A coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage method

Abstract

A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage involves initially filling the site with coal-based solid waste after site selection. A compressed air energy storage power station is constructed on the ground, and a high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline is installed through a working well. Multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipelines, vertical protective shafts, multiple high-pressure elastic air storage bags, multiple horizontal protective shafts, and multiple spherical protective covers are installed to form a layer of energy storage mechanism. Inflating the energy storage mechanism is then performed. The high-pressure elastic air storage bags, high-pressure gas transmission branch pipelines, horizontal protective shafts, and spherical protective covers, which have already been filled with gas, are surrounded and completely covered with coal-based solid waste materials mixed with cement slurry. A new layer of inflating the energy storage mechanism is then constructed and filled with coal-based solid waste materials alternately. Energy storage and power generation are then performed alternately to balance the fluctuations in power generation from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, achieving peak shaving and valley filling for the power grid. This method achieves the combined goals of low-cost renovation of mine goafs, proper disposal of coal-based solid waste, and efficient utilization of space in abandoned mine goafs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground space utilization and power energy storage in abandoned mines, and specifically relates to a method for disposing coal-based solid waste and storing compressed air energy. Background Art

[0002] my country has seen rapid development in new energy technologies such as wind power and photovoltaics in recent years. Rapidly growing installed capacity has led to a continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy in electricity generation. According to official statistics, from January to November 2022, renewable energy accounted for 30.6% of electricity generation. By the end of 2022, cumulative installed renewable energy capacity had reached 47.4% of my country's total installed power capacity. While my country's power system is becoming cleaner, the intermittent, random, and volatile nature of wind and solar power generation poses significant challenges to its stability, flexibility, and reliability. Furthermore, since my country's abundant wind and solar resources are primarily concentrated in the northwest, while high electricity demand is concentrated in the central and eastern regions, the absorption of new energy sources is a significant challenge. Nationwide, with the exception of peak summer months, curtailment of both solar and wind power is a problem to varying degrees. This absorption problem severely constrains the expansion of renewable energy installations. Therefore, large-scale energy storage technology is needed to support the development of new energy technologies.

[0003] During the production and use of coal, large amounts of solid waste such as coal gangue and fly ash are generated. Coal-based solid waste has caused serious pollution to the atmosphere, water bodies, soil and other environments. The proper disposal of coal-based solid waste has become a serious problem that needs to be solved urgently. At the same time, with the years of mining of mineral resources, large-scale underground voids have formed in many areas. According to conservative estimates by relevant departments, the cumulative volume of mine voids in my country exceeds 25 billion m 3 , equivalent to the capacity of the Three Gorges Reservoir.

[0004] A large amount of underground space resources provides storage space for coal-based solid waste filling and landfill, and also provides a good implementation foundation for compressed air energy storage technology. The method of using abandoned mines for compressed air energy storage has effectively achieved the secondary utilization of abandoned mine underground space and the "peak shaving and valley filling" of new energy power generation such as wind and light. However, under normal circumstances, mine goafs cannot be used directly as compressed air storage chambers, and the cost of renovating the entire goaf is too high and the economic efficiency is poor. At the same time, if the goafs are filled with coal-based solid waste and the space is used once, sustainable and efficient utilization of underground space cannot be achieved. In this case, there is an urgent need to develop new compressed air energy storage technologies to achieve low-cost transformation and efficient utilization of mine goafs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage. The method has a simple implementation process and can achieve the comprehensive goals of low-cost transformation of mine goafs, proper treatment of coal-based solid waste and efficient utilization of space in abandoned mine goafs. At the same time, it can effectively solve a series of problems such as the strong volatility of existing wind and solar power generation, difficulty in grid connection, idle waste of space in abandoned mine goafs, and coal-based solid waste treatment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Site selection and transformation;

[0008] S11: Select a mine goaf where the surrounding rock is stable after mining and meets the conditions for compressed air energy storage, survey the geological parameters of the goaf to determine whether it has large-scale energy storage capacity;

[0009] S12: After the site selection is completed, the coal-based solid waste is initially filled in the goaf. The coal-based solid waste material is spread on the bottom layer of the goaf to form the coal-based solid waste base layer of the gas storage chamber, which also serves as the cushion layer for subsequent gas storage work;

[0010] Step 2: Build a compressed air energy storage system;

