Tunnel emergency drainage device and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a tunnel emergency drainage device and system, comprising: an inlet structure for introducing sewage from the tunnel into a mixing structure; an ignition device for generating and releasing high-temperature gas; a chemical generator for reacting with the high-temperature gas released by the ignition device to generate high-temperature gas, which is then sprayed at high speed onto the mixing structure; a mixing structure for heating and vaporizing the sewage flowing into the mixing structure by the high-temperature gas sprayed onto the mixing structure, and for utilizing the high-temperature gas and sewage to exchange velocity within the mixing structure; and a drainage structure connected to the end of the mixing structure for outputting the water-gas mixed two-phase flow after the velocity exchange. Driven by the chemical generator, the high-temperature gas is generated by igniting a solid propellant or liquid agent through the ignition device. This chemical generator is compact and has a high power density, avoiding drive failure caused by flooding, power loss, or obstructed ventilation. It offers stable performance and ensures effective drainage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular, to a tunnel emergency drainage device and system. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of small-scale tunneling or pipe jacking machinery, due to space constraints, the installation of conventional drainage methods (blade-type hydraulic machinery) is limited and cannot be close enough to the excavation face to ensure suction head. In emergency situations such as water inrush, their drive and control will be affected or even stop working. Even if a well-protected submersible pump is used, it may not be able to start in time due to a sudden water inrush, which may damage the power distribution cabinet and prevent it from starting normally. Increasing the level of protection significantly will cause the cost to increase exponentially, and its layout will be even more restricted due to the small diameter of the tunnel excavation.

[0003] In existing technologies, commonly used tunnel emergency drainage systems typically employ centrifugal pumps or volumetric pumps, supplemented by emergency power supply or liquid (pressure) supply and control systems. After implementing waterproofing measures, these serve as emergency drainage devices. However, in the fields of micro-excavation or pipe jacking construction, due to limited space and cost constraints, conventional methods cannot adequately meet the emergency drainage needs of these areas.

[0004] In existing technologies, placing the drainage pump outside the tunnel can eliminate the limitation of the finite excavation diameter, but its suction lift will be greatly limited, and the suction pipeline must be filled with water before starting the pump, resulting in a poor overall response speed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a tunnel emergency drainage device and system to solve the technical problems of conventional drainage methods being severely limited by space and having poor response speed during the construction of small and micro tunneling or pipe jacking machinery.

[0006] A tunnel emergency drainage device, comprising:

[0007] An ignition device for generating and releasing the first high-temperature gas;

[0008] A chemical generating device is used to react with a first high-temperature gas released by an ignition device to produce a second high-temperature gas, which is then sprayed at high speed toward the mixing structure.

[0009] The mixing structure is used to heat and vaporize the sewage flowing into the mixing structure by a second high-temperature gas sprayed into the mixing structure, and to utilize the second high-temperature gas to exchange velocity with the sewage within the mixing structure.

[0010] Inlet structure, used to introduce sewage from the tunnel into the mixing structure;

[0011] The drainage structure, connected to the end of the mixing structure, is used to output a water-air mixed two-phase flow that has completed velocity exchange.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a convergence structure, which is connected to the water inlet structure and the mixing structure respectively. It is used to allow the second high-temperature gas ejected from the chemical generator to converge, expand and accelerate through the convergence structure to the mixing structure, and also to allow sewage to converge, expand and accelerate through the convergence structure to the mixing structure.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the water inlet structure includes a first water inlet pipe for connecting with a water suction pipe in the tunnel, and the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a jet suction chamber. The jet suction chamber is connected to the first water inlet pipe and the converging structure respectively. The jet suction chamber is disposed on one side of the converging structure to reduce the pressure of the sewage in the jet suction chamber and to allow the sewage flowing out of the jet suction chamber to absorb heat and vaporize.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a cooling structure, which is used to guide the sewage entering through the first inlet pipe through the outer wall of the chemical generator and the outer wall of the mixing chamber to cool down the chemical generator and the mixing chamber respectively, while preheating the sewage entering the jet suction chamber.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the end of the first water inlet pipe is located on the outer wall of the inlet end of the chemical generating device. The cooling structure includes a first cooling spiral tube formed outside the chemical generating device and a second cooling spiral tube formed outside the mixing structure. The inlet end of the first cooling spiral tube is connected to the end of the first water inlet pipe. The outlet end of the first cooling spiral tube extends through a pipe to the inlet end of the second cooling spiral tube. The inlet end of the second cooling spiral tube is located outside the outlet end of the mixing structure. The outlet end of the second cooling spiral tube is connected to the jet suction chamber.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the water inlet structure also includes a second water inlet pipe, the inlet end of which is set at a preset liquid level height, and the outlet end of which is connected to the convergence structure; the outlet end of the second water inlet pipe is connected to a plug-type spray pipe to accelerate the convergence and expansion of the sewage in the second water inlet pipe.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the chemical generating device is an annular chemical gas generator. The outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator is circumferentially surrounding the inlet end of the plug nozzle. The outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator is provided with a nozzle for causing the second high-temperature gas generated by the annular chemical gas generator to converge, expand, and then be ejected. The outlet end of the nozzle is set at a preset angle toward the outer wall of the plug nozzle.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution,

