Method and apparatus for satellite joint observation mapping of temperature versus log pressure

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of geophysics, and more particularly relates to a method and device for drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure map by satellite joint observation, the method comprising: determining the position and altitude information of an image to be drawn, and converting the altitude into a ground pressure value; obtaining atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of a polar orbiting meteorological satellite and a geostationary meteorological satellite respectively, and matching satellite orbit scanning points on the position of the image to be drawn; extracting vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity of the satellite orbit scanning points at the altitude according to the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure map. The joint observation of the polar orbiting meteorological satellite and the geostationary meteorological satellite provides observation data with higher spatial coverage and time frequency, and the drawn temperature-logarithmic pressure map can serve as an effective supplement to conventional observation and play an important role in meteorological services.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of geophysics, and more specifically, relates to a method and apparatus for generating logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using joint satellite observations. Background Technology

[0002] Temperature-logarithmic pressure (T-lnP) maps can visually reflect the vertical structure of the atmosphere and effectively determine atmospheric stability conditions, and are widely used in weather analysis and forecasting. However, the temperature-logarithmic pressure maps currently used in meteorological operations... Figure 1 Generally, observations are based on meteorological radiosonde stations. However, regular observation times are fixed times each day, and there is a lack of intensive observations. In addition, the number of radiosonde stations is small, which often cannot meet the needs of meteorological operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method and equipment for plotting logarithmic temperature pressure maps using satellite joint observations. It can serve as an effective supplement to routine observations and play an important role in meteorological operations. This solves the technical problems of low observation frequency and low coverage of meteorological sounding stations, thereby increasing the spatial coverage and temporal frequency of logarithmic temperature pressure maps.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for plotting a logarithmic temperature-pressure map using joint satellite observations, the method comprising:

[0005] Determine the location and altitude information of the image to be drawn, and convert the altitude into ground air pressure value;

[0006] Acquire atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites respectively, and match them with satellite orbit scanning points at the locations of the images to be drawn;

[0007] Based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the satellite orbit scanning point at the altitude are extracted, and a temperature-logarithmic-pressure map is plotted.

[0008] Preferably, the method for matching satellite orbit scan points with the location of the image to be drawn includes:

[0009] Calculate the straight-line distance between the scan point and the location point of the image to be drawn;

[0010] The scanning point that is closest in a straight line to the location of the image to be drawn is taken as the satellite orbit scanning point.

[0011] Preferably, the method for extracting the vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data includes:

[0012] Missing values ​​are removed when extracting data.

[0013] Preferably, the method for extracting the vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data further includes:

[0014] Based on the quality identifier values ​​in the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of the polar-orbiting meteorological satellite and the geostationary meteorological satellite, temperature and humidity profile data that do not meet the preset requirements are removed.

[0015] Preferably, the method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure map, further includes:

[0016] The vertical profile data of the dew point temperature at the satellite orbit scanning point is calculated based on the temperature of the satellite orbit scanning point, the vertical profile data of the specific humidity at the corresponding pressure layer, and the ground pressure value.

[0017] Preferably, the method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure map, further includes:

[0018] Starting from the temperature of the altitude layer at which the ground air pressure value of the image to be drawn is located, a stratification curve is drawn in the temperature logarithmic pressure map.

[0019] Preferably, the method for plotting the state curve in the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram includes:

[0020] From the starting point, rise along the dry insulation line, and after reaching the height of the condensation rise, rise along the wet insulation line.

[0021] Calculate the condensation height, free convection height, and equilibrium height, and plot them on the temperature-log pressure diagram;

[0022] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the free convection height and the equilibrium height is a positive area, which is displayed in the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram.

[0023] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the height of the starting point and the height of free convection is a negative area, which is displayed in the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram.

[0024] Calculate the thermal stability index and energy parameters, and plot them on the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram.

[0025] Preferably, the thermal stability index includes one or more combinations of the Sablin index, the rise index, the optimal rise index, and the K index; the energy parameter includes one or more combinations of the convective effective potential energy and the convective suppression energy.

[0026] Preferably, the polar-orbiting meteorological satellites are Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite D and Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite E. The Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite D carries the FY-3D / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product, and the Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite E carries the FY-3E / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product.

[0027] The geostationary meteorological satellite selected is Fengyun-4B geostationary meteorological satellite, which carries the FY-4B / GIIRS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product.

[0028] Secondly, the present invention provides a device for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations, the device comprising:

[0029] One or more processors;

[0030] A storage device for storing one or more programs that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for plotting temperature logarithmic pressure maps for joint satellite observations as described in the first aspect.

