Universal tool for punching holes in beams

Abstract

The present invention discloses a novel universal tool for punching beams, comprising a base, a horizontal positioning mechanism disposed on the base and used to horizontally position the beams, and a height positioning mechanism disposed on the base and used to vertically position the beams. The horizontal positioning mechanism comprises a pushing mechanism, a bearing roller mechanism, and a cam wheel assembly mechanism, respectively disposed on the base, wherein the movement direction of the pushing mechanism, the center of the base, and the centerline of the cam wheel assembly are aligned. The height positioning mechanism comprises a bracket assembly, a positioning rod mechanism, and a spring assembly, respectively disposed on the bracket assembly. The tool has a reliable structure and excellent performance. The horizontal and height positioning mechanisms are used to position the beams in multiple directions, ensuring stable performance during beam punching. Adjustments can be made to suit beam types, lengths, and other factors, resulting in excellent versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing and assembling large-diameter thin-walled cylindrical riveted parts, and in particular to a novel universal tool for punching holes in stringers. Background Art

[0002] Schematic diagram of riveting between trusses and skins in large diameter thin-walled cylindrical riveted parts Figure 1 As shown. The fixed beam is the T-shaped truss. After the T-shaped truss, middle frame, end frame and other riveted parts are assembled, the skin needs to be wrapped around the outer surface of the cylinder. The rivet holes in the truss are first expanded, and then the rivet holes in the skin (skin thickness 1.2-1.5mm) are matched. Finally, the skin is riveted to the T-shaped truss. The rivet holes of the T-shaped truss need to be drilled first. The distance between the two rivet holes is less than or equal to 50mm according to aerospace specifications.

[0003] There are two main methods for processing the rivet holes on traditional trusses that are riveted to the skin: one is the marking method, which involves marking directly on the T-shaped truss, determining the hole location, and then directly drilling the holes on a machine tool. However, the marking method results in large dimensional errors. The second is the mold method, which involves manufacturing a rectangular mold with holes that are the same size, number, and location as the designed holes on the truss. The first hole is then marked on the truss, and the mold is then attached to the truss. The remaining holes are then machined through the holes in the mold. However, the mold method uses a specialized mold that is different for different truss types, is not universal, and has poor results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a new universal tool for punching holes on trusses to solve the problems of large errors or insufficient versatility in the existing riveting holes made on trusses.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problem with the following technical solution: a new type of universal tool for punching beams, comprising a base, a horizontal positioning mechanism provided on the base and used for horizontally positioning the beams, and a height positioning mechanism provided on the base and used for height-positioning the beams;

[0006] The horizontal positioning mechanism includes a pushing mechanism, a bearing roller mechanism and a cam wheel mechanism respectively arranged on the base, wherein the movement direction of the pushing mechanism, the center of the base and the center line of the cam wheel mechanism are located on the same straight line;

[0007] The height direction positioning mechanism includes a bracket assembly and a positioning rod mechanism and a spring assembly respectively arranged on the bracket assembly;

[0008] The positioning rod mechanism includes two sets of slide rail assemblies that are relatively and spaced apart, an upper magnet assembly located between the two sets of slide rail assemblies and sliding vertically along the slide rail assemblies, and a positioning rod assembly that slides horizontally along the slide rail assemblies. The positioning rod mechanism is movably connected to the spring assembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing block provided on the base, a pushing block connected to the pushing block and sliding along the inside of the pushing block, a roller seat connected to the end of the pushing block away from the pushing block, a limiting pushing block connected to the end face of the roller seat away from the pushing block, and a bearing block covering the limiting pushing block and sliding along the limiting pushing block, the bearing block is provided with a through hole, and a roller is provided in the roller seat to rotate around the hole;

