An apparatus and method for simulating non-homogeneous reservoir perforation temporary plugging

Abstract

The application provides a device for simulating perforation temporary plugging in a heterogeneous reservoir, which comprises: a perforation temporary plugging model for simulating a heterogeneous reservoir with different permeability; a perforation model arranged in the perforation temporary plugging model for simulating a perforation in the heterogeneous reservoir; a releasing device for releasing a carrying liquid containing a temporary plugging agent to the perforation temporary plugging model; and a pressure and flow detection device for detecting inlet end pressure data and outlet end flow data of the perforation temporary plugging model in a perforation temporary plugging process. The application solves the problem that the prior art cannot simulate the influence of reservoir heterogeneity on perforation temporary plugging, and provides a theoretical support for perforation temporary plugging design on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fracturing and production enhancement technology in oil and gas field development, specifically to a device and method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic fracturing is a crucial technology for unlocking the potential of deep, tight unconventional oil and gas reservoirs and achieving economical development. Due to the well-developed natural fractures and strong reservoir heterogeneity in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, traditional hydraulic fracturing produces small-volume single-major fractures with low efficiency in connecting natural fractures, making it impossible to achieve uniform and efficient stimulation of extremely thick layers (vertical wells) and long horizontal well sections (horizontal wells). Compared to traditional mechanical layered / segmented fracturing, which is time-consuming, difficult, risky, and costly, chemical temporary plugging is efficient, safe, and economical, and is gradually becoming the main layered / segmented method. Using temporary plugging materials is currently the most widely used and promising chemical temporary plugging method. This involves pumping in temporary plugging balls (or a mixture of temporary plugging balls and powder, particles, fibers, etc.) to seal the perforations, forcing subsequent fracturing fluid to redirect to the unstimulated area, thus achieving layered / segmented stimulation.

[0003] Existing technology (CN104963672A) discloses a reservoir stimulation method for forming a fracture network by temporarily plugging perforations with clean diverting materials. First, fracturing fluid / active fluid is injected into the formation to create fractures. Then, a carrier fluid containing temporary plugging material is injected into the fractures and corresponding perforations. Finally, fracturing fluid is used to replace the perforations, completing the segmented fracture network stimulation of the reservoir. Existing technology (CN110608019A) discloses a diverting stratified fracturing experimental simulation device and its usage method, which uses high-strength transparent material to simulate casing and perforations. The device can simulate and observe the dynamic plugging of perforations in real time. Existing technology (CN110887645A) discloses a shale gas horizontal well casing internal perforation temporary plugging ball seat sealing test device and test method. The casing has radially distributed perforation guide tubes in the circumferential direction, which can simulate the time, effectiveness, and pressure bearing capacity of the temporary plugging ball in sealing perforations under different temporary plugging ball particle sizes, displacement, and other conditions.

[0004] However, the existing technologies related to temporary plugging of boreholes mainly focus on the plugging process, the temporary plugging device, and the preparation method of the plugging agent. Although current temporary plugging devices can simulate the temporary plugging process and effect, none of them consider the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on the temporary plugging.

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a device and method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem that existing technologies cannot simulate the temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs, this invention provides a device for simulating the temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs, the device comprising:

[0007] The temporary plugging model for blast holes is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities;

[0008] A perforation model, which is set in the hole plugging model, is used to simulate perforations in heterogeneous reservoirs;

[0009] A release device for releasing a liquid containing a plugging agent into the hole plugging model;

[0010] A pressure and flow detection device is used to detect the inlet pressure data and outlet flow data of the blast hole temporary plugging model during the blast hole temporary plugging process.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the blast hole temporary plugging model includes, but is not limited to: a vertical well blast hole temporary plugging model, a horizontal well blast hole temporary plugging model, a highly deviated well blast hole temporary plugging model, a cluster well blast hole temporary plugging model, and a well factory blast hole temporary plugging model.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the borehole plugging model includes a wellbore simulation part and a heterogeneous reservoir simulation part. The wellbore simulation part is used to simulate a wellbore, and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities. The linking region between the wellbore simulation part and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is a mesh structure.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the heterogeneous reservoir simulation section includes a plurality of sequentially adjacent simulated reservoirs, each simulated reservoir having a different permeability, and the simulated reservoirs are separated by a mesh to simulate a separator.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the perforation model includes a plurality of simulated boreholes for simulating perforation boreholes, each simulated borehole corresponding to a simulated reservoir. The simulated boreholes are disposed within the simulated reservoir to simulate a heterogeneous reservoir with perforation boreholes.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the release device comprises:

[0016] Intermediate container, which is used to store the temporary plugging agent and carry the liquid;

[0017] A high-power pump, connected to the first end of the intermediate container, is used to pump the carrier liquid containing the temporary plugging agent to the blast hole temporary plugging model.

