A housing of a rotary switch and a rotary switch

Abstract

The application discloses a shell of a rotary switch and the rotary switch, and relates to the technical field of electrical components. The shell of the rotary switch is provided with an arc spraying opening, and an arc burning space in communication with the arc spraying opening is arranged in the shell. At least two arc separating ribs extending towards the arc spraying opening are arranged in the arc burning space. The arc separating ribs are arranged at intervals with the side wall of the arc burning space, and the adjacent two arc separating ribs are arranged at intervals. The shell of the rotary switch provided by the application has the following advantages: at least two arc separating ribs extending from the entrance of the arc burning space to the exit of the arc burning space are arranged in the arc burning space, the arc is lengthened, the ejection of the arc is slowed down, the arc has high arc extinguishing performance, the arc can be cooled, and the arc extinction effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical component technology, and more specifically, to a housing and rotary switch for a rotary switch. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary switches, as an essential electrical component in control circuits, play a role in control and protection in power systems and are widely used in many production processes and technical equipment.

[0003] The switch unit's housing has an arc-extinguishing space connected to the outside. The arc generated when the moving and stationary contacts open leaves the housing through this arc-extinguishing space. However, the existing arc-extinguishing space is limited by the housing size, resulting in a small space where the arc quickly leaves the housing, leading to poor arc extinguishing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a housing and a rotary switch for a rotary switch, which have good arc extinguishing performance and can enhance arc cooling and deionization effects.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:

[0006] A housing for a rotary switch, the housing of the rotary switch having an arc-spraying nozzle, and an arc-ignition space communicating with the arc-spraying nozzle inside the housing of the rotary switch, the arc-ignition space having at least two ribs extending toward the arc-spraying nozzle, the ribs being spaced apart from the sidewalls of the arc-ignition space, and adjacent ribs being spaced apart.

[0007] Optionally, as an implementable method, the width of the entrance to the arc space is greater than the width of the exit of the arc space, and the baffle includes a first end and a second end. The first end is located near the arc nozzle, and the distance between the first end of the baffle near the inner wall of the arc space and the inner wall is less than the distance between the second end of the baffle and the inner wall. The distance between the first ends of two adjacent baffles is less than the distance between their second ends.

[0008] Optionally, as an implementable approach, the distance between the first end of the rib near the inner wall of the arc space and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the first ends of any two adjacent ribs.

[0009] Optionally, as an implementable method, the distance between the first end of the baffle near the inner wall of the arc space and the inner wall is a first distance, and the distance between the first ends of any two adjacent baffles is a second distance. The sum of the first distance and the second distance is greater than the width of the arc nozzle in the direction parallel to the housing surface of the rotary switch.

[0010] Optionally, as an implementable method, the arc space includes a first arc space and a second arc space that are interconnected. The second arc space is located between the first arc space and the arc nozzle. The width of the inlet of the first arc space is equal to the width of the outlet of the first arc space, and the width of the inlet of the second arc space is greater than the width of the outlet of the second arc space. The baffle is located in the first arc space and includes a first end and a second end. The first end is disposed close to the second arc space. The distance between the first end of the baffle close to the inner wall of the first arc space and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the second end of the baffle and the inner wall. The distance between the first ends of two adjacent baffles is equal to the distance between the second ends of two adjacent baffles.

[0011] Optionally, as an implementable method, the distance between the first end of the rib near the inner wall of the first arc space and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the first ends of two adjacent ribs.

[0012] Alternatively, as an implementable method, the rib is in the form of a straight plate, with the sidewalls of the rib perpendicular to the surface of the rotary switch housing.

[0013] Optionally, as an implementable method, the housing of the rotary switch is rectangular, and the arcing space includes two arcing spaces that are distributed at intervals along the diagonal of the housing of the rotary switch. The arc nozzles are located on two opposite side walls of the housing of the rotary switch, and the ribs in the two arcing spaces are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the housing of the rotary switch.

[0014] Optionally, as an implementable method, the ribs are insulated ribs.

