A method for preparing a feed from food waste from a table

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for preparing feed from leftover food from the dining table, comprising the following steps: fermentation using an enzyme-bacterial compound; the enzyme-bacterial compound includes a compound bacterial agent and a bifunctional enzyme preparation; the bifunctional enzyme preparation is a bifunctional enzyme with xylanase and ferulic acid esterase activities. This invention offers advantages such as high fermentation efficiency, strong process controllability, safe and stable product quality, good anti-rancidity effect, reduced harmful gas emissions, and benefits for environmental protection and resource utilization. The produced semi-digestible feed product has effects such as promoting intestinal peristalsis, stimulating immune function in animals, anti-oxidation, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, anti-cancer effects, and lowering blood lipids, improving nutritional components and feeding effects, and promoting animal health.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new feed technology, and in particular relates to a method for preparing feed from leftover food from the dining table. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous increase in meat consumption, the demand for animal feed has also been increasing. Leftover food refers only to food scraps generated at restaurants, canteens, and other catering establishments, excluding kitchen waste and raw materials. China wastes 17-18 million tons of food annually in urban catering establishments, equivalent to the food supply for 30-50 million people for a year. Leftover food contains approximately 24% crude fat and 21% crude protein in its dry matter. Utilizing all leftover food would save 30 million mu of arable land and 6 million tons of biodiesel.

[0003] To actively expand new sources of feed ingredients, promote the utilization of leftover food as feed, and drive the reduction and substitution of feed grains, relevant departments of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs have issued requirements for conducting pilot projects on the targeted use of leftover food as feed. The key point is how to rationally address the issues of resource utilization and product safety of leftover food in order to prepare feed ingredients for non-ruminant animals that meet my country's "Feed Hygiene Standard GB13078". However, some existing technologies directly dry leftover food for feed, posing significant feed safety risks. Others, due to unreasonable process settings, often result in poor feeding effects, substandard nutritional components, and easy rancidity after being processed from leftover food into feed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing food waste as feed. The present invention has advantages such as thorough fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis, high fermentation efficiency, strong process controllability, stable product quality, good anti-rancidity effect, reduction of harmful gas emissions, and benefits to environmental protection and resource utilization. The produced semi-digestible feed product promotes intestinal peristalsis, stimulates the animal's immune function, and has antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and lipid-lowering effects. It improves nutritional content and feeding effect, does not cause pathological harm to the raised animals, and promotes animal health.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for preparing leftover food from the dining table as animal feed, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Materials derived from leftover food from the dining table are subjected to high-temperature sterilization; the sterilized materials are then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation using an enzyme-bacterial compound agent; the enzyme-bacterial compound agent includes a compound bacterial agent and a bifunctional enzyme preparation; the bifunctional enzyme is a bifunctional enzyme with xylanase and ferulic acid esterase activities; the materials after enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are then dried; and the dried materials are then discharged and screened to obtain feed.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0009] By employing an enzyme-bacterial compound, the process is controllable. Utilizing the high nutritional value of leftover food, the fermented product retains its nutrients while fully producing enzymes, thus improving its cost-effectiveness. The enzyme-bacterial compound of this invention ensures thorough fermentation and hydrolysis, improves nutritional content and feeding efficiency, effectively prevents rancidity, partially replaces traditional feed ingredients, saves costs, and facilitates resource reuse.

[0010] This invention features high fermentation efficiency, strong process controllability, stable product quality, and excellent anti-rancidity effects. It also reduces harmful gas emissions, promotes environmental protection, and facilitates resource utilization. The resulting semi-digestible feed products promote intestinal peristalsis, stimulate immune function in animals, and have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and lipid-lowering effects, thereby improving nutritional content and feeding efficacy and promoting animal health.

[0011] The feed prepared by this invention is rich in probiotics and secondary metabolites, which can regulate intestinal health and promote feed digestion and absorption. The protein is fully degraded, with a small peptide (<1500 Da) content as high as 71%; it is rich in short-chain fatty acids with high unsaturation, enhancing the body's immunity. It is beneficial for improving meat and egg quality, increasing feed utilization, resisting stress, reducing the use of antibiotics and heavy metals, and ensuring food safety. It is environmentally friendly and contributes to N / P emission reduction. It has good breeding efficiency, helping to improve yield and quality, thus increasing farmers' income. The prepared feed meets quality standards, can save on grain-based feed, and helps to ensure food and feed safety in my country.

[0012] Xylanase can degrade hemicellulose to produce xylooligosaccharides. These xylooligosaccharides can act as prebiotics, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacteria in the gut and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, xylooligosaccharides are water-soluble dietary fiber and possess some of the physiological functions of dietary fiber, including promoting intestinal motility and stimulating the body's immune function. The market size for xylooligosaccharide prebiotics is projected to reach $1.3 billion by 2025.

[0013] Ferulic acid esterase can degrade hemicellulose to produce ferulic acid, a high-value small molecule acid compound with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and lipid-lowering effects. Its current market price is $180 / kg.