[0018] A large-size temporary plugging ball adding device, which is connected to the second end of the intermediate container, is used to add large-size temporary plugging balls to the carrier liquid containing the temporary plugging agent.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device includes:

[0020] A first valve is located at the second end of the intermediate container;

[0021] The second valve is located at the outlet end of the temporary plugging ball adding device;

[0022] The third valve is located at the inlet end of the temporary plugging model of the blast hole.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure and flow detection device comprises:

[0024] An inlet pressure measuring device is installed at the inlet end of the blast hole temporary plugging model to detect and obtain the inlet end pressure data of the blast hole temporary plugging model in real time during the blast hole temporary plugging process.

[0025] An outlet flow measurement device is installed at the outlet end of the blast hole temporary plugging model to detect and obtain the outlet flow data of the blast hole temporary plugging model in real time during the blast hole temporary plugging process.

[0026] According to another aspect of the invention, a method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs is also provided, performed by the apparatus described in any of the preceding claims, the method comprising the following steps:

[0027] The heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities were simulated using a temporary plugging model of the borehole;

[0028] The perforation model set in the perforation temporary plugging model is used to simulate the perforation in the heterogeneous reservoir.

[0029] The release device releases a liquid containing a plugging agent into the hole plugging model;

[0030] The pressure data at the inlet and the flow data at the outlet of the blast hole clogging model during the blast hole clogging process are obtained by detecting pressure and flow data using pressure and flow detection devices.

[0031] According to another aspect of the invention, a storage medium is also provided, which includes a series of instructions for performing the method steps described above.

[0032] This invention provides a device and method for simulating temporary plugging of perforated boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs. It can simulate heterogeneous reservoirs of various well types, offering a wide simulation range and good compatibility. It can simulate pressure and flow rate changes in heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities during temporary plugging, providing a theoretical basis for field plugging design. The device is simple, requiring no complex design to accurately simulate the temporary plugging process in heterogeneous reservoirs, and is low-cost and cost-effective. It solves the problem that existing technologies cannot simulate the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on temporary plugging of perforated boreholes, providing theoretical support for field temporary plugging design.

[0033] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in a heterogeneous reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a temporary plugging model for a vertical well borehole according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a horizontal well borehole temporary plugging model according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 4 The image shows a left view of the simulated wellbore portion in a vertical well borehole temporary plugging model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 The image shows a right view of the wellbore simulation portion in a vertical well borehole temporary plugging model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 The image shows a front view of the simulated wellbore portion in a horizontal well borehole temporary plugging model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 A top view of the wellbore simulation portion in a horizontal well borehole temporary plugging model according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0042] Figure 8 A flowchart of a method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in a heterogeneous reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0043] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the interlayer heterogeneity of a single-layer fracturing operation in a vertical well (A layer) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 The pressure and flow rate curves of a temporary plugging experiment in borehole A of a vertical well according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown.