[0015] A rotary switch comprising the housing of any of the above-mentioned rotary switches.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0017] The rotary switch housing provided by this invention has an arc-extinguishing nozzle on its surface and an arc-ignition space communicating with the nozzle inside the housing. The arc-ignition space contains at least two baffles extending toward the nozzle, spaced apart from the sidewalls of the arc-ignition space, with adjacent baffles spaced apart as well. By providing at least two baffles extending from the inlet to the outlet of the arc-ignition space, the arc is lengthened, and the arc ejection is slowed, thereby achieving higher arc-extinguishing performance. It also cools the arc and improves the arc deionization effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the housing of the rotary switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the switching unit provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the switching unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the switching unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Icons: 100 - Housing of rotary switch; 110 - Arc nozzle; 120 - Arc ignition space; 121 - Side wall of arc ignition space; 122 - First arc ignition space; 1221 - Inner wall of first arc ignition space; 123 - Second arc ignition space; 130 - Rib; 131 - First end; 132 - Second end; 200 - Switch unit; 210 - Moving contact; 220 - Stationary contact; 300 - Rotary switch. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The rotary switch comprises multiple layers of switching units. Each layer includes a housing and moving and stationary contacts disposed within the housing. The multiple switching units are stacked through the housing layers. During the process of the moving and stationary contacts in the switching unit changing from a closed to an open state, an electric arc is generated within the housing. The presence of the arc affects the normal operation of the components within the housing and needs to be extinguished as quickly as possible. Due to size limitations, the housing of existing switching units has a small arc-extinguishing space, allowing the arc to quickly leave the housing through the arc-extinguishing space, resulting in poor arc-extinguishing effectiveness. In view of this, this application is hereby submitted.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment provides a housing 100 for a rotary switch. The housing 100 of the rotary switch is provided with an arc nozzle 110. The housing 100 of the rotary switch is provided with an arc space 120 communicating with the arc nozzle 110. The arc space 120 is provided with at least two partition ribs 130 extending toward the arc nozzle 110. The partition ribs 130 are spaced apart from the side wall 121 of the arc space, and adjacent partition ribs 130 are spaced apart.

[0035] The rotary switch housing 100 provided in this embodiment has an internal arc-ignition space 120. The entrance to the arc-ignition space 120 is positioned corresponding to the area where the moving contact 210 and the stationary contact 220 generate an electric arc, so that the electric arc can enter the arc-ignition space 120 and be extinguished. The side wall of the rotary switch housing 100 is also provided with an arc-spraying nozzle 110 that communicates with the outlet of the arc-ignition space 120. The electric arc that is not extinguished in the arc-ignition space 120 is ejected through the arc-spraying nozzle 110 and leaves the rotary switch housing 100.

[0036] To extinguish as many arcs as possible within the limited space of the arc-extinguishing space 120 and improve the arc-extinguishing effect of the rotary switch housing 100, at least two baffles 130 are provided within the arc-extinguishing space 120. The baffles 130 extend from the inlet of the arc-extinguishing space 120 to its outlet (arc nozzle 110). Gaps exist between the baffles 130 and the inner wall of the arc-extinguishing space 120, and between adjacent baffles 130, to divide the arc-extinguishing space 120 into multiple arc-extinguishing chambers. Figure 2 As shown by the arrow, after the electric arc enters the arc-burning space 120, it is diverted by the baffle 130 and enters different arc-extinguishing chambers. The outlets of multiple arc-extinguishing chambers converge into one and are connected to the arc-spraying nozzle 110. Finally, the electric arc that is not extinguished is ejected from the arc-spraying nozzle 110.

[0037] The baffle 130 elongates the electric arc, extending its flow path within the arcing space 120, thereby slowing down arc ejection and maintaining a higher arc voltage within the rotary switch housing 100, thus improving the arc-extinguishing performance of the rotary switch housing 100. Simultaneously, the sidewalls of the baffle 130 accelerate arc cooling, effectively eliminating arc ionization.

[0038] It should be understood that the number of ribs 130 can be two, three, four, or more, and the specific number can be set according to the dimensions of the arc space 120, such as... Figure 2 As shown, when there are two ribs 130, the arc-extinguishing space 120 is divided into three arc-extinguishing chambers; as Figure 3 As shown, when there are three ribs 130, the arc space 120 is divided into four arc extinguishing chambers.

