electric machine

Abstract

The application discloses a motor, which comprises an outer shell, a rotor mechanism, a stator mechanism and a winding mechanism. The rotor mechanism is arranged at least partially in the outer shell, and comprises a rotating shaft rotatably connected with the outer shell and a rotor arranged on the rotating shaft. The stator mechanism is arranged at least partially in the outer shell, and is fixedly connected with the outer shell. The stator mechanism is arranged at least partially around the rotor mechanism. The winding mechanism is arranged at least partially on the stator mechanism. A first cooling air duct is arranged in the outer shell, and the first cooling air duct is in communication with the outside. A second cooling air duct extending along the axis of the rotating shaft is arranged in the rotating shaft. One end of the second cooling air duct is in communication with the outside. When the motor is in a working state, the first cooling air duct delivers cooling air from the outside to the second cooling air duct. After passing through the second cooling air duct, the cooling air is delivered to the outside from the end of the second cooling air duct in communication with the outside. Through the above arrangement, the heat dissipation effect of the motor can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive equipment technology, and in particular to an electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of high-speed railways and the emergence of high-performance permanent magnet materials, the research and application of permanent magnet synchronous traction motors in the field of rail transit are becoming increasingly widespread. Permanent magnet synchronous traction motors use permanent magnets in the motor rotor for excitation, which avoids excitation losses caused by electrical excitation. They have advantages such as high efficiency, high power density, and high power factor, making them very promising for locomotive traction.

[0003] For permanent magnet traction motors used in rail transit, the rated power of a single motor needs to reach several hundred kilowatts to provide sufficient traction. However, due to installation space limitations, the motors are designed to be small in size and have limited heat dissipation space. Furthermore, to protect the permanent magnets and windings from the harsh external environment during locomotive operation, the motors must be made with a fully enclosed structure. This makes heat dissipation difficult for motors with high rated power, leading to localized high temperatures. This can cause risks such as insulation damage, bearing lubrication failure, and even demagnetization of the permanent magnets, potentially resulting in train accidents.

[0004] Traditional cooling methods for permanent magnet traction motors primarily involve creating cooling air ducts or water channels in the casing or stator yoke to cool the stator's outer surface via air or liquid cooling. This method only enhances stator cooling; the rotor and bearings still require a longer heat conduction path to dissipate heat. Therefore, critical components such as the rotor, permanent magnets, and bearings still face the problem of excessively high temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a motor with better heat dissipation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An electric motor includes a housing, a rotor mechanism, a stator mechanism, and a winding mechanism. A receiving space is formed within the housing; the rotor mechanism is at least partially disposed within the receiving space, and includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the housing and a rotor disposed on the rotating shaft; the stator mechanism is at least partially disposed within the receiving space, fixedly connected to the housing, and at least partially arranged around the rotor mechanism; the winding mechanism is at least partially disposed on the stator mechanism; a first cooling air duct is provided within the housing, communicating with the outside; a second cooling air duct is provided in the rotating shaft, extending along the axis of the rotating shaft, with one end of the second cooling air duct communicating with the outside. When the motor is in operation, the first cooling air duct delivers cooling air from the outside to the second cooling air duct, and the cooling air, after passing through the second cooling air duct, is delivered to the outside from the end of the second cooling air duct communicating with the outside.

[0008] Furthermore, the second cooling air duct includes a first end and a second end, which are connected. The surface of the rotating shaft near the first end is recessed and forms an air guide. The air guide is connected to the first end. When the rotating shaft is in operation, the first cooling air duct delivers cooling air to the surface of the rotating shaft and from the air guide to the first end. The first end delivers cooling air to the second end and from the second end to the outside.

[0009] Furthermore, the first cooling air duct is basically in the form of a planar spiral structure, and the axis of the first cooling air duct extends basically along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a cooling water channel is provided inside the outer casing, which is at least partially arranged around and close to the stator mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the motor includes a first bearing mechanism located away from the first cooling air duct and a second bearing mechanism located close to the first cooling air duct. The rotating shaft and the housing are rotatably connected through the first bearing mechanism and the second bearing mechanism. A heat transfer element is also provided in the housing, with one end of the heat transfer element located close to the cooling water duct and the other end of the heat transfer element located close to the first bearing mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, a third cooling air duct is provided inside the outer casing, which is at least partially arranged around the stator mechanism and close to the stator mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the cooling water channel and the third cooling air channel form a double helix structure, which is arranged around the stator mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer casing is provided with an input section, the first cooling air duct is provided with a first air inlet connecting to the outside, the cooling water duct is provided with a water inlet, and the third cooling air duct is provided with a second air inlet connecting to the outside. The first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the water inlet are arranged side by side in the input section.