[0045] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. Also, the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0046] The meanings of the reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1. High-power pump; 2. Intermediate container; 3. First valve; 4. Second valve; 5. Large-size temporary plugging ball adding device; 6. Inlet pressure measuring device; 7. Third valve; 8. Temporary plugging model for blast hole; 9. Perforation model; 10. First outlet flow measuring device; 11. Second outlet flow measuring device; 12. Third outlet flow measuring device; 13. First effluent collection device; 14. Second effluent collection device; 15. Third effluent collection device. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Prior art (CN104963672A) discloses an experimental device and method for evaluating the sealing effect of temporary plugging balls in perforated boreholes and temporary plugging agents in fractures. By setting perforation grooves and fracture grooves in the perforated fracture block, the flow of temporary plugging agents in the perforated boreholes and their temporary plugging effect in the fracture can be simulated simultaneously. Prior art (CN212837752U) discloses a surface simulation device for segmented fracturing and temporary plugging of perforated boreholes in horizontal wells. Twelve perforated boreholes are provided in the same phase direction of the casing. This device can simulate the sealing effect of temporary plugging agents of different sizes on the boreholes. Prior art (CN212621426U) discloses a simulation device for temporary plugging balls sealing boreholes. Symmetrical through holes are provided on the wellbore sidewall, and the boreholes are connected to the through holes. This device can simulate different displacement rates... The sealing effect of temporary plugging balls of different sizes on blast holes of different diameters; the prior art (CN110791267A) discloses a fiber product and its preparation method and application, as well as a method for temporarily plugging perforation blast holes. It discloses a fiber product composed of a fiber body and fiber filaments connected to the fiber body. The blast holes are hollow steel pipes of different sizes. In order to achieve effective sealing, the ratio of the number of fiber products to the number of blast holes is (1-5):1; the prior art (CN113150757A) discloses a high-strength degradable flexible knot blast hole plugging agent and its preparation and application methods. The high-strength degradable flexible knot is prepared by processing different polymer fibers in proportion. The width of the knot head is 0.8 to 1 times the diameter of the perforation blast hole.

[0049] However, the existing technologies related to temporary plugging of boreholes mainly focus on the plugging process, plugging devices, and preparation methods of the plugging agent. While current temporary plugging devices can simulate the process and effect of temporary plugging, none consider the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on the plugging. Therefore, to address the need for stimulation of heterogeneous reservoirs in very thick layers and long horizontal well sections, this invention proposes a set of equipment and application methods for simulating temporary plugging of heterogeneous reservoirs, providing support for shifting from temporary plugging to fracturing in the field.

[0050] For unconventional oil and gas reservoirs with well-developed natural fractures and strong reservoir heterogeneity, traditional hydraulic fracturing produces small-volume single-major fractures with low efficiency in connecting natural fractures, making it impossible to achieve uniform and efficient stimulation of thick, long horizontal well sections with strong heterogeneity. In view of this, temporary plugging and diversion fracturing technology has emerged. However, there is currently no equipment or method for evaluating the temporary plugging of perforations in heterogeneous reservoirs. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an equipment and method for simulating the temporary plugging of perforations in heterogeneous reservoirs, to solve the problem that existing technologies cannot simulate the temporary plugging of perforations in heterogeneous reservoirs.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in a heterogeneous reservoir, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0052] A device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs includes: a borehole plugging model 8, a perforation model 9, a release device, and a pressure and flow detection device.

[0053] The perforation plugging model 8 is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities. In one embodiment, the perforation plugging model 8 includes, but is not limited to: a vertical well perforation plugging model, a horizontal well perforation plugging model, a highly deviated well perforation plugging model, a cluster well perforation plugging model, and a well factory perforation plugging model, which are used to simulate the perforation plugging process of vertical wells, horizontal wells, highly deviated wells, cluster wells, and well factories, respectively.

[0054] In one embodiment, the borehole plugging model 8 includes a wellbore simulation part and a heterogeneous reservoir simulation part. The wellbore simulation part is used to simulate a wellbore, and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities. The linking region between the wellbore simulation part and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is a mesh structure.

[0055] In one embodiment, the heterogeneous reservoir simulation section includes a plurality of sequentially adjacent simulated reservoirs, each with a different permeability, and the simulated reservoirs are separated by a mesh to simulate interlayers.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the wellbore simulation section 8-1 is used to simulate a vertical wellbore and needs to be simulated according to the actual shape of the vertical wellbore. The heterogeneous reservoir simulation section includes a first permeability simulated reservoir 8-3, a second permeability simulated reservoir 8-4, and a third permeability simulated reservoir 8-5. Furthermore, the first permeability simulated reservoir 8-3, the second permeability simulated reservoir 8-4, and the third permeability simulated reservoir 8-5 are separated by a mesh 8-2 ​​to simulate interlayers.

