close to the first section, which is perpendicular to the bottom plane of the second section. The horizontal plane containing the intersection line of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second section is at the same horizontal plane as the second water level. Along the width direction of the water channel, the contraction sill is provided at both ends of the first water-blocking sill and connected to the side wall of the water channel. The second water-blocking sill is provided at intervals on the side of the first water-blocking sill away from the first section. The second water-blocking sill includes a second plane close to the side of the first water-blocking sill. The angle between the second plane and the bottom plane of the second section is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°.

4. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, Along the depth direction of the water channel, the horizontal plane where the top of the first water-blocking sill is located is at the middle of the bottom plane of the first section and the horizontal plane where the second water level is located.

5. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, Along the depth direction of the water channel, the horizontal plane at the top of the second water-blocking sill is lower than the horizontal plane at the bottom of the first water-blocking sill.

6. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The line of intersection of the bottom plane of the first segment and the bottom plane of the second segment has a first distance D1 from the line of intersection of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second segment; The second water-blocking sill also includes a third plane on the side away from the first water-blocking sill, and the intersection line of the third plane and the bottom plane of the second section has a second distance D2 with the intersection line of the first plane and the bottom plane of the second section. Where D2 = (1~1.5)D1.

7. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The height of the second water-blocking sill is the same as the height of the first water-blocking sill; And / or, the second water-blocking sill is symmetrically arranged with respect to the first water-blocking sill.

8. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy dissipation structure includes a first perforated plate disposed in the second section; In the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the first perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level.

9. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to claim 8, characterized in that, The energy dissipation structure also includes a second perforated plate disposed in the third section; Along the length of the water channel, the second perforated plate is located in the middle of the third section; In the depth direction of the water channel, the bottom of the second perforated plate is at least 0.5m below the second water level.

10. The energy dissipation structure for a pressurized pipeline inlet according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The bottom slope of the second section is greater than or equal to 1 / 4 and less than or equal to 1 / 2.

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