A method of increasing the yield of an aluminum alloy skin sheet

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of sheet metal manufacturing and relates to an aluminum alloy skin plate material amplification method. The aluminum alloy skin plate material amplification method is characterized by strict design, reliable strength, reasonable size and mature manufacturing process. The matched device is characterized by simple structure, simple installation and low cost. The device can realize amplification operation of large-format skin plate material and can realize normal amplification of skin plate material with a maximum length of 6 meters. The device is not only suitable for effective aluminum alloy skin amplification, but also effective for amplification of other metal material plates.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of sheet metal manufacturing, and relates to a method for increasing the size of an aluminum alloy skin sheet. BACKGROUND

[0002] Skin cross-drawing forming is a kind of drawing forming of skin sheet material through the movement of the stretching system of the jaw head of the skin drawing equipment and the die platform. The skin cross-drawing forming has the characteristics that the stretching jaw head block is in a straight line, the jaw clamping edge of the skin has no curvature in the stretching direction, and the skin is divided into a forming area, a suspended transition area and a jaw clamping area along the stretching direction. Since the effective area of the skin part is the forming area, the suspended transition area and the jaw clamping area need to be cut off. Since the length of the suspended transition area is generally about 100-500mm, this situation leads to the following problems: the skin raw material is seriously wasted, and individual skin raw materials need to be imported and have a relatively high price (such as aluminum lithium alloy 2198); the maximum width of the general aluminum alloy sheet material is about 2400mm, and the skin with a size larger than the width cannot be cross-drawn and formed. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method for increasing the size of an aluminum alloy skin sheet, which not only saves raw materials, but also provides a way to increase the size of larger skins.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A skin source sheet material increasing and bonding device, comprising a bonding platform, platform edge support feet, a middle support foot, an upper frame, a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms, a pressing block, a pressure applying jack bolt, and a bonding platform center line.

[0006] The bonding platform requires sufficient rigidity to ensure that the platform support plane is not easily deformed, so the reinforcing structure in the drawing is adopted. The bonding platform is connected with two platform edge foot supports and a middle foot support through a bolt assembly. The platform edge foot support ensures the balance stability of the bonding platform and prevents collapse. The middle foot support provides support for the midpoint of the bonding platform in the length direction to prevent the midpoint from collapsing due to stress. Above the bonding platform is an upper frame, which provides a downward pressure support platform for the bonding platform. The upper frame also has strict rigidity requirements and adopts the structure of the upright plate, the surrounding frame, and the reinforcing rib to ensure that the pressure support platform plane is not easily deformed. The upper frame is connected and fixed with the bonding platform below through a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms at both ends to prevent over-positioning assembly. A certain space is reserved between the upper frame support plane and the support plane of the bonding platform below for bonding operations. The reserved space along the Y direction is about 6.5 meters, which can provide processing of skin source plate materials with L1Y size below 6 meters. The bonding platform support plane along the X direction is about 1 meter, so the maximum LX3 can reach 1 meter.

[0007] The bonding platform support plane marks the longitudinal bonding platform center line, which is the joint line of the source plate material and the amplification plate material. During bonding operations, the bonding platform support plane is sequentially placed with the lower thermal insulation pad, the electric heating tape, the bonding lower surface auxiliary plate material, the lower layer of adhesive film, the source plate material and the amplification plate material, the upper layer of adhesive film, the bonding upper surface auxiliary plate material, the electric heating tape, the upper thermal insulation pad, a full-length pressure pad, and a pressure block in order from bottom to top. The pressure application method adopts a clockwise tightening pressure top screw bolt from the bottom edge of the upper frame to apply pressure to the pressure block below. The pressure block is pressed by the end of the upper frame pressure top screw bolt, and the pressing force is calculated by the tightening torque of the top screw bolt. In this example, the required pressing pressure is 0.3-0.6 MP. The pressure block structure is simple, using I-beam as raw material, and milling the upper and lower planes of the I-beam. The pressure block can be divided into several small blocks along the Y direction, installed and pressed separately, and is convenient to operate.

[0008] Because the amplification plate material may extend beyond the edge of the bonding platform support plane in the X direction, sometimes extending for a long range, in order to avoid the inconvenience of placing the amplification plate material, a support frame is needed, which includes a support seat, a Y-direction aluminum alloy profile supported by the support seat, and an X-direction aluminum alloy profile. Several support seats are screwed and fixed on the upright plate surface of the bonding platform. The aluminum alloy profile falls on the support seat and the upper surface, connected with the support seat through a bolt, and the aluminum alloy profile falls on the profile upper surface, connected with it through a bolt. The upper surface height of the support frame is slightly higher than the bonding platform support surface, and the height difference is the height of the lower thermal insulation pad, the electric heating tape, the bonding lower surface auxiliary plate material, and the lower layer of adhesive film.

[0009] Referring toFigure 6 The skin source plate extends more on the support plane edge part of the bonding platform, and a separate trailer type frame is used as the support, which mainly comprises a main frame, a skin plate support surface layer, a foot and a handle.