[0019] The ignition device is an electronically controlled igniter.

[0020] Alternatively, the ignition device includes an ignition water inlet pipe connected to the inlet end of the chemical generating device, a first one-way valve disposed on the ignition water inlet pipe, and a chemical igniter disposed on the outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe, wherein the outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe is connected to the inlet end of the chemical generating device, and the inlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe is located at a preset liquid level height.

[0021] On the other hand, a tunnel emergency drainage system is also provided, which applies any of the tunnel emergency drainage devices described above.

[0022] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the tunnel emergency drainage system also includes an auxiliary jet pump and an external drainage pump. The auxiliary jet pump is connected in parallel with the tunnel emergency drainage device, and the external drainage pump is located outside the tunnel.

[0023] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0024] This invention has the following beneficial effects: It is understood that in emergency situations such as water inrush during small-scale tunneling or pipe jacking machinery construction, this tunnel emergency drainage device uses an ignition device as a starting source. The first high-temperature gas released by the ignition device ignites the solid or liquid reagent in the chemical generator, thereby generating a large amount of second high-temperature gas. The second high-temperature gas expands within the chemical generator and is ejected towards the mixing structure, reaching a preset flow velocity to form a supersonic jet. This causes sewage in the water inlet structure connected to the mixing structure to be entrained and drawn into the mixing structure by the supersonic jet generated by the second high-temperature gas. Simultaneously, the inhaled sewage comes into contact with the second high-temperature gas, absorbs heat, and vaporizes. Within the mixing structure, the sewage and the second high-temperature gas produce… The generated supersonic jet further exchanges velocity and simultaneously absorbs heat to vaporize, forming a water-gas mixture with a certain volume ratio. This mixture is then output to the tunnel's main drainage pipe through a drainage structure. This tunnel drainage device has high power density and small size, making it more suitable for placement near the excavation face in small-scale shield tunneling or pipe jacking operations compared to traditional hydraulic machinery. This ensures drainage capacity and reduces suction head. It is driven by a chemical generator, which ignites solid or liquid propellant to produce a second high-temperature gas. It has a fast response speed, is also compact, and has high power density. This avoids drive failure caused by flooding, power loss, or obstructed ventilation. Its stable performance ensures effective drainage.

[0025] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along direction A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along direction B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a simplified structural diagram of a tunnel emergency drainage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] 1. First water inlet pipe; 2. Ignition water inlet pipe; 21. First one-way valve; 22. Chemical igniter; 3. First cooling spiral pipe; 4. Annular chemical gas generator; 5. Nozzle; 6. Plug nozzle; 7. Jet suction chamber; 8. Converging structure; 9. Second cooling spiral pipe; 10. Mixing structure; 11. Diffusion structure; 12. Drainage structure; 13. Suction pipe; 14. Second water inlet pipe; 15. Main drain pipe; 16. Auxiliary jet pump; 17. Auxiliary drain pipe; 18. Tunnel drain pipe; 19. Auxiliary jet water inlet pipe; 20. External tunnel drainage pump; 21. Electro-proportional overflow valve; 22. External tunnel drainage pipe; 23. Second one-way valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 3 A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a tunnel emergency drainage device, comprising:

[0034] An ignition device for generating and releasing the first high-temperature gas;

[0035] A chemical generating device, which contains a fixed propellant column or liquid agent, is used to react with the first high-temperature gas released by the ignition device to generate a second high-temperature gas, which is then sprayed at high speed toward the mixing structure 10.