[0015] Furthermore, a first output section is provided on the upper side of the outer casing, and an air outlet connected to the outside is provided in the third cooling air duct. The air outlet is located in the first output section and extends along the vertical direction of the motor. A second output section is also provided on the lower side of the outer casing, and a water outlet for draining water is provided in the cooling water duct. The water outlet is located in the second output section and extends along the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Furthermore, the motor also includes a turbulence fan mounted on the shaft, the turbulence fan being located in the receiving space and positioned at the end of the shaft near the first cooling air duct; the outer casing is also provided with heat dissipation fins located away from the first cooling air duct, the heat dissipation fins being arranged around the outer casing.

[0017] The aforementioned motor can utilize a first cooling duct located within the housing and a second cooling duct located within the shaft, eliminating the need for an external cooling system. This reduces the space required for the arrangement of the first and second cooling ducts, thereby improving the motor's structural compactness and space utilization. Simultaneously, it prevents the housing's storage space from communicating with the outside, thus improving the motor's sealing performance. This facilitates adaptation to the operating environment of a fully enclosed permanent magnet synchronous traction motor, enabling the first and second cooling ducts in this application to cool the rotor mechanism in a fully enclosed environment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor in this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the motor of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the motor of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second cooling air ducts of the motor in this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water channel structure of the motor in this application.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third cooling air duct of the motor in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3An electric motor 100 is shown, comprising a housing 11, a rotor mechanism 12, a stator mechanism 13, and a winding mechanism 14. A receiving space 111 is formed within the housing 11, and the rotor mechanism 12, stator mechanism 13, and winding mechanism 14 are at least partially disposed within the receiving space 111, thereby protecting the rotor mechanism 12, stator mechanism 13, and winding mechanism 14 and facilitating the normal operation of the motor 100. The rotor mechanism 12 may be made of a magnetic material; specifically, it may be a permanent magnet. Furthermore, the winding mechanism 14 is at least partially disposed on the stator mechanism 13, which is fixedly connected to the housing 11. The stator mechanism 13 is at least partially disposed around the rotor mechanism 12, and the rotor mechanism 12 and housing 11 are rotatably connected. When the motor 100 is in operation, current flows through the winding mechanism 14, causing the rotor mechanism 12 to rotate relative to the outer casing 11. This allows the rotor mechanism 12 to output kinetic energy to external devices, enabling the motor 100 to drive these devices. In this embodiment, the rotor mechanism 12 includes a shaft 121 and a rotor 122. The shaft 121 is rotatably connected to the outer casing 11, and the rotor 122 is mounted on the shaft 121. More specifically, the rotor 122 can be a permanent magnet, causing the rotor 122 to drive the shaft 121 to rotate during rotation, thus enabling the motor 100 to output driving force. In this application, the motor 100 can be a permanent magnet synchronous traction motor. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this invention, the following are also defined: Figure 1 The upper and lower sides are shown.

[0026] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in one implementation, a first cooling air duct 112 is provided inside the outer casing 11. The first cooling air duct 112 is connected to the outside, so that cooling air from the outside can be delivered to the first cooling air duct 112 by equipment such as a fan. A second cooling air duct 1211 is provided in the rotating shaft 121, extending along the axis of the rotating shaft 121. One end of the second cooling air duct 1211 is connected to the outside, and the other end of the second cooling air duct 1211 is used to receive the cooling air delivered by the first cooling air duct 112.

