Magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention provides a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and a preparation method thereof. In the present invention, magnetic fibers with high elasticity and magnetic induction intensity are prepared, and then the magnetic fibers are woven with ordinary fibers to form a magnetic layer, and conductive fibers are sewn on the surface of the elastic fabric in a circular shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer; then, they are combined in the layered order of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer, and the magnetic layer is in an arc shape without external force, thus obtaining a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric. By stretching, contracting, patting or slapping the three-layer fabric, the magnetic layers located in the upper and lower layers can approach or move away from each other, so that the magnetic flux in the circular conductive fibers located in the middle layer changes, and then an induced electromotive force is generated, realizing the self-power supply of the flexible sensing fabric, and sufficient electrical signal changes can be generated only by human actions or external forces without the need for external power supply equipment for sensing and monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of flexible sensing fabrics, and particularly to a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, flexible sensing technology has developed rapidly and has been gradually applied to fields such as personal health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and soft robots. However, this technology requires external power supply / storage devices (such as batteries), which limits its development in terms of usage range, service life, and lightweight. Therefore, the self-power supply of flexible sensing devices is very crucial.

[0003] The electromagnetic induction phenomenon refers to the phenomenon that an induced electromotive force is generated when the magnetic flux passing through a closed loop changes. This phenomenon was first discovered by Faraday, and self-powered devices based on electromagnetic induction began to emerge one after another and gradually became an important energy harvesting device. However, in existing such self-powered devices, most of the conductive coils and magnets are made of hard materials and are relatively heavy, without flexibility and elasticity, so it is difficult to combine with flexible sensor devices.

[0004] Moreover, most of the existing flexible sensor devices based on the electromagnetic induction phenomenon are of a split design. For example, the patent with the publication number CN111636130A provides a swinging electromagnetic induction power generation flexible fabric and its production method and application. This patent respectively arranges a magnetic yarn fabric and a conductive coil fabric on the surfaces of two relatively swinging parts, so as to convert the mechanical energy generated during the swinging / walking process of the human body into electrical energy by using the human electromagnetic induction effect. However, the magnetic fabric and the conductive coil fabric formed in this way are separated from each other and can only be applied to two different surfaces with relative swinging, and the actual application scenarios are relatively limited.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved magnetoelectric self-powered fabric that combines the magnetic fabric and the conductive coil fabric to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the defects of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and a preparation method thereof. The present invention weaves elastic magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer, sews conductive fibers in a loop shape on the surface of an elastic fabric to form an elastic conductive layer, and then combines them into a three-layer fabric in the order of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer. By stretching / contracting the fabric to make the upper and lower magnetic layers approach / separate from each other, the magnetic flux in the loop-shaped conductive fibers in the middle layer changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force and realizing the self-power supply of the flexible sensing fabric.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a preparation method for a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, including the following steps:

[0008] S1. After mixing the pre-treated elastic polymer and magnetic particles in a predetermined ratio, extrusion, shaping, and magnetization treatments are successively performed to obtain magnetic fibers.

[0009] S2. Weave the magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer.

[0010] S3. Sew the conductive fibers on the surface of the elastic fabric in a loop shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer.

[0011] S4. Combine the magnetic layer and the elastic conductive layer in a layered sequence of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer, and make the magnetic layer form an arc surface without external force to obtain a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the elastic fabric is woven from elastic fibers and ordinary fibers.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the pre-treatment operation of the elastic polymer is: dissolving the pellet of the elastic polymer in a solvent; the mass ratio of the elastic polymer to the magnetic particles is 80:20 to 20:80.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the magnetization treatment is: placing the shaped fiber to be magnetized under a voltage of 1500 - 3000V for magnetization for 1 - 2000ms to obtain the magnetic fibers.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the diameter of the magnetic fibers is 1 - 10mm.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, in the magnetic layer, the magnetic fibers are arranged parallel in the same direction; the arrangement density of the magnetic fibers is 1 - 30 pieces per 10cm.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the elastic polymer includes any one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylvinylsiloxane, polypropylene, polyolefin, and styrene polymer; the magnetic particles include any one of neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, neodymium nickel cobalt magnetic powder, iron oxide magnetic powder, chromium dioxide magnetic powder, and cobalt - iron oxide magnetic powder.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the conductive fiber includes any one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber, carbon nanotube fiber, silver-plated fiber, copper-plated fiber, gold-plated fiber, aluminum-plated fiber, iron-plated fiber, copper fiber, silver fiber, gold fiber, aluminum fiber, and iron fiber; the ordinary fiber includes any one of cotton fiber, wool fiber, polyester fiber, and polyamide fiber.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the elastic fiber includes any one of polyurethane fiber, latex fiber, rubber fiber, polyether ester fiber, and polyolefin fiber.