[0010] The main frame is made of aluminum alloy profiles and has a six-surface cuboid structure. Each surface has a surrounding frame and a reinforcing rib to ensure structural stability. The skin plate support surface layer is above the main frame plane and is rectangular with a length of about 6 meters. On the basis of the four-edge frame structure, a number of grid ribs are added inside the frame. The ribs not only strengthen the main structure of the skin plate support surface layer, but also provide grid surface support. The skin plate support surface layer functions to lift the skin source plate and has an up-and-down function. This function is achieved through four pairs of screw rod structures and guide structures 33. The screw rod nuts are fixed to the main frame, and the skin plate support surface layer is lifted by rotating the screw rod. The guide sleeve of the guide structure 33 is fixed to the main frame by screws, and the guide shaft is fixed to the support surface layer 29 frame profile. The width of the skin plate support surface layer is adjustable, with an adjustable range of 1.5-3 meters and a main width of 1.5 meters. The width is expanded by a number of external drawer frames. Every two parallel circular tube aluminum profiles serve as drawer extension rods, with one end connected to the drawer door and the other end extending into 2-3 profile through holes. The end is provided with a limit pin, which is adjusted to 0° and 90° to limit the travel of the extension rod. There are three external drawer frames on each side, and the maximum width of 3 meters can be achieved by pulling both sides.

[0011] The main frame is provided with 4-8 feet at the bottom, and the feet have stopper function wheels. Handles are installed on the side edges of the main frame. The handle is composed of a curved aluminum alloy pipe and an aluminum plate welded at the end of the pipe, which is fixed to the side edge of the main frame by screwing. The trailer type frame is not only used for supporting the plate 1 during the bonding of the skin plate, but also can be used for transporting the skin and other operations.

[0012] An aluminum alloy skin plate amplification method, the steps are as follows:

[0013] (1) Prepare materials. According to the process requirements and calculations, the dimensions of the skin source plate, the amplification plate, the bonding lower surface auxiliary plate and the bonding upper surface auxiliary plate are obtained, and the cutting is controlled by the numerical control machine;

[0014] Process requirement: the stretching direction of the skin needs to be determined, and then the stretching position is determined. The two edges along the stretching direction are used as the stretching reference line. A piece of stretching sheet is bonded to the skin source sheet along the two ends of the stretching direction, and the gap between the two pieces is not more than 0.5mm. The requirement for the stretching sheet part itself is that the opposite edge straight line is not more than 0.25mm / 1m. The lower surface auxiliary sheet and the upper surface auxiliary sheet are symmetrically bonded with the stretching sheet and the skin source sheet as the symmetric plane, which ensures that the bonding degree on both sides of the joint is consistent and the maximum shear force is equal. During the stretching of the skin, the skin can be divided into skin mold, skin forming area, skin suspension transition section, and skin clamping area of the clamp. The bonding area needs to be in the skin suspension transition section, and only tensile stress is allowed, not bending stress.

[0015] The size calculation of the stretching sheet, the lower surface auxiliary sheet and the upper surface auxiliary sheet: the skin breaking force is calculated as F 1X拉断力 =σb×L 1Y ×L 1Z , σb is the tensile strength of the source sheet, L 1Y is the size of the skin source sheet in the Y direction, and L 1Z is the thickness of the source sheet in the Z direction.

[0016] The adhesive film shear force of the bonding area is FX adhesive film shear force = 2×τ b ×L 1Y ×1 / 2×L 3X , τ b is the shear strength of the adhesive film failure, L 1Y is the size of the stretching sheet in the Y direction, which is the same as the skin source sheet. Since the adhesive film shear force of the bonding area is F X胶膜剪脱力 , L 3X is the size of the auxiliary bonding sheet 3 in the X direction, that is, the size of the bonding area in the X direction, so the bonding area is the sum of the bonding areas of the upper and lower auxiliary bonding sheets, that is, 2×L 1Y ×L 3X , and since the joint position of the skin source sheet and the stretching sheet is in the center of the bonding area, the effective adhesive film in the X direction is half the size of the auxiliary bonding sheet 3 in the X direction. When F X胶膜剪脱力 =F 1X breaking force, the tensile strength requirement can be met, so the size of the bonding area in the X direction is L 3X , which is the size of the auxiliary bonding sheet 3 in the X direction. The clamping depth of the clamp is generally 50-100mm.

[0017] The surface to be bonded is polished, and 800# gauze is used;

[0018] The surface is polished with acetone to ensure that there are no metal debris on the bonding surface;

[0019] The primer is applied and left to dry in the air for 20 minutes. The primer serves to ensure that the adhesive film is firmly bonded to the source plate material, the booster plate material, the lower surface auxiliary plate material, and the upper surface auxiliary plate material;

[0020] The lower heat insulation pad, the electric heating tape, the lower surface auxiliary plate material, the lower adhesive film, the source plate material and the booster plate material, the upper adhesive film, the upper surface auxiliary plate material, the electric heating tape, the upper heat insulation pad, a lengthwise pressure pad, and a pressure block are placed in the order from bottom to top on the bonding platform. The size of the lower heat insulation pad, the upper heat insulation pad, and the electric heating tape is determined according to the size of the bonding platform, and the size is consistent with the bonding platform and is 0-20mm larger than the X-direction size of the bonding platform. After the placement is completed, the pressure is tightened by rotating the pressure top screw bolt, and the pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MP. The tightening force is determined by a fixed torque wrench.

