An overcurrent wire fire simulation device based on heat radiation and arc ignition

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of overcurrent wire fire simulation device based on heat radiation and arc ignition, it is related to fire simulation technical field, including electrical control system, heat radiation ignition device and arc ignition device;Electrical control system includes arc ignition start-stop button, radiation heat coil temperature controller, radiation heat source power regulation button and overcurrent wire power supply interface.Overcurrent wire power supply interface passes into preset overcurrent value to sample wire;Radiation heat coil temperature controller sets the ignition temperature threshold of heat radiation ignition device and adjusts the ignition temperature of heat radiation ignition device;Arc ignition start-stop button controls arc ignition device to generate or extinguish arc.The application can adjust overcurrent value;It can be used separately heat radiation ignition device to provide fire simulation research with heat radiation as the cause of fire, also can simultaneously use heat radiation ignition device and arc ignition device to provide fire simulation research with heat radiation and arc as the common cause of fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire simulation technology, and in particular to a fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical wires and cables have been identified as potential fire sources in residential buildings, nuclear power plants, aircraft, and spacecraft. Fire statistics from China's National Fire and Rescue Bureau indicate that electrical fires accounted for over 30% of all fires in the past decade, with more than 50% of these electrical fires caused by electrical circuit faults leading to the combustion of wires and cables. When wires and cables in electrical circuits burn, the resulting flames can ignite surrounding combustibles and expand the fire's reach. At its root, the metal of wires and cables is encased in polymer insulation and a sheath; if heated by an external heat source and the Joule heating of the internal metal core, it can release flammable pyrolysis gases to fuel combustion.

[0003] With the continuous development of social electrification, more and more electrical equipment is connected to electrical circuits. If the electrical appliances are not up to standard, the wire diameter is too small, or the overcurrent protection device fails, it may lead to faults such as overload, short circuit, and leakage. The final manifestation of this is the occurrence of overcurrent fault, that is, the current flowing through the wire is greater than its safe current value.

[0004] The principle behind overcurrent faults causing electrical wire fires is mainly as follows: When the overcurrent value in a live wire is large (I≥3.5Ie), where Ie is the safe current value, the metal core continuously heats up to near its melting point under Joule heating. The energized liquid metal may break down with the surrounding air, subsequently fracture, and generate an extremely high-temperature electric arc, igniting the flammable gases released by the thermal decomposition of the insulation layer, thus forming a fire. When the overcurrent value in a live wire is small (I<3.5Ie), the heat generated by the metal core is insufficient to melt it. However, this heat acts on the insulation layer through thermal conduction, causing it to thermally decompose and release flammable gases. If nearby circuits or electrical equipment have poor contact at this time, generating a high-temperature electric arc, it may ignite the flammable gases floating on the surface of the wire, forming an open flame. When the overcurrent value in a live wire is small (I<3.5Ie), but a fire has already formed in the environment, the high temperature of the flame may ignite the flammable gases around the insulation layer through thermal radiation, expanding the scale of the fire.

[0005] The magnitude of overcurrent and the mode of ignition can have different effects on electrical fires. In order to prevent and control the occurrence of electrical fires, stop the expansion of the fire scale, reconstruct the occurrence and development process of electrical fires, and provide guidance and assistance for the optimization of electrical circuits, it is necessary to study the fire behavior of wires with different overcurrent values ​​and different ignition modes.

[0006] Current research on the fire behavior of electrical wires under overcurrent faults mainly focuses on overcurrent faults under high current conditions. The equipment can only simulate fire under a single condition and cannot simulate electrical wire fires caused by external heat radiation or electric arc ignition. The existing equipment has the following main shortcomings:

[0007] (1) Research on the ignition of overcurrent fault conductors is limited to the condition of high current value, where the metal core melts and arcs, igniting the flammable gas released by the thermal decomposition of the insulation. Compared with overcurrent faults with high current value, the ignition mode of overcurrent faults with low current value is more concealed and complex.

[0008] (2) It can only obtain the flame spread behavior after the overcurrent wire catches fire, but cannot collect the temperature of the wire when the overcurrent fault occurs in real time. The coupled thermal action mechanism of the metal core heating and the insulation layer thermal deheating may have a complex impact on the overcurrent ignition and fire spread behavior.