[0011] S21: Construct a compressed air energy storage power station on the ground, and install a high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline in the goaf through a working well, so that the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline is lowered to the bottom of the goaf and reaches a position close to the base of the coal-based solid waste land;

[0012] S22: construct the first layer of energy storage mechanism;

[0013] S221: Arranging a plurality of transversely extending high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (1) circumferentially around the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe in the same plane, and fixing the head ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (1) to the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe so as to interpenetrate and connect them;

[0014] S222: Installing a high-pressure valve 1 at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 1, and establishing an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve 1 and the compressed air energy storage power station;

[0015] S223: Assembling the plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags in a one-to-one correspondence at the ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes;

[0016] S224: Install a vertical protection shaft around the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline;

[0017] S225: Install a horizontal protection shaft 1 on the periphery of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 1, and fix the head end of each horizontal protection shaft 1 to the bottom end of the vertical protection shaft;

[0018] S226: Installing a spherical protective cover with an open end on the periphery of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag, and fixing the open end of the spherical protective cover to the end of the horizontal protection shaft.

[0019] Step 3: First layer gas filling and energy storage operation;

[0020] The ground compressed air energy storage power station controls the opening of multiple high-pressure valves in the first-layer energy storage mechanism, utilizes surplus electrical energy to perform compressed air inflation, and injects high-pressure air into each high-pressure elastic air storage bag through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline in the working well until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag reaches the maximum energy storage pressure.

[0021] Step 4: Filling the first layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste;

[0022] S41: After the first-layer gas filling and energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station controls and closes multiple high-pressure valves in the first-layer energy storage mechanism;

[0023] S42: Filling the coal-based solid waste material 2 mixed with cement slurry onto the initially filled coal-based solid waste foundation layer, using the filled coal-based solid waste material 2 to surround and completely cover the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag 1, the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 1, the horizontal protection shaft 1, and the spherical protection cover 1 that have completed gas storage, and forming a new foundation layer on top of the covered area;

[0024] Step 5: Build a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism;

[0025] S51: Arranging a plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 2 extending transversely and circumferentially in the same plane above the new foundation layer, and fixing and connecting the front ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 2 to corresponding positions of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe so as to penetrate each other;

[0026] S52: Installing a high-pressure valve 2 at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2, and establishing an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve 2 and the compressed air energy storage power station;

[0027] S53: Assembling the plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags 2 in a one-to-one correspondence at the ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 2;

[0028] S54: Install a second horizontal protection shaft around each second high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, and securely connect the head end of each second horizontal protection shaft to the corresponding portion of the vertical protection shaft;

[0029] S55: Installing a spherical protective cover with an open end on the outside of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag, and fixing the open end of the spherical protective cover to the end of the horizontal protection shaft.

[0030] Step 6: Inflation of a new layer of inflatable energy storage mechanism;

[0031] The ground compressed air energy storage power station is used to control the opening of multiple high-pressure valves 2 in the new layer of gas storage, and the surplus electric energy is used to perform the compressed air inflation operation. The high-pressure air is then charged into the high-pressure elastic air storage bags 2 through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2 in the working well until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 reaches the maximum energy storage pressure;

[0032] Step 7: Fill a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste;

[0033] S61: After the first-layer gas-filled energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station controls the closing of multiple high-pressure valves 2 in the gas-filled energy storage mechanism of the next layer;

[0034] S62: Filling the new foundation with the second coal-based solid waste material mixed with cement slurry, and using the second coal-based solid waste material to surround and completely cover the second high-pressure elastic gas storage bag, the second high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, and the second horizontal protection shaft that have completed gas storage, and forming a new foundation on top of the covered area;

[0035] Step 8: Complete the construction of the multi-layer gas-filled energy storage mechanism;

[0036] Repeat steps 5 to 7 to construct multiple layers of compressed air energy storage chambers using high-pressure elastic air storage bags, and fill the space outside the high-pressure gas branch pipelines, high-pressure elastic air storage bags, protective shafts, and high-pressure gas main pipelines in the goaf with coal-based solid waste materials until all the space in the goaf is fully utilized;

[0037] Step 9: Alternate between energy storage and power generation operations;

[0038] After the structural state of the coal-based solid waste material 2 is stabilized, the high-pressure air in the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 is released and the turbine is driven to perform compressed air power generation operations. According to the power consumption situation and the actual situation of new energy power generation, the filling and deflation operations of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 are flexibly called to perform compressed air energy storage and energy release power generation operations, balance the volatility of new energy power generation such as wind and light, and achieve peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to achieve efficient use of the goaf space, in step 1, the goaf space is not less than 1×10 6 m 3 .