[0021] The electric heating tape is powered to heat, and the temperature value is observed using a patch temperature sensor. When the plate temperature reaches about 110℃, the heating power is reduced, and the temperature is maintained for 2 hours;

[0022] After 2 hours, the heating is stopped, and the temperature is naturally cooled in the air for 1-2 hours. When the temperature is about 30℃, the pressure is unloaded, and the bonding is completed.

[0023] The hot expansion and cold contraction phenomenon exists in the sheet metal during the pressurizing and heating process of the pressurizing block, even if the lower heat insulation pad is used, the heat still passes through the heat insulation pad to the pressurizing pad plate under the pressurizing block, the press plate also expands and contracts with heat, and friction and sliding occur between the press plate and the bottom surface of the pressurizing block, therefore, the structure of the pressurizing block is improved, and a press block ball array is added to the bottom surface of the pressurizing block, when the pressurizing block and the pressurizing pad plate displace, the press block ball array can participate in the action, the pressurizing block and the pressurizing pad plate can slide freely in the X and Y directions, due to the state change of the adhesive film during the heating process, with the expansion and contraction of the sheet metal, the area and volume of the adhesive film also change, in order to make the flow of the adhesive film more suitable for the heat change and better for the bonding quality, the spring control is used to apply the pressure, the pressure is in the central position of the allowable range, the press plate structure is designed as two rectangular steel plates, a set of compression springs is arranged between the steel plates, one spring is arranged every 100 mm, the wire diameter is 5 mm, the lower press plate is welded with a spring stand, which is used for mounting the spring, the upper press plate is provided with a through hole for passing through the spring stand, the top end of the spring stand is processed with a thread, and a double nut is used for tightening, the pressure still relies on the pressure of the pressing top screw bolt, and the pressure value can be calculated through the compression amount of the spring. The upper steel plate is provided with a countersunk hole at the position of the contact top screw bolt as a positioning, the bottom surface of the lower steel plate is provided with a press block ball array, and a ball press plate is used to realize the ball limiting, the ball press plate and the lower steel plate are fixed through screws to clamp the press block ball array, the ball array is a rectangular array, and the ball spacing is 40 mm.

[0024] For the bonding of the skin source sheet metal with a width of less than 300 mm, the bonding requirement can be met by locally heating and bonding the amplification area, and the above device configuration can be realized.

[0025] When the width exceeds 300 mm, the source sheet metal is deformed greatly due to local heating and local expansion. Specifically, the heated and expanded deformation of the source sheet metal bonding area mainly expands and lengthens along the Y direction, and the unheated area of the source sheet metal does not expand, the heated area of the source sheet metal is restrained by the unheated area and cannot smoothly extend linearly along the Y direction, the edge of the joint is bent under the limitation of the un-deformed area, and the deformation is in a fan shape, the gap between the joints becomes uneven, the middle position is small, and the gap at both ends becomes large, after heat preservation, the adhesive film has solidified, even if the deformation is reduced after cooling, but the deformation of the source sheet metal in the bonding area cannot be restored, for this situation, the following treatment scheme is adopted.

[0026] By heating the whole skin source sheet metal, local thermal expansion and deformation is avoided. The specific measures are as follows: lay the heat insulation pad on the aluminum plate of the trailer type frame, support the skin source sheet metal on the upper surface of the heat insulation pad, lay the electric heating adhesive tape on the upper surface of the skin source sheet metal in parallel, the silicone tape needs to cover all parts of the source sheet metal except the bonding and heating area, and then lay another layer of heat insulation pad on the silicone tape to prevent heat loss and improve heat utilization rate.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0028] The aluminum alloy skin material amplification method of the present application is designed with strictness, reliable strength, reasonable size and mature manufacturing process; the matched device is simple in structure, easy to install and low in cost; the amplification operation of large-scale skin material can be realized, and the normal amplification of 6-meter-long skin material can be realized; the device is not only suitable for the amplification of aluminum alloy skin, but also effective for the amplification of other metal material plates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Fig. 1(a) is a schematic view of XZ axis of skin material amplification principle;

[0030] Fig. 1(b) is a schematic view of XY axis of skin material amplification principle;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic view of skin transverse stretching;

[0032] Figure 3 Structure diagram of skin source plate amplification bonding device;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic view of skin source plate amplification construction structure;

[0034] Fig. 5(a) is a top view of the structure of the amplification plate support frame;

[0035] Fig. 5(b) is a left view of the structure of the amplification plate support frame;

[0036] Figure 6 Structure diagram of trailer type frame;

[0037] Figure 7 View of trailer type frame;

[0038] Figure 8 Structure diagram of new type pressure block;

[0039] Figure 9 Structure view of new type pressure block.