[0057] Figure 3 The heterogeneous reservoir simulation part in the displayed horizontal well perforation plugging model is similar to... Figure 2The heterogeneous reservoir simulation part in the vertical well hole temporary plugging model shown has the same structure, so it will not be described again here. Figure 3 The wellbore simulation part of the horizontal well borehole temporary plugging model shown is the same as... Figure 2 The wellbore simulation part in the vertical well hole temporary plugging model shown is different and needs to be simulated according to the actual wellbore shape of the horizontal well.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the perforation model 9 is set in the perforation plugging model 8 to simulate perforations in a heterogeneous reservoir. In one embodiment, the perforation model 9 includes multiple simulated perforations, each simulated perforation corresponding to a simulated reservoir. The simulated perforations are set within the simulated reservoir to simulate a heterogeneous reservoir with perforations.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the perforation model includes three simulated boreholes: a first simulated borehole 9-1, a second simulated borehole 9-2, and a third simulated borehole 9-3. Specifically, different mesh sizes of sand or artificial cores are laid around the first simulated borehole 9-1 and the third simulated borehole 9-3 to represent reservoirs with different permeabilities. Furthermore, the inlet diameters of the first simulated borehole 9-1, the second simulated borehole 9-2, and the third simulated borehole 9-3 are distributed between 8-25 mm, and the inlet diameter can be adjusted according to the actual borehole diameter. Figure 3 The perforation model in the displayed horizontal well hole plugging model and Figure 2 The perforation model structure is the same as that in the temporary plugging model of the vertical well borehole shown, so it will not be described again here.

[0060] like Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the link between the simulated wellbore and the simulated heterogeneous reservoir in the vertical well borehole temporary plugging model is a mesh structure. Furthermore, the borehole diameter is 0.5 mm.

[0061] like Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, in the horizontal wellbore hole temporary plugging model, the linking region between the wellbore simulation section and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation section has a mesh structure. Furthermore, the hole diameter is 0.5 mm.

[0062] The release device is used to release a carrier liquid containing a plugging agent into the borehole plugging model 8. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the release device includes: an intermediate container 2, a high-power pump 1, and a large-size temporary plugging ball adding device 5.

[0063] Intermediate container 2 is used to store the temporary plugging agent and the carrier liquid. Specifically, the temporary plugging agent includes fibers, powder, and 1-6mm temporary plugging agent (including small-sized temporary plugging balls smaller than 8mm), and the carrier liquid is a viscous slick. Furthermore, the temporary plugging agent and the carrier liquid need to be fully mixed in intermediate container 2.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-power pump 1 is connected to the first end of the intermediate container 2, and is used to pump the liquid containing the temporary plugging agent to the blast hole temporary plugging model 8.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the large-size temporary plugging ball adding device 5 is connected to the second end of the intermediate container 2 and is used to add large-size temporary plugging balls to the carrier liquid containing the plugging agent. Further, the large-size temporary plugging ball is an 8-26mm plugging ball.

[0066] The pressure and flow detection device is used to detect the inlet pressure data and outlet flow data of the borehole clogging model 8 during the borehole clogging process. In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pressure and flow detection device includes an inlet pressure measuring device 6 and an outlet flow measuring device. Specifically, the inlet pressure measuring device 6 is installed at the inlet end of the borehole temporary plugging model 8, and is used to detect the inlet pressure data of the borehole temporary plugging model 8 in real time during the borehole temporary plugging process. Furthermore, the inlet pressure measuring device 6 is a pressure gauge.

[0067] An outlet flow measurement device is installed at the outlet end of the borehole temporary plugging model 8 to detect and obtain the outlet flow data of the borehole temporary plugging model 8 in real time during the borehole temporary plugging process. In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the borehole plugging model 8 contains multiple simulated reservoirs with different permeabilities, an outlet flow measurement device (e.g., a first outlet flow measurement device 10, a second outlet flow measurement device 11, and a third outlet flow measurement device 12) is configured for each simulated reservoir to measure the outlet flow data of the corresponding simulated reservoir. Furthermore, the outlet flow measurement device is a flow meter.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to collect the liquid flowing out of the outlet end of the borehole temporary plugging model 8, when the borehole temporary plugging model 8 contains multiple simulated reservoirs with different permeabilities, an effluent collection device (e.g., the first effluent collection device 13, the second effluent collection device 14, and the third effluent collection device 15) is configured for each simulated reservoir to collect the liquid flowing out of the outlet end of the corresponding simulated reservoir.

[0069] like Figure 1As shown, a device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs also includes multiple valves. A first valve 3 is located at the second end of an intermediate container 2 to control the liquid flowing out of the intermediate container 2. A second valve 4 is located at the outlet end of a temporary plugging ball adding device 5 to control the quantity and timing of large-sized temporary plugging balls added by the device. A third valve 7 is located at the inlet end of a borehole plugging model 8 to control the liquid flowing into the model.