[0027] When the motor 100 is in operation, the first cooling duct 112 delivers cooling air from the outside to the second cooling duct 1211. After passing through the second cooling duct 1211, the cooling air is delivered to the outside from the end of the second cooling duct 1211 that connects to the outside. With the above arrangement, the cooling air can cool the rotating shaft 121 when the motor 100 is in operation. Simultaneously, since the rotating shaft 121 and the rotor 122 are fixedly connected, heat transfer can occur between them. This allows the cooling air to cool both the rotating shaft 121 and the rotor 122 simultaneously, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the rotor mechanism 12. This helps prevent the motor 100 from experiencing performance degradation or even failure due to prolonged operation in a high-temperature environment, thereby increasing the service life and operational reliability of the motor 100. Furthermore, with the above-mentioned configuration, there is no need for an external cooling system, and the first cooling duct 112 occupies only the space inside the outer casing 11, while the second cooling duct 1211 occupies only the space inside the rotating shaft 121. This reduces the arrangement space of the first cooling duct 112 and the second cooling duct 1211, thereby improving the structural compactness and space utilization of the motor 100. Simultaneously, the above configuration also facilitates the installation and operation of the motor 100, which is beneficial for further expansion of the motor 100. Moreover, the cooling air cools the rotor mechanism 12 through the first cooling duct 112 located inside the outer casing 11 and the second cooling duct 1211 located in the rotating shaft 121, thus preventing the housing space 111 of the outer casing 11 from communicating with the outside. This improves the sealing performance of the motor 100 and helps it adapt to the operating environment of a fully enclosed permanent magnet synchronous traction motor, enabling the first cooling duct 112 and the second cooling duct 1211 in this application to cool the rotor mechanism 12 in a fully enclosed environment.

[0028] Specifically, the second cooling duct 1211 includes a first end 1211a and a second end 1211b, which are connected. A guide port 1212 is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft near the first end 1211a, and the guide port 1212 is connected to the first end 1211a. The second end 1211b is configured as a transmission end for outputting driving force, while the first end 1211a is configured as a non-transmission end. That is, the second end 1211b can be connected to an external device to drive its operation. The first cooling duct 112 is positioned close to the first end 1211a, thus avoiding interference between the first cooling duct 112 and the second end 1211b while meeting the layout requirements of the first cooling duct 112. This facilitates the output of driving force from the second end 1211b, thereby improving the operational reliability of the motor 100.

[0029] When the motor 100 is in operation, the shaft 121 rotates, meaning the shaft 121 is also in operation. More specifically, when the shaft 121 is in operation, the first cooling air duct 112 delivers cooling air to the surface of the shaft 121 and from the air guide 1212 to the first end 1211a. The first end 1211a then delivers the cooling air to the second end 1211b and from the second end 1211b to the outside. With the above arrangement, the air guide 1212 located in the shaft 121 can serve as an air supply channel between the first cooling air duct 112 and the second cooling air duct 1211. This facilitates the delivery of cooling air from the first cooling air duct 112 to the second cooling air duct 1211, and also allows the first cooling air duct 112 and the second cooling air duct 1211 in this application to cool the rotor mechanism 12 in a fully enclosed environment. Furthermore, the air vents 1212 are disposed within the rotating shaft 121, which allows the air vents 1212 to be positioned without occupying space in the motor 100, thus making the structure of the motor 100 more compact and facilitating further expansion of the motor 100. As an alternative implementation, several air vents 1212 are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft 121, thereby facilitating the delivery of cooling air to the second cooling duct 1211 when the rotating shaft 121 is in operation, which in turn improves the cooling effect on the rotor mechanism 12, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation of the motor 100.

[0030] With the above settings, when the first cooling air duct 112 and the second cooling air duct 1211 cool the rotor mechanism 12, the cooling air can directly cool the rotor mechanism 12 without damaging the sealing of the motor 100, which is beneficial for the motor 100 of this application to adapt to the operating environment of the fully enclosed permanent magnet synchronous traction motor.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first cooling air duct 112 is basically a planar spiral structure, and the axis of the first cooling air duct 112 extends basically along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 121. That is, a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 121 is defined, and the cross-sectional plane is located near the first end 1211a. The first cooling air duct 112 is at least partially located on the cross-sectional plane. Through the above arrangement, the first cooling air duct 112 can effectively reduce the flow resistance, thereby reducing the power required by equipment such as fans. In this way, even low-power fans can provide cooling air to the first cooling air duct 112 and meet the heat dissipation requirements of the rotor mechanism 12.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, in one implementation, a cooling water channel 113 is also provided inside the outer casing 11. The cooling water channel 113 is at least partially arranged around and close to the stator mechanism 13. Both ends of the cooling water channel 113 are connected to external mechanisms such as water pumps, thus forming a cooling water transport channel between the cooling water channel 113 and the water pump, which facilitates the cooling of the stator mechanism 13 by the cooling water channel 113. Specifically, both ends of the cooling water channel 113 connected to the water pump are located on the outer casing 11, so the connection between the water pump and the cooling water channel 113 can be achieved simply by connecting the water pump to the outer casing 11. This improves the ease of assembly of the cooling water channel 113 and the water pump, and also helps to improve the working efficiency of the motor 100, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor 100 on the stator mechanism 13.