[0031] In summary, the technical solutions conceived by this invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0032] Joint observations by polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites provide observational data with greater spatial coverage and temporal frequency. The resulting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps can serve as an effective supplement to routine observations and play an important role in meteorological operations. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for generating a logarithmic temperature-pressure map using satellite joint observations, as provided in Embodiment 1.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a method for generating a logarithmic temperature-pressure map using satellite joint observations, as provided in Embodiment 1. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] In the description of this invention, the terms "inner", "outer", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and do not require that this invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] This embodiment provides a method for plotting logarithmic temperature and pressure maps using joint satellite observations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0041] S101: Determine the location and altitude information of the image to be drawn, and convert the altitude into ground air pressure value.

[0042] S102: Acquire atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites respectively, and match them with satellite orbit scanning points at the locations of the images to be drawn.

[0043] S103: Extract the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and draw a temperature logarithmic pressure map.

[0044] Meteorological satellites are classified into polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites based on their orbits. Polar-orbiting meteorological satellites maintain a fixed orientation with the sun in their instantaneous orbit, allowing for global observations at the same local time, and possess the advantages of low orbit and high resolution. Geostationary meteorological satellites, on the other hand, have orbital planes that coincide with the Earth's equatorial plane, and their orbital period and revolution direction are the same as the Earth's rotation. They can conduct high-frequency observations of a fixed area they cover daily; however, geostationary meteorological satellites have higher orbital altitudes, resulting in lower observation resolution. Polar-orbiting and geostationary meteorological satellites complement each other, enhancing the development of meteorological observation. Although the two types of satellites differ in their observation methods, onboard remote sensing instruments, and data generation algorithms, slight differences may exist in the vertical profile data obtained from the same location and at the same time. However, the data obtained from the two types of observations can complement each other in both space and time.

[0045] Currently, my country's Fengyun-4 geostationary meteorological satellite B, Fengyun-3 polar-orbiting meteorological satellite D and E have the capability to vertically detect atmospheric temperature and humidity. This embodiment is based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of these three satellites.

[0046] To accurately plot the temperature-logarithmic pressure map, in conjunction with Embodiment 1, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for matching satellite orbit scan points at the location of the image to be plotted includes:

[0047] Calculate the straight-line distance between the scan point and the location point of the image to be drawn;

[0048] The scanning point that is closest in a straight line to the location of the image to be drawn is taken as the satellite orbit scanning point.

[0049] Assume the coordinates of the scan point are (X1, Y1), the coordinates of the image to be drawn are (X2, Y2), and the straight-line distance between the two points is (X1-X2). 2 +(Y1-Y2) 2 By calculating the straight-line distance between each scan point and the location of the image to be plotted, the scan point with the minimum straight-line distance to the image location is obtained. This scan point with the shortest straight-line distance to the image location is then used as the satellite orbit scan point. Matching the satellite orbit scan point by calculating the shortest straight-line distance improves the accuracy of obtaining parameters related to the logarithmic pressure map. This calculation process can currently be performed using software. Satellites can locate multiple scan points based on latitude and longitude information. Each scan point stores vertical altitude layer data. By calculating the straight-line distance between each scan point and the image location, the satellite orbit scan point with the shortest straight-line distance is found, and then the vertical altitude layer data of the satellite orbit scan point is extracted.

[0050] To improve the accuracy of obtaining parameters related to the temperature-logarithmic pressure map, in conjunction with Embodiment 1, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for extracting the vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data includes:

[0051] Missing values ​​are removed when extracting data.

[0052] Missing data refers to the absence of corresponding temperature and / or specific humidity values ​​at satellite orbit scanning points in the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites. Missing data makes it impossible to extract the data and plot the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram.

[0053] To improve the accuracy of obtaining parameters related to the temperature-logarithmic pressure map, in conjunction with Embodiment 1, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for extracting the vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data further includes:

[0054] Based on the quality identifier values ​​in the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of the polar-orbiting meteorological satellite and the geostationary meteorological satellite, temperature and humidity profile data that do not meet the preset requirements are removed.

[0055] The quality identifier values ​​in the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from the polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and the geostationary meteorological satellites include, but are not limited to, perfect, good, not bad, bad, and do not use. These quality identifier values ​​represent different data qualities. Low-quality temperature and humidity profile data can be removed based on the quality identifier values. For example, if the required quality identifier values ​​are perfect, good, or not bad, and the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from the polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites contains a quality identifier value of do not use, then that data will be removed.

