A lettuce and cherry radish efficient symbiotic pipeline hydroponic seedling raising method

Abstract

The present application is suitable for the technical field of vegetable water culture, and provides a high-efficiency symbiotic pipeline water culture seedling raising method for lettuce and cherry radish, comprising the following steps: step 1, lettuce breeding, including four pre-management steps of seed soaking, germination, sowing and seed germination; step 2, cherry radish breeding, after cherry radish seed germination, the cherry radish enters the seedling stage synchronously with the lettuce; step 3, early seedling management; step 4, middle seedling management; and step 5, late seedling management. The method can realize short-period seedling raising from seed soaking to transplanting, the emergence rates of the two kinds of vegetables are high, and the growth potentials are uniform, after transplanting, the cultivation period of the symbiotic cultivation system is shortened, the yields of the two kinds of vegetables are ensured, the vegetable quality is improved, the cultivation effect of the symbiotic pipeline water culture system can be effectively ensured, and experimental data proves that the yield of the symbiotic system is significantly higher than that of single cropping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vegetable hydroponics technology, and in particular relates to a method for raising seedlings of lettuce and cherry radish in a high-efficiency symbiotic pipeline hydroponics. Background Technology

[0002] The aeroponic cultivation of two mixed vegetables has been proven in recent years to increase vegetable yield, reduce acid content, and improve nitrogen utilization in the cultivation system, making it a highly efficient soilless cultivation technique. However, when this symbiotic mixed cultivation technique is applied to hydroponics, the differences in nutrient solution supply between hydroponics and aeroponics result in variations in nutrient absorption characteristics along the water flow direction. Furthermore, in symbiotic cultivation systems, both vegetables must be transplanted simultaneously, and the nutrient requirements of the two vegetables differ depending on the seedling age and growth status, significantly impacting their nutrient competition during the symbiotic period. All of these factors mean that in hydroponic symbiotic cultivation, if seedling age and quality are not properly controlled, the cultivation effect is difficult to guarantee, thus limiting the full realization of the advantages of symbiotic cultivation technology.

[0003] Currently, the cultivation results of Italian lettuce and cherry radish in hydroponic symbiosis are unstable due to differences in seedling raising methods, sowing time, nutrient conditions, and light conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the efficient hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radish in pipes, aiming to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radish in pipes includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, Lettuce breeding: This includes four pre-management steps: soaking seeds, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Soaking time is 2 hours, germination time is 2 days, and 2 days after sowing, when the lettuce cotyledons grow out and fully open, it is considered that the lettuce seed has germinated and entered the seedling stage.

[0007] Step 2, Cherry Radish Breeding: This includes four pre-management steps: soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Soaking begins 24 hours after the lettuce seeds have started. Except for the 3-hour soaking time, the pre-management for cherry radishes, including soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination, is the same as for lettuce seeds. One day after sowing, when the cotyledons emerge and fully open, the cherry radish seeds are considered to have germinated and entered the seedling stage simultaneously with the lettuce.

[0008] Step 3, Early Seedling Management (Days 1-3 of Seedling Stage): During the first 1-3 days of the seedling stage, spray distilled water onto the seedling sponge containing the germinated seeds using a small watering can every day, ensuring that the seedling sponge is fully moistened each time. Observe the root growth every day. When all roots have penetrated the sponge, stop spraying distilled water onto the seedling sponge and instead pour distilled water directly into the tray, just enough to fully moisten the seedling block. The excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling block. The light environment should be controlled between 7:30 and 19:30, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux (no special requirements for light quality). The relative humidity of the air should be controlled at (70±5)% for 24 hours.

[0009] Step 4, Mid-Seedling Management (Days 4-9): From Day 4 to Day 6, apply a 10% nutrient solution to the seedling tray daily; from Day 7 to Day 9, apply a 20% nutrient solution to the bottom of the seedling tray daily. The amount of nutrient solution applied each time should be just enough to fully moisten the seedling sponge block, with excess nutrient solution less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling block. Light conditions should be controlled between 7:30 AM and 7:30 PM, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux (no special light quality requirements) and a 24-hour relative humidity of (68±5)%.

[0010] Step 5, Post-Seedling Management (Days 10-13 of Seedling Stage): Starting from day 10 of the seedling stage, pour 50% nutrient solution into the seedling tray daily, just enough to fully moisten the seedling sponge block. Excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the seedling block's height. Control the light environment between 7:30 AM and 7:30 PM, with a light intensity of 7500±500 Lux (no special light quality requirements), and maintain a 24-hour relative humidity of (60±5)%. On day 13, lettuce seedlings will have 3 leaves and 1 bud, and cherry radish seedlings will have 2 fully unfolded true leaves. Simultaneously, transplant both vegetables at a ratio of 2:1 (lettuce:cherry radish) into the hydroponic pipes to complete the seedling stage.