[0020] The present invention also provides a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, which is prepared by any of the above technical solutions, and sequentially includes a first magnetic layer, an elastic conductive layer, and a second magnetic layer from top to bottom; the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer have the same structure, and the axial direction of the magnetic fibers in the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer is perpendicular to the elastic stretching direction of the elastic conductive layer.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention prepares elastic magnetic fibers by mixing an elastic polymer and magnetic particles, then weaves the magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer, and sews the conductive fibers in a loop on the surface of the elastic fabric to form an elastic conductive layer. Then, it is combined in the layer sequence of the magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer to form a three-layer fabric, and at the same time, the magnetic layer is in an arc shape without external force, obtaining a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric. Based on the structure of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, by stretching, contracting, or patting the fabric, the magnetic layers on the upper and lower sides of the elastic conductive layer are brought closer or farther away from each other, so that the magnetic flux in the loop-shaped conductive fibers in the elastic conductive layer changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force and realizing the self-power supply of the flexible sensing fabric.

[0023] 2. On one hand, through magnetization treatment, the present invention fully enhances the magnetism of magnetic fibers and increases the magnetic induction intensity of the fabric. On the other hand, by reasonably designing the composition of magnetic fibers and the fabric structure, elastic magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers are woven into a magnetic layer, and the magnetic fibers are arranged parallel in the same direction in the magnetic layer, so as to ensure that the magnetic layer can be bent along the arrangement direction of the magnetic fibers to form an arc surface. Under this condition, by means of stretching, shrinking, patting, etc., the upper and lower magnetic layers can be made to approach or move away from each other. After the external force stops, based on the elasticity of the magnetic fibers and the elastic fabric itself, the fabric can also quickly return to its original state. During this process, the positions of the upper and lower magnetic layers change rapidly and significantly, which can effectively increase the change rate of magnetic flux passing through the loop-shaped conductive fibers, so that the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric prepared by the present invention generates sufficient electrical signal changes for sensing and monitoring, and improves the sensitivity of monitoring.

[0024] 3. The magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention weaves magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer together, which can not only ensure that the magnetic fibers have a single arrangement direction, but also use ordinary fibers to coat the outer surface of the magnetic fibers, playing a certain protective role for the magnetic fibers, slowing down the loss of magnetic fibers, so as to protect the elasticity and magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic fibers. Moreover, during the actual application process, stretching the elastic fabric in the elastic conductive layer can change the positional relationship between the upper and lower magnetic layers, without directly stretching the magnetic fibers, which can extend the service life of the magnetic fibers.

[0025] 4. The magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention integrates power supply and sensing on fabrics and clothing. Utilizing the flexibility of ordinary fibers and the elasticity of magnetic fibers, it can be bent and rebound arbitrarily, facilitating human wearing, and without the need to use external power supply devices such as batteries. Electrical signals can be generated through human actions and external forces, and it has a wide range of application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 is an exploded structural diagram of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural changes of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric provided by the present invention before and after stretching.

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the product provided in Comparative Example 2.

[0030] Figure 5 is the detection result of the voltage change generated with the deformation in Example 1.

[0031] Figure 6 Detection result of voltage change generated by Comparative Example 1 with deformation.

[0032] Figure 7 Detection result of voltage change generated by Comparative Example 2 with deformation.

[0033] Reference numerals

[0034] 10 - First magnetic layer; 11 - Magnetic fiber; 12 - Ordinary fiber; 20 - Elastic conductive layer; 21 - Elastic fabric; 22 - Loop-shaped conductive fiber; 30 - Second magnetic layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Here, it should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details less related to the present invention are omitted.