[0010] A pushing spring is arranged inside the pushing block, and the pushing block is connected to the pushing spring and slides in the pushing block along the compression direction of the pushing spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the bearing roller mechanism includes two bearing roller seats arranged on the base and a bearing roller rotatably arranged between the two bearing roller seats, and the apex of the bearing roller and the upper surface of the bearing block are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0012] Furthermore, the cam wheel assembly mechanism includes a hinge shaft, a cam having three limiting arcs, and a limiting wheel coaxially arranged with the cam and rotating synchronously, the hinge shaft sequentially passing through the cam, the limiting wheel and the base, so that the cam, the limiting wheel and the base rotate relative to each other along the hinge shaft, and the bottom surface of the cam contacts the upper surface of the base;

[0013] The cam is provided with a circular groove that is consistent with the distribution of the limiting arc, and the limiting wheel is provided with three rotating rollers evenly distributed around its circumference, and the rotating rollers correspond to the limiting arc of the cam;

[0014] An arc-shaped notch is opened along the circumferential direction of the limiting wheel. The rotating roller is arranged in the arc-shaped notch through a positioning screw, and the rotating roller rotates along the positioning screw.

[0015] Furthermore, the base includes a base body, a reversing positioning column arranged on the base body, and a ball arranged in a ball mounting hole on the base body, the reversing positioning column is inserted into the base and fastened by a fastening screw, the reversing positioning column protrudes from the bottom surface of the base body, and the hinge shaft does not protrude from the bottom surface of the base;

[0016] The ball mounting holes of the base body are distributed on the line connecting the midpoint of the middle circular hole of the base body and the midpoint of the hinge hole of the cam wheel assembly mechanism, and cooperate with the circular groove on the bottom surface of the cam, so that a certain limiting arc of the cam and the limiting wheel and the rotating roller are oriented towards the midpoint of the middle circular hole of the base.

[0017] Furthermore, the slide rail assembly includes a slide rail body with an L-shaped structure, a vertical slide groove and a horizontal slide groove opened in the slide rail body, and a limit block arranged in the horizontal slide groove, and the limit block is arranged close to the direction of the upper magnet assembly, and a lower magnet is arranged below the end of the horizontal slide groove away from the limit block, the positioning rod group slides along the horizontal slide groove, and the upper magnet assembly slides along the vertical slide groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the positioning rod assembly includes a positioning rod, a sliding magnet arranged on the upper surface of the positioning rod, and a telescopic slider arranged on the upper side of the positioning rod. A groove is provided on the upper side of the positioning rod, and a compression spring is provided in the groove. The telescopic slider is connected to the compression spring and moves along the groove. The spring assembly is movably connected to the positioning rod.

[0019] Furthermore, the spring assembly includes an L-shaped baffle plate provided on the bracket assembly, a spring shaft cooperatively connected between the L-shaped baffle plate and the positioning rod, and a spring provided on the spring shaft. The spring shaft and the positioning rod are hingedly connected by a pin shaft. An elongated hole is provided on the L-shaped baffle plate, and an end of the spring shaft away from the positioning rod extends out of the elongated hole.

[0020] A slide bar is arranged in the L-shaped baffle. The slide bar is inserted into a strip groove on the spring shaft. The strip groove is opened at a portion of the spring shaft close to the L-shaped baffle.