[0033] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the motor 100 includes a first bearing mechanism 15 disposed away from the first cooling air duct 112 and a second bearing mechanism 16 disposed close to the first cooling air duct 112. The rotating shaft 121 and the housing 11 are rotatably connected through the first bearing mechanism 15 and the second bearing mechanism 16. Specifically, the first bearing mechanism 15 is disposed within the housing 11 and near the second end 1211b, which is rotatably connected to the housing 11 via the first bearing mechanism 15; the second bearing mechanism 16 is disposed within the housing 11 and near the first end 1211a, which is rotatably connected to the housing 11 via the second bearing mechanism 16. This arrangement allows for smoother rotation of the rotating shaft 121 and the housing 11, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the rotating shaft 121 during rotation, and consequently reducing the energy consumption of the motor 100, thus improving the energy utilization rate of the motor 100.

[0034] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, more specifically, a heat transfer element 114 is also provided in the outer casing 11. One end of the heat transfer element 114 is located near the cooling water channel 113, and the other end is located near the first bearing mechanism 15. This allows the heat transfer element 114 to enhance the heat conduction between the cooling water channel 113 and the first bearing mechanism 15, thereby facilitating the cooling of the first bearing mechanism 15 by the cooling water channel 113. The heat transfer element 114 can be a component with good thermal conductivity, such as a heat pipe, as long as it can achieve heat conduction between the cooling water channel 113 and the first bearing mechanism 15. As an alternative implementation, several heat transfer elements 114 can be provided, evenly arranged around the rotating shaft 121 along its circumference. This improves the uniformity of cooling of the first bearing mechanism 15 by the cooling water channel 113, preventing a significant performance degradation or even failure of the first bearing mechanism 15 due to long-term operation in a high-temperature environment, and improving the operational reliability and service life of the motor 100.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, in one implementation, a third cooling air duct 115 is also provided inside the outer casing 11. The third cooling air duct 115 is at least partially arranged around and close to the stator mechanism 13. One end of the third cooling air duct 115 is connected to a fan or other mechanism, and the other end of the third cooling air duct 115 is connected to the outside, so that the third cooling air duct 115 and the fan or other mechanism form a cooling air transport channel, which is beneficial to the cooling of the stator mechanism 13 by the third cooling air duct 115. Specifically, the end of the third cooling air duct 115 connected to the fan and the end connected to the outside are both located on the outer casing 11, so that the connection between the fan and the third cooling air duct 115 can be achieved simply by connecting the fan to the outer casing 11, thereby improving the ease of assembly of the third cooling air duct 115 and the fan, and helping to improve the working efficiency of the motor 100, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor 100 on the stator mechanism 13.