[0014] Furthermore, the compound microbial agents include Bacillus spheroides, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactic acid bacteria, and Aspergillus oryzae.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: the synergistic effect of the above strains can further improve the quality of feed and the feeding effect, and reduce the emission of harmful gases.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of each bacteria was 1:1:1:1:1:1-1.2:1-1.1:1 (W / W), with the effective counts of Bacillus spheroidae, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus being 1×10⁻⁶. 6 -1×10 8 cfu / g; Aspergillus oryzae spore count 1×10 6 -1×10 8 Bacillus spheroides, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactic acid bacteria, and Aspergillus oryzae can all be used as solid microbial agents.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: using the above proportions can further improve feed quality and feeding efficiency, and reduce the emission of harmful gases. *Aspergillus oryzae* plays an important role in feed fermentation. *Aspergillus oryzae* belongs to the genus *Aspergillus* and is an aerobic bacterium. Its mycelia are generally yellowish-green, later turning yellowish-brown. Conidiophores grow on thick-walled cells, and conidia are smooth and spherical. Its optimal growth temperature is around 37℃. Colonies grow rapidly, have a loose texture, and readily produce conidia. Solid-state culture can be used to cultivate *Aspergillus oryzae*. Furthermore, *Aspergillus oryzae* is a strain that produces complex enzymes; in addition to proteases, it can also produce amylase, saccharifying enzymes, cellulases, phytases, etc., which can cleave large organic molecules and insoluble inorganic substances. Under the action of proteases, large, indigestible protein molecules can be degraded into peptones, polypeptides, and various amino acids; under the action of amylases, straight-chain and amylopectin in raw materials can be degraded into dextrins and various low-molecular-weight sugars, such as maltose and glucose; moreover, it can degrade poorly absorbed substances such as crude fiber and phytic acid, improving nutrition and digestibility. An unexpected discovery during the research of this invention was that combining Aspergillus oryzae with other strains has a synergistic effect, which can further improve the quality of the prepared feed.

[0018] Furthermore, the enzyme activity of the bifunctional enzyme preparation is as follows, under the conditions of pH 7 and temperature 50°C: xylanase with wheat arabinosylxylan (WAX) as substrate has a specific activity of 40-55 U / mg; ferulic acid esterase with methyl ferulic acid (MSA) as substrate has a specific activity of 10.1-14 U / mg.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solutions include: xylanase can degrade hemicellulose to produce xylooligosaccharides, which can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacteria in the intestine and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Simultaneously, xylooligosaccharides are water-soluble dietary fibers and possess some of the physiological functions of dietary fiber, including promoting intestinal peristalsis and stimulating the body's immune function. Ferulic acid enzyme can degrade hemicellulose to produce ferulic acid, a high-value small-molecule acid compound with antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and lipid-lowering effects; its current market price is US$180 / kg.

[0020] Furthermore, prior to enzymatic fermentation, the process includes adding a modifier to the material derived from the leftover food according to the nutritional composition of the leftover food, and the resulting mixture is the enzymatic fermentation substrate.

[0021] Furthermore, by adding adjusting materials, the indicators of the prepared table waste food feed include: crude protein content ≥12%, crude fiber ≤11%, crude ash ≤7%, crude fat ≥10%, moisture ≤12%, water-soluble chloride 0.8%-1.8%, acid value ≤7mg / g, and volatile basic nitrogen ≤100mg / 100g.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: by adding conditioning materials, it is easier to make the prepared feed meet the standards and improve the effect of fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis.

[0023] Furthermore, the adjusting material includes one or a mixture of several of the following: corn husk, corn cob, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, and corn germ meal.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: the above raw materials are easy to obtain and widely available, and corn husks, corn cobs, etc. contain more xylan, while wheat bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, corn germ meal, etc. contain more ferulic acid. The addition of the adjusting material effectively improves the fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis effect of the enzyme-bacterial compound.

[0025] Furthermore, the compound bacterial agent is added at a rate of 0.8-1.0 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate, and the bifunctional enzyme preparation is added at a rate of 0.5-1.0 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: using the above-mentioned compound microbial agent in combination with bifunctional enzyme preparation can improve the effect of enzymatic fermentation, thereby further improving the quality of feed and the feeding effect, and reducing the emission of harmful gases.

[0027] Furthermore, two kilograms of allicin are added to each ton of feed.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: Allicin has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting or killing various cocci, bacilli, fungi, and viruses. It has a pleasant aroma, eliminating unpleasant tastes from drugs and other substances in feed, significantly improving feed palatability and increasing animal feed intake. Reports indicate that many animals, especially fish and poultry, prefer the smell of allicin; therefore, allicin can stimulate animals' sense of smell and taste, increasing their appetite and feed intake. It has the function of activating cell membranes in glycolipid tissues, accelerating cell metabolism, enhancing vitality, and strengthening the body's immunity. Allicin also has an immunomodulatory effect, increasing the function of macrophages and lymphocytes.

[0029] This invention provides a feed made from leftover food from the dining table, prepared using the above-described method.

[0030] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: the above steps can ensure the quality of feed and help obtain feed products that meet industry standards.

[0031] This invention provides the application of the feed prepared by the above preparation method in any one of (1) to (9).

[0032] (1) Improve animal growth performance or feeding quality;

[0033] (2) Increase the nutritional content of animals or animal products;

[0034] (3) Reduce the content of harmful gases in the animal husbandry environment;

[0035] (4) Promotes intestinal peristalsis in animals;

[0036] (5) Stimulates the animal's immune function;

[0037] (6) Antioxidant;

[0038] (7) Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory;

[0039] (8) Anti-cancer;

[0040] (9) Lowering blood lipids.