[0037] In addition, it should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0038] The present invention provides a preparation method of a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. After mixing the pretreated elastic polymer and magnetic particles in a predetermined ratio, extrusion, shaping and magnetization treatments are sequentially performed to obtain magnetic fibers;

[0040] S2. Weave the magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer;

[0041] S3. Sew the conductive fibers on the surface of the elastic fabric in a loop shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer;

[0042] S4. Combine the magnetic layer and the elastic conductive layer in the layer sequence of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer, and make the magnetic layer be in an arc shape without external force to obtain a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric.

[0043] In the above - mentioned manner, the magnetic fibers obtained in step S1 have both good elasticity and high magnetic induction intensity; on this basis, the magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers are woven together to form a magnetic layer, and the magnetic fibers are arranged parallel to each other in the same direction in the magnetic layer, so that the magnetic layer has a certain supporting ability to ensure that the magnetic layer can be bent along the arrangement direction of the magnetic fibers to form an arc surface. Under this condition, by stretching, shrinking or patting the fabric, the magnetic layers on the upper and lower sides of the elastic conductive layer approach or move away from each other, so that the magnetic flux in the loop - shaped conductive fibers in the elastic conductive layer changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force and realizing the self - power supply of the flexible sensing fabric.

[0044] More specifically, in step S1, the purpose of the pretreatment operation of the elastic polymer is to make it form a liquid phase that can be uniformly mixed with magnetic particles. The specific pretreatment methods include dissolving the granular material of the elastic polymer in a solvent or preparing a polymer solution by mixing a main agent and a curing agent; the selection of the solvent, main agent, and curing agent is determined according to the type of the elastic polymer, as long as the elastic polymer can form a liquid phase to be fully mixed with magnetic particles, and the present invention does not limit this. The shaping treatment method in step S1 can also be freely selected according to the type of the elastic polymer, as long as the polymer can be cured and shaped.

[0045] In step S1, the mass ratio of the elastic polymer to the magnetic particles is 80:20 - 20:80; the magnetization treatment is: placing the shaped fiber to be magnetized under a voltage of 1500 - 3000V for 1 - 2000ms to obtain the magnetic fiber. With such settings, the prepared magnetic fibers can all have both good elasticity and high magnetic induction intensity.

[0046] More specifically, in step S1, the diameter of the magnetic fiber is 1 - 10mm. If the magnetic fiber is too thin, the content of magnetic particles will be too small, resulting in insufficient magnetic field strength; if the magnetic fiber is too thick, its mass will be heavier, which will affect the weaving and feel of the fabric. By limiting the diameter of the magnetic fiber to 1 - 10mm in the present invention, it can fit the size of the fabric, taking into account the flexibility and light weight of the fabric while ensuring the magnetic field strength.

[0047] In step S2, in the magnetic layer, the magnetic fibers are arranged parallel to each other in the same direction; the arrangement density of the magnetic fibers is 1 - 30 pieces / 10cm. Adjusting the arrangement density within this range can control the strength of the sensing signal, as well as the weight and flexibility of the fabric, enabling the fabric to be applied to more diverse scenarios while taking into account the magnetic field strength, flexibility, and light weight of the fabric.

[0048] Preferably, the elastic polymer includes any one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylvinylsiloxane, polypropylene, polyolefin, and styrene polymer; the magnetic particles include any one of neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, neodymium nickel cobalt magnetic powder, iron oxide magnetic powder, chromium dioxide magnetic powder, and cobalt-iron oxide magnetic powder. The conductive fiber includes any one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber, carbon nanotube fiber, silver-plated fiber, copper-plated fiber, gold-plated fiber, aluminum-plated fiber, iron-plated fiber, copper fiber, silver fiber, gold fiber, aluminum fiber, and iron fiber; the ordinary fiber includes any one of cotton fiber, wool fiber, polyester fiber, and polyamide fiber. The elastic fiber includes any one of polyurethane fiber, latex fiber, rubber fiber, polyether ester fiber, and polyolefin fiber.

[0049] In step S3, the elastic fabric is woven from elastic fibers and ordinary fibers. More specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, elastic fibers are used as warp yarns and ordinary fibers are used as weft yarns for weaving. The formed elastic fabric can elastically stretch along the warp direction; at the same time, the magnetic fibers in the magnetic layer are used as weft yarns for weaving, so that the axial direction of the magnetic fibers in the magnetic layer is perpendicular to the elastic stretching direction of the elastic fabric. Thus, when the elastic conductive layer is stretched, the magnetic fibers in the same magnetic layer move away from each other, changing the arc curvature of the magnetic layer, and further showing the mutual approach between the upper and lower magnetic layers, changing the magnetic flux of the loop-shaped conductive fibers in the intermediate layer to generate an induced electromotive force.