[0011] In a further technical solution, step 1 includes the following specific steps:

[0012] Take a container of suitable size, add distilled water, ensuring the water level is above the seeds, about 2-3 cm above them. Soak the seeds for 2 hours. Take a plastic tray, line the bottom with a sheet of paper towels, and evenly pour the soaked seeds onto the paper, minimizing overlap. Place another sheet of paper towel on top of the seed-covered paper, spray with water to moisten, and cover with a film (poke a few holes to maintain ventilation). Germinate for 2 days. After germination, soak the seedling sponge blocks in distilled water until fully saturated, place them flat in the tray, tilting the tray so the water doesn't drip. Prepare two tweezers; one to open the opening of a single seedling block, and the other to pick up a germinated seed and place it with the sprouted side down at one-third of the distance from the bottom of the seedling sponge block. Place the seedling blocks in a new tray, and then begin the initial seedling stage. During the initial seedling stage, cover the entire tray with paper towels, and spray with water to moisten the paper towels. Two days later, the lettuce cotyledons emerged and fully opened, indicating that the lettuce seeds had germinated. At this point, the paper towel was removed, and the seedling stage began.

[0013] In a further technical solution, in steps 3, 4 and 5, the thorough wetting of the seedling sponge block specifically means that the water in the seedling sponge block does not flow down when the tray is tilted.

[0014] This invention provides a method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radish, which can achieve short-cycle seedling cultivation from soaking to transplanting. The two vegetables have high germination rates and uniform growth. After transplanting, the cultivation cycle of the symbiotic cultivation system is shortened, the yield of the two vegetables is guaranteed, and the quality of the vegetables is improved. It can effectively guarantee the cultivation effect of the symbiotic hydroponic system. Experimental data have confirmed that the yield of the symbiotic system is significantly higher than that of monoculture. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for the efficient symbiotic hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radish in pipelines, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0017] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radishes in pipes, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, Lettuce Breeding: This includes four pre-management steps: soaking seeds, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Specifically:

[0020] Take a container of suitable size, add distilled water, ensuring the water level covers the seeds by about 2-3 cm. Soak the seeds for 2 hours. Take a plastic tray, line the bottom with a sheet of paper towels, and evenly pour the soaked seeds onto the paper, minimizing overlap. Place another sheet of paper towel on top of the seed-covered paper, spray with water to moisten, and cover with a film (poke several holes to maintain ventilation). Germinate for 2 days. After germination, soak the seedling sponge blocks in distilled water until fully saturated, then place them flat in the tray, tilting the tray so the water doesn't overflow. Prepare two tweezers; one to open the opening of a single seedling sponge block, and the other to pick up a germinated seed and place it with the sprouted side down at one-third of the distance from the bottom of the seedling sponge block. Place the seedling sponge blocks in a new tray, and then begin the initial seedling stage. During the initial seedling stage, cover the entire tray with paper towels, and moisten the paper towels with water using a spray bottle. Two days later, the lettuce cotyledons emerged and fully opened, indicating that the lettuce seeds had germinated. At this point, the paper towel was removed, and the seedling stage began.

[0021] Step 2, Cherry Radish Breeding: This includes four pre-management steps: soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Soaking begins 24 hours after the lettuce seeds have started. Except for the 3-hour soaking time, the pre-management procedures for cherry radish seeds—soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination—are the same as for lettuce seeds. One day after sowing, when the cotyledons emerge and fully open, the cherry radish seeds are considered to have germinated. At this point, the paper towel is removed, and the seedlings enter the seedling stage simultaneously with the lettuce.

[0022] Step 3, Early Seedling Management (Days 1-3): During the first 1-3 days of the seedling stage, spray distilled water onto the seedling sponge block daily using a small watering can, ensuring the sponge block is fully moistened each time. The water level should be such that the water does not drip when the tray is tilted. Observe the root growth daily. When all roots have penetrated the seedling sponge block, stop spraying liquid onto the sponge block and pour distilled water directly into the tray, just enough to fully moisten the sponge block. The excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the height of the sponge block. The light environment should be controlled between 7:30 and 19:30, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux (no special requirements for light quality), and the 24-hour relative humidity should be controlled at (70±5)%.

[0023] Step 4, Mid-Seedling Management (Days 4-9): From Day 4 to Day 6, apply a 10% nutrient solution to the seedling tray daily; from Day 7 to Day 9, apply a 20% nutrient solution to the bottom of the seedling tray daily. The amount of nutrient solution applied each time should be just enough to fully moisten the seedling sponge block; excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling sponge block. Light conditions should be controlled between 7:30 AM and 7:30 PM, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux (no special light quality requirements) and a 24-hour relative humidity of (68±5)%.