[0021] Furthermore, the upper magnet assembly includes an upper magnet slider, an upper magnet arranged on the lower surface of the upper magnet slider, and square slide bars respectively arranged at both ends of the upper magnet slider, and the square slide bars slide up and down along the vertical slide groove of the slide rail assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, the bracket assembly includes a support plate and pillars arranged at the lower ends of the support plate. The positioning rod mechanism and the spring assembly are arranged on the support plate. The lower surface of the support plate is provided with a square embedded block, and the interior of the pillar is provided with a square groove matching the square embedded block.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the new type of universal tooling for punching beams provided by the present invention has a reliable structure and good performance. The beams are positioned in multiple directions through a horizontal positioning mechanism and a height positioning mechanism, thereby ensuring stable performance during the beam punching process. In the tooling, the pushing mechanism, the bearing roller mechanism, and the cam wheel assembly mechanism cooperate to make corresponding adjustments according to the type and length of the beams, thereby ensuring reliable clamping and accurate positioning of the beams in the horizontal direction. The positioning rod mechanism and the spring assembly cooperate to achieve reliable positioning of the beams in the height direction. During the punching process, the positioning rod is inserted into the punched hole through the cooperation between the upper magnet, the lower magnet, and the spring assembly, thereby ensuring stable punching of multiple holes on the beams, convenient operation, and accurate positioning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the horizontal positioning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the height direction positioning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the pushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the load-bearing roller mechanism in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cam wheel assembly structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the base structure in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the positioning rod mechanism structure in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slide rail assembly in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a front view of the slide rail assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning rod assembly in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional view of the positioning rod assembly in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the spring assembly structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper magnet assembly in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket assembly in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the support structure of the bracket assembly in the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1-base, 2-horizontal positioning mechanism, 3-height positioning mechanism, 20-pushing mechanism, 21-bearing roller mechanism, 22-cam wheel assembly mechanism, 30-bracket assembly, 31-positioning rod mechanism, 32-spring assembly, 310-slide rail assembly, 311-upper magnet assembly, 312-positioning rod assembly, 201-pushing block, 202-pushing block, 203-roller seat, 204-limiting pushing block, 205-bearing block, 206-roller, 207-pushing spring, 210-bearing roller seat, 211-bearing roller, 220-hinge shaft, 221-cam, 222-limiting wheel, 223-arc notch, 224- Rotating roller, 10-base body, 11-reversing positioning column, 12-ball, 3101-slide rail body, 3102-vertical slide groove, 3103-horizontal slide groove, 3104-limit block, 3105-lower magnet, 3120-positioning rod, 3121-sliding magnet, 3122-telescopic slider, 3123-groove, 3124-compression spring, 320-L-shaped baffle, 321-spring shaft, 322-spring, 323-slide rod, 324-bar groove, 3110-upper magnet slider, 3111-upper magnet, 3112-square slide rod, 301-support plate, 302-pillar, 303-square embedded block, 304-square groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a new universal tool for punching beams includes a base 1, a horizontal positioning mechanism 2 mounted on the base 1 for horizontally positioning the beams, and a height positioning mechanism 3 mounted on the base 1 for vertically positioning the beams. The horizontal positioning mechanism 2 and the height positioning mechanism 3 position the beams in multiple directions, ensuring stable performance during the beam punching process.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the horizontal positioning mechanism 2 includes a pushing mechanism 20, a bearing roller mechanism 21, and a cam wheel assembly mechanism 22, which are respectively arranged on the base 1. The movement direction of the pushing mechanism 20, the center of the base 1, and the centerline of the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22 are all aligned. When used in conjunction with a drilling machine, the horizontal positioning mechanism 2 is mounted on the drilling machine's workbench. The drill bit of the drilling machine is aligned with the center of the circular hole in the drilling machine workbench and the center of the central circular hole in the base 1 to achieve positioning with the drilling machine. Through the coordination between the pushing mechanism 20, the bearing roller mechanism 21, and the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22, corresponding adjustments can be made according to the type and length of the stringer, ensuring reliable clamping and accurate positioning of the stringer in the horizontal direction.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the height direction positioning mechanism 3 includes a bracket assembly 30 and a positioning rod mechanism 31 and a spring assembly 32 respectively arranged on the bracket assembly 30; through the cooperation of the positioning rod mechanism 31 and the spring assembly 32, reliable positioning of the height direction of the truss is achieved. During the punching process, the positioning rod 3120 is inserted into the punched hole through the cooperation relationship between the upper magnet 3111, the lower magnet 3105 and the spring assembly 32, thereby ensuring stable punching operation of multiple holes on the truss, convenient operation and accurate positioning.