[0009] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing equipment, it is very necessary to design a fire simulation device that can objectively and realistically demonstrate the entire process of thermal radiation and electric arc ignition of overcurrent conductors. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an overcurrent conductor fire simulation device based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, in order to solve the problem that existing fire simulation devices can only simulate fire combustion under a single condition under high current value conditions.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0012] A fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition includes: an electrical control system, a thermal radiation ignition device, and an electric arc ignition device; the electrical control system includes: an electric arc ignition start / stop button, a radiant heat coil temperature controller, a radiant heat source power adjustment button, and an overcurrent conductor power interface.

[0013] The overcurrent wire power interface is connected to the sample wire and is used to supply a preset overcurrent value to the sample wire.

[0014] The radiant heat coil temperature controller is connected to the thermal radiation ignition device and is used to set the ignition temperature threshold of the thermal radiation ignition device and adjust the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device.

[0015] The power adjustment button of the radiant heat source is connected to the temperature controller of the radiant heat coil. It is used to adjust the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device to reach the ignition temperature threshold by controlling the output voltage of the radiant heat coil temperature controller. The thermal radiation ignition device ignites the sample wire.

[0016] The arc ignition start / stop button is connected to the arc ignition device and is used to control the arc ignition device to generate or extinguish an arc.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes a wire bracket; the wire bracket includes a fixing knob and a spring device; the fixing knob includes a first fixing knob and a second fixing knob;

[0018] One end of the sample wire is connected to the first fixing knob, and the other end of the sample wire passes through the thermal radiation ignition device and the second fixing knob in sequence and is connected to the spring device.

[0019] The fixing knob is used to fix the sample wire and keep the sample wire in a horizontal position; the spring device is used to straighten the sample wire.

[0020] Optionally, the cable support further includes a movable guide rail;

[0021] The bottom of the electric arc ignition device is slidably mounted on the moving guide rail, and one end of the thermal radiation ignition device is fixed to the top of the electric arc ignition device.

[0022] Optionally, the moving guide rail has a moving range of 0 to 35 cm.

[0023] Optionally, the radiant heating coil temperature controller includes a transformer regulator and a temperature sensor;

[0024] The transformer regulator is connected to the radiant heat source power adjustment button. The radiant heat source power adjustment button adjusts the output voltage of the transformer regulator, thereby adjusting the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device.

[0025] The temperature sensor is connected to the thermal radiation ignition device. The temperature sensor is used to detect the real-time ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device and to display the real-time ignition temperature through the radiant heat coil temperature controller.

[0026] Optionally, the thermal radiation ignition device is a metal coil.

[0027] Optionally, the arc ignition device is connected to the electrical control system via a wire, with the wire disconnected at the ignition point of the arc ignition device.

[0028] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0029] This invention provides a fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, comprising an electrical control system, a thermal radiation ignition device, and an electric arc ignition device. The overcurrent conductor power interface in the electrical control system can supply a preset overcurrent value to the sample conductor. The overcurrent value is adjustable, allowing it to be set to either a large or small current value. This invention can be used alone with the thermal radiation ignition device to provide fire simulation studies with thermal radiation as the cause of fire, or it can be used simultaneously with both the thermal radiation ignition device and the electric arc ignition device to provide fire simulation studies with thermal radiation and electric arc as the common causes of fire. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A front view of the fire simulation device provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of the fire simulation device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, which can simulate fire combustion under different overcurrent values ​​and has the function of conducting fire simulation research with thermal radiation and electric arc as common causes of fire.

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this invention provides a fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, including an electrical control system 1, a thermal radiation ignition device 2, and an electric arc ignition device 3. The electrical control system 1 includes an electric arc ignition start / stop button 11, a radiant heat coil temperature controller 12, a radiant heat source power adjustment button 13, and an overcurrent conductor power interface 14.

[0037] The electrical control system 1 is equipped with a main power input switch, which is located on the left side of the equipment. It is used to control whether the fire simulation device is powered on. The main power input switch includes a power input terminal and a power output terminal. The power input terminal is connected to the mains power, and the power output terminal supplies the mains power to the arc ignition start / stop button 11, the radiant heat coil temperature controller 12, and the radiant heat source power adjustment button 13.