[0041] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution include: by feeding animals with the feed provided by the present invention, the growth performance of animals can be improved, the feeding quality of animal products can be improved, the nutritional content can be increased, and the content of harmful gases can be effectively reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 The image shows the appearance of the feed prepared in Example 1.

[0043] Figure 2The results of two-dimensional protein electrophoresis were obtained to detect proteins in the material before and after fermentation.

[0044] Figure 3 To investigate the effect of the feed prepared in Example 1 on the growth performance of pigs.

[0045] Figure 4 The results show the glutamic acid content in pork from each treatment group. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0047] A method for preparing leftover food for animal feed includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) Premix after collecting leftover food from the table:

[0049] Mixing and proportioning of raw materials: The nutritional composition of leftover food from the table is tested, and adjusting materials are added according to the test results to obtain materials with a proportion that meets the standard; then the materials are premixed and loaded into the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder.

[0050] The conditioning material may include corn husks, corn cobs, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, corn germ meal, etc.

[0051] The nutritional composition of leftover food is tested, including crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, crude fat, moisture, water-soluble chloride, acid value, and volatile basic nitrogen. The testing methods are GB / T6432 for crude protein, GB / T6434 for crude fiber, GB / T6438 for crude ash, GB / T6433 for crude fat, GB / T6435 for moisture, GB / T6439 for water-soluble chloride, and GB5009.229 for acid value. The testing method for volatile basic nitrogen is based on "Determination of Volatile Basic Nitrogen in Feed Companies," available at https: / / wenku.baidu.com / view / 93b3b4c5f6ec4afe04a1b0717fd5360cbb1a8d51.html.

[0052] To ensure product standardization and consistency, the requirements for feed indicators for leftover food from the dining table include: crude protein content ≥12%, crude fiber ≤11%, crude ash ≤7%, crude fat ≥10%, moisture ≤12%, water-soluble chloride 0.8%-1.8%, acid value (KOH) ≤7mg / g, and volatile basic nitrogen ≤100mg / 100g.

[0053] Taking corn husks (Grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content in corn husks is ≥8%, crude fiber is <14.5%, crude ash is <1.5%, and crude fat is <4.0%. Adjusters can be added according to the following ratio: for every 2300-2400 kg of leftover food per table, add 600-700 kg of corn husks.

[0054] Taking corn cob (grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content in corn cob is ≥2.1%, crude fiber is <32.5%, and crude ash is <1.5%. Adjustment materials can be added according to the following ratio: for every 2200kg of leftover food per table, add 600kg of corn cob adjustment material.

[0055] Taking wheat bran (grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content in wheat bran is ≥14-16.5%, crude fiber is <3%, crude ash is <2%, and crude fat is <4.0%. Adjusters can be added according to the following ratio: for every 2200kg of leftover food per table, add 400kg of wheat bran as an adjustment.

[0056] Taking cottonseed meal (grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content is ≥41%, crude fiber content is <10.0%, and crude ash content is <6%. Adjusters can be added according to the following ratio: 600 kg of cottonseed meal for every 2200 kg of leftover food per meal.

[0057] Taking rapeseed meal (Grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content in rapeseed meal is ≥37.0%, crude fiber is <14.0%, crude ash is <12.0%, and crude fat is <10.0%. Adjusters can be added according to the following ratio: for every 2200kg of leftover food per table, add 600kg of rapeseed meal.

[0058] Taking soybean meal (grade 1) as an example, the crude protein content is ≥46.0%, crude fiber is <5.0%, crude ash is <12.0%, and crude fat is <6.0%. Adjusters can be added according to the following ratio: for every 2200kg of leftover food per meal, add 300kg of soybean meal.

[0059] (2) Sterilization:

[0060] Heating and stirring: The material is rotated and stirred while 120℃ high-temperature steam is introduced to heat the material at high temperature and sterilize it.

[0061] Heat preservation and sterilization: After heating, control the temperature inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to maintain between 100-105℃, set the sterilization time to 10-40 minutes, and sterilize the material.

[0062] Vacuum cooling: Activate the vacuum equipment to rapidly cool the solid slag, controlling the temperature inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to maintain at approximately 60℃; (time control is based on a thermometer).

[0063] (3) Enzymatic fermentation:

[0064] Air is introduced into the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder until atmospheric pressure (standard atmospheric pressure) is reached. Enzyme-bacterial compound is added to the material in proportion. The enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation time is 6-10 hours and the enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation temperature is about 60℃ (it can be 45-60℃).

[0065] Enzyme-bacterial complexes include compound bacterial agents and bifunctional enzyme preparations;

[0066] The compound microbial agent includes *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae*, in a ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1-1.2:1-1.1:1 (W / W). *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae* can all be in solid form. The effective bacterial counts of *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae* are each 1×10⁻⁶. 6 -1×10 8 cfu / g; Aspergillus oryzae spore count 1×10 6 -1×10 8 pcs / g;

[0067] The compound microbial agent is added at a rate of 0.8-1.0 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate, which is the sum of solid residue from food waste and conditioning materials.