[0040] Furthermore, in order to ensure that more compressed air can be stored during the inflation process, and at the same time, to achieve efficient power generation during the deflation process, the gas storage pressure of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 in step 2 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 in step 5 is not less than 10MPa.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to prevent the outer wall of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 from adhering to the inner wall of the spherical protective cover 1, thereby affecting the inflation and deflation process, and at the same time, to prevent the outer wall of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 from adhering to the inner wall of the spherical protective cover 2, thereby affecting the inflation and deflation process, the inner walls of the spherical protective cover 1 in step 2 and the spherical protective cover 2 in step 5 are both smooth structures.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the replacement of high-pressure gas branch pipelines one and two, the size of the horizontal protection wellbore one in step two is larger than the outer diameter of the high-pressure gas branch pipeline one, and the inner diameter of the horizontal protection wellbore two in step five is larger than the outer diameter of the high-pressure gas branch pipeline two.

[0043] In the present invention, the bottom of the goaf is initially filled with coal-based solid waste materials, which not only effectively disposes of a portion of the coal-based solid waste materials but also forms a bottom protective layer at the bottom of the compressed air energy storage working chamber to be constructed, effectively ensuring the stability of the bottom structure of the chamber. Multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes are circumferentially arranged in the same plane, and the head ends of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes are fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe in a continuous manner. Simultaneously, multiple high-pressure elastic gas storage bags are correspondingly assembled at the ends of the multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes. This facilitates the use of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes to establish a communication channel between the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe and the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags. This allows the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes to not only guide high-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe into the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags, but also guide high-pressure gas from the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags into the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe. The use of high-pressure elastic air storage bags effectively reduces the difficulty of site selection, allowing the present invention to be implemented in various mine goafs in different regions. The number of air storage bags used and the capacity of each air storage bag can be flexibly arranged, greatly improving the adaptability of compressed air energy storage technology. The high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline is arranged to extend horizontally, which is conducive to the efficient utilization of the vertical space in the goaf, and thus it is possible to build a multi-layer compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber in the goaf. A high-pressure valve is installed at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, and the high-pressure valve is electrically connected to the compressed air energy storage power station. This allows the compressed air energy storage power station to centrally control the opening and closing of each high-pressure valve, and thus facilitates the automated control of the filling and deflation process of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag. A vertical protective shaft is installed on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline. At the same time, a horizontal protective shaft is installed on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline. A spherical protective cover is provided on the periphery of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag to form a first layer of protection around the compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber. After the next layer of high-pressure elastic air storage bags completes its gas storage operation, the next layer of inflatable energy storage mechanisms is filled and covered with coal-based solid waste material mixed with cement slurry. This solidified coal-based solid waste material forms a second protective layer around the working chamber of the compressed air energy storage system. This dual protective layer effectively ensures the stability of the chamber structure. A spherical protective cover is installed around the outer surface of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag, effectively preventing the coal-based solid waste material from directly adhering to the outer surface of the bag, which could prevent the bag from cycling through air and gas. By alternating between the construction of the compressed air energy storage chamber and the filling of the coal-based solid waste material, multiple layers of compressed air energy storage working chambers can be constructed within the goaf. Filling the coal-based solid waste with cement slurry utilizes the cement's ability to solidify the coal-based solid waste into a stable structure, allowing the coal-based solid waste material to cover the working chamber of the compressed air energy storage system, forming a structurally stable protective layer.At the same time, the coal-based solid waste materials filling the gaps between adjacent compressed air energy storage working chambers form an isolation layer, which facilitates the vertical division of multiple chambers within the goaf, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of goaf renovation. At the same time, it ensures that the individual chambers do not interfere with each other, ensuring that each can operate independently, increasing the flexibility and applicability of compressed air energy storage. Flexible deployment of high-pressure elastic air storage bags for filling and deflation operations based on electricity consumption and renewable energy generation for compressed air energy storage and energy release power generation can effectively balance the volatility of renewable energy generation such as wind and solar power, achieving peak shaving and valley filling for the power grid.