[0056] To obtain the vertical profile data of dew point temperature at satellite orbit scanning points, in conjunction with Embodiment 1, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning points based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and drawing a temperature-logarithmic-pressure map, further includes:

[0057] The vertical profile data of the dew point temperature at the satellite orbit scanning point is calculated based on the temperature of the satellite orbit scanning point, the vertical profile data of the specific humidity at the corresponding pressure layer, and the ground pressure value.

[0058] In conjunction with Embodiment 1, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure map, further includes:

[0059] Starting from the temperature and dew point temperature of the altitude layer at which the surface air pressure value of the image to be plotted is located, stratification curves for temperature and dew point temperature are drawn in the temperature logarithmic pressure map. The temperature logarithmic pressure map includes stratification curves for temperature and dew point temperature as well as state curves.

[0060] In conjunction with this embodiment one, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the method for plotting the state curve in the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram includes:

[0061] From the starting point, rise along the dry insulation line, and after reaching the height of the condensation rise, rise along the wet insulation line.

[0062] Calculate the condensation height, free convection height, and equilibrium height, and plot them on the temperature-log pressure diagram;

[0063] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the free convection height and the equilibrium height is the positive area, which is shown in red shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram.

[0064] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the height of the starting point and the height of free convection is a negative area, which is displayed in green shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure graph.

[0065] Calculate the thermal stability index and energy parameters, and plot them on the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram.

[0066] Lifted condensation height (LCL) is the condensation height caused by the adiabatic lifting of an air parcel under dynamic action. Free convection height (LFC) is the height at which the temperature difference between the air parcel and the environment changes from negative to positive. Convective condensation height (CCL) is the condensation height caused by thermal action (the height at which the intersection of surface air pressure and dew point temperature rises along the iso-saturated specific humidity line and then intersects with the temperature profile). Equilibrium height (EL) is the height at which the temperature difference between the air parcel and the environment changes from positive to negative.

[0067] To provide richer data and parameters in the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram, in conjunction with this embodiment one, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the thermal stability index includes one or more combinations of the Sablin index, the rise index, the optimal rise index, and the K index; the energy parameters include one or more combinations of convective effective potential energy and convective suppression energy.

[0068] The process for drawing a temperature-logarithmic pressure diagram is as follows:

[0069] Based on the vertical profile data of temperature and dew point temperature above the altitude layer where the ground pressure is located, obtained from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites, temperature stratification curves and dew point temperature stratification curves are plotted in the temperature logarithmic pressure map.

[0070] Starting with the temperature of the altitude layer where the ground pressure is located, a state curve is plotted, that is, rising along the dry adiabatic line from the starting position, reaching the height of the condensation rise, and then rising along the wet adiabatic line.

[0071] Calculate the raised condensation height (LCL), free convection height (LFC), convection condensation height (CCL), and equilibrium height (EL), and mark them on the right side of the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram;

[0072] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the free convection height (LFC) and the equilibrium height (EL) is a positive area, which is shown in red shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram.

[0073] The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the initial height and the free convection height (LFC) is a negative area, which is shown in green shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram.

[0074] Calculate the thermal stability indices, including the Sablin index (SI), the lift index (LI), the optimal lift index (BLI), and the K index, and mark them in the lower left corner of the temperature-log pressure graph;

[0075] Calculate the energy parameters, including convective available potential energy (CAPE) and convective insufficiency energy (CIN), and mark them in the lower left corner of the temperature-log pressure diagram;

[0076] Label the title of the logarithmic temperature-pressure map, including the location name of the image to be plotted, the name of the polar-orbiting or geostationary meteorological satellite, and time information (year, month, day, hour, minute, second).

[0077] In conjunction with this embodiment one, there is also a preferred implementation scheme. Specifically, the polar-orbiting meteorological satellites are Fengyun-3 Polar-orbiting Meteorological Satellite D and Fengyun-3 Polar-orbiting Meteorological Satellite E. The Fengyun-3 Polar-orbiting Meteorological Satellite D is equipped with FY-3D / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile products, and the Fengyun-3 Polar-orbiting Meteorological Satellite E is equipped with FY-3E / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile products.

[0078] The geostationary meteorological satellite selected is Fengyun-4B geostationary meteorological satellite, which carries the FY-4B / GIIRS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product.

[0079] (1) The FY-3D / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product is a global orbital product obtained by joint inversion of data from the Infrared Hyperspectral Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS-I), Microwave Thermometer (MWTS-II), and Microwave Hygrometer (MWHS-II) carried on the Fengyun-3 polar-orbiting meteorological satellite D. The scanning time of the Fengyun-3 polar-orbiting meteorological satellite D in my country is approximately 14:00 in the afternoon and 02:00 in the morning every day. The horizontal resolution of this product is about 16km below the satellite, and the vertical height ranges from 1013.25hPa to 0.1hPa, with a total of 43 layers. The orbital data interval is 1 hour and 42 minutes.