[0036] The mixing structure 10 is a tubular mixing chamber used to heat and vaporize the sewage flowing into the mixing structure 10 by a second high-temperature gas sprayed into the mixing structure 10, and to facilitate velocity exchange between the second high-temperature gas and the sewage within the mixing structure 10.

[0037] A water intake structure is used to introduce sewage from the tunnel into the mixing structure 10;

[0038] The drainage structure 12 is connected to the end of the mixing structure 10 and is used to output the water-air mixed two-phase flow that has completed velocity exchange.

[0039] The water inlet structure includes a first water inlet pipe 1 and a second water inlet pipe 14. The first water inlet pipe 1 is used to connect with the water suction pipe 13 in the tunnel. The inlet end of the second water inlet pipe 14 is set at a preset liquid level height. That is, when water flows into the tunnel, the second water inlet pipe 14 is used to allow sewage outside the water suction pipe 13 that is higher than the preset liquid level height to pass through.

[0040] It should be understood that the outlet end of the drainage structure 12 is used to connect to the main drainage pipe 15 of the tunnel to discharge sewage outside the tunnel;

[0041] Understandably, in the event of an emergency such as water inrush during small-scale tunneling or pipe jacking machinery construction, this tunnel emergency drainage device utilizes an ignition device as a starting source. The high-temperature gas released by the ignition device ignites the solid or liquid propellant in the chemical generator, thereby generating a large amount of secondary high-temperature gas. This secondary high-temperature gas expands within the chemical generator and is ejected towards the mixing structure 10, reaching a preset flow velocity to form a supersonic jet. This causes the sewage in the water inlet structure connected to the mixing structure 10 to be entrained and drawn into the mixing structure 10 by the supersonic jet generated by the secondary high-temperature gas. Simultaneously, the drawn-in sewage comes into contact with the secondary high-temperature gas, absorbs heat, and vaporizes. Within the mixing structure 10, the sewage and the secondary high-temperature gas generate… The supersonic jet further exchanges velocity and simultaneously absorbs heat and vaporizes, forming a water-gas mixture with a certain volume ratio. This mixture is then output to the main drainage pipe 15 of the tunnel through the drainage structure 12. This tunnel drainage device has high power density and small size. Compared with traditional hydraulic machinery, it is more suitable for placement near the excavation face in small and micro shield tunneling or pipe jacking operations, ensuring drainage capacity and reducing suction head. It is driven by a chemical generator, which ignites solid propellant or liquid agent to generate a second high-temperature gas through an ignition device. This gas is also small in size and has high power density, which can avoid drive failure caused by flooding, power loss, or ventilation obstruction. It has stable working performance and ensures drainage effect.

[0042] It should be noted that the sewage in the mixed structure 10 and the supersonic jet generated by the second high-temperature gas further exchange velocity and simultaneously absorb heat to vaporize a portion of it. Each has a certain volume fraction, which is more conducive to transportation. The specific volume fraction ratio should be determined according to the specific working conditions and design calculations. The main reference indicators are the horizontal distance and elevation of the drainage section. The higher the elevation, the higher the static pressure recovery coefficient required, and the lower the volume fraction ratio of the gas in the two-phase flow needs to be.

[0043] Understandably, a diffusion structure 11 is provided at the end of the mixing structure 10. The diameter of the diffusion structure 11 gradually increases from the inside to the outside of the end of the mixing structure 10, so as to decelerate and pressurize the water-gas mixed two-phase flow flowing out of the mixing structure 10, so as to restore the static pressure and discharge the two-phase flow at a certain pressure.