[0044] The present invention provides a method for combining coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage to achieve efficient utilization of the space in abandoned mine goafs. It can combine compressed air energy storage technology with coal-based solid waste filling to secondary utilize the space in mine goafs, effectively solving the storage problem of coal-based solid waste and providing gas storage working space for compressed air energy storage. It avoids the one-time utilization of goaf space resources by simple coal-based solid waste filling, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of goaf space. The present invention can effectively solve a series of problems such as the strong volatility of existing wind and solar power generation, the difficulty of grid connection, the idle waste of abandoned mine goaf space, and the treatment of coal-based solid waste, thereby achieving the comprehensive purpose of "peak shaving and valley filling" for wind, solar and other new energy power generation, proper disposal of coal-based solid waste and efficient utilization of abandoned mine goaf space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention using coal-based solid waste materials to fill the bottom of the goaf to form a coal-based solid waste foundation;

[0046] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the compressed air energy storage system in the method of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first-layer gas storage operation in the method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of coal-based solid waste covering and filling in the method of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the new energy storage layer in the method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of compressed air energy storage operation in the method of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of calling the air storage bag part in the method of the present invention.

[0052] In the figure: 1. Goaf, 2. Coal-based solid waste material 2, 3. Coal-based solid waste foundation, 4. Compressed air energy storage power station, 5. Working well, 6. High-pressure gas transmission main pipeline, 7. High-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 1, 8. High-pressure elastic air storage bag 1, 9. High-pressure valve 1, 10. Horizontal protection shaft 1, 11. Vertical protection shaft, 12. Horizontal protection shaft 2, 13. Spherical protective cover 1, 14. Spherical protective cover 2, 15. High-pressure valve 2, 16. High-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2, 17. High-pressure elastic air storage bag 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage, firstly, the site selection and survey work are carried out on the goaf 1 of the completed mining mine, and a layer of coal-based solid waste material is preliminarily filled and laid in the goaf 1 as a cushion layer, then a high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline is erected on the cushion layer, and a high-pressure elastic air storage bag is installed at each outlet position of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline. At the same time, a transverse protective shaft is installed on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, and a spherical protective cover is set on the periphery of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag. When a layer of high-pressure elastic air storage bag completes gas storage, a new layer of coal-based solid waste material is filled to surround and cover the high-pressure elastic air storage bag, thereby forming a protective layer around the gas storage space; after the gas storage and the filling of coal-based solid waste material are completed in the lower layer, a new layer of coal-based solid waste material is installed on the filling layer. Install high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes, high-pressure elastic air storage bags, horizontal protective shafts and spherical protective covers to build a compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber. After the high-pressure elastic air storage bags of this layer have finished storing air, fill them with coal-based solid waste materials. In this way, alternately carry out the construction of the compressed air energy storage chamber and the filling of coal-based solid waste materials, so as to use high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes and high-pressure elastic air storage bags to build the compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber layer by layer inside the goaf 1 until all the space in the goaf 1 is fully utilized. Finally, after the protective layer around the high-pressure elastic air storage bag is stable, the high-pressure elastic air storage bag is recycled as a working space for charging and deflating compressed air energy, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient utilization of the space resources of the goaf 1 in the mine. Specifically, the following steps are included;

[0055] Step 1: Site selection and transformation;

[0056] S11: Select a mine goaf 1 where the surrounding rock is stable after mining and meets the conditions for compressed air energy storage, survey the geological parameters of the goaf 1, and determine whether it has large-scale energy storage capacity;

[0057] S12: After the site selection is completed, the coal-based solid waste is initially filled in the goaf 1, and the coal-based solid waste material is spread on the bottom layer of the goaf 1. Figure 1As shown, the coal-based solid waste foundation 3 forms the gas storage chamber and serves as a cushion for subsequent gas storage work;

[0058] Step 2: Build a compressed air energy storage system;

[0059] S21: Construct a compressed air energy storage power station 4 on the ground, and install a high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline 6 in the goaf 1 through a working well 5, so that the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline 6 is lowered to the bottom of the goaf 1 and reaches a position close to the coal-based solid waste base 3;

[0060] S22: construct the first layer of energy storage mechanism;

[0061] S221: If Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of transversely extending high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 7 are arranged circumferentially around the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe 6 in the same plane, and the head ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 7 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe 6 so as to penetrate each other;

[0062] S222: Install a high-pressure valve 9 at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 7, and establish an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve 9 and the compressed air energy storage power station 4, so that the compressed air energy storage power station 4 can centrally control multiple high-pressure valves 9, thereby facilitating automated control of the inflation and deflation processes of the corresponding high-pressure elastic air storage bag 8.