[0038] The overcurrent lead power interface 14 is connected to the sample lead and is used to supply a preset overcurrent value to the sample lead. The overcurrent lead power interface 14 is connected to an external power supply, and the external power supply inputs current to the sample lead through the overcurrent lead power interface 14.

[0039] The radiant heat coil temperature controller 12 is connected to the radiant ignition device 2 and is used to set the ignition temperature threshold of the radiant ignition device 2 and adjust the ignition temperature of the radiant ignition device 2.

[0040] The radiant heat source power adjustment button 13 is connected to the radiant heat coil temperature controller 12. It is used to adjust the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device 2 to reach the ignition temperature threshold by controlling the output voltage of the radiant heat coil temperature controller 12, thereby igniting the sample wire. The radiant heat source power adjustment button 13 can adjust seven temperature levels (0-700℃, level 1 0-100℃, level 2 100℃-200℃, and so on).

[0041] The arc ignition start / stop button 11 is connected to the arc ignition device 3 and is used to control the generation or extinguishing of the arc by the arc ignition device 3. The arc ignition device 3 is connected to the electrical control system 1 via a wire (the wire is a thin wire), and the disconnected position of the wire is the ignition point of the arc ignition device 3. Mains power is input to the arc ignition start / stop button 11. When the arc ignition start / stop button 11 is in the activated state, the arc circuit is energized, and a continuous arc is generated between the positive and negative terminals of the ignition point of the arc ignition device 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the radiant heat coil temperature controller 12 includes a voltage regulator and a temperature sensor. The voltage regulator is connected to the radiant heat source power adjustment button 13, which adjusts the output voltage of the voltage regulator to regulate the ignition temperature of the radiant ignition device 2. The temperature sensor is connected to the radiant ignition device 2 and is used to detect the real-time ignition temperature of the radiant ignition device 2, which is then displayed by the radiant heat coil temperature controller 12. The radiant heat coil temperature controller 12 can also display the device's operating status.

[0043] Furthermore, the fire simulation device provided in this embodiment also includes an electrical cable bracket 4. The electrical cable bracket 4 includes a fixing knob, a spring device 43, and a moving guide rail 44; the fixing knob includes a first fixing knob 41 and a second fixing knob 42.

[0044] One end of the sample lead is connected to the first fixing knob 41, and the other end of the sample lead passes through the thermal radiation ignition device 2 and the second fixing knob 42 in sequence and is connected to the spring device 43. The fixing knob is used to fix the sample lead and keep it in a horizontal position; the spring device 43 is used to straighten the sample lead. Both ends of the sample lead are connected to the overcurrent lead power interface 14, so that the sample lead passes through a preset overcurrent value.

[0045] To adjust the ignition position of the sample lead and facilitate observation of fire spread, the bottom of the arc ignition device 3 is slidably mounted on the moving guide rail 44, and one end of the thermal radiation ignition device 2 is fixed to the top of the arc ignition device 3. When the moving guide rail 44 moves, it moves the arc ignition device 3, which in turn moves the thermal radiation ignition device 2 simultaneously, changing the position of the sample lead near both the thermal radiation ignition device 2 and the arc ignition device 3. This alters the ignition position of the sample lead, allowing the moving guide rail 44 to be adjusted according to the observer's needs. The moving range of the moving guide rail 44 is 0 to 35 cm.

[0046] The wire support 4 is equipped with power connection devices at both ends. When the power is on, the externally adjusted electrical circuit is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power connection device to energize the sample wire.

[0047] In this embodiment, the thermal radiation ignition device 2 is a metal coil. Two wires connect the internal power supply of the electrical control system to the metal coil. When energized, a closed circuit is formed. Due to the higher resistance of the metal coil, heat is released. A temperature sensor is connected to the metal coil, and the power is adjusted by the radiant heat source power adjustment button 13, which in turn adjusts the output voltage of the transformer regulator, thereby controlling the metal coil to reach the preset ignition temperature.