[0070] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in a heterogeneous reservoir according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, in step S1, a heterogeneous reservoir with different permeabilities is simulated using a borehole temporary plugging model 8. Specifically, based on the actual reservoir stimulation situation, the type of borehole temporary plugging model 8 is determined (e.g., a vertical well borehole temporary plugging model, a horizontal well borehole temporary plugging model, a highly deviated well borehole temporary plugging model, etc.), and the permeability of the heterogeneous reservoir in the borehole temporary plugging model 8 is determined.

[0072] like Figure 8 As shown, in step S2, a perforation model 9 is set in the perforation temporary plugging model 8 to simulate a perforation in a heterogeneous reservoir. Specifically, the diameter of the perforation model 9 is determined (e.g., 8-25 mm) according to the actual perforation conditions of the reservoir.

[0073] like Figure 8 As shown, in step S3, a liquid containing a plugging agent is released into the borehole plugging model 8 via a release device. Specifically, depending on the actual plugging design, fibers and 1-6mm plugging particles are added to the intermediate container 2, and large-sized (8-26mm) plugging balls are added sequentially via the large-sized plugging ball adding device 5.

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, in step S4, the inlet pressure data and outlet flow data of the blast hole temporary plugging model 8 are detected by the pressure and flow detection device during the blast hole temporary plugging process. Specifically, after connecting the entire equipment, a blast hole temporary plugging experiment is carried out, and the inlet pressure of the blast hole temporary plugging model 8 and the flow rate at the outlet of each perforation hole are recorded. The experiment is stopped when the flow rate at the outlet of all perforation holes is 0.

[0075] The device and method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs provided by this invention can also be used in conjunction with a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program, which is executed to run the method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs. The computer program is capable of executing computer instructions, which include computer program code. The computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or some intermediate form.

[0076] Computer-readable storage media can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc.

[0077] It should be noted that the contents of computer-readable storage media may be appropriately added to or subtracted from the contents according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in a jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable storage media may not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0078] like Figure 9 The diagram illustrates the heterogeneity between layers in a single-layer fracturing operation of a vertical well (A) in the Sichuan Basin. The reservoir permeability from top to bottom is 10, 50, and 5 md. Specific fracturing design parameters are: perforation diameter 10.5 mm, fracturing fluid is viscous slickwater, temporary plugging agent: 1 wt% fiber + 1 wt% 2 mm temporary plugging ball + 1.2 wt% 3 mm temporary plugging ball + 3 8 mm temporary plugging balls (added sequentially according to pressure during injection), and flow rate 4 m³ / min.

[0079] Based on the reservoir conditions, the indoor experimental parameters are as follows:

[0080] 1) Select a temporary plugging model for vertical well boreholes;

[0081] 2) The reservoir permeability in the model is also set to 10, 50, and 5 md respectively according to the reservoir;

[0082] 3) The diameter of the blast hole in the model is selected as 10.5mm;

[0083] 4) Selective use of viscous, slippery liquids;

[0084] 5) The formula for the temporary plugging agent is: 1wt% fiber + 1wt% 2mm temporary plugging ball + 1.2wt% 3mm temporary plugging ball + 3 8mm temporary plugging balls (the injection process is based on the pressure at the inlet end of the borehole and the flow rate at the outlet end);

[0085] 6) Discharge rate: According to similarity criteria, the injection rate is 65 ml / min.

[0086] like Figure 10The results of the temporary plugging experiment are shown in the figure. With the injection of the carrying fluid, due to the high permeability of the reservoir where the second borehole is located, the outlet flow rate of borehole 2 is the highest, followed by borehole 1, and then borehole 3, while the inlet pressure also shows a slow upward trend. At 5 minutes, the first 8mm plugging ball is introduced, and the outlet flow rate of borehole 2 decreases rapidly, while the inlet pressure increases sharply, indicating that the first 8mm plugging ball has formed a seal at borehole 2, thus significantly increasing the outlet flow rates of boreholes 1 and 3. Similarly, when the second and third 8mm plugging balls are introduced at 8 minutes and 11 minutes, the outlet flow rates of boreholes 1 and 3 also decrease significantly. The experimental results show that the plugging agent has a good temporary plugging effect, and the plugging balls preferentially plug high-permeability layers, providing a theoretical basis for on-site temporary plugging design.