[0080] (2) The FY-3E / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product is a global orbital product obtained by joint inversion of data from the Infrared Hyperspectral Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS-II), the Microwave Thermometer (MWTS-III), and the Microwave Hygrometer (MWHS-II). The scanning time of the Fengyun-3 polar-orbiting meteorological satellite E in my country is approximately around 18:00 at dusk and 06:00 at dawn every day. The horizontal resolution of this product is about 14km at the nadir, and the vertical height is 37 layers from 1000hPa to 1hPa. The orbital data interval is 1 hour and 42 minutes.

[0081] (3) The FY-4B / GIIRS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product is based on data inversion from the Interferometric Atmospheric Vertical Sounder (GIIRS). The product has a horizontal resolution of about 12km at the nadir and 37 vertical heights from 1100hPa to 0.005hPa, enabling continuous observation of China and surrounding areas every 2 hours.

[0082] The FY-3D / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profiler product is equipped with an infrared hyperspectral atmospheric sounder (HIRAS-I) with 1370 spectral channels, 70 times more than the previous infrared spectrometer, and a maximum spectral resolution of 0.625 cm⁻¹, enabling more precise detection of atmospheric temperature and water vapor information with higher vertical resolution. The included microwave thermometer (MWTS-II) has 13 surface and oxygen detection channels, operating at frequencies between 50-60 GHz, and can penetrate non-precipitating clouds, allowing it to work with HIRAS to obtain atmospheric temperature profiles under cloudy conditions. The included microwave hygrometer (MWHS-II) has 15 detection channels, with 5 channels near the 183.31 GHz water vapor absorption line providing atmospheric humidity profiles under cloudy conditions.

[0083] The FY-3E / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profiler is equipped with an infrared hyperspectral atmospheric sounder (HIRAS-II) with a spectral coverage of 650-2550 cm⁻¹ and a total of 3041 channels. The microwave thermometer (MWTS-III) has been increased to 17 channels, resulting in a significant improvement in sensitivity and calibration accuracy.

[0084] FY-4B / GIIRS Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity Profile Product: The Interferometric Atmospheric Vertical Sounder (GIIRS) is the world's first precision remote sensing instrument that uses infrared hyperspectral interferometry to detect the three-dimensional vertical structure of the atmosphere in geostationary orbit. It uses a 16×8 array detector and observes infrared radiation in different spectral bands through Michelson interferometry to obtain the vertical distribution of atmospheric temperature and humidity. Due to the lack of a microwave channel payload, there are significant gaps in cloud area data.

[0085] The Infrared Hyperspectral Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS-I), the Infrared Hyperspectral Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS-II), and the Interferometric Vertical Atmospheric Sounder (GIIRS) are designed with a series of detection channels on the infrared or microwave absorption bands of carbon dioxide, oxygen, water vapor, etc. The center of the absorption band mainly obtains information of the upper atmosphere, while the wing region of the absorption band mainly obtains information of the lower atmosphere. Based on the spectral changes from the strong absorption center to the weak absorption wing region of the absorption band, the temperature and humidity profiles of the atmosphere in the vertical direction can be inferred.

[0086] Example 2:

[0087] This embodiment two also provides a device for generating logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations. The device includes:

[0088] One or more processors;

[0089] A storage device for storing one or more programs that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for plotting temperature logarithmic pressure maps for joint satellite observations as described in the first aspect.

[0090] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the satellite joint observation device for generating logarithmic temperature and pressure maps provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A block diagram of an exemplary satellite joint observation device suitable for implementing embodiments of the present invention to generate logarithmic temperature-pressure maps is shown. Figure 2 The satellite joint observation device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0091] like Figure 2 As shown, the satellite-based logarithmic temperature and pressure map mapping device is represented in the form of a general-purpose computing device. Components of this device may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units, memory, and buses connecting different system components (including memory and processing units).

[0092] A bus refers to one or more of several bus architectures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processor, or a local bus using any of the various bus architectures. Examples of these architectures include, but are not limited to, the Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, the Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, the Enhanced ISA bus, the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.

[0093] Satellite co-observation temperature logarithmic pressure mapping equipment typically includes a variety of computer-readable media. These media can be any available media that can be accessed by satellite co-observation temperature logarithmic pressure mapping equipment, including volatile and non-volatile media, and portable and non-portable media.

