A lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase transition transport cross-scale analysis platform and method

Abstract

The application discloses a lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport cross-scale analysis platform and method, and relates to the technical field of lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport cross-scale analysis platform and method. The platform comprises an experimental main cavity, a lunar soil sample bearing table, a low-temperature fluid circuit, a water vapor injection pipeline, a refrigerator, a vacuum pump, a water storage tank, a light supplement lamp and a microscopic observation device; the lunar soil sample bearing table, the low-temperature fluid circuit and the water vapor injection pipeline are all arranged in the experimental main cavity; the refrigerator, the vacuum pump, the water storage tank, the light supplement lamp and the microscopic observation device are all arranged outside the experimental main cavity; flanges A-E are arranged on five sides of the experimental main cavity; the light supplement lamp and the microscopic observation device are respectively located outside the flanges D and E; the vacuum pump is connected with the experimental main cavity through the flange B; the refrigerator is connected with the low-temperature fluid circuit through the flange A; the water storage tank is connected with the water vapor injection pipeline through the flange A; and a plug connector is arranged on the flange C. The application realizes cross-scale observation and analysis of water ice occurrence, phase change and transport processes in the surface and gaps of lunar soil particles under vacuum and low-temperature conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace overall technology, and in particular relates to a cross-scale analysis platform and method for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport. Background Technology

[0002] Water resources are essential for future deep space exploration missions and a key component and important product of in-situ resource utilization technology. They not only provide necessities for life but also fuel for deep space propulsion and energy. By acquiring and converting water resources in situ outside Earth, the dependence of deep space exploration activities on materials and energy can be effectively addressed.

[0003] In recent years, increasing evidence suggests the possible existence of water ice in the permanently shadowed regions of the Moon's poles. However, the surface and subsurface temperatures in these regions remain consistently around 40K, creating harsh natural conditions. The presence of water resources within the lunar regolith is complex and highly uncertain, posing significant challenges to water ice detection, identification, extraction, and collection. Therefore, understanding the occurrence, phase transition, and transport characteristics of water ice within the lunar regolith under high vacuum and ultra-low temperature conditions is essential for developing extraterrestrial water ice resource detection and extraction technologies, and is also crucial for future deep-sea missions.

[0004] Because achieving low-temperature vacuum conditions close to those on the lunar surface on Earth is difficult, studies on lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase transition transport processes can generally be conducted under simulated low-temperature vacuum environments. To achieve this goal, South Africa needs to establish a multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase transition transport. This platform will enable the observation and study of water occurrence, phase transition, and transport processes on the surface of fine lunar soil particles, between particles, and within pores. The aim is to obtain the characteristics of water ice existence and phase transition patterns within the lunar soil, providing a theoretical and technical basis for water ice extraction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cross-scale analysis platform and method for lunar water ice occurrence and phase change transport, which realizes cross-scale testing and analysis of lunar water ice occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics under simulated vacuum low temperature conditions.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, comprising: an experimental main cavity, a lunar soil sample support stage, a low-temperature fluid circuit, a water vapor injection pipe, a refrigerator, a vacuum pump, a water storage tank, a supplementary light, and a microscopic observation device.

[0007] The lunar soil sample support stage, low-temperature fluid circuit, and water vapor injection pipeline are all located inside the main experimental cavity; the refrigerator, vacuum pump, water storage tank, supplemental lighting, and microscopic observation device are all located outside the main experimental cavity.

[0008] Flanges C, D, A, B, and E are respectively installed on the five sides of the main experimental cavity: front, rear, left, right, and top. Among them, flange E is directly opposite the lunar soil sample support stage.

[0009] An observation window is installed on flange D, and a supplementary light is located on the outside of flange D;

[0010] An observation window is installed on flange E, and a microscopic observation device is set on the outside of flange E. The microscopic observation device is used to observe and record the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of water ice on the surface and in the gaps of lunar soil after water vapor is injected under low temperature vacuum conditions.

[0011] The vacuum pump is connected to the experimental main chamber via flange B;

[0012] The refrigeration unit is connected to the cryogenic fluid circuit via flange A; the water storage tank is connected to the water vapor injection pipeline via flange A.

[0013] Flange C is equipped with a connector for connecting external lines.

[0014] In