[0040] In the figure: 1 skin source plate, 2 amplification plate, 3 adhesive film, 4 adhesive lower surface auxiliary plate, 5 adhesive upper surface auxiliary plate, 6 skin mold, 7 skin forming area, 8 skin overhanging transition section, 9 clamp head; 10 skin clamping area, 11 adhesive platform, 12 platform edge support, 13 middle support, 14 upper frame, 15 a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms, 16 pressure block, 17 pressure top screw bolt, 18 adhesive platform midline, 19 lower heat insulation pad, 20 electric heating adhesive tape, 21 upper heat insulation pad, 22 pressure pad, 23 support frame, 24 support seat, 25 aluminum alloy profile, 26 X-direction aluminum alloy profile, 27 trailer type frame, 28 main frame, 29 skin plate support surface layer, 30 foot, 31 handle, 32 screw structure, 33 guide structure, 34 extension drawer frame, 35 pressure block ball array, 36 upper steel plate, 37 lower steel plate, 38 spring, 39 spring column, 40 double nut, 41 countersunk hole, 42 ball pressing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in combination with the technical solutions.

[0042] A skin source plate amplification and bonding device, comprising an adhesive platform 11, platform edge supports 12 and middle supports 13, an upper frame 14, a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms 15, a pressure block 16, a pressure top screw bolt 17, and an adhesive platform midline 18.

[0043] The adhesive platform 11 requires sufficient rigidity to ensure that the platform support plane is not easily deformed, so the reinforcing structure in the legend is adopted. The adhesive platform 11 is connected to the two platform edge supports 12 and the middle supports 13 through a bolt assembly. The platform edge supports 12 function to ensure the balance stability of the adhesive platform 11 and prevent it from collapsing. The middle supports 13 function to provide support for the midpoint position of the adhesive platform 11 in the length direction and prevent the midpoint position from collapsing due to stress. Directly above the adhesive platform 11 is the upper frame 14, which functions to provide a downward pressure support platform for the adhesive platform 11. The upper frame 14 also has a strict rigidity requirement, and the upright plate, surrounding frame, and reinforcing rib structure in the legend are adopted to ensure that the pressure support platform plane is not easily deformed. The upper frame 14 is connected and fixed to the adhesive platform 11 below through a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms 15 at both ends to prevent over-positioning assembly. A certain space is reserved between the upper frame 14 support plane and the support plane of the adhesive platform 11 below for bonding operations. The reserved space is about 6.5 meters along the Y direction, which can provide amplification processing for skin source plates 1 with a length L 1Y of 6 meters or less. The adhesive platform 11 support plane is about 1 meter along the X direction, so the maximum L X3 can reach 1 meter.

[0044] The adhesive platform 11 supports the plane scribing longitudinal adhesive platform plane center line 18, which is the source of the board material 1 and the amplification of the board material 2 to the seam line. During the bonding operation, the adhesive platform 11 supports the plane in the order of placing the lower heat insulation pad 19, the electric heating tape 20, the lower surface bonding auxiliary board material 4, the lower layer of adhesive film 3, the source of the board material 1 and the amplification of the board material 2, the upper layer of adhesive film 3, the upper surface bonding auxiliary board material 5, the electric heating tape 20, the upper heat insulation pad 21, a length of the press pad 22, the press block 16, and the press block 16. The press method uses the press top screw bolt 17 from the upper frame bottom edge to apply pressure to the lower press block 16 by clockwise screwing the press top screw bolt 17. The press block 16 is pressed by the end of the press top screw bolt 17 of the upper frame 14. The tightening torque of the top screw bolt is calculated to obtain the pressing pressure. In this example, the process requires a pressing pressure of 0.3-0.6 MP. The press block 16 is simple in structure and uses I-beam as raw material. The upper and lower planes of the I-beam are milled. The press block can be divided into several small blocks along the Y direction, and the pressure can be applied separately. It is convenient to operate.

[0045] Because the amplification of the board material 2 may extend beyond the edge of the adhesive platform 11 support plane in the X direction, sometimes it will extend for a long time. In order to avoid the inconvenience of placing the amplification of the board material 2, a support frame 23 is needed, which includes a support seat 24, a Y direction aluminum alloy profile 25 supported by the support seat 24 and an X direction aluminum alloy profile 26. Several support seats 24 are screwed and fixed on the vertical plane of the adhesive platform 11. The aluminum alloy profile 25 falls on the upper surface of the support seat 24 and is connected with the support seat 24 by bolts. The aluminum alloy profile 25 falls on the upper surface of the profile and is connected with it by bolts. The upper plane of the support frame 23 is slightly higher than the support plane of the adhesive platform 11, and the height difference is the height of the lower heat insulation pad 19, the electric heating tape 20, the lower surface bonding auxiliary board material 4 and the lower layer of adhesive film 3.

[0046] Referring to Figure 6 , the skin source board material 1 extends beyond the edge of the adhesive platform 11 support plane, and a separate trailer type frame 27 is used as support. The trailer type frame 27 mainly includes a main frame 28, a skin board material support surface layer 29, a bottom foot 30 and a handle 31.