[0050] The present invention also provides a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, which is prepared by any one of the above technical solutions. The schematic structural diagrams of its overall state and decomposed state are respectively as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, and successively include a first magnetic layer 10, an elastic conductive layer 20, and a second magnetic layer 30 from top to bottom; the first magnetic layer 10 and the second magnetic layer 30 have the same structure and are both woven from magnetic fibers 11 and ordinary fibers 12; the elastic conductive layer includes an elastic fabric 21 and loop-shaped conductive fibers 22 sewn on the surface of the elastic fabric; the axial directions of the magnetic fibers 11 in the first magnetic layer 10 and the second magnetic layer 30 are perpendicular to the elastic stretching direction of the elastic conductive layer 20.

[0051] The magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and its preparation method provided by the present invention will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This example provides a preparation method of a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, including the following steps:

[0054] S1. Mix the purchased polydimethylsiloxane silicone elastomer according to the description in the instruction manual. Mix solution A and solution B in a mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the uncured polydimethylsiloxane silicone elastomer. At the same time, add neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, extrude it through a syringe needle, and dry it at 80 °C for 2 hours for curing and shaping. Magnetize the cured and shaped fiber to be magnetized at 2000 V for 20 ms to obtain magnetic fibers with a diameter of 5 mm. Among them, the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to neodymium iron boron magnetic powder is 20:80.

[0055] S2. Use the prepared magnetic fibers as the weft yarn and ordinary fibers with a diameter of 0.1 mm as the warp yarn to weave into a magnetic layer. In this magnetic layer, the arrangement density of the magnetic fibers is 10 pieces / 10 cm.

[0056] S3. Weave with elastic fibers as the warp yarn and ordinary fibers as the weft yarn to obtain an elastic fabric that can elastically stretch along the warp direction. Sew the conductive fiber (copper fiber) on the surface of the elastic fabric in a circular shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer. Among them, both ends of the circular conductive fiber extend outside the elastic fabric for wiring to form a closed circuit.

[0057] S4. Combine the magnetic layer and the elastic conductive layer in the layered order of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer, and sew them in the state where the magnetic layer is bent, so that the magnetic layer forms a convex arc surface in the natural state without external force, and obtain a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric.

[0058] The schematic diagram of the structural change of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric before and after stretching is as Figure 3 shown. From Figure 3 it can be seen that by stretching, contracting or patting the fabric, the magnetic layers located on both sides of the elastic conductive layer are close to or away from each other, so that the magnetic flux in the circular conductive fibers in the elastic conductive layer changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force and realizing the self-power supply of the flexible sensing fabric.

[0059] Comparative Examples 1 - 2

[0060] Comparative Examples 1 - 2 respectively provide a preparation method of a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric. Compared with Example 1, in step S1 of Comparative Example 1, the magnetization treatment operation was not performed. In Comparative Example 2, the copper fiber was directly wound around the magnetic fiber to form a closed circuit (the schematic diagram of its structure is as Figure 4 shown). The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Detect the voltage change generated by the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2 with deformation. The detection results are as Figures 5 to 7 shown.

[0062] The test results show that, compared with Example 1, the electrical signal strength of Comparative Example 1 decreased by about 3 times. The magnetization treatment operation has a significant gain effect on the generation of electrical signals. Enhancing the magnetic field strength of the fabric can increase the change in magnetic flux caused by the displacement of the fabric structure, thereby increasing the magnitude of the induced electromotive force, which is beneficial to the subsequent signal reception and analysis. Compared with Comparative Example 2, the signal strength of Example 1 increased by one order of magnitude. The fabric structure design has a significant impact on the induced electromotive force generated by the magnetoelectric fabric. By increasing the effective change in magnetic flux and strengthening the integration of the fabric's capture of movement and displacement, the strength of the sensing signal can be significantly improved, providing a good foundation for subsequent module integration and sewing into clothing.

[0063] Examples 2 to 4

[0064] Examples 2 to 4 respectively provide a preparation method of a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric. Compared with Example 1, in Example 2, only the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to neodymium iron boron magnetic powder was adjusted to 50:50. In Example 3, only the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane to neodymium iron boron magnetic powder was adjusted to 80:20. In Example 4, only the arrangement density of magnetic fibers in the magnetic layer was adjusted to 5 pieces / 10 cm. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be elaborated here.