[0044] In this embodiment, the ignition device includes an ignition water inlet pipe 2 connected to the inlet end of the chemical generator, a first one-way valve 21 disposed on the ignition water inlet pipe 2, and a chemical igniter 22 disposed on the outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe 2. The outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe 2 is connected to the inlet end of the chemical generator. The inlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe 2, which is located at the lowest point, is at a preset liquid level height. When water surges, the water level exceeds the liquid level height of the ignition water inlet pipe 2. After entering through the ignition water inlet pipe 2, the water flows into the chemical igniter 22 through the first one-way valve 21. The water reacts with the chemical agent built into the chemical igniter 22 to generate high heat and release gas, which pushes back the one-way valve and enters the chemical generator to ignite its solid propellant column. That is, water immersion is used as the automatic start source, which makes the operation more stable and the response speed faster. When water surges, drainage can begin immediately without waiting to fill the pump suction pipe 13.

[0045] In some embodiments, the ignition device may also be an electronically controlled igniter located at the inlet end of the chemical generating device, which is automatically activated by electronic control when water flows in.

[0046] In this embodiment, the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a convergence structure 8, which is connected to the water inlet structure and the mixing structure 10 respectively. It is used to allow the second high-temperature gas ejected from the chemical generator to converge and expand through the convergence structure 8 and accelerate through to the mixing structure 10. It is also used to allow sewage to converge and expand through the convergence structure 8 and accelerate through to the mixing structure 10.

[0047] In this embodiment, the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a jet suction chamber 7, which is connected to the first water inlet pipe 1 and the convergence structure 8. The jet suction chamber 7 is disposed on one side of the convergence structure 8 to reduce the pressure of the sewage in the jet suction chamber 7 and to allow the sewage flowing out of the jet suction chamber 7 to absorb heat and vaporize.

[0048] In this embodiment, the outlet end of the second inlet pipe 14 is connected to the convergence structure 8; the outlet end of the second inlet pipe 14 is connected to a plug nozzle 6 to accelerate the convergence and expansion of sewage in the second inlet pipe 14. By setting the plug nozzle 6, the equivalent diameter of the jet suction chamber 7 and the convergence structure 8 can be increased, and a larger allowable particle size can be obtained compared with the traditional jet pump.

[0049] In this embodiment, the chemical generating device is an annular chemical gas generator 4, preferably using solid propellant. The solid propellant is evenly distributed circumferentially within the annular chemical gas generator 4. It can be understood that power output control is achieved by designing the change in the surface area of ​​the propellant during combustion. Using a chemical gas generator, it can operate underwater without any additional protective design, exhibiting strong operational stability and achieving structural simplification. Each outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator 4 is circumferentially surrounding the inlet end of the plug nozzle 6. A primary nozzle 5 is provided at the outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator 4 to cause the second high-temperature gas generated by the annular chemical gas generator 4 to converge, expand, and then be ejected. The outlet end of the nozzle 5 is set at a preset angle toward the outer wall of the plug nozzle 6. It should be noted that the pipe of each propellant is connected to an ignition water inlet pipe 2, the inlet end of the pipe of each propellant is provided with a chemical igniter 22, and the outlet end of the pipe of each propellant is provided with a primary nozzle 5.

[0050] In this embodiment, the tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a cooling structure. The cooling structure is used to guide the sewage entering from the first inlet pipe 1 through the outer wall of the chemical generator and the outer wall of the mixing chamber to cool down the chemical generator and the mixing chamber respectively, while preheating the sewage entering the jet suction chamber 7. The sewage is drawn through the cooling structure to prevent the main high-heat area structure from failing, and at the same time, it can preheat the sewage, thereby further improving the overall efficiency of the tunnel drainage emergency device.

[0051] Specifically, the end of the first water inlet pipe 1 is located on the outer wall of the inlet end of the chemical generating device. The cooling structure includes a first cooling spiral pipe 3 surrounding the chemical generating device and a second cooling spiral pipe 9 surrounding the mixing structure 10. The inlet end of the first cooling spiral pipe 3 is connected to the end of the first water inlet pipe 1. The outlet end of the first cooling spiral pipe 3 extends through a pipe to the inlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe 9. The inlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe 9 is located outside the outlet end of the mixing structure 10. The outlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe 9 is connected to the jet suction chamber 7. The structure is compact.