[0046] like Figures 4 and 5 As shown, the pushing mechanism 20 includes a pushing block 201 provided on the base 1, a push block 202 connected to the pushing block 201 and sliding along the inside of the pushing block 201, a roller seat 203 connected to the end of the pushing block 202 away from the pushing block 201, a limiting pushing block 204 connected to the end face of the roller seat 203 away from the pushing block 202, and a bearing block 205 covering the limiting pushing block 204 and sliding along the limiting pushing block 204, the bearing block 205 having a through hole, and a roller 206 rotating around the roller seat 203. The pushing block 201 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts, and the pushing block 201 and the roller seat 203 are connected by a set screw, which includes a portion of a positioning pin and a portion of a stud. A tightening spring 207 is provided within the tightening block 201. The push block 202 is connected to the tightening spring 207 and slides within the tightening block 201 in the direction of compression of the tightening spring 207. The bearing block 205 is door-shaped and is positioned above the limiting push block 204. A grooved track structure is employed between the bearing block 205 and the limiting push block 204, enabling them to slide relative to each other along the limiting push block 204. A beam is placed on the upper surface of the bearing block 205, and a circular hole is provided on the upper surface to facilitate drilling through the beam.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the bearing roller mechanism 21 includes two bearing roller seats 210 mounted on the base 1 and bearing rollers 211 rotatably disposed between the two bearing roller seats 210. The apex of the bearing rollers 211 is coplanar with the upper surface of the bearing block 205. The bearing roller mechanism 21 comprises two sets, one on either side of the line formed by the pushing mechanism 20 and the cam wheel assembly 22. The bearing rollers 211 support both ends of the beam, improving support and ensuring smooth drilling operations.

[0048] like Figure 7As shown, the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22 includes a hinge shaft 220, a cam 221 having three limiting arcs, and a limiting wheel 222 coaxially arranged with the cam 221. The limiting wheel 222 is fixedly connected to the cam 221 via bolts, allowing the cam 221 and the limiting wheel 222 to rotate synchronously. The hinge shaft 220 passes through the cam 221, the limiting wheel 222, and the base 1 in sequence, allowing the cam 221, the limiting wheel 222, and the base 1 to rotate relative to each other along the hinge shaft 220, with the bottom surface of the cam 221 contacting the upper surface of the base 1. The limiting arcs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cam 221, with an angle of 120° between them. The cam 221 is provided with a circular groove that matches the distribution of the limiting arc. The limiting wheel 222 is evenly distributed around its circumference with three rotating rollers 224. The limiting wheel 222 is provided with an arc-shaped notch 223 along its circumference. The rotating rollers 224 are positioned within the arc-shaped notch 223 by means of set screws and rotate along the set screws. The rotating rollers 224 correspond to the limiting arc of the cam 221. The limiting wheel 222 and the rotating rollers 224 are connected by set screws, and the rotating rollers 224 can rotate along the set screws. The rotating rollers 224 can have three maximum distances from the center of the limiting wheel 222, corresponding to the three limiting arcs of the cam 221. The limiting arcs of the cam 221 affect the position of the limiting push block 204, which in turn affects the position of the roller 206. Together with the rotating rollers 224 on the limiting wheel 222, the beams can be compressed horizontally. During use, the size of the beam is determined according to the needs, and then the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22 is rotated according to the beam size, so that the limiting arc corresponding to the cam 221 contacts the limiting push block 204, and the ball 12 on the base 1 assembly is embedded in the circular groove on the cam 221 corresponding to this limiting arc, so that when the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22 is rotated to different positions, the beam of the corresponding size can be clamped.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown, the base 1 includes a base body 10, a reversing positioning post 11 disposed on the base body 10, and a ball 12 disposed in a ball 12 mounting hole on the base body 10. The reversing positioning post 11 is inserted into the base 1 and fastened by a set screw. The reversing positioning post 11 protrudes from the bottom surface of the base body 10, while the hinge shaft 220 does not protrude from the bottom surface of the base 1. The base body 10 has a positioning hole for supporting the roller seat 210 and the stopper. The positioning screw is connected by a set screw. The set screw, which has a pin at the front and a stud at the rear, is inserted from the back of the base body 10 into the component to be connected. The bolt portion is screwed into the component to be connected, and the head of the set screw is sunk into the base body 10. The ball 12 is an interference fit and is knocked into the ball 12 mounting hole in the base body 10. The mounting holes of the ball 12 of the base body 10 are distributed on the line connecting the midpoint of the middle circular hole of the base body 10 and the midpoint of the hinge hole of the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22, and cooperate with the circular groove on the bottom surface of the cam 221, so that a certain limiting arc of the cam 221 and the limiting wheel 222 and the rotating roller 224 are facing the midpoint of the middle circular hole of the base 1.