[0087] In summary, the device and method for simulating temporary plugging of perforated boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs provided by this invention can simulate heterogeneous reservoirs of various well types, with a wide simulation range and good compatibility. It can simulate pressure and flow rate changes in heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities during temporary plugging, providing a theoretical basis for on-site plugging design. The device is simple, requiring no complex design to accurately simulate the temporary plugging process of heterogeneous reservoirs, and is low-cost and cost-effective. It solves the problem that existing technologies cannot simulate the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on temporary plugging of perforated boreholes, providing theoretical support for on-site temporary plugging design.

[0088] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps, or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0089] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0091] The phrase "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" used in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrase "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

[0093] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs, characterized in that, The device includes: The temporary plugging model for blast holes is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities; A perforation model, which is set in the hole plugging model, is used to simulate perforations in heterogeneous reservoirs; A release device for releasing a liquid containing a plugging agent into the hole plugging model; A pressure and flow detection device is used to detect the inlet pressure data and outlet flow data of the blast hole temporary plugging model during the blast hole temporary plugging process. The borehole plugging model includes a wellbore simulation part and a heterogeneous reservoir simulation part. The wellbore simulation part is used to simulate the wellbore, and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is used to simulate heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities. The connection area between the wellbore simulation part and the heterogeneous reservoir simulation part is a mesh structure. The heterogeneous reservoir simulation section includes multiple sequentially adjacent simulated reservoirs, each with a different permeability. The simulated reservoirs are separated by mesh to simulate interlayers. The perforation model includes multiple simulated boreholes for simulating perforation holes. Each simulated borehole corresponds to a simulated reservoir. The simulated boreholes are set within the simulated reservoir to simulate a heterogeneous reservoir with perforation holes. The pressure and flow detection device includes: an outlet flow measurement device, which is installed at the outlet end of the borehole temporary plugging model, for real-time detection of the outlet flow data of the borehole temporary plugging model during the borehole temporary plugging process. When the borehole temporary plugging model contains multiple simulated reservoirs with different permeabilities, one outlet flow measurement device is configured for each simulated reservoir. In order to collect the liquid flowing out of the outlet end of the temporary plugging model of the borehole, when the temporary plugging model of the borehole contains multiple simulated reservoirs with different permeability, an effluent collection device is configured for each simulated reservoir.

2. The device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temporary plugging model for blast holes includes, but is not limited to: temporary plugging model for vertical well blast holes, temporary plugging model for horizontal well blast holes, temporary plugging model for highly deviated well blast holes, temporary plugging model for cluster well blast holes, and temporary plugging model for well factory blast holes.

3. The device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The release device includes: Intermediate container, which is used to store the temporary plugging agent and carry the liquid; A high-power pump, connected to the first end of the intermediate container, is used to pump the carrier liquid containing the temporary plugging agent to the blast hole temporary plugging model. A large-size temporary plugging ball adding device, which is connected to the second end of the intermediate container, is used to add large-size temporary plugging balls to the carrier liquid containing the temporary plugging agent.

4. The device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The equipment includes: A first valve is located at the second end of the intermediate container; The second valve is located at the outlet end of the temporary plugging ball adding device; The third valve is located at the inlet end of the temporary plugging model of the blast hole.

5. The device for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure and flow detection device further includes: An inlet pressure measuring device is installed at the inlet end of the blast hole temporary plugging model to detect and obtain the inlet end pressure data of the blast hole temporary plugging model in real time during the blast hole temporary plugging process.

6. A method for simulating temporary plugging of boreholes in heterogeneous reservoirs, characterized in that, Performed by the device as described in any one of claims 1-5, the method comprises the following steps: The heterogeneous reservoirs with different permeabilities were simulated using a temporary plugging model of the borehole; The perforation model set in the perforation temporary plugging model is used to simulate the perforation in the heterogeneous reservoir. The release device releases a liquid containing a plugging agent into the hole plugging model; The pressure data at the inlet and the flow data at the outlet of the blast hole clogging model during the blast hole clogging process are obtained by detecting pressure and flow data using pressure and flow detection devices.

7. A storage medium, characterized in that, It contains a series of instructions for performing the steps of the method as described in claim 6.

Images