[0068] The bifunctional enzyme preparation contains a bifunctional enzyme with xylanase and ferulic acid esterase activities. The preparation method of this bifunctional enzyme is recorded in the invention patent with patent number ZL201910088638.8 (Invention title: A bifunctional enzyme with xylan and ferulic acid ester activities, its encoding gene and application; Authorization announcement date: May 24, 2022); the addition amount of the bifunctional enzyme preparation is 0.5-1.0 kg of enzyme preparation per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate; the fermentation substrate is the sum of solid residue from table waste and conditioning materials;

[0069] (4) Drying: Stop the air supply, vacuum the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder, and heat the enzymatically fermented material at 60-70℃ until the set material moisture content value is reached (e.g., dry to a moisture content of less than 12%).

[0070] (5) Discharge screening: Depressurize, wait for the pressure inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to reach the standard atmospheric pressure, open the discharge channel to discharge the material, and enter the subsequent process (such as screening) to obtain feed;

[0071] (6) Add two kilograms of allicin per ton of feed.

[0072] Instructions for use: The above feed can be used to feed animals, either alone or as a supplement in the form of compound feed.

[0073] For example, it can be used to feed pigs. Taking pigs weighing over 15kg as an example, the dosage in the compound feed can be 3-45%, preferably 5-25%. It can be used for poultry feeding, suitable for meat poultry, laying hens, etc., and the dosage in the compound feed can be 3-25%, preferably 5-15%. It can be used for aquatic animal feeding. Taking aquatic animals weighing over 10g as an example, the dosage in the compound feed can be 2-15%. It can also be used for fur-bearing animal feeding, such as rabbits, foxes, raccoon dogs, etc., and the dosage in the compound feed can be 3-15%.

[0074] Unless otherwise specified, the materials used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional experimental materials in the field, which can be prepared by conventional methods or obtained commercially.

[0075] Unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the embodiments of this invention are conventional experimental methods in the art.

[0076] The following is a description through specific embodiments.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] The adjusting material is corn husk.

[0079] A method for preparing feed from leftover food from the dining table includes the following steps:

[0080] (1) Premix after collecting leftover food from the table:

[0081] Mixing and proportioning of raw materials: The nutritional composition of leftover food is tested, and corn husks are added as an adjusting material based on the test results. The weight ratio of leftover food to corn husks is 2300:700, resulting in a material with a standard proportion. Then, the material is premixed and loaded into the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder.

[0082] (2) Sterilization:

[0083] Heating and stirring: The material is rotated and stirred while 120℃ high-temperature steam is introduced to heat the material at high temperature and sterilize it.

[0084] Heat preservation and sterilization: After heating, control the temperature inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to maintain between 100-105℃, set the sterilization time to 20 minutes, and sterilize the material.

[0085] Vacuum cooling: Start the vacuum equipment to quickly vacuum and cool the solid slag, and control the temperature inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to maintain at 60℃.

[0086] (3) Enzymatic fermentation:

[0087] Air is introduced into the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder until atmospheric pressure (standard atmospheric pressure) is reached. Enzyme-bacterial compound is added to the material in proportion. The enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation time is 8 hours and the enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation temperature is 50℃.

[0088] The compound microbial agent includes *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae*. The addition ratio of *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae* is 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 (W / W). *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae* are all solid microbial agents. The effective bacterial counts of *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, and lactic acid bacteria are each 1×10⁻⁶. 6 -1×10 8 cfu / g; Aspergillus oryzae spore count 1×10 6 -1×10 8 per g.

[0089] The bifunctional enzyme preparation contains a bifunctional enzyme with xylanase and ferulic acid esterase activities. The preparation method of the bifunctional enzyme is recorded in the invention patent with patent number ZL201910088638.8 (Invention title: A bifunctional enzyme with xylan and ferulic acid ester activities, its encoding gene and application; Authorization announcement date: May 24, 2022).

[0090] The compound microbial agent is added at a rate of 0.9 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate, and the bifunctional enzyme preparation is added at a rate of 0.8 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate; the fermentation substrate is the sum of solid residue from food waste and conditioning materials.

[0091] (4) Drying: Stop the air supply, vacuum the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder, and heat the material at 65°C until the moisture content is below 12%.

[0092] (5) Discharge screening: Depressurize and wait for the pressure inside the enzymatic hydrolysis cylinder to reach the standard atmospheric pressure before opening the discharge channel to unload and screen the material.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] The feed material was corn cob, and the weight ratio of leftover food to corn cob was 2200:600. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] The adjusting material was wheat bran, and the weight ratio of leftover food to wheat bran was 2200:400. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0097] Example 4

[0098] The feedstock was cottonseed meal, and the weight ratio of leftover food to cottonseed meal was 2200:600. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0099] Example 5

[0100] The adjusting material was rapeseed meal, and the weight ratio of leftover food to rapeseed meal was 2200:600. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0101] Example 6

[0102] The adjusting material was soybean meal, and the weight ratio of leftover food to soybean meal was 2200:300. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0103] Comparative Example 1

[0104] Based on Example 1, the enzyme-bacterial compound was adjusted to include only the compound bacterial agent and no bifunctional enzyme preparation. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0105] Comparative Example 2

[0106] Based on Example 1, the enzyme-bacterial compound was adjusted to include only a bifunctional enzyme preparation without the addition of a compound bacterial agent. Everything else remained the same as in Example 1.