[0063] S223: Assembling a plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags 8 in a one-to-one correspondence at the ends of a plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 7;

[0064] S224: Installing a vertical protection shaft 11 on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline 6;

[0065] S225: Install a horizontal protection shaft 10 around the periphery of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 7, and securely connect the head end of each horizontal protection shaft 10 to the bottom end of the vertical protection shaft 11;

[0066] S226: Install a spherical protective cover 13 with an open end on the periphery of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 8, and securely connect the open end of the spherical protective cover 13 to the end of the horizontal protection shaft 10;

[0067] Step 3: First layer gas filling and energy storage operation;

[0068] The ground compressed air energy storage power station 4 controls the opening of multiple high-pressure valves 9 in the first-layer energy storage mechanism, and uses the surplus electric energy to perform the compressed air charging operation. The high-pressure air is charged into each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 8 through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline 6 and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 7 in the working well 5, until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 8 reaches the maximum energy storage pressure. Figure 3 As shown, the surplus electrical energy is converted into air pressure energy to realize the energy storage operation of compressed air;

[0069] Step 4: Filling the first layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste;

[0070] S41: After the first-layer gas filling and energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station 4 controls and closes the multiple high-pressure valves 9 in the first-layer energy storage mechanism;

[0071] S42: Filling the coal-based solid waste material 2 mixed with cement slurry on the initially filled coal-based solid waste base layer 3, such as Figure 4 As shown, the coal-based solid waste material 2 is used to surround and completely cover the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag 8, the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 7, the horizontal protection shaft 10 and the spherical protection cover 13 that have completed gas storage, and a new foundation is formed on top of the covered part;

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, the amount of cement slurry added is at least sufficient to ensure the structural stability of the coal-based solid waste;

[0073] Step 5: Build a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism;

[0074] S51: If Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 16 extending laterally are arranged circumferentially in the same plane above the new foundation, and the front ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 16 are fixedly connected to the corresponding positions of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe 6 so as to penetrate each other;

[0075] S52: Install a high-pressure valve 2 15 at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2 16 , and establish an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve 2 15 and the compressed air energy storage power station 4 , so that the compressed air energy storage power station 4 can centrally control the multiple high-pressure valves 2 15 , thereby facilitating automated control of the inflation and deflation processes of the corresponding high-pressure elastic air storage bags 2 17 ;

[0076] S53: Assembling the plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags 17 one by one at the ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes 16;

[0077] S54: Install a second horizontal protection shaft 12 around each second high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 16, and securely connect the head end of each second horizontal protection shaft 12 to the corresponding portion of the vertical protection shaft 11;

[0078] S55: Install a spherical protective cover 14 with an open end on the outside of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 17, and fix the open end of the spherical protective cover 14 to the end of the horizontal protection shaft 12;

[0079] Step 6: Inflation of a new layer of inflatable energy storage mechanism;

[0080] The ground compressed air energy storage power station 4 controls the opening of multiple high-pressure valves 2 15 in the new layer of gas storage, and uses the surplus electricity to perform the compressed air inflation operation. The high-pressure air is then passed through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline 6 and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2 16 in the working well 5 and is then filled into the high-pressure elastic air storage bags 2 17 until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17 reaches the maximum energy storage pressure.

[0081] Step 7: Fill a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste;

[0082] S61: After the first layer of gas filling and energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station 4 controls the closing of multiple high-pressure valves 15 in the new layer of gas filling and energy storage mechanism;

[0083] S62: Filling the new foundation with the coal-based solid waste material 2 mixed with cement slurry, and using the filled coal-based solid waste material 2 to surround and completely cover the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag 2 17, the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline 2 16, the horizontal protection shaft 2 12, and the spherical protection cover 2 14 that have completed gas storage, and forming a new foundation on top of the covered area;

[0084] Step 8: Complete the construction of the multi-layer gas-filled energy storage mechanism;