[0036] Specifically, the cooling water channel 113 and the third cooling air channel 115 form a double-helix structure, which surrounds the stator mechanism 13. This arrangement allows the third cooling air channel 115 and the cooling water channel 113 to work together, enabling them to jointly cool the stator mechanism 13 and thus improve the cooling effect. Furthermore, this arrangement allows the third cooling air channel 115 and the cooling water channel 113 to be arranged side-by-side within the outer casing 11, avoiding interference between them and achieving independent cooling. This reduces the space occupancy of the third cooling air channel 115 and the cooling water channel 113, improving the structural compactness of the motor 100. Additionally, even if one cooling channel fails, the other can still effectively cool the stator mechanism 13. Furthermore, the double-helix structure of the cooling water channel 113 and the third cooling air channel 115 can effectively reduce flow resistance, thereby reducing the power required by the fan and water pump and other mechanisms. This allows the low-power fan to provide cooling air to the third cooling air channel 115 and the low-power water pump to provide cooling water to the cooling water channel 113, so as to further meet the heat dissipation requirements of the stator mechanism 13.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, an input section 116 is provided on the outer casing 11, a first cooling air duct 112 is provided with a first air inlet 1121 that connects to the outside, a cooling water duct 113 is provided with a water inlet 1131, and a third cooling air duct 115 is provided with a second air inlet 1151 that connects to the outside. The first air inlet 1121, the second air inlet 1151, and the water inlet 1131 are arranged side by side in the input section 116. The system includes a water inlet 1131 connected to a water pump, which delivers cooling water to the inlet 1131, allowing the cooling water to enter the cooling channel 113 for cooling the stator mechanism 13. A fan is connected to a first air inlet 1121, which delivers cooling air to a first cooling channel 112, allowing the cooling air to enter a second cooling channel 1211 for cooling the rotor mechanism 12. The fan is also connected to a second air inlet 1151, which delivers cooling air to a third cooling channel 115 for cooling the stator mechanism 13. This configuration integrates the first air inlet 1121, the second air inlet 1151, and the water inlet 1131 into the input section 116, improving the structural compactness of the motor 100.

[0038] A first output section 117 is provided on the upper side of the outer casing 11, and a third cooling air duct 115 is provided with an air outlet 1152 connecting to the outside. The cooling air in the third cooling air duct 115 cools the stator mechanism 13 and is then discharged to the outside through the air outlet 1152, thereby achieving cooling of the stator mechanism 13 by the third cooling air duct 115. The air outlet 1152 is located in the first output section 117 and extends vertically along the motor 100. This arrangement allows the cooling air after cooling the stator mechanism 13 to be discharged more effectively from the air outlet 1152, thus improving the movement of the cooling air in the third cooling channel and enhancing the cooling effect on the stator mechanism 13.

[0039] A second output section 118 is also provided on the lower side of the outer casing 11, and the cooling water channel 113 is provided with a water outlet 1132 for drainage. The water outlet 1132 is connected to a water pump, and the cooling water in the cooling water channel 113 cools the stator mechanism 13 and is then discharged from the water outlet 1132, thereby achieving cooling of the stator mechanism 13. As an alternative implementation, a heat dissipation mechanism can be provided between the water pump and the water outlet 1132 to cool the cooling water discharged from the water outlet 1132 and transport it to the water pump, thereby achieving cooling water circulation. The water outlet 1132 is located in the second output section 118 and extends along the axis of the rotating shaft 121. With the above arrangement, the cooling water after cooling the stator mechanism 13 can be discharged more effectively from the water outlet 1132, thereby making the movement of the cooling water in the cooling water channel 113 smoother and improving the cooling effect on the stator mechanism 13.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in one implementation, the motor 100 also includes a turbulence fan 17 disposed on the rotating shaft 121. The turbulence fan 17 is disposed in the receiving space 111 and is located at one end of the rotating shaft 121 near the first cooling air duct 112. Specifically, the turbulence fan 17 is at least partially disposed between the first cooling air duct 112 and the rotor 122. The turbulence fan 17 can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 121 to facilitate airflow inside the motor 100, increase the turbulence intensity inside the motor 100, thereby increasing the convective heat dissipation coefficient of the surface of the internal components of the motor 100, and thus improving the cooling effect of the first cooling air duct 112, the second cooling air duct 1211, the third cooling air duct 115, and the cooling water channel 113 on the internal components of the motor 100.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer shell 11 is also provided with heat dissipation fins 119. The heat dissipation fins 119 are disposed away from the first cooling air duct 112 and are disposed around the outer shell 11, so that the heat dissipation fins 119 can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the outer shell 11 and increase the natural convection heat dissipation intensity of the surface of the outer shell 11.

[0042] Understandably, the motor 100 of this application can be flexibly configured with a turbulence fan 17 and / or heat dissipation fins 119 according to the power of the motor 100, the application environment, etc., thereby improving the working condition adaptability of the motor 100 and providing more options for cooling the permanent magnet synchronous traction motor.