[0107] Comparative Example 3

[0108] Based on Example 1, the bifunctional enzyme preparation was modified to xylanase. Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 4

[0110] Based on Example 1, the compound microbial agent is made without Aspergillus oryzae. Everything else is the same as in Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 5

[0112] Based on Example 1, the proportions of each bacteria in the compound bacterial agent were adjusted to "Bacillus spheroides, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactic acid bacteria, and Aspergillus oryzae in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:0.5 (w / w)". Everything else remained the same as in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 6

[0114] Based on Example 1, the proportions of each bacteria in the compound bacterial agent were adjusted to "Bacillus spheroides, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactic acid bacteria, and Aspergillus oryzae in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:2 (w / w)". Everything else was the same as in Example 1.

[0115] The feeds prepared in Examples 1 to 6 are in the form of flakes or powder, without clumping or insect infestation, and are light yellow to yellowish-brown in color. Figure 1 The image shows the appearance of the feed prepared in Example 1. It has a yeasty aroma, no moldy or rancid odors, ≤5% of the material on an 8-mesh sieve, and a coefficient of variation (CV) of ≤7% for uniformity of mixing, which meets the GB13078 feed hygiene standard.

[0116] The nutritional composition of the prepared feed (all percentages by mass) is as follows: crude protein 16% ± 2.5%, crude fat 11% ± 1.5%, crude fiber 10% ± 2%, and ash 5.5% ± 1.5%. Total arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, lead, DDT, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and Salmonella were not detected.

[0117] The following experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness and safety of the feed provided by this invention.

[0118] I. Experiment to detect the conversion of small peptides

[0119] The materials before and after enzymatic hydrolysis fermentation in Example 1 were selected as samples. Two-dimensional protein electrophoresis was used to detect the protein content in the materials before and after fermentation. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the left side shows the results before enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, and the right side shows the results after enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Figure 2 As can be seen, through the synergistic effect of bacteria and enzymes, large molecular proteins can be broken down into low molecular weight bioactive peptides, and long-chain cellulose can be broken down into low molecular weight oligosaccharides.

[0120] The feed prepared by this invention has a high concentration of live bacteria and is rich in bioenzymes, marine-derived small peptides, plant-derived small peptides, oligosaccharides, and immune-enhancing factors. The animal and plant proteins from leftover food undergoing microaerophilic enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are completely converted into easily absorbed small-molecule proteins and peptides.

[0121] II. Acid Resistance Test

[0122] Prepare the culture medium: 10g peptone, 5g yeast powder, 5g beef extract, 5g glucose (no need to sterilize separately), 2.5g sodium chloride (NaCl), 0.15g calcium chloride (CaCl2), 0.1g manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4·H2O), 0.5g tomato powder, 20g agar, and 1000mL distilled water.

[0123] The prepared liquid culture medium was dispensed into 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks, with 100mL dispensed into each flask. After dispensing, the culture medium was acid-base adjusted with 70% HCl and 30% NaOH to a pH of 2.0, and then sterilized at 121℃ for 30min.

[0124] The feeds prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were inoculated into the culture medium at an inoculation rate of 2%, and cultured on a shaker (37°C, 180 r / min) for 12 h. The viable count was then detected.

[0125] The experimental results are shown in Table 1. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the total number of bacteria in the feed provided by the present invention is significantly increased, indicating that the feed provided by the present invention has better acid resistance.

[0126] Table 1 Results of acid resistance test

[0127] Total bacterial count (cfu / g) Total number of Bacillus subtilis (cfu / g) Example 1 Before processing <![CDATA[2.22×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[7.24×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[3.67×10 8 ]]> <![CDATA[7.90×10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 1 Before processing <![CDATA[3.10×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[5.20×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[1.02×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[2.61×10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 2 Before processing <![CDATA[1.71×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[1.37×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[2.43×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[6.01×10 3 ]]> Comparative Example 3 Before processing <![CDATA[8.84×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[4.48×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[5.53×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[1.96×10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 4 Before processing <![CDATA[2.67×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[3.33×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[9.2×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[2.61×10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 5 Before processing <![CDATA[3.6×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[4.56×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[2.5×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[5.60×10 4 ]]> Comparative Example 6 Before processing <![CDATA[2.22×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[1.16×10 4 ]]> After processing <![CDATA[9.72×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[9.88×10 3 ]]>

[0128] III. Feeding Effect Experiment

[0129] (I) Pig farming

[0130] At a breeding center in Beijing, three-way crossbred piglets weighing 25-30 kg were used as experimental animals and fed for 127 days. Different experimental treatment gradients (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%) were set up for the addition of the feed prepared in Example 1. The specific formulas are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Each experimental gradient was set up with 6 replicates, and 6 pigs were set up in each replicate.

[0131] Table 2. Basal Diet and Nutrient Levels at Growth Stages

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Table 3. Basal Diets and Nutrient Levels During the Fattening Stage

[0135]

[0136] The results of adding different proportions of the feed prepared in Example 1 to the pig growth performance are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The first stage refers to the growth stage, and the second stage is the fattening stage. From... Figure 3It can be seen that during the growth stage, a 5% addition yields the best weight gain; during the fattening stage, a 5-25% addition results in a higher daily weight gain; regardless of the growth or fattening stage, a 5-25% addition helps reduce the feed conversion ratio; during the growth stage, a 5-25% addition helps reduce meat production costs, and during the fattening stage, a 5-35% addition helps reduce meat production costs. This demonstrates that using the feed provided by this invention can increase average daily weight gain, reduce the feed conversion ratio, and lower meat production costs.