[0052] On the other hand, reference Figure 4 This embodiment also provides a tunnel emergency drainage system, which uses the above-mentioned tunnel emergency drainage device;

[0053] Specifically, this tunnel emergency drainage system also includes an auxiliary jet pump 16 and an external drainage pump. The suction pipe 13 in the tunnel is connected to both the inlet end of the auxiliary jet pump 16 and the inlet end of the tunnel emergency drainage device, meaning the auxiliary jet pump 16 and the tunnel emergency drainage device are connected in parallel. The external drainage pump is located outside the tunnel. The outlet end of the tunnel emergency drainage device is connected to the tunnel drainage pipe 18 via the main drainage pipe 15. The outlet end of the auxiliary jet pump 16 is connected to the tunnel drainage pipe 18 via the auxiliary drainage pipe 17, and the auxiliary drainage pipe 17 is equipped with a second check valve 23. The tunnel drainage pipe 18 is connected to the external tunnel drainage pipe 22. The tunnel drainage pipe 18 or the external tunnel drainage pipe 22 is equipped with... An external drainage pump 20 is installed outside the tunnel. This pump is a vane-type pump. An auxiliary jet inlet pipe 19 is connected to the inlet of an auxiliary jet pump 16 on the pipeline from the tunnel drainage pipe 18 to the external drainage pipe 22, downstream of the external drainage pump 20. An electro-proportional overflow valve 21 is installed on the auxiliary jet inlet pipe 19 to set the overflow pressure. By placing a traditional vane-type drainage pump outside the tunnel and connecting a regular water jet pump in parallel with the tunnel emergency drainage device as a continuously operating auxiliary machine, the required operating time of the chemical generator can be reduced, lowering costs and maintaining a fast response time. The structure of this tunnel emergency drainage system allows for the passage of large particles, effectively discharging wastewater containing slag and other debris without concern for malfunctions such as vane damage or volumetric seal failure.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The tunnel emergency drainage system of this embodiment uses the tunnel emergency drainage system of the preferred embodiment. When the water level in the tunnel overflows the ignition inlet pipe 2, it enters the chemical igniter 22 through the first one-way valve 21. The chemical agent inside the chemical igniter 22 reacts with the water to generate high heat and release gas, thereby pushing back the one-way valve to close and entering the annular chemical gas generator 4 to ignite its solid propellant column. The second high-temperature gas generated by the combustion of the solid propellant column will expand to about 10 MPa in the chemical generator and then be ejected, reaching a flow rate of about 1.3 Ma. At this time, the pressure drops to about 1 MPa, and then it is further adiabatically expanded through the plug nozzle 6, and the flow rate can reach 4 Ma. The generated high-temperature supersonic jet, based on the Venturi effect, causes the pressure in the jet suction chamber 7 on the converging structure 8 to drop to about -0.8 bar, thereby causing the sewage in the first inlet pipe 1 to be preheated by the first cooling spiral pipe 3 and the second cooling spiral pipe 9 and then sucked into the jet suction chamber 7. Water absorbs heat and vaporizes in the jet suction chamber 7 and the convergence structure 8, while being carried into the mixing structure 10 by the supersonic jet. Due to its large flow rate, the sewage cannot be completely vaporized. In the mixing structure 10, the sewage will further exchange velocity with the high-temperature supersonic jet, while partially absorbing heat and vaporizing. After completing the velocity exchange, the water-gas mixed two-phase flow enters the diffusion structure 11, where it is decelerated and pressurized to restore static pressure. The two-phase flow is then transported under a certain pressure through the main drainage pipe 15 and the tunnel drainage pipe 18 to the external tunnel drainage pump 20. After the external tunnel drainage pump 20 is completely submerged, it is started. By setting the overflow pressure, a portion of the repressurized sewage returns to the auxiliary jet pump 16 through the auxiliary jet inlet pipe 19, generating a liquid-liquid jet for auxiliary drainage. After the working time of the annular chemical gas generator 4 ends, the external tunnel drainage pump 20 and the auxiliary jet pump 16 serve as the main drainage means for further drainage operations.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel emergency drainage device, characterized in that, include: An ignition device for generating and releasing the first high-temperature gas; The ignition device is an electronically controlled igniter, or the ignition device includes an ignition water inlet pipe (2) connected to the inlet end of the chemical generating device, a first one-way valve (21) disposed in the ignition water inlet pipe (2), and a chemical igniter (22) disposed in the outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe (2). The outlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe (2) is connected to the inlet end of the chemical generating device, and the inlet end of the ignition water inlet pipe (2) is located at a preset liquid level height. A chemical generating device is used to react with the first high-temperature gas released by the ignition device to generate a second high-temperature gas and spray it at high speed toward the mixing structure (10); The mixing structure (10) is used to heat and vaporize the sewage flowing into the mixing structure (10) by a second high-temperature gas sprayed into the mixing structure (10), and to use the second high-temperature gas to exchange velocity with the sewage in the mixing structure (10). A water inlet structure for introducing sewage from the tunnel into a mixing structure (10) includes a first water inlet pipe (1) for communicating with a suction pipe (13) in the tunnel; The drainage structure (12) is connected to the end of the mixing structure (10) and is used to output the water-air mixed two-phase flow that has completed velocity exchange; The converging structure (8) is connected to the water inlet structure and the mixing structure (10) respectively, and is used to allow the second high-temperature gas ejected from the chemical generator to pass through the mixing structure (10) through the converging expansion of the converging structure (8) and to allow the sewage to pass through the mixing structure (10) through the converging expansion of the converging structure (8). The jet suction chamber (7) is connected to the first water inlet pipe (1) and the converging structure (8). The jet suction chamber (7) is located on one side of the converging structure (8) to reduce the pressure of the sewage in the jet suction chamber (7) and to allow the sewage flowing out of the jet suction chamber (7) to absorb heat and vaporize. The water inlet structure also includes a second water inlet pipe (14), the inlet end of the second water inlet pipe (14) is set at a preset liquid level height, and the outlet end of the second water inlet pipe (14) is connected to the convergence structure (8); the outlet end of the second water inlet pipe (14) is connected to a plug-type nozzle (6) to accelerate the convergence and expansion of sewage in the second water inlet pipe (14). The chemical generating device is an annular chemical gas generator (4). The outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator (4) is circumferentially surrounding the inlet end of the plug nozzle (6). The outlet end of the annular chemical gas generator (4) is provided with a nozzle (5) for causing the second high-temperature gas generated by the annular chemical gas generator (4) to converge, expand, and then be ejected. The outlet end of the nozzle (5) is set at a preset angle toward the outer wall of the plug nozzle (6).