[0065] After testing, the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabrics prepared in Examples 2 to 4 can all generate strong voltage changes with deformation. Compared with Example 1, since the magnetic particle content in Examples 2 and 3 decreased in sequence, the magnetic field strength generated by the magnetic fibers also decreased accordingly. The induced electromotive force generated when the magnetic layer and the elastic conductive layer approached or separated from each other also decreased relatively. Therefore, under the same deformation, the voltage signal strength of Example 1 > the voltage signal strength of Example 2 > the voltage signal strength of Example 3. The voltage signal strengths of Example 2 and Example 3. Compared with Example 1, Example 4 reduced the arrangement density of magnetic fibers, and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic layer decreased, resulting in the voltage signal strength being significantly lower than that of Example 1.

[0066] In summary, the present invention provides a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric and a preparation method thereof. In the present invention, magnetic fibers with high elasticity and magnetic induction intensity are prepared, and then the magnetic fibers are woven with ordinary fibers to form a magnetic layer, and conductive fibers are sewn on the surface of the elastic fabric in a loop shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer; then, the layers are combined in the order of magnetic layer-elastic conductive layer-magnetic layer, and the magnetic layer is in an arc shape without external force, so as to obtain a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric. By stretching, shrinking, patting or slapping the three-layer fabric, the magnetic layers located in the upper and lower layers can be close to or away from each other, so that the magnetic flux in the loop-shaped conductive fibers located in the middle layer changes, and then an induced electromotive force is generated, realizing the self-power supply of the flexible sensing fabric, and sufficient electrical signal changes can be generated only by human actions or external forces without the need for an external power supply device for sensing and monitoring.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. After mixing the pretreated elastic polymer and magnetic particles in a predetermined ratio, extrusion, shaping, and magnetization treatments are successively carried out to obtain magnetic fibers; S2. Weave the magnetic fibers and ordinary fibers into a magnetic layer; S3. Sew the conductive fibers on the surface of the elastic fabric in a loop shape to obtain an elastic conductive layer; S4. Combine the magnetic layer and the elastic conductive layer in the layer sequence of magnetic layer - elastic conductive layer - magnetic layer, and make the magnetic layer form an arc surface under no external force to obtain a magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric.

2. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the elastic fabric is woven from elastic fibers and ordinary fibers.

3. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the pretreatment operation of the elastic polymer is: dissolving the pellet of the elastic polymer in a solvent; the mass ratio of the elastic polymer to the magnetic particles is 80:20 to 20:

80.

4. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the magnetization treatment is: placing the shaped fiber to be magnetized under a voltage of 1500 - 3000V for magnetization for 1 - 2000ms to obtain the magnetic fibers.

5. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the diameter of the magnetic fibers is 1 - 10mm.

6. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, in the magnetic layer, the magnetic fibers are arranged parallel to each other in the same direction; the arrangement density of the magnetic fibers is 1 - 30 pieces per 10cm.

7. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the elastic polymer includes any one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylvinylsiloxane, polyolefin, and styrene polymer; the magnetic particles include any one of neodymium iron boron magnetic powder, neodymium nickel cobalt magnetic powder, iron oxide magnetic powder, chromium dioxide magnetic powder, and cobalt - iron oxide magnetic powder.

8. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the conductive fibers include any one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber, carbon nanotube fiber, silver-plated fiber, copper-plated fiber, gold-plated fiber, aluminum-plated fiber, iron-plated fiber, copper fiber, silver fiber, gold fiber, aluminum fiber, and iron fiber; the ordinary fibers include any one of cotton fiber, wool fiber, polyester fiber, and polyamide fiber.

9. The preparation method of the magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the elastic fibers include any one of polyurethane fiber, rubber fiber, polyether ester fiber, and polyolefin fiber.

10. A magnetoelectric self-powered three-layer fabric, characterized in that: Prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 - 9; from top to bottom, it successively includes a first magnetic layer, an elastic conductive layer, and a second magnetic layer; the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer have the same structure, and the axial directions of the magnetic fibers in the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer are perpendicular to the elastic stretching direction of the elastic conductive layer.

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