[0039] The housing 100 of the rotary switch can be integrally formed, or the partition 130 and other parts can be machined separately and then fixedly connected. The height of the partition 130 should not be too low, and should be equal to or slightly less than the thickness of the housing 100 of the rotary switch, so as to prevent most of the arc from moving directly from above the partition 130 to the arc ejection port 110 and being unable to improve the arc extinguishing performance of the housing 100 of the rotary switch, cool the arc, and eliminate arc ionization.

[0040] As described above, the housing 100 of the rotary switch provided in this embodiment has high arc extinguishing performance by providing at least two baffles 130 extending from the inlet to the outlet of the arc space 120 within the arc space 120, thereby lengthening the arc and slowing down the ejection of the arc, and also cooling the arc and improving the arc deionization effect.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the width of the inlet of the arc space 120 is greater than the width of the outlet of the arc space 120, and the partition 130 includes a first end 131 and a second end 132. The first end 131 is disposed near the arc nozzle 110. The distance between the first end 131 of the partition 130 near the inner wall of the arc space 120 and the inner wall is less than the distance between the second end 132 of the partition 130 and the inner wall. The distance between the first ends 131 of two adjacent partition 130s is less than the distance between the second ends 132.

[0042] The rib 130 has a first end 131 and a second end 132 in its extending direction. The first end 131 is close to the outlet and the arc nozzle 110 of the arc space 120, and the second end 132 is close to the inlet of the arc space 120. The ribs 130 can be divided into two types. The first type of rib is close to the inner wall of the arc space 120, with one side of the first type of rib being the inner wall of the arc space 120 and the other side being other ribs 130. The second type of rib is the rib 130 that is far away from the inner wall of the arc space 120, with other ribs 130 on both sides of the second type of rib.

[0043] The distance between the first end 131 of the first type of rib and the inner wall of the arc space 120 (i.e. Figure 4 In L 1) The distance between the second end 132 of the first type of rib and the inner wall of the arc space 120 is less than (i.e.) Figure 4 In D 1) That is, the width of the inlet of the arc-extinguishing chamber located between the inner wall of the arc-extinguishing space 120 and the first type of rib is greater than the width of the outlet. The distance between the first ends 131 of two adjacent ribs 130 (i.e. Figure 4 In L 2) Less than the distance between the second end 132 (i.e. Figure 4 InD 2), that is, the width of the inlet of the arc-extinguishing chamber located between the two ribs 130 is greater than the width of the outlet.

[0044] The width of the inlet of the arc-ignition space 120 is greater than the width of the outlet of the arc-ignition space 120, and the width of the inlet of each arc-extinguishing chamber is greater than the width of the outlet, all to ensure that the electric arc is smoothly introduced into them. Furthermore, the shapes of each arc-extinguishing chamber are basically the same, ensuring that the current-shunting capacity of each chamber is essentially consistent, which is beneficial for the uniform dispersion of the electric arc.

[0045] It should be understood that the partition bar 130 must include the first type of partition bar, but may not include the second type of partition bar. For example, when there are two partition bars 130, the partition bar 130 only includes the first type of partition bar; when there are three or more partition bars 130, the partition bar 130 includes both the first type of partition bar and the second type of partition bar.

[0046] Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first end 131 of the partition 130 near the inner wall of the arc space 120 and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the first ends 131 of any two adjacent partition 130s.

[0047] The distance between the first end 131 of the first type of rib and the inner wall of the arc space 120 (i.e. Figure 4 In L 1) equal to the distance between the first ends 131 of any two adjacent ribs 130 (i.e. Figure 4 In L 2) That is, all arc-extinguishing chambers have the same outlet width in order to evenly disperse the electric arc.

[0048] Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first end 131 of the partition 130 near the inner wall of the arc space 120 and the inner wall is the first distance, the distance between the first ends 131 of any two adjacent partition 130 is the second distance, and the sum of the first distance and the second distance is greater than the width of the arc nozzle 110 in the direction parallel to the surface of the housing 100 of the rotary switch.

[0049] The first distance is the distance between the first end 131 of the first type of rib and the inner wall of the arc-burning space 120, that is... Figure 4 In L 1; The second distance is the distance between the first ends 131 of any two adjacent ribs 130, i.e. Figure 4 In L 2; The first distance includes two, and the second distance can be zero, one, or more, depending on the number of ribs 130. The sum of all the first distances and all the second distances is greater than the width of the spray nozzle 110 (i.e., Figure 4 In DTo prevent unextinguished arcs from being trapped in the arc space 120 and unable to be ejected from the arc nozzle 110, the housing 100 of the rotary switch may rupture due to excessive internal pressure.

[0050] For example, when there are two ribs 130, there are two first distances and zero second distances. In this case, the sum of the two first distances is greater than the width of the spray nozzle 110. When there are three ribs 130, there are two first distances and two second distances. In this case, the sum of the two first distances and the two second distances is greater than the width of the spray nozzle 110. It should be understood that the two first distances may not be equal, and the two or more second distances may also be unequal.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the arc space 120 includes a first arc space 122 and a second arc space 123 that are interconnected. The second arc space 123 is located between the first arc space 122 and the arc nozzle 110. The width of the inlet of the first arc space 122 is equal to the width of the outlet of the first arc space 122, and the width of the inlet of the second arc space 123 is greater than the width of the outlet of the second arc space 123. The partition rib 130 is located in the first arc space 122. The partition rib 130 includes a first end 131 and a second end 132. The first end 131 is disposed close to the second arc space 123. The distance between the first end 131 of the partition rib 130 close to the inner wall of the first arc space 122 and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the second end 132 of the partition rib 130 and the inner wall. The distance between the first ends 131 of two adjacent partition ribs 130 is equal to the distance between the second ends 132 of two adjacent partition ribs 130.

[0052] The arc-burning space 120 includes a first arc-burning space 122 and a second arc-burning space 123. The entrance to the first arc-burning space 122 is the entrance to the arc-burning space 120, the exit of the first arc-burning space 122 is the entrance to the second arc-burning space 123, and the exit of the second arc-burning space 123 is the exit of the arc-burning space 120. The width of the entrance to the first arc-burning space 122 is equal to the width of its exit, and the width of the entrance to the second arc-burning space 123 is greater than the width of its exit.

[0053] A baffle 130 is disposed within the first arc-ignition space 122, extending from the entrance to the exit of the first arc-ignition space 122. The baffle 130 has a first end 131 and a second end 132 in its extending direction. The first end 131 is near the exit of the first arc-ignition space 122, and the second end 132 is near the entrance of the first arc-ignition space 122. At this point, the baffle 130 can still be divided into two categories: a third type of baffle is located near the inner wall 1221 of the first arc-ignition space, with one side of the third type of baffle being the inner wall 1221 of the first arc-ignition space and the other side being other baffles 130; a fourth type of baffle is located away from the inner wall of the first arc-ignition space 122, with other baffles 130 on both sides of the fourth type of baffle.

[0054] The distance between the first end 131 of the third type of rib and the inner wall 1221 of the first arc space (i.e. Figure 6 In l 1) equal to the distance between the second end 132 of the third type of rib and the inner wall 1221 of the first arc-burning space (i.e. Figure 6 In d 1), that is, the width of the inlet of the arc-extinguishing chamber located between the inner wall 1221 of the first arc-extinguishing space and the third type of rib is equal to the width of the outlet. The distance between the first ends 131 of two adjacent ribs 130 (i.e. Figure 6 In l 2) equal to the distance between the second end 132 (i.e. Figure 6 In d 2), that is, the width of the inlet of the arc-extinguishing chamber located between the two ribs 130 is equal to the width of the outlet.

[0055] The shape of the arc-extinguishing chamber is adjusted according to the shape of the first arc-ignition space 122 so that the shape of each arc-extinguishing chamber is basically the same and the current shunting capacity of each arc-extinguishing chamber is basically the same, which is conducive to uniformly dispersing the electric arc.

[0056] Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the first end 131 of the partition 130 near the inner wall of the first arc space 122 and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the first ends 131 of two adjacent partition 130s.

[0057] The distance between the first end 131 of the third type of rib and the inner wall of the first arc space 122 (i.e.) Figure 6 In l 1) equal to the distance between the first ends 131 of any two adjacent ribs 130 (i.e. Figure 6 In l 2) That is, all arc-extinguishing chambers have the same outlet width in order to evenly disperse the electric arc.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the partition 130 is in the shape of a straight plate, and the side wall of the partition 130 is perpendicular to the surface of the housing 100 of the rotary switch, so as to ensure that there is sufficient contact area between the partition 130 and the electric arc and improve the cooling effect of the electric arc.

[0059] Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the rib 130 is an insulating rib. The rib 130 is made of insulating material to prevent it from becoming electrified when in contact with an electric arc. Similarly, the housing 100 of the rotary switch can also be made of insulating material.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Optionally, in one possible embodiment of the present invention, the housing 100 of the rotary switch is rectangular, and the arcing space 120 includes two arcing spaces 120. The two arcing spaces 120 are distributed at intervals along the diagonal of the housing 100 of the rotary switch. The arc nozzles 110 are respectively located on two opposite side walls of the housing 100 of the rotary switch. The partition ribs 130 in the two arcing spaces 120 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the housing 100 of the rotary switch.

[0061] When the switching unit 200 includes a rotating moving contact 210 and two stationary contacts 220 distributed diagonally along the housing 100 of the rotary switch, both ends of the moving contact 210 will generate an electric arc when separated from the two stationary contacts 220, and the arc is located on both sides of the moving contact 210. At this time, two independent arc-extinguishing spaces 120 are needed to extinguish the arcs on both sides of the moving contact 210. The two arc-extinguishing spaces 120 are located on both sides of the moving contact 210 and distributed along the diagonal of the housing 100 of the rotary switch, while the two stationary contacts 220 are distributed on the other diagonal of the housing 100 of the rotary switch. The two opposite side walls of the housing 100 of the rotary switch are respectively provided with arc-spraying nozzles 110 communicating with the arc-extinguishing spaces 120, and the partition ribs 130 in the two arc-extinguishing spaces 120 are symmetrically distributed relative to the center of the housing 100 of the rotary switch, so that the arc-extinguishing effect of the two arc-extinguishing spaces 120 is basically the same.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also discloses a rotary switch 300, which includes a housing 100 of any of the rotary switches described above. This rotary switch 300 has the same structure and beneficial effects as the housing 100 of the rotary switch in the foregoing embodiments. The structure and beneficial effects of the housing 100 of the rotary switch have been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A housing for a rotary switch, characterized in that, The rotary switch housing is provided with an arc nozzle, and the rotary switch housing is provided with an arc-ignition space communicating with the arc nozzle. The arc-ignition space is provided with at least two ribs extending toward the arc nozzle. The ribs are spaced apart from the sidewalls of the arc-ignition space, and adjacent ribs are spaced apart. The width of the entrance to the arc space is greater than the width of the exit of the arc space. The baffle includes a first end and a second end. The first end is located near the arc nozzle. The distance between the first end of the baffle and the inner wall of the arc space is less than the distance between the second end of the baffle and the inner wall. The distance between the first ends of two adjacent baffles is less than the distance between their second ends. The distance between the first end of the rib near the inner wall of the arc space and the inner wall is equal to the distance between the first ends of any two adjacent ribs; The distance between the first end of the baffle near the inner wall of the arc space and the inner wall is the first distance, and the distance between the first ends of any two adjacent baffles is the second distance. The sum of the first distance and the second distance is greater than the width of the arc nozzle in the direction parallel to the housing surface of the rotary switch.

2. The housing of the rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rib is in the shape of a straight plate, and the sidewall of the rib is perpendicular to the surface of the rotary switch housing.

3. The housing of the rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing of the rotary switch is rectangular, and the arcing space includes two arcing spaces that are spaced apart along the diagonal of the housing of the rotary switch. The arc nozzles are located on two opposite side walls of the housing of the rotary switch, and the ribs in the two arcing spaces are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the housing of the rotary switch.

4. The housing of the rotary switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing bar is an insulating reinforcing bar.

5. A rotary switch, characterized in that, The housing includes the rotary switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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