[0137] The effects of adding different proportions of the feed prepared in Example 1 on the blood parameters (white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and platelet count) of pigs were detected at 0d, 45d, and 90d. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the physiological parameters in the blood of the groups fed with the feed prepared in Example 1, and there were no significant changes in the biochemical indicators of liver and kidney metabolic function. The feed did not affect the immune system, hematopoietic system, or metabolic system of the experimental animals.

[0138] The organs and tissues of the animals in each experimental group, including the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, duodenum, lymph nodes, stomach, and pancreas, were dissected and observed to detect the effects of adding different proportions of the feed provided by this invention on the pig's organs. The results showed that after feeding with the feed provided by this invention, the major organs of the experimental animals developed well, exhibited normal morphology and structure, and showed no abnormal changes. No abnormal inflammation or tumors were observed in the tissues. Therefore, the feed provided by this invention did not cause pathological harm to the function of the pig's organs.

[0139] The effect of adding the feed provided by this invention on slaughter performance was investigated. The results showed that the 5% treatment group (70.51% slaughter rate), 15% treatment group (72.16% slaughter rate), and 25% treatment group (70.45% slaughter rate) all had better slaughter rates than the control group (69.36%), indicating that the feed provided by this invention helps to improve slaughter rate.

[0140] The content of essential nutrients in pork in different treatment groups was detected, and the experimental results are shown in Table 4 and 5. Figure 4 .

[0141] Figure 4 The content of glutamic acid in pork in each treatment group (unit: g, content per 100g of pork) is calculated from... Figure 4 It can be seen that adding the feed provided by this invention is beneficial to increasing the glutamic acid content in pork. The effect is better when the addition amount is 5%-45%, and the effect is best when the addition amount is 25%.

[0142] Table 4 shows the test results of the basic nutrient content in pork. As can be seen from Table 4, using the feed provided by this invention can increase the intramuscular fat percentage of pork, which helps to increase the content of protein and amino acids, and is beneficial to improving the quality of pork.

[0143] Table 4. Test results of basic nutrient content in pork (unit: g, content per 100g of pork)

[0144]

[0145] Using feed with an addition ratio of 15%, pigs were fed with feeds from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, respectively. The feeding methods were identical for all groups. The results of the basic nutrient content detection in the pork are shown in Table 5. Table 5 shows that after feeding with the feed provided by this invention, the content of nutrients such as protein, amino acids, and glutamic acid in the pork was higher than in the comparative examples.

[0146] Table 5. Test results of basic nutrient content in pork from the examples and comparative examples (unit: g, content per 100g of pork).

[0147]

[0148] After feeding with the feed prepared according to this invention, no harmful heavy metals such as total arsenic, lead, cadmium, and phosmet were detected in the pork produced. No harmful microorganisms such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were also detected. This indicates that pork products produced by feeding with the feed provided by this invention meet hygiene and safety requirements and food safety standards.

[0149] The harmful gases produced by different treatment groups were detected. The results showed that the release of NH3 after adding the feed provided by the present invention was lower than that of the control group; the release of H2S after adding the feed provided by the present invention was lower than that of the control group.

[0150] Compared with the comparative examples, the amount of NH3 released after adding the feed provided by the present invention was lower than the amount of NH3 released in the comparative examples; the amount of H2S released after adding the feed provided by the present invention was also lower than the amount of H2S released in the comparative examples.

[0151] Table 6. Detection results of NH3 and H2S release amounts.

[0152] <![CDATA[Release amount of NH3 (mg / m 3 )]]> <![CDATA[Release amount of H2S (mg / m 3 )]]> control group 12.82 17.88 Example 1 (5% treatment group) 7.74 11.96 Example 1 (15% treatment group) 7.17 11.72 Example 1 (25% treatment group) 6.74 10.11 Example 1 (35% treatment group) 6.44 9.72 Example 1 (45% treatment group) 6.24 9.57 Comparative Example 1 (15% treatment group) 12.55 17.72 Comparative Example 2 (15% treatment group) 10.22 15.26 Comparative Example 3 (15% treatment group) 10.66 13.68 Comparative Example 4 (15% treatment group) 11.09 13.72 Comparative Example 5 (15% treatment group) 9.15 12.02 Comparative Example 6 (15% treatment group) 8.00 14.16

[0153] (II) Chicken Farming

[0154] At Shuangyin Poultry Farm in Pinggu District, Beijing, Hy-Line Brown laying hens (peak and late laying periods) were used as experimental animals and raised for 90 days. The feed provided by this invention was added in six experimental gradients (0%, 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%). The basal diet and nutritional standards for each group are shown in Table 7. Each experimental gradient had six replicates, with 15 chickens per replicate.

[0155] Table 7. Basal diets and nutritional standards (%) for laying hens in different treatment groups

[0156]

[0157] Dissection and observation of the heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and other organs of the animals in each group revealed that all organs were well-developed, with normal structure and function, and no lesions. Blood physiological and biochemical indicators were tested in each group, including white blood cell count, neutrophil count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, blood glucose, albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and cholesterol. The results showed no significant differences in blood physiological and biochemical indicators among the groups. These results indicate that the feed provided by this invention has not affected the physiological health of chickens.