[0024] Step 5, Post-Seedling Management (Days 10-13 of Seedling Stage): Starting from day 10 of the seedling stage, pour 50% nutrient solution into the seedling tray daily, just enough to fully moisten the seedling sponge block. Excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling sponge block. Control the light environment from 7:30 AM to 7:30 PM, with a light intensity of 7500±500 Lux (no special light quality requirements), and maintain a 24-hour relative humidity of (60±5)%. On day 13, lettuce seedlings will have 3 leaves and 1 bud, and cherry radish seedlings will have 2 fully unfolded true leaves. Simultaneously, transplant both vegetables at a ratio of 2:1 (lettuce:cherry radish) into the hydroponic pipes to complete the seedling stage.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, both vegetables achieved a 100% germination rate and exhibited uniform growth. Harvesting occurred 27 days after transplanting, 3 days earlier than the traditional hydroponic symbiotic cultivation method, and the overall yield of the symbiotic cultivation system was 12.56% higher than that of the traditional method. With a symbiotic cultivation ratio of 2:1 for lettuce and cherry radishes, and assuming the same land area and number of harvested vegetables, the symbiotic system yielded 4.66% more vegetables than the monoculture system.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponic cultivation of lettuce and cherry radish in pipes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Lettuce breeding includes four pre-management steps: soaking seeds, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Soaking time is 2 hours, germination time is 2 days, and 2 days after sowing, when the lettuce cotyledons emerge and fully open, it is considered that the lettuce seed has germinated and entered the seedling stage. Step 2: Cherry radish breeding includes four pre-management steps: soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination. Soaking begins 24 hours after the lettuce seeds have started. Except for the 3-hour soaking time, the soaking, germination, sowing, and seed germination of cherry radishes are the same as those of lettuce seeds. One day after sowing, when the cotyledons emerge and fully open, it is considered that the cherry radish seeds have germinated and entered the seedling stage simultaneously with the lettuce. Step 3, Early Seedling Management: During the first 1-3 days of the seedling stage, spray distilled water onto the seedling sponge containing the germinated seeds daily, ensuring the sponge is thoroughly moistened each time. Observe the root growth daily. When all roots have penetrated the seedling sponge, stop spraying distilled water onto the sponge and instead pour distilled water directly into the tray, ensuring the sponge is fully moistened. The excess nutrient solution should be less than one-quarter of the height of the sponge. The light environment should be controlled between 7:30 and 19:30, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux and a 24-hour relative humidity of 70%±5%. Step 4, Mid-Seedling Management: From day 4 to 6 of the seedling stage, irrigate the seedling tray with a 10% nutrient solution daily; from day 7 to 9 of the seedling stage, irrigate the bottom of the seedling tray with a 20% nutrient solution daily; the amount of nutrient solution each time should be enough to fully moisten the seedling sponge block, with excess nutrient solution less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling sponge block; the light environment should be controlled between 7:30 and 19:30, with a light intensity of 7000±500 Lux and a 24-hour relative humidity of 68%±5%; Step 5, Post-Seedling Management: Starting from the 10th day of the seedling stage, irrigate the seedling trays daily with a 50% concentration of nutrient solution, ensuring the seedling sponge blocks are fully moistened, with excess nutrient solution less than one-quarter of the height of the seedling sponge blocks; control the light environment from 7:30 to 19:30, with a light intensity of 7500±500 Lux, and maintain a 24-hour relative humidity of 60%±5%; on the 13th day, lettuce seedlings will have 3 leaves and 1 heart, and cherry radishes will have 2 fully unfolded true leaves. At the same time, transplant the two vegetables into the hydroponic pipes at a ratio of lettuce:cherry radishes = 2:1, thus completing the seedling stage.

2. The seedling cultivation method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponics of lettuce and cherry radish according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 includes the following specific steps: Take a container, add distilled water, ensuring the water level covers the rapeseed by 2-3 cm; soak the seeds for 2 hours, then take a plastic tray, place a sheet of facial tissue at the bottom of the tray, and evenly pour the soaked seeds onto the paper, avoiding overlapping; place another sheet of facial tissue on top of the seed-covered paper, spray with water to moisten, and cover with a film to germinate for 2 days; after germination, immerse the seedling sponge block in distilled water to fully absorb the water, place it flat in the tray, and tilt the tray so that the water does not drip; Prepare two tweezers. Use one to open the opening of a single seedling sponge block, and use the other tweezers to pick up the germinated seed and place it with the sprouted side down at one-third of the distance from the bottom of the seedling sponge block. Place the seedling sponge block in a new tray and begin the initial seedling stage. In the initial seedling stage, cover the entire tray of seedling blocks with paper towels and spray water to moisten the paper towels. After 2 days, when the lettuce cotyledons have emerged and fully opened, it is considered that the lettuce seeds have germinated. At this time, remove the paper towels and the seedling stage begins.

3. The seedling cultivation method for high-efficiency symbiotic hydroponics of lettuce and cherry radish according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps 3, 4 and 5, the thorough wetting of the seedling sponge block specifically means that the water in the seedling sponge block does not flow down when the tray is tilted.

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