[0085] Repeat steps 5 to 7 to build multiple layers of compressed air energy storage chambers using high-pressure elastic air storage bags, and fill the space outside the high-pressure gas branch pipeline, high-pressure elastic air storage bags, protective wellbore and high-pressure gas main pipeline 6 in the goaf 1 with coal-based solid waste materials, such as Figure 6 As shown, until all the space in the goaf 1 is fully utilized;

[0086] Step 9: Alternate between energy storage and power generation operations;

[0087] After the structure of the coal-based solid waste material 2 is stabilized, the high-pressure air in the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 8 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17 is released to drive the turbine to perform compressed air power generation. The solidified coal-based solid waste material around the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 8 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17 can effectively ensure the stability of the gas storage space structure. Figure 7 As shown, according to the electricity consumption and the actual situation of new energy power generation, the filling and deflation operations of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 8 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17 are flexibly called upon to perform compressed air energy storage and energy release power generation, balance the volatility of new energy power generation such as wind and light, and achieve "peak shaving and valley filling" of the power grid.

[0088] In order to achieve efficient use of the goaf space, in step 1, the space of the goaf 1 is not less than 1×10 6 m3 .

[0089] In order to ensure that more compressed air can be stored during the inflation process, and at the same time, to achieve efficient power generation during the deflation process, the gas storage pressure of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 8 in step 2 and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17 in step 5 is not less than 10 MPa.

[0090] To prevent the outer wall of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 from adhering to the inner wall of spherical protective cover 1, thereby affecting the inflation and deflation process, and to prevent the outer wall of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 from adhering to the inner wall of spherical protective cover 2, thereby affecting the inflation and deflation process, the inner walls of spherical protective cover 13 in step 2 and spherical protective cover 2 14 in step 5 are both smooth. The volume of spherical protective cover 13 is greater than the volume of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 18 in its maximum air storage state, and the volume of spherical protective cover 2 14 is greater than that of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17. Furthermore, spherical protective cover 13 has sufficient strength and rigidity, and the aperture at its open end is sufficient to ensure easy replacement of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 18. Spherical protective cover 2 14 has sufficient strength and rigidity, and the aperture at its open mid-end is sufficient to ensure easy replacement of high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 17.

[0091] To facilitate replacement of high-pressure gas branch pipes 1 and 2, the dimensions of transverse protection shaft 10 in step 2 are larger than the outer diameter of high-pressure gas branch pipe 1 7, and the inner diameter of transverse protection shaft 2 12 in step 5 is larger than the outer diameter of high-pressure gas branch pipe 2 16. Furthermore, transverse protection shaft 10 has sufficient strength and rigidity, and its inner diameter is sufficient to ensure replacement of high-pressure gas branch pipe 1 7. Transverse protection shaft 2 12 has sufficient strength and rigidity, and its inner diameter is sufficient to ensure replacement of high-pressure gas branch pipe 2 16.

[0092] In the present invention, the bottom of the goaf is initially filled with coal-based solid waste materials, which not only effectively disposes of a portion of the coal-based solid waste materials but also forms a bottom protective layer at the bottom of the compressed air energy storage working chamber to be constructed, effectively ensuring the stability of the bottom structure of the chamber. Multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes are circumferentially arranged in the same plane, and the head ends of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes are fixedly connected to the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe in a continuous manner. Simultaneously, multiple high-pressure elastic gas storage bags are correspondingly assembled at the ends of the multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes. This facilitates the use of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes to establish a communication channel between the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe and the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags. This allows the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes to not only guide high-pressure gas from the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe into the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags, but also guide high-pressure gas from the high-pressure elastic gas storage bags into the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe. The use of high-pressure elastic air storage bags effectively reduces the difficulty of site selection, allowing the present invention to be implemented in various mine goafs in different regions. The number of air storage bags used and the capacity of each air storage bag can be flexibly arranged, greatly improving the adaptability of compressed air energy storage technology. The high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline is arranged to extend horizontally, which is conducive to the efficient utilization of the vertical space in the goaf, and thus it is possible to build a multi-layer compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber in the goaf. A high-pressure valve is installed at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, and the high-pressure valve is electrically connected to the compressed air energy storage power station. This allows the compressed air energy storage power station to centrally control the opening and closing of each high-pressure valve, and thus facilitates the automated control of the filling and deflation process of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag. A vertical protective shaft is installed on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline. At the same time, a horizontal protective shaft is installed on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline. A spherical protective cover is provided on the periphery of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag to form a first layer of protection around the compressed air energy storage working air storage chamber. After the next layer of high-pressure elastic air storage bags completes its gas storage operation, the next layer of inflatable energy storage mechanisms is filled and covered with coal-based solid waste material mixed with cement slurry. This solidified coal-based solid waste material forms a second protective layer around the working chamber of the compressed air energy storage system. This dual protective layer effectively ensures the stability of the chamber structure. A spherical protective cover is installed around the outer surface of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag, effectively preventing the coal-based solid waste material from directly adhering to the outer surface of the bag, which could prevent the bag from cycling through air and gas. By alternating between the construction of the compressed air energy storage chamber and the filling of the coal-based solid waste material, multiple layers of compressed air energy storage working chambers can be constructed within the goaf. Filling the coal-based solid waste with cement slurry utilizes the cement's ability to solidify the coal-based solid waste into a stable structure, allowing the coal-based solid waste material to cover the working chamber of the compressed air energy storage system, forming a structurally stable protective layer.At the same time, the coal-based solid waste materials filling the gaps between adjacent compressed air energy storage working chambers form an isolation layer, which facilitates the vertical division of multiple chambers within the goaf, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of goaf renovation. At the same time, it ensures that the individual chambers do not interfere with each other, ensuring that each can operate independently, increasing the flexibility and applicability of compressed air energy storage. Flexible deployment of high-pressure elastic air storage bags for filling and deflation operations based on electricity consumption and renewable energy generation for compressed air energy storage and energy release power generation can effectively balance the volatility of renewable energy generation such as wind and solar power, achieving peak shaving and valley filling for the power grid.