[0050] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the positioning rod mechanism 31 includes two sets of slide rail assemblies 310 arranged opposite and spaced apart, an upper magnet assembly 311 located between the two sets of slide rail assemblies 310 and sliding vertically along the slide rail assemblies 310, and a positioning rod assembly 312 sliding horizontally along the slide rail assembly 310. The positioning rod mechanism 31 is movably connected to the spring assembly 32. The slide rail assembly 310 includes an L-shaped slide rail body 3101, a vertical slide groove 3102 and a horizontal slide groove 3103 provided within the slide rail body 3101, and a limit block 3104 provided within the horizontal slide groove 3103. The limit block 3104 is provided near the upper magnet assembly 311. A lower magnet 3105 is provided below the end of the horizontal slide groove 3103 away from the limit block 3104. The positioning rod assembly 312 slides along the horizontal slide groove 3103, and the upper magnet assembly 311 slides along the vertical slide groove 3102. The upper magnet assembly 311 slides vertically along the slide rail assembly 310, while the positioning rod assembly 312 slides horizontally along the slide rail assembly 310. The horizontal chutes 3103 of the two sets of slide rail assemblies 310 have opposite trajectories. The position of the limit block 3104 is located at the sliding end point of the horizontal chutes 3103, which also serves as the starting point for automatic rebound. The design of the limit block 3104 limits the sliding distance of the positioning rod assembly 312 and prevents the slider in the positioning rod assembly 312 from sliding in the opposite direction. A lower magnet 3105 is disposed within the horizontal chutes 3103, below the end away from the limit block 3104. The lower magnet 3105 is located at the sliding starting point of the horizontal chutes 3103 and serves as the automatic rebound end point. The design of the lower magnet 3105 effectively prevents insufficient thrust from the spring 322 when the positioning rod assembly 312 approaches the automatic rebound end point, thereby attracting the positioning rod assembly 312 to the sliding starting point.

[0051] like Figures 12 to 13As shown, the positioning rod assembly 312 includes a positioning rod 3120, a sliding magnet 3121 disposed on the upper surface of the positioning rod 3120, and a telescopic slider 3122 disposed on the upper side of the positioning rod 3120. A groove 3123 is formed on the upper side of the positioning rod 3120, and a compression spring 3124 is disposed within the groove 3123. The telescopic slider 3122 is connected to the compression spring 3124 and moves along the groove 3123, thereby movably connecting the spring assembly 32 to the positioning rod 3120. The telescopic slider 3122 slides within the horizontal slot 3103 of the slide rail assembly 310, driving the positioning rod 3120 to slide, thereby positioning the positioning rod 3120 in the drilled hole as needed. The hinge hole of the positioning rod 3120 is hingedly connected to the spring shaft 321 of the spring assembly 32 via a pin. The positioning rod 3120 and the sliding magnet 3121 are fastened by glue. The compression spring 3124 is first placed in the groove 3123 of the positioning rod 3120, and the telescopic slider 3122 is then placed in the groove 3123 of the positioning rod 3120. When the compression spring 3124 is compressed, the telescopic slider 3122 can be pressed into the groove 3123 of the positioning rod 3120.