[0048] This invention provides a fire simulation device for overcurrent conductors based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, which is of great significance for electrical system optimization, prevention of electrical fires, and control of the spread of electrical fires. This invention can not only set the overcurrent value passed through the sample conductor to a large or small value; it can be used alone with the thermal radiation ignition device to provide fire simulation studies with thermal radiation as the cause of fire, or it can be used simultaneously with both thermal radiation ignition and electric arc ignition devices to provide fire simulation studies with thermal radiation and electric arc as the common causes of fire. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing equipment and is a high-performance, stable output signal, accurate data acquisition, and comprehensive safety measures device for simulating overcurrent conductor fires based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition. It can objectively and realistically demonstrate the entire process of external thermal radiation and electric arc ignition of overcurrent conductors, with controllable thermal radiation temperature, meeting the teaching and research needs of electrical fire mechanisms.

[0049] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0050] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the device and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating overcurrent conductor fires based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition, characterized in that, The fire simulation device includes: an electrical control system, a thermal radiation ignition device, and an electric arc ignition device; the electrical control system includes: an electric arc ignition start / stop button, a radiant heat coil temperature controller, a radiant heat source power adjustment button, and an overcurrent wire power interface; The overcurrent wire power interface is connected to the sample wire and is used to supply a preset overcurrent value to the sample wire. The radiant heat coil temperature controller includes a voltage regulator and a temperature sensor; the voltage regulator is connected to the radiant heat source power adjustment button, which adjusts the output voltage of the voltage regulator to regulate the ignition temperature of the radiant ignition device; the temperature sensor is connected to the radiant ignition device and is used to detect the real-time ignition temperature of the radiant ignition device, which is then displayed by the radiant heat coil temperature controller. The radiant heat coil temperature controller is connected to the thermal radiation ignition device and is used to set the ignition temperature threshold of the thermal radiation ignition device and adjust the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device. The thermal radiation ignition device is a metal coil; two wires are connected from the internal power supply of the electrical control system to the metal coil. When energized, a closed circuit is formed. Due to the higher resistance of the metal coil, heat is released. A temperature sensor is connected to the metal coil, and the power is adjusted by the power adjustment button of the radiant heat source, which in turn adjusts the output voltage of the transformer regulator to control the metal coil to reach the preset ignition temperature. The power adjustment button of the radiant heat source is connected to the temperature controller of the radiant heat coil. It is used to adjust the ignition temperature of the thermal radiation ignition device to reach the ignition temperature threshold by controlling the output voltage of the radiant heat coil temperature controller. The thermal radiation ignition device ignites the sample wire. The arc ignition start / stop button is connected to the arc ignition device and is used to control the arc ignition device to generate or extinguish an arc. The electric arc ignition device is connected to the electrical control system via a wire. The disconnected position of the wire is the ignition point of the electric arc ignition device. The mains power is input to the electric arc ignition start / stop button. When the electric arc ignition start / stop button is in the start state, the electric arc circuit is energized, and a continuous electric arc will be generated between the positive and negative terminals of the ignition point of the electric arc ignition device. The fire simulation device also includes an electrical cable bracket; the electrical cable bracket includes a fixing knob and a spring device; the fixing knob includes a first fixing knob and a second fixing knob; One end of the sample wire is connected to the first fixing knob, and the other end of the sample wire passes through the thermal radiation ignition device and the second fixing knob in sequence and is connected to the spring device. The fixing knob is used to fix the sample wire and keep the sample wire in a horizontal position; the spring device is used to straighten the sample wire; Method for adjusting the ignition position of the sample lead wire: The cable support also includes a movable guide rail; The bottom of the electric arc ignition device is slidably mounted on the moving guide rail, and one end of the thermal radiation ignition device is fixed to the top of the electric arc ignition device. When the moving guide rail moves, it drives the electric arc ignition device to move, which in turn drives the thermal radiation ignition device to move simultaneously with the electric arc ignition device, changing the position of the sample wire near the thermal radiation ignition device and the electric arc ignition device, and thus changing the ignition position of the sample wire.

2. The overcurrent conductor fire simulation device based on thermal radiation and electric arc ignition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving guide rail has a movement range of 0 to 35 cm.

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