2. The tunnel emergency drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel emergency drainage device also includes a cooling structure, which is used to guide the sewage entering through the first inlet pipe (1) through the outer wall of the chemical generator and the outer wall of the mixing chamber to cool the chemical generator and the mixing chamber respectively, while preheating the sewage entering the jet suction chamber (7).

3. The tunnel emergency drainage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the first water inlet pipe (1) is located on the outer wall of the inlet end of the chemical generating device. The cooling structure includes a first cooling spiral pipe (3) formed outside the chemical generating device and a second cooling spiral pipe (9) formed outside the mixing structure (10). The inlet end of the first cooling spiral pipe (3) is connected to the end of the first water inlet pipe (1). The outlet end of the first cooling spiral pipe (3) extends through a pipe to the inlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe (9). The inlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe (9) is located outside the outlet end of the mixing structure (10). The outlet end of the second cooling spiral pipe (9) is connected to the jet suction chamber (7).

4. A tunnel emergency drainage system, characterized in that, The application includes the tunnel emergency drainage device according to any one of claims 1-3. The tunnel emergency drainage system further includes an auxiliary jet pump (16) and an external drainage pump (20). The auxiliary jet pump (16) is connected in parallel with the tunnel emergency drainage device. The external drainage pump is located outside the tunnel. The tunnel emergency drainage device delivers two-phase flow at a certain pressure through the main drainage pipe (15) and the tunnel drainage pipe (18) to the external drainage pump (20). After the external drainage pump (20) is completely filled, the tunnel external drainage pump (20) is started. By setting the overflow pressure, a portion of the repressurized sewage returns to the auxiliary jet pump (16) through the auxiliary jet inlet pipe (19) to generate a liquid-liquid jet for auxiliary drainage. When the working time of the annular chemical gas generator (4) ends, the external drainage pump (20) and the auxiliary jet pump (16) are used as the main drainage means for drainage operations.

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