[0052] like Figure 14 As shown, the spring assembly 32 includes an L-shaped baffle 320 mounted on the bracket assembly 30, a spring shaft 321 coupled between the L-shaped baffle 320 and the positioning rod 3120, and a spring 322 mounted on the spring shaft 321. The spring shaft 321 is hinged to the positioning rod 3120 via a pin. The L-shaped baffle 320 has an elongated hole, and the end of the spring shaft 321, away from the positioning rod 3120, extends out of the elongated hole. The baffle is fixed to the bracket assembly 30 via screws, and the spring shaft 321 is hinged to the positioning hinge hole via a pin. A slide rod 323 is mounted within the L-shaped baffle 320 and inserted into a strip groove 324 on the spring shaft 321. The strip groove 324 is located in the portion of the spring shaft 321 near the L-shaped baffle 320. First, place the spring 322 onto the spring shaft 321 in a compressed state. Then, insert the slide bar 323 parallel to the strip groove 324 of the spring shaft 321. Align the round rod portion of the slide bar 323 with the strip groove 324 of the spring shaft 321. Rotate the slide bar 323 90 degrees and screw the slide bar 323 to the L-shaped baffle 320. The slide bar 323 blocks and limits the spring 322 on the spring shaft 321.

[0053] like Figure 15As shown, the upper magnet assembly 311 includes an upper magnet slider 3110, an upper magnet 3111 arranged on the lower surface of the upper magnet slider 3110, and square slide bars 3112 respectively arranged at both ends of the upper magnet slider 3110. The square slide bars 3112 slide up and down along the vertical slide groove 3102 of the slide rail assembly 310. The upper magnet slider 3110 and the upper magnet 3111 are bonded together by glue. The square slide bar 3112 of the upper magnet slider 3110 can slide up and down on the slide rail assembly 310 to adjust the distance of the adsorption positioning rod assembly 312. When the positioning rod assembly 312 reaches the sliding end point, it can adsorb the slide rail assembly 310 and move upward along the trajectory. When it reaches the upper vertex, it can use the driving force of the spring 322 to break away from the adsorption force between the upper magnet 3111 and the sliding magnet 3121. The upper magnet slider 3110 is fixed by friction with the vertical slide groove 3102 of the slide rail assembly 310 after the nut is tightened, and can also be raised between the square slide rod 3112 of the upper magnet slider 3110 and the square groove 304 of the vertical slide groove 3102.

[0054] like Figures 16 and 17 As shown, the bracket assembly 30 includes a support plate 301 and pillars 302 disposed around the lower ends of the support plate 301. A positioning rod mechanism 31 and a spring assembly 32 are disposed on the support plate 301. A square insert 303 is disposed on the lower surface of the support plate 301, and a square groove 304 is disposed within the pillar 302 to match the square insert 303. The square insert 303 of the support plate 301 is first inserted into the square groove 304 of the pillar 302, and the pillar 302 and the support plate 301 are then fixed with screws and bolts, resulting in a reliable structure and a stable and tight connection.

[0055] When using this tool to perform a punching operation, the following steps are included:

[0056] ① Place the universal stringer punching tool on the drill press table. Insert the tool's locating ring into the circular hole on the drill press table, and insert the tool's annular locating column into the long slot on the drill press table. Align the drill bit with the center of the circular hole on the drill press table and the center of the central circular hole on the universal stringer punching tool base 1.

[0057] ② Determine the beam size according to the requirements, and then rotate the cam wheel assembly mechanism 22 according to the beam size, so that the limit arc corresponding to the cam 221 contacts the limit push block 204, and embed the ball 12 on the base 1 into the circular groove on the cam 221 corresponding to this limit arc.

[0058] ③ Mark the beam to determine the position of the first rivet hole, then place it on the bearing roller 211 assembly on one side, manually slide the positioning rod mechanism 31 to the sliding end point of the slide rail, and be attracted by the upper magnet 3111. When it reaches the upper return track of the sliding track, it is manually fixed. Place the beam on the bearing block 205 and the two bearing rollers 211, align the position of the first hole determined by the marking with the drill tip, start the drilling machine, and drill the first hole. After drilling is completed, move the beam roughly below the sliding starting point, and then slowly release the positioning rod mechanism 31 to allow the positioning rod 3120 to be inserted into the first drilled hole.