[0093] The present invention provides a method for combining coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage to achieve efficient utilization of the space in abandoned mine goafs. It can combine compressed air energy storage technology with coal-based solid waste filling to secondary utilize the space in mine goafs, effectively solving the storage problem of coal-based solid waste and providing gas storage working space for compressed air energy storage. It avoids the one-time utilization of goaf space resources by simple coal-based solid waste filling, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of goaf space. The present invention can effectively solve a series of problems such as the strong volatility of existing wind and solar power generation, the difficulty of grid connection, the idle waste of abandoned mine goaf space, and the treatment of coal-based solid waste, thereby achieving the comprehensive purpose of "peak shaving and valley filling" for wind, solar and other new energy power generation, proper disposal of coal-based solid waste and efficient utilization of abandoned mine goaf space.

Claims

1. A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage, characterized in that: Specifically include the following steps: Step 1: Site selection and transformation; S11: selecting a mine goaf (1) where the surrounding rock is stable after mining and meets the compressed air energy storage conditions, surveying the geological parameters of the goaf (1) to determine whether it has large-scale energy storage capacity; S12: After the site selection is completed, the coal-based solid waste is initially filled in the goaf (1), and the coal-based solid waste material is spread on the bottom layer of the goaf (1) to form the coal-based solid waste base layer (3) of the gas storage chamber, which serves as a cushion layer for subsequent gas storage work; Step 2: Build a compressed air energy storage system; S21: constructing a compressed air energy storage power station (4) on the ground, and installing a high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6) in the goaf (1) through a working well (5), so that the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6) is lowered to the bottom of the goaf (1) and reaches a position close to the coal-based solid waste base (3); S22: construct the first layer of energy storage mechanism; S221: Arranging a plurality of transversely extending high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (7) circumferentially around the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe (6) in the same plane, and making the head ends of the plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (7) and the bottom end of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe (6) interpenetrate and fixedly connected; S222: Install a high-pressure valve (9) at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (7), and establish an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve (9) and the compressed air energy storage power station (4); S223: Assembling a plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags (8) one by one correspondingly at the ends of a plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (7); S224: Install a vertical protection shaft (11) on the periphery of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6); S225: Install a transverse protection shaft (10) on the periphery of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (7), and fix the head end of each transverse protection shaft (10) to the bottom end of the vertical protection shaft (11); S226: Install a spherical protective cover (13) with one end open on the periphery of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag (8), and fix the open end of the spherical protective cover (13) to the end of the horizontal protection shaft (10); Step 3: First layer gas filling and energy storage operation; The plurality of high-pressure valves (9) in the first-layer energy storage mechanism are controlled to be opened by the ground compressed air energy storage power station (4), and the compressed air is charged using the surplus electric energy, and the high-pressure air is charged into each high-pressure elastic air storage bag (8) through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6) and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (7) in the working well (5), until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag (8) reaches the maximum energy storage pressure; Step 4: Filling the first layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste; S41: After the first-layer gas filling and energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station (4) controls and closes a plurality of high-pressure valves (9) in the first-layer energy storage mechanism; S42: Filling the coal-based solid waste material (2) mixed with cement slurry onto the initially filled coal-based solid waste foundation (3), using the filled coal-based solid waste material (2) to surround and completely cover the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag (8), high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (7), horizontal protection shaft (10) and spherical protection cover (13) that have completed gas storage, and forming a new foundation on the top of the covered part; Step 5: Build a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism; S51: Arrange multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (16) extending transversely in a circumferential manner on the same plane above the new foundation, and connect the front ends of the multiple high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (16) to the corresponding positions of the high-pressure gas transmission main pipe (6) in a mutually penetrating and fixed manner; S52: Installing a high-pressure valve (15) at the end of each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (16), and establishing an electrical connection between each high-pressure valve (15) and the compressed air energy storage power station (4); S53: Assembling a plurality of high-pressure elastic gas storage bags (17) one by one at the ends of a plurality of high-pressure gas transmission branch pipes (16); S54: Install a second horizontal protection wellbore (12) around each second high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (16), and securely connect the head end of each second horizontal protection wellbore (12) to the corresponding portion of the vertical protection wellbore (11); S55: Install a spherical protective cover (14) with an open end on the outside of each high-pressure elastic air storage bag (17), and fix the open end of the spherical protective cover (14) to the end of the horizontal protection shaft (12); Step 6: Inflation of a new layer of inflatable energy storage mechanism; The ground compressed air energy storage power station (4) controls the opening of multiple high-pressure valves (15) in a new layer of gas storage, and utilizes surplus electric energy to perform compressed air inflation operations, and the high-pressure air is charged into the high-pressure elastic air storage bags (17) through the high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6) and each high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (16) in the working well (5) until each high-pressure elastic air storage bag (17) reaches the maximum energy storage pressure; Step 7: Fill a new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism with coal-based solid waste; S61: After the first layer of gas-filled energy storage operation is completed, the ground compressed air energy storage power station (4) controls the closing of multiple high-pressure valves (15) in the new layer of gas-filled energy storage mechanism; S62: Filling the coal-based solid waste material (2) mixed with cement slurry on the new foundation, using the filled coal-based solid waste material (2) to surround and completely cover the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag (17) (17), the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline (16), the horizontal protection shaft (12) (12) and the spherical protection cover (14) (14) that have completed gas storage, and forming a new foundation on the top of the covered part; Step 8: Complete the construction of the multi-layer gas-filled energy storage mechanism; Repeat steps 5 to 7 to construct multiple layers of compressed air energy storage chambers using high-pressure elastic air storage bags, and fill the space outside the high-pressure gas transmission branch pipeline, high-pressure elastic air storage bags, protective wellbore, and high-pressure gas transmission main pipeline (6) in the goaf (1) with coal-based solid waste materials until all the space in the goaf (1) is fully utilized; Step 9: Alternate between energy storage and power generation operations; After the structural state of the coal-based solid waste material 2 (2) is stabilized, the high-pressure air in the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 (8) and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 (17) is released and the turbine is driven to perform compressed air power generation operations. According to the power consumption situation and the actual situation of new energy power generation, the filling and deflating operations of the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 1 (8) and the high-pressure elastic air storage bag 2 (17) are flexibly called to perform compressed air energy storage and energy release power generation operations, balance the volatility of new energy power generation such as wind and light, and achieve peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid.

2. A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the space of the goaf (1) is not less than 1×10 6 m 3 .

3. A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gas storage pressure of the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag 1 (8) in step 2 and the high-pressure elastic gas storage bag 2 (17) in step 5 is not less than 10 MPa.

4. A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side walls of the spherical protective cover 1 (13) in step 2 and the spherical protective cover 2 (14) in step 5 are both smooth structures.

5. A method for coal-based solid waste disposal and compressed air energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: The size of the transverse protection wellbore 1 (10) in step 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the high-pressure gas branch pipeline 1 (7), and the inner diameter of the transverse protection wellbore 2 (12) in step 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the high-pressure gas branch pipeline 2 (16).

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