[0047] The main frame 28 is made of aluminum alloy profile assembly, six rectangular structure, each side has a frame, and the reinforcing rib to ensure the stability of the structure. The skin plate supporting surface layer 29 is on the plane of the main frame 28, rectangular, about 6 meters long, on the basis of the four edge frame structure, the frame is increased by several grid rib, the rib not only strengthens the main structure of the skin plate supporting surface layer 29, but also provides the grid surface support. The function of the skin plate supporting surface layer 29 is to support the skin source plate 1, and has the function of lifting up and down, which is realized by four pairs of screw structure 32 and guide structure 33. The screw nut is fixed on the main frame 28, and the skin plate supporting surface layer 29 is lifted by rotating the screw. The guide sleeve of the guide structure 33 is fixed on the main frame 28 by screw, and the guide shaft is fixed on the supporting surface layer 29 frame profile. The width of the skin plate supporting surface layer 29 is adjustable, and the adjustable range is 1.5-3 meters, the main width is 1.5 meters, the width is expanded by several extension drawer frame 34, every two parallel circular tube aluminum profile as drawer telescopic rod, one side end connected with drawer door, the other side into 2-3 profile hole, end set limit pin, through pin 0° and 90° adjustment to realize the stroke limit function of telescopic rod, extension drawer frame 34 every side 3, bilateral pull can realize the maximum width of 3 meters.

[0048] The bottom of the main frame 28 is provided with 4-8 bottom feet 30, the bottom feet 30 are provided with stop function of the wheel, the handle 31 is installed on the side of the main frame 28, the handle 31 is composed of curved aluminum alloy pipe and aluminum plate welded on the end, and is fixed on the side of the main frame 28 by screwing. The trailer frame 27 is not only used for supporting the plate 1 during the adhesion of the skin plate, but also can be used for transporting the skin and other operations.

[0049] An aluminum alloy skin plate amplification method, the steps are as follows:

[0050] First step: preparation, according to the process requirement and calculation, the size of the skin source plate 1, the amplification plate 2, the adhesion lower surface auxiliary plate 4 and the adhesion upper surface auxiliary plate 5 is obtained, and the machine tool is controlled to cut;

[0051] Process requirement: the stretching direction of the skin needs to be determined, and then the stretching position is determined. The two edges along the stretching direction are used as the stretching reference line. A piece of stretching sheet 2 is bonded to the skin source sheet 1 on both ends along the stretching direction, and the gap between the two pieces of sheet is not greater than 0.5 mm. The requirement for the stretching sheet 2 is that the straightness of the opposite edges of the part itself is not greater than 0.25 mm / 1 m. The lower surface auxiliary sheet 4 and the upper surface auxiliary sheet 5 are symmetrically bonded to the stretching sheet 2 and the skin source sheet 1 with the joint between the two sheets as the symmetric plane, so as to ensure that the bonding degree on both sides of the joint is consistent and the maximum shear force is equal. During the stretching of the skin, the skin can be divided into a skin mold 6, a skin forming area 7, a skin suspension transition section 8, and a skin clamping area 10 of a clamp head 9 along the stretching direction. The bonding area needs to be located in the skin suspension transition section 8 and is only subjected to tensile stress, and is not allowed to be subjected to bending stress.

[0052] The size calculation of the stretching sheet 2, the lower surface auxiliary sheet 4, and the upper surface auxiliary sheet 5: the skin breaking force is calculated as F 1X拉断力 = σb × L 1Y × L 1Z , σb is the tensile strength of the source sheet 1, L 1Y is the size of the skin source sheet 1 in the Y direction, and L 1Z is the size of the source sheet 1 in the Z direction, i.e. the thickness.

[0053] The adhesive film shear force of the bonding area is F b = 2 × τ 1Y × L 3X × 1 / 2 × L b , τ 1Y is the shear strength of the adhesive film failure, L X胶膜剪脱力 is the size of the stretching sheet 2 in the Y direction, which is the same as that of the skin source sheet 1. Since the adhesive film shear force of the bonding area is F 3X is the size of the bonding auxiliary sheet 3 in the X direction, i.e. the size of the bonding area in the X direction, and thus the bonding area is the sum of the bonding areas of the upper and lower auxiliary bonding sheets, i.e. 2 × L 1Y × L 3X , and since the joint position of the skin source sheet 1 and the stretching sheet 2 is in the center of the bonding area, the effective adhesive film in the X direction has a size of half of the size of the auxiliary bonding sheets 3 and 4 in the X direction. When F X胶膜剪脱力 = F 1X breaking force, the tensile strength requirement can be met, and thus the size of the bonding area in the X direction is σ b × L 1Z / τ b , i.e. the size of the auxiliary bonding sheets 3 and 4 in the X direction. The length of the suspension transition section 33 needs to be not less than the size of the bonding area in the X direction, and thus the size of the stretching sheet 2 in the X direction is determined to be not less than 1 / 2 × L 3X+ jaw clamping depth, L 3X For the X direction size of the bonding auxiliary plate 3, the jaw clamping depth is generally 50-100mm.

[0054] Second step: After the bonding surface is polished, 800# gauze is used.

[0055] Third step: acetone is used to clean the polished surface to ensure that the bonding surface is free of metal debris.

[0056] Fourth step: primer is applied and air-dried for 20 minutes. The primer serves to ensure that the adhesive film 3 is firmly bonded to the skin source plate material 1, the amplification plate material 2, the lower bonding surface auxiliary plate material 4, and the upper bonding surface auxiliary plate material 5.