[0059] ④ Drill the second hole at this point. After the second hole is drilled, the positioning rod 3120 is inserted into the first hole. The stringer is manually pulled, causing the positioning rod 3120 to move along the sliding track from the sliding starting point to the sliding end point. At this time, the positioning rod mechanism 31 is attracted by the upper magnet 3111. Once it reaches the upper apex, it can leverage the force of the spring 322 to break free from the attraction between the upper magnet 3111 and the sliding magnet 3121, moving along the upper return track. Once it enters the sliding slope, it is attracted by the lower magnet 3105, returning the positioning rod 3120 to the sliding starting point, and the positioning rod 3120 is inserted into the second hole.

[0060] ⑤ Repeat the operation of step ④ to make the riveting holes on one side of the truss. After making the last hole, manually pull the truss. When the positioning rod mechanism 31 is attracted by the upper magnet 3111 and reaches the upper return track of the sliding track, it is manually fixed and the truss is pulled out of the truss punching tool.

[0061] ⑥ When the length of the large-diameter cylindrical riveted part is very long, and the length of its stringer is more than 4-5m, it is inconvenient to reverse the stringer and make the hole on the other side. At this time, directly rotate the stringer punching tool 180°, and the tooling positioning ring is inserted into the round hole of the drilling machine workbench. The tooling ring positioning column is inserted into the long groove on the other side of the drilling machine workbench, and the stringer can be directly inserted back into the stringer punching tool from the pulled-out state.

[0062] ⑦ Repeat steps ③④⑤ to complete the drilling of holes on the entire truss for riveting to the skin.

[0063] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal tool for punching holes in beams, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a horizontal positioning mechanism (2) arranged on the base (1) and used for horizontally positioning the beam, and a height positioning mechanism (3) arranged on the base (1) and used for height-positioning the beam; The horizontal positioning mechanism (2) comprises a pushing mechanism (20), a bearing roller mechanism (21), and a cam wheel mechanism (22) respectively arranged on the base (1), wherein the movement direction of the pushing mechanism (20), the center of the base (1), and the center line of the cam wheel mechanism (22) are located on the same straight line; The height direction positioning mechanism (3) comprises a bracket assembly (30) and a positioning rod mechanism (31) and a spring assembly (32) respectively arranged on the bracket assembly (30); The positioning rod mechanism (31) comprises two sets of slide rail assemblies (310) that are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart, an upper magnet assembly (311) located between the two sets of slide rail assemblies (310) and vertically sliding along the slide rail assemblies (310), and a positioning rod assembly (312) that slides horizontally along the slide rail assemblies (310). The positioning rod mechanism (31) is movably connected to the spring assembly (32). The slide rail assembly (310) comprises an L-shaped slide rail body (3101), a vertical slide groove (3102) and a horizontal slide groove (3103) provided in the slide rail body (3101), and a limit block (3104) provided in the horizontal slide groove (3103), wherein the limit block (3104) is provided close to the upper magnet assembly (311), and a lower magnet (3105) is provided below one end of the horizontal slide groove (3103) away from the limit block (3104). The positioning rod assembly (312) slides along the horizontal slide groove (3103), and the upper magnet assembly (311) slides along the vertical slide groove (3102). The positioning rod assembly (312) comprises a positioning rod (3120), a sliding magnet (3121) arranged on the upper surface of the positioning rod (3120), and a telescopic slider (3122) arranged on the upper side of the positioning rod (3120). A groove (3123) is provided on the upper side of the positioning rod (3120), a compression spring (3124) is provided in the groove (3123), the telescopic slider (3122) is connected to the compression spring (3124) and moves along the groove (3123), and the spring assembly (32) is movably connected to the positioning rod (3120).

2. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism (20) comprises a pushing block (201) provided on the base (1), a pushing block (202) connected to the pushing block (201) and sliding along the inside of the pushing block (201), a roller seat (203) connected to the end of the pushing block (202) away from the pushing block (201), a limiting pushing block (204) connected to the end face of the roller seat (203) away from the pushing block (202), and a bearing block (205) covering the limiting pushing block (204) and sliding along the limiting pushing block (204), wherein a through hole is provided on the bearing block (205), and a roller (206) rotating around the roller seat (203) is provided in the roller seat (203); A pushing spring (207) is provided inside the pushing block (201), and the pushing block (202) is connected to the pushing spring (207) and slides inside the pushing block (201) along the compression direction of the pushing spring (207).

3. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing roller mechanism (21) comprises two bearing roller seats (210) arranged on the base (1) and a bearing roller (211) rotatably arranged between the two bearing roller seats (210), wherein the apex of the bearing roller (211) and the upper surface of the bearing block (205) are located on the same horizontal plane.

4. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam wheel assembly mechanism (22) comprises a hinge shaft (220), a cam (221) having three limiting arcs, and a limiting wheel (222) coaxially arranged with the cam (221) and rotating synchronously, wherein the hinge shaft (220) passes through the cam (221), the limiting wheel (222) and the base (1) in sequence, so that the cam (221), the limiting wheel (222) and the base (1) rotate relative to each other along the hinge shaft (220), and the bottom surface of the cam (221) contacts the upper surface of the base (1); The cam (221) is provided with a circular groove that is distributed in the same manner as the limiting arc, and the limiting wheel (222) is provided with three rotating rollers (224) evenly distributed around its circumference, and the rotating rollers (224) correspond to the limiting arcs of the cam (221); The limiting wheel (222) is provided with an arc-shaped notch (223) along its circumferential direction, and the rotating roller (224) is arranged in the arc-shaped notch (223) via a positioning screw, and the rotating roller (224) rotates along the positioning screw.

5. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (1) comprises a base body (10), a reversing positioning column (11) arranged on the base body (10), and a ball (12) arranged in a ball mounting hole on the base body (10); the reversing positioning column (11) is inserted into the base (1) and fastened by a fastening screw; the reversing positioning column (11) extends beyond the bottom surface of the base body (10); and the hinge shaft (220) does not extend beyond the bottom surface of the base (1); The ball mounting holes of the base body (10) are distributed on the line connecting the midpoint of the central circular hole of the base body (10) and the midpoint of the hinge hole of the cam wheel assembly mechanism (22), and cooperate with the circular groove on the bottom surface of the cam (221), so that a certain limiting arc of the cam (221) and the limiting wheel (222) and the rotating roller (224) are directed toward the midpoint of the central circular hole of the base (1).

6. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spring assembly (32) comprises an L-shaped baffle (320) arranged on the bracket assembly (30), a spring shaft (321) connected between the L-shaped baffle (320) and the positioning rod (3120), and a spring (322) arranged on the spring shaft (321), wherein the spring shaft (321) and the positioning rod (3120) are hingedly connected via a pin shaft, and a long hole is formed on the L-shaped baffle (320), and the end of the spring shaft (321) away from the positioning rod (3120) extends out of the long hole; A slide rod (323) is provided in the L-shaped baffle (320), and the slide rod (323) is inserted into a strip groove (324) on the spring shaft (321). The strip groove (324) is provided in a portion of the spring shaft (321) close to the L-shaped baffle (320).

7. The universal tool for punching beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper magnet assembly (311) comprises an upper magnet slider (3110), an upper magnet (3111) arranged on the lower surface of the upper magnet slider (3110), and square slide bars (3112) respectively arranged at both ends of the upper magnet slider (3110), wherein the square slide bars (3112) slide up and down along the vertical slide groove (3102) of the slide rail assembly (310).

8. The universal tool for punching beams according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The support assembly (30) includes a support plate (301) and pillars (302) arranged at the lower ends of the support plate (301). The positioning rod mechanism (31) and the spring assembly (32) are arranged on the support plate (301). A square embedded block (303) is provided on the lower surface of the support plate (301). A square groove (304) matching the square embedded block (303) is provided inside the pillar (302).

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