[0094] The memory may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as random access memory (RAM) 30 and / or cache memory. The satellite-based joint observation device for mapping temperature logarithmic pressure may further include other removable / non-removable, volatile / non-volatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, the storage system may be used to read and write non-removable, non-volatile magnetic media (…). Figure 2 Not shown; usually referred to as a "hard drive"). Although Figure 2 Not shown, disk drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile disks (e.g., "floppy disks") and optical disc drives for reading and writing to removable non-volatile optical discs (e.g., CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to a bus via one or more data media interfaces. The memory may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules configured to perform the functions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0095] A program / utility having a set (at least one) of program modules can be stored, for example, in memory. Such program modules include, but are not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data. Each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment. The program modules typically perform the functions and / or methods described in the embodiments of this invention.

[0096] The satellite-based temperature logarithmic pressure mapping device can also communicate with one or more external devices (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display, etc.), one or more devices that enable user interaction with the device, and / or any device that enables communication with one or more other computing devices (e.g., network interface card, modem, etc.). This communication can be achieved through input / output (I / O) interfaces. Furthermore, the device can communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via a network adapter. As shown in the figure, the network adapter communicates with other modules of the device via a bus. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with the device, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0097] The processing unit executes various functional applications and data processing by running programs stored in the memory, such as implementing the method for plotting a temperature-logarithmic pressure map based on satellite joint observations provided in any embodiment of the present invention. Specifically: it determines the location and altitude information of the image to be plotted and converts the altitude into a ground pressure value; it acquires atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites, respectively, and matches them with satellite orbit scanning points at the location of the image to be plotted; based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, it extracts the vertical profile data of the temperature and specific humidity of the satellite orbit scanning points at the location of the image to be plotted, and plots the temperature-logarithmic pressure map.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using joint satellite observations, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the location and altitude information of the image to be drawn, and convert the altitude into ground air pressure value; Acquire atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data from polar-orbiting meteorological satellites and geostationary meteorological satellites respectively, and match them with satellite orbit scanning points at the locations of the images to be drawn; Based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the location of the satellite orbit scanning point on the image to be drawn are extracted, and a temperature logarithmic pressure map is drawn.

2. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for matching satellite orbit scan points with the location of the image to be drawn includes: Calculate the straight-line distance between the scan point and the location point of the image to be drawn; The scanning point that is closest in a straight line to the location of the image to be drawn is taken as the satellite orbit scanning point.

3. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data includes: Missing values ​​are removed when extracting data.

4. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The method for extracting the vertical profile data information of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data further includes: Based on the quality identifier values ​​in the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data of the polar-orbiting meteorological satellite and the geostationary meteorological satellite, temperature and humidity profile data that do not meet the preset requirements are removed.

5. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and plotting the temperature-logarithmic-pressure map, further includes: The vertical profile data of the dew point temperature at the satellite orbit scanning point is calculated based on the temperature of the satellite orbit scanning point, the vertical profile data of the specific humidity at the corresponding pressure layer, and the ground pressure value.

6. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The method for extracting the vertical profile data of temperature and specific humidity at the altitude of the satellite orbit scanning point based on the atmospheric temperature and humidity profile data, and plotting the temperature-logarithmic-pressure map, further includes: Starting from the temperature and dew point temperature of the altitude layer at which the ground pressure value of the image to be drawn is located, temperature and dew point temperature stratification curves are drawn in the temperature logarithmic pressure map.

7. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Methods for plotting state curves in a temperature-logarithmic pressure diagram include: From the starting point, rise along the dry insulation line, and after reaching the height of the condensation rise, rise along the wet insulation line. Calculate the condensation height, free convection height, and equilibrium height, and plot them on the temperature-log pressure diagram; The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the free convection height and the equilibrium height is the positive area, which is shown in red shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure diagram. The area enclosed by the temperature stratification curve and the state curve between the height of the starting point and the height of free convection is a negative area, which is displayed in green shading on the temperature logarithmic pressure graph. Calculate the thermal stability index and energy parameters, and plot them on the temperature-logarithmic-pressure diagram.

8. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The thermal stability index includes one or more combinations of the Sablin index, the uplift index, the optimal uplift index, and the K index; the energy parameter includes one or more combinations of the convective available potential energy and the convective suppression energy.

9. The method for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The polar-orbiting meteorological satellites selected are Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite D and Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite E. The Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite D is equipped with FY-3D / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile products, and the Fengyun-3 Polar Meteorological Satellite E is equipped with FY-3E / VASS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile products. The geostationary meteorological satellite selected is Fengyun-4B geostationary meteorological satellite, which carries the FY-4B / GIIRS atmospheric temperature and humidity profile product.

10. A device for plotting logarithmic temperature-pressure maps using satellite joint observations, characterized in that the device... include: One or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method of plotting a logarithmic temperature-pressure map based on joint satellite observations as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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