[0057] Fifth step: according to the placement order from bottom to top, the lower thermal insulation pad 19, the electric heating tape 20, the lower bonding surface auxiliary plate material 4, the lower adhesive film 3, the source plate material 1 and the amplification plate material 2, the upper adhesive film 3, the upper bonding surface auxiliary plate material 5, the electric heating tape 20, the upper thermal insulation pad 21, a lengthwise pressure pad 22, and the pressure block 16 are placed in sequence on the bonding platform 11. The size of the lower thermal insulation pad 19, the upper thermal insulation pad 21, and the electric heating tape 20 is determined according to the size of the bonding platform 11, and the size is consistent with the bonding platform 11, and is 0-20mm larger than the X direction size of the bonding platform 11. After placement, the pressure is tightened by rotating the pressure top screw bolt 17, and the pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MP. The tightening force is determined by a fixed torque wrench.

[0058] Sixth step: the electric heating tape 20 is powered on and heated. A patch temperature sensor is used to observe the temperature value. When the plate temperature reaches about 110℃, the heating power is reduced, and the temperature is maintained for 2 hours.

[0059] Seventh step: after 2 hours, the heating is stopped, and the air is naturally cooled and cooled down for 1-2 hours. When the temperature is about 30℃, the pressure is unloaded, and the bonding is completed.

[0060] During the process of pressing and heating the sheet, the sheet expands and shrinks with the temperature. Even if the heat insulation pad 19 is used, some heat still passes through the heat insulation pad to the pressing pad plate 22 under the pressing block 16, and the pressing pad also expands and shrinks with the heat, which causes the friction and sliding between the bottom surface of the pressing block 16 and the pressing pad plate 22. Therefore, the structure of the pressing block is improved, and the array of pressing block balls 35 is added to the bottom surface of the pressing block 16. When the pressing block 16 and the pressing pad plate 22 displace, the array of pressing block balls 35 can participate in the action, and the pressing block 16 and the pressing pad plate 22 can slide freely in the X and Y directions. Since the state of the film 3 changes during the heating process, the area and volume of the film also change with the expansion and shrink of the sheet. In order to make the flow of the film more suitable for the change of heat and better for the bonding quality, the spring control is used to apply the pressure, and the pressure is in the central position of the allowable range. The structure of the pressing pad is designed as two rectangular steel plates, and a set of compression springs 38 is arranged between the steel plates. One spring 38 is arranged every 100 mm, and the wire diameter is 5 mm. The lower pressing plate is welded with a spring stand 39 for installing the spring 38. The upper pressing plate 36 is provided with a through hole for passing through the spring stand 39. The top end of the spring stand 39 is threaded, and a double nut 40 is used for tightening. The pressure value can be calculated by the compression amount of the spring. The upper steel plate 36 is provided with a countersunk hole 41 at the position of contacting the top screw bolt as a positioning. The bottom surface of the lower steel plate 37 is provided with the array of pressing block balls 35, and the ball pressing plate 42 is used to limit the balls. The ball pressing plate 42 is fixed to the lower steel plate 37 by screws to clamp the array of pressing block balls 35. The array of pressing block balls is a rectangular array, and the distance between the balls is 40 mm.

[0061] For the bonding of the skin source sheet with a width of less than 300 mm, the bonding can be realized by locally heating and bonding the expansion area.

[0062] When the width exceeds 300 mm, the source sheet 1 is deformed greatly due to the local heating and local expansion. Specifically, the heated area of the source sheet 1 expands and deforms mainly in the Y direction, and the unheated area of the source sheet 1 does not expand. The heated area of the source sheet 1 is restricted by the unheated area and cannot expand linearly in the Y direction. Under the limitation of the unheated area, the edge of the joint is bent, and the deformation is in a fan shape. The gap between the joints becomes uneven, and the gap is small in the middle position and large at both ends. After the heat preservation, the film is solidified, and the deformation is reduced after cooling. However, the deformation of the source sheet 1 in the bonding area cannot be restored. For this situation, the following treatment scheme is adopted.

[0063] By heating the whole of the skin source sheet 1, local thermal expansion deformation is avoided. The specific measures are as follows: laying a heat insulation pad on the aluminum plate of the trailer type frame 27, supporting the skin source sheet 1 on the upper surface of the heat insulation pad, laying the electric heating adhesive tape on the upper surface of the skin source sheet 1, covering all parts of the source sheet 1 except the bonding heating area with the silicon adhesive tape, and laying another layer of heat insulation pad on the silicon adhesive tape to prevent heat loss and improve heat utilization.