[0158] 1. The egg production performance of hens during peak laying period was investigated. Results showed that, during peak laying period, in terms of egg production rate, the 5% treatment group (95.38%) had a higher egg production rate than the control group (94.32%). Regarding the feed conversion ratio (FCR), the 5% treatment group (1.87) had a lower FCR than the control group (1.88). In terms of egg production cost, the 5% treatment group (3.970), 15% treatment group (3.884), 25% treatment group (3.920), and 35% treatment group (3.939) all had lower egg production costs than the control group (4.076). Considering all factors, the appropriate addition level of the feed provided by this invention during peak laying period is 5%-25%.

[0159] 2. The effects on egg production performance in the later stages of laying were investigated. Results showed that, in terms of egg production rate, in the later stages of laying, the egg production rates of the 5% treatment group (72.23%), 15% treatment group (74.59%), 25% treatment group (70.45%), 35% treatment group (70.44%), and 45% treatment group (70.46%) were all higher than that of the control group (66.78%), with the 15% treatment group having the highest egg production rate. Regarding the feed conversion ratio, in the later stages of laying, the feed conversion ratios of the 5% treatment group (2.46) and 15% treatment group (2.42) were lower than that of the control group (2.49), with the 15% treatment group having the lowest. Regarding mortality rate, the mortality rates of the 5% treatment group (4.44%), 15% treatment group (1.11%), 25% treatment group (4.44%), 35% treatment group (3.33%), and 45% treatment group (0%) were all lower than that of the control group (21.11%). Regarding egg production cost, the egg production costs of the 5% treatment group (5.19), 15% treatment group (4.95), 25% treatment group (5.13), 35% treatment group (5.15), and 45% treatment group (5.00) were all lower than that of the control group (5.39). Considering the egg production rate, feed conversion ratio, egg production cost, and mortality rate, the appropriate feed addition level provided by this invention is 5%-25%.

[0160] The total arsenic, lead, cadmium, and phosmet were tested for heavy metals and harmful substances. In all treatment groups, these heavy metals and harmful substances were not detected.

[0161] The nutritional content of eggs from each treatment group was analyzed. The results showed that, in terms of protein (g / 100g), the protein content of the 15% treatment group (13.5±0.97), 25% treatment group (13.4±1.34), 35% treatment group (13.4±1.60), and 45% treatment group (13.6±0.84) was higher than that of the control group (13.2±1.29).

[0162] Regarding vitamin A (mg / 100g), the vitamin A content in the 5% treatment group (0.175±0.028) was higher than that in the control group (0.199±0.015).

[0163] Regarding vitamin E (mg / 100g), the vitamin E content in the 5% treatment group (1.260±0.204), 25% treatment group (1.140±0.026), and 35% treatment group (1.280±0.152) was higher than that in the control group (0.710±0.051).

[0164] A 60-day feeding trial was conducted on 600 Hy-Line Brown laying hens raised by the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The feed prepared according to this invention (at a ratio of 10%) was added to the laying hen's diet. Compared to the diet without this invention, the addition of this feed significantly improved egg yolk color and increased the Haugh unit of the eggs. The average values ​​of the four trials were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). This indicates that the feed provided by this invention has an enhancing effect on egg Haugh unit and yolk color.

[0165] In the breeding and production of free-range chickens, the feed prepared in Example 1 of this invention (addition amount of 10%), the feed without the addition of this invention, and the feed prepared in Comparative Examples 1-6 (addition amount of 10%) were used to feed laying hens. The contents of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and lecithin in the egg yolks, as well as the contents of NH3 and CO2 in the chicken house, were tested.

[0166] The results showed that feeding with the feed prepared according to this invention significantly increased the content of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and lecithin in egg yolks, and significantly reduced cholesterol. The content of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and lecithin in egg yolks was more than twice that of eggs obtained without the feed provided by this invention. In the chicken house environment, compared with other groups, feeding with the feed provided by this invention significantly reduced the content of NH3 and CO2, with NH3 content at 7.0 ppm and CO2 content at 2100 ppm. Compared with feeding without the feed provided by this invention, feeding with the feed provided by this invention reduced NH3 content by 65% ​​and CO2 content by 16%. This indicates that feeding with the feed provided by this invention can improve the nutritional composition of egg products, suppress foul odors in animal houses, and reduce the concentration of harmful gases such as ammonia in animal houses.

[0167] (III) Raising Ducks

[0168] Control group: Cherry Valley ducklings were fed a balanced diet without the addition of the feed prepared in this invention.

[0169] Treatment group: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared in Example 1 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0170] Comparative Group 1: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared by Comparative Example 1 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0171] Comparative Group 2: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0172] Comparative Group 3: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared in Comparative Example 3 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0173] Comparative Group 4: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared in Comparative Example 4 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0174] Comparative Group 5: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared by Comparative Example 5 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0175] Comparative Group 6: Cherry Valley broiler ducks were fed with the feed prepared by Comparative Example 6 of the present invention (added at 10% of the balanced diet).

[0176] All groups were fed the same way. Table 11 shows the various indicators of the economic benefits of Cherry Valley duck farming.