[0043] In summary, the motor 100 of this application, by providing a first cooling air duct 112, a third cooling air duct 115, and a cooling water duct 113 in the outer casing 11, and a second cooling air duct 1211 in the rotating shaft 121, achieves the cooling requirements for the stator mechanism 13, rotor mechanism 12, and first bearing mechanism 15 while minimizing the space occupied by the first cooling air duct 112, the third cooling air duct 115, and the cooling water duct 113. This facilitates the installation and operation of the motor 100 and allows for further expansion of the motor 100. Furthermore, through the above arrangement, the rotor mechanism 12 can be directly cooled via the first cooling air duct 112 and the second cooling air duct 1211, and the stator mechanism 13 and the first bearing mechanism 15 can be directly cooled via the third cooling air duct 115 and the cooling water duct 113. This allows for cooling of key components of the motor 100 within a fully enclosed environment, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of a fully enclosed, high-power permanent magnet synchronous traction motor. Furthermore, by setting up a spiral structure for the first cooling air duct 112, the third cooling air duct 115, and the cooling water duct 113, the power required for the fan and water pump can be significantly reduced.

[0044] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric motor, comprising: An outer shell, wherein an accommodating space is formed within the outer shell; A rotor mechanism, at least partially disposed in the receiving space, the rotor mechanism including a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the outer casing and a rotor disposed on the rotating shaft; A stator mechanism is at least partially disposed in the receiving space, the stator mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer casing, and the stator mechanism is at least partially disposed around the rotor mechanism; A winding mechanism, wherein the winding mechanism is at least partially disposed on the stator mechanism; Its features are, The outer casing is provided with a first cooling air duct, which is connected to the outside. The rotating shaft is provided with a second cooling air duct extending along the axis of the rotating shaft, and one end of the second cooling air duct is connected to the outside. When the motor is in working condition, the first cooling air duct delivers cooling air from the outside to the second cooling air duct. After passing through the second cooling air duct, the cooling air is delivered to the outside from the end of the second cooling air duct that is connected to the outside. The first cooling air duct is basically in the form of a planar spiral structure, and the axis of the first cooling air duct extends basically along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; a cooling water channel is also provided in the outer casing, and the cooling water channel is at least partially arranged around the stator mechanism and close to the stator mechanism; The motor includes a first bearing mechanism located away from the first cooling duct and a second bearing mechanism located close to the first cooling duct. The rotating shaft and the outer casing are rotatably connected through the first bearing mechanism and the second bearing mechanism. A heat transfer element is also provided in the outer casing. One end of the heat transfer element is located close to the cooling duct, and the other end of the heat transfer element is located close to the first bearing mechanism.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cooling air duct includes a first end and a second end, which are connected. The surface of the rotating shaft near the first end is recessed and forms an air guide. The air guide is connected to the first end. When the rotating shaft is in operation, the first cooling air duct delivers the cooling air to the surface of the rotating shaft and from the air guide to the first end. The first end delivers the cooling air to the second end and from the second end to the outside.

3. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing is also provided with a third cooling air duct, which is at least partially arranged around the stator mechanism and close to the stator mechanism.

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling water channel and the third cooling air channel form a double helix structure, which is arranged around the stator mechanism.

5. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer casing is provided with an input section, the first cooling air duct is provided with a first air inlet that connects to the outside, the cooling water duct is provided with a water inlet, and the third cooling air duct is provided with a second air inlet that connects to the outside. The first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the water inlet are arranged side by side in the input section.

6. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper side of the outer casing is provided with a first output section, and the third cooling air duct is provided with an air outlet that connects to the outside. The air outlet is located in the first output section and extends along the vertical direction of the motor. The lower side of the outer casing is also provided with a second output section, and the cooling water duct is provided with a water outlet for drainage. The water outlet is located in the second output section and extends along the axis of the rotating shaft.

7. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor also includes a turbulence fan disposed on the rotating shaft, the turbulence fan being disposed in the accommodating space, and the turbulence fan being disposed at one end of the rotating shaft near the first cooling air duct; the outer casing is also provided with heat dissipation fins disposed away from the first cooling air duct, the heat dissipation fins being disposed around the outer casing.

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