[0064] The above-described embodiments only express the implementation manners of the present application, but cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present application patent. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A skin stock material amplification bonding apparatus characterized by, It comprises a bonding platform (11), platform edge support feet (12) and middle support feet (13), an upper frame (14), a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms (15), a pressing block (16), a pressing top screw bolt (17), a bonding platform plane center line (18); The bonding platform (11) is connected with the two platform edge support feet (12) and the middle support feet (13) through a bolt assembly, and the upper frame (14) is above the bonding platform (11), which provides a downward pressure support platform for the bonding platform (11); the upper frame (14) is connected with the bonding platform (11) below through a pair of upper and lower frame connecting hinge mechanisms (15) at both ends to prevent over-positioning assembly; a certain space is reserved between the upper frame (14) support plane and the bonding platform (11) support plane below for bonding operation; The bonding platform (11) support plane is marked with a longitudinal bonding platform plane center line (18), which is a joint line of the source plate (1) and the amplification plate (2); during bonding operation, the bonding platform (11) support plane is sequentially placed with the lower thermal insulation pad (19), the electric heating adhesive tape (20), the bonding lower surface auxiliary plate (4), the lower adhesive film (3), the source plate (1) and the amplification plate (2), the upper adhesive film (3), the bonding upper surface auxiliary plate (5), the electric heating adhesive tape (20), the upper thermal insulation pad (21), the full-length pressing pad (22), and the pressing block (16); the pressing mode adopts the clockwise screwing of the pressing top screw bolt (17) from the bottom edge of the upper frame to apply pressure to the pressing block (16) below; the pressing block (16) is pressed by the end of the pressing top screw bolt (17) of the upper frame (14), and the pressing force is calculated by the tightening torque of the top screw bolt; The amplification plate (2) extends out of the edge of the bonding platform (11) support plane in the X direction, and a support frame (23) is added, which comprises a support seat (24), a Y-direction aluminum alloy profile (25) supported by the support seat (24), and an X-direction aluminum alloy profile (26); several support seats (24) are screwed and fixed on the vertical plate surface of the bonding platform (11), the aluminum alloy profile (25) falls on the upper surface of the support seat (24) and is connected with the support seat (24) through a bolt, and the aluminum alloy profile (25) falls on the upper surface of the profile and is connected with it through a bolt; the upper surface of the support frame (23) is slightly higher than the support surface of the bonding platform (11), and the height difference is the height of the lower thermal insulation pad (19), the electric heating adhesive tape (20), the bonding lower surface auxiliary plate (4), and the lower adhesive film (3). The skin source plate (1) extends the bonding platform (11) support plane edge part more, adopts the single trailer type frame (27) as the support; The skin plate support surface layer (29) is on the plane of the main frame (28), rectangular, about 6 meters long, on the basis of the four edge frame structure, increase several grid rib in the frame, the rib not only strengthens the main structure of the skin plate support surface layer (29), but also provides the grid surface support; The function of the skin plate support surface layer (29) is to hold the skin source plate (1), and has the up and down lifting function, the function is realized through four pairs of screw rod structure (32) and guide structure 33, the screw rod nut is fixed on the main frame (28), the skin plate support surface layer (29) is lifted by the rotation of the screw rod, the guide sleeve of the guide structure 33 is fixed on the main frame (28) by screw, and the guide shaft is fixed on the support surface layer 29 frame section; The pressing block (16) is provided with a pressing ball array (35) on the bottom surface of the pressing block (16) during the pressing and heating process of the plate, when the pressing block (16) and the pressing pad (22) are displaced, the pressing ball array (35) can participate in the action, the pressing block (16) and the pressing pad (22) are freely slid in X and Y directions, the pressing plate structure is designed as two rectangular steel plates, a set of compression springs (38) are arranged between the steel plates, one is arranged every 100 mm, the wire diameter is 5 mm, the lower pressing plate is welded with a spring stand (39) for mounting the spring (38), the upper pressing plate (36) is provided with a through hole for passing through the spring stand (39), the top end of the spring stand (39) is threaded, and the pressure is tightened by double nuts (40), the pressure value can be calculated by the compression amount of the spring; The upper steel plate (36) is provided with a countersunk hole (41) at the position of the contact top screw bolt as a positioning, the lower steel plate (37) is provided with a pressing ball array (35) on the bottom surface, and a ball pressing plate (42) is used to realize the ball limiting, the ball pressing plate (42) and the lower steel plate (37) are fixed by screws to clamp the pressing ball array (35), and the ball array is a rectangular array with a ball spacing of 40 mm.

2. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized by The bottom of the main frame (28) is provided with 4-8 bottom feet (30), the bottom feet (30) are provided with stop function casters, and the side edges of the main frame (28) are provided with handles (31), the handles (31) are composed of curved aluminum alloy pipes and aluminum plates welded at the ends of the pipes, and are fixed on the side edges of the main frame (28) by screwing.

3. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized by The trailer frame (27) comprises a main frame (28), a skin plate support surface layer (29), bottom feet (30) and handles (31).

4. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized by The main frame (28) is entirely made of aluminum alloy profiles, and has a six-surface rectangular structure, each surface has a surrounding frame and a reinforcing rib to ensure structural stability.

5. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein The main frame (28) is entirely made of aluminum alloy profiles, and has a six-surface rectangular structure, each surface has a surrounding frame and a reinforcing rib to ensure structural stability.

6. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or 2 or 5, characterized by The skin plate support surface layer (29) is adjustable in width, the adjustable range is 1.5-3 meters, the main body width is 1.5 meters, the expansion drawer frame (34) is used to realize the expansion of the width, every two parallel round pipe aluminum profiles are used as drawer telescopic rods, one side end is connected with a drawer door, the other side is deeply inserted into 2-3 profile through holes, the end is provided with a limiting pin, the telescopic rod is limited in stroke through the adjustment of the pin at 0° and 90°, there are three on each side of the expansion drawer frame (34), and the maximum width of 3 meters can be realized through the pulling of the two sides.

7. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein The skin plate support surface layer (29) is adjustable in width, the adjustable range is 1.5-3 meters, the main body width is 1.5 meters, the expansion drawer frame (34) is used to realize the expansion of the width, every two parallel round pipe aluminum profiles are used as drawer telescopic rods, one side end is connected with a drawer door, the other side is deeply inserted into 2-3 profile through holes, the end is provided with a limiting pin, the telescopic rod is limited in stroke through the adjustment of the pin at 0° and 90°, there are three on each side of the expansion drawer frame (34), and the maximum width of 3 meters can be realized through the pulling of the two sides.

8. A skin stock blank amplification bonding apparatus as set forth in claim 4, characterized by The skin plate support surface layer (29) is adjustable in width, the adjustable range is 1.5-3 meters, the main body width is 1.5 meters, the expansion drawer frame (34) is used to realize the expansion of the width, every two parallel round pipe aluminum profiles are used as drawer telescopic rods, one side end is connected with a drawer door, the other side is deeply inserted into 2-3 profile through holes, the end is provided with a limiting pin, the telescopic rod is limited in stroke through the adjustment of the pin at 0° and 90°, there are three on each side of the expansion drawer frame (34), and the maximum width of 3 meters can be realized through the pulling of the two sides.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The steps are as follows: (1) material preparation, according to the process requirements and calculation, the size of the skin source plate (1), the width increasing plate (2), the adhesive lower surface auxiliary plate (4) and the adhesive upper surface auxiliary plate (5) is obtained, and the numerical machine bed control is cut; (2) the adhesive surface is polished, 800# gauze is used; (3) acetone is used to clean and polish the surface, and the adhesive surface is ensured to be free of metal debris; (4) the primer is brushed, and the primer is air-dried for 20 minutes, the function of the primer is to ensure that the adhesive film (3) is firmly bonded with the skin source plate (1), the width increasing plate (2), the adhesive lower surface auxiliary plate (4) and the adhesive upper surface auxiliary plate (5); (5) according to the placing order from bottom to top, the lower heat insulation pad (19), the electric heating adhesive tape (20), the adhesive lower surface auxiliary plate (4), the lower adhesive film (3), the source plate (1) and the width increasing plate (2), the upper adhesive film (3), the adhesive upper surface auxiliary plate (5), the electric heating adhesive tape (20), the upper heat insulation pad (21), the pressure pad (22) and the pressure block (16) are sequentially laid on the adhesive platform (11); wherein the size of the lower heat insulation pad (19), the upper heat insulation pad (21) and the electric heating adhesive tape (20) is determined according to the size of the adhesive platform (11), the size is consistent with the size of the adhesive platform (11), and the X-direction size is 0-20mm larger than the X-direction size of the adhesive platform (11); after the laying is completed, the pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.5MP through the rotation of the pressure top screw bolt (17), and the pressure is determined through the fixed torque wrench; (6) The electric heating adhesive tape (20) is powered to heat, and a patch temperature sensor is used to observe the temperature value. When the plate temperature reaches about 110 DEG C, the heating power is reduced, and the temperature is kept for 2 hours; (7) After 2 hours, stop heating, and cool down naturally by air. When the temperature is about 30 DEG C, unload the pressure, and complete the bonding; During the plate pressing and temperature rising process, the pressing block (16) is provided with a pressing block ball array (35) on the bottom surface. When the pressing block (16) and the pressing pad (22) are displaced, the pressing block ball array (35) can participate in the action. The pressing block (16) and the pressing pad (22) are freely slidable in X and Y directions. The pressing plate structure is designed as two rectangular steel plates. A set of compression springs (38) are arranged between the steel plates. One spring (38) is arranged every 100 mm, and the wire diameter is 5 mm. The lower pressing plate is welded with a spring column (39) for mounting the spring (38). The upper pressing plate (36) is provided with a through hole for passing through the spring column (39). The top end of the spring column (39) is threaded and tightened by double nuts (40). The pressure value can be calculated by the compression amount of the spring. The upper steel plate (36) is provided with a countersunk hole (41) at the position of the contact top screw bolt for positioning. The lower steel plate (37) is provided with a pressing block ball array (35), and a ball pressing plate (42) is used to limit the ball. The ball pressing plate (42) and the lower steel plate (37) are fixed by screws to clamp the pressing block ball array (35). The ball array is a rectangular array, and the ball spacing is 40 mm.

10. A method of increasing the yield of an aluminum alloy skin panel as defined in claim 9 wherein, The process requirement of step 1 is that the stretching direction of the skin is determined, and then the stretching position is determined. The two edges along the stretching direction are used as the stretching reference line. A piece of stretching plate (2) is bonded to the skin source plate (1) on both ends along the stretching direction, and the gap between the two edges is not greater than 0.5 mm. The requirement for the stretching plate (2) is that the straight line of the opposite edge of the part itself is not greater than 0.25 mm / 1 m. The lower surface auxiliary plate (4) and the upper surface auxiliary plate (5) are symmetrically bonded to the joint between the stretching plate (2) and the skin source plate (1) as the symmetric surface to ensure that the bonding degree on both sides of the joint is consistent, and the maximum shear force is equal. During the stretching process of the skin, the skin can be divided into a skin mold (6), a skin forming area (7), a skin suspended transition section (8), and a skin clamping area (10) of a clamp (9). The bonding area is located in the skin suspended transition section (8) and is only subjected to tensile stress, and is not allowed to be bent under stress.

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