[0177] Effects on the flavor of Cherry Valley duck meat: After 28 days of feeding, compared with other groups, the feed of this invention resulted in increased weight, decreased feed conversion ratio, increased protein content, increased moisture content, and decreased thawing water loss. This indicates that feeding with the feed prepared according to this invention can improve feed conversion rate, significantly enhance the flavor and aroma substances in duck meat, increase tenderness, increase intramuscular fat content, and significantly improve the moisture content, tenderness, and aroma of the meat, thus producing antibiotic-free roasted duck carcasses with better quality and taste. When fed with the feed prepared according to this invention, 18 aromatic aldehydes were detected in the duck meat, more than the number detected in the control groups, indicating a better flavor. When fed with the feed prepared according to this invention, the intramuscular fat content in the leg muscles of 42-day-old ducks reached 6.02%, and the intramuscular fat content in the breast muscles reached 5.08%, with the intramuscular fat evenly distributed between muscle fibers. Compared with other groups, the feed prepared according to this invention resulted in a more pronounced marbling pattern.

[0178] Impact on pollutant preparation: Compared with other groups, when ducks were fed with the feed of this invention, the concentrations of harmful gases (NH3 concentration, CO2 concentration) and water quality indicators (COD value, NH4) in the duck house were significantly lower. + Concentrations of phosphorus and other phosphorus compounds were significantly reduced, and the pH changed from acidic to near neutral. This indicates that feeding ducks with the feed provided by this invention can significantly reduce unpleasant odors in duck houses, improve the gaseous environment of duck farms, and reduce the incidence of respiratory diseases by regulating the digestive and absorptive functions of meat ducks.

[0179] The above experimental data, through measurable data indicators, demonstrate the biological efficacy of the feed prepared by this invention.

[0180] Table 11 Indicators of Cherry Valley Duck Farming Benefits

[0181]

[0182] Feeding animals with the feed of this invention can replenish beneficial bacteria, inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, and maintain the optimal balance of the intestinal micro-ecosystem in livestock and poultry. Probiotics are excellent immune activators, effectively enhancing the activity of interferon and macrophages, promoting antibody production by B cells, and increasing the activity of bacteriophages. The peptidoglycans present on their cell walls can stimulate intestinal immune cells, increasing local immune antibodies and thus improving animal disease resistance. Beneficial microorganisms can produce various digestive enzymes, vitamins, organic acids, and growth factors, promoting feed digestion, absorption, and utilization, and improving production performance. The Bacillus subtilis in probiotics, rich in amino oxidases and sulfide-decomposing enzymes produced in the large intestine, can completely oxidize odor-causing indole compounds into odorless, non-toxic, and pollution-free substances. Simultaneously, enzymes beneficial for ammonia metabolism can reduce blood ammonia concentration, decrease fecal odor, improve indoor air quality, and reduce environmental pollution. It can effectively reduce ammonia concentration in duck houses, inhibit fecal odor, reduce fly and maggot breeding, and improve the breeding environment.

[0183] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing leftover food as animal feed, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Materials derived from leftover food from the dining table are sterilized; Before enzymatic fermentation, the process also includes adding a modifier to the material derived from the leftover food according to the nutritional composition of the leftover food, and the resulting mixture is the enzymatic fermentation substrate. The conditioning material includes one or a mixture of several of the following: corn husk, corn cob, wheat bran, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, soybean meal, and corn germ meal. Enzymatic fermentation of sterilized materials is carried out using an enzyme-bacterial compound. The enzyme-bacterial compound comprises a compound microbial agent and a bifunctional enzyme preparation. The compound microbial agent includes *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, lactic acid bacteria, and *Aspergillus oryzae*, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1-1.2:1-1.1:

1. The effective bacterial counts of *Bacillus spheroides*, *Bacillus amyloliquefaciens*, *Bacillus laterosporus*, *Bacillus pumilus*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, and lactic acid bacteria are each 1×10⁻⁶. 6 -1×10 8 cfu / g; Aspergillus oryzae spore count 1×10 6 -1×10 8 pcs / g; The compound microbial agent is added at a rate of 0.8-1.0 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate, and the bifunctional enzyme preparation is added at a rate of 0.5-1.0 kg per ton of enzymatic fermentation substrate. The bifunctional enzyme is a bifunctional enzyme with xylanase and ferulic acid esterase activities; The materials after enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are dried; and, The dried material is then screened and discharged to obtain feed.

2. The method for preparing leftover food as animal feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enzyme activity of the bifunctional enzyme preparation is as follows, under the conditions of pH 7 and temperature 50℃: xylanase with wheat arabinosylxylan as substrate has a specific activity of 40-55 U / mg; ferulic acid esterase with methyl ferulic acid as substrate has a specific activity of 10.1-14 U / mg.

3. The method for preparing leftover food as animal feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indicators of the leftover food feed prepared by adding conditioning materials meet the following requirements: crude protein content ≥12%, crude fiber ≤11%, crude ash ≤7%, crude fat ≥10%, moisture ≤12%, water-soluble chloride 0.8%-1.8%, acid value ≤7mg / g, and volatile basic nitrogen ≤100mg / 100g.

4. The method for preparing leftover food for animal feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Add two kilograms of allicin to each ton of feed.

5. A feed made from leftover food from the dining table, characterized in that, Feed prepared by any one of claims 1-4.

6. The use of the feed prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-4 in any one of (1) to (3), (1) Improve animal growth performance or feeding quality; (2) Increase the nutritional content of animals or animal products; (3) Reduce the content of harmful gases in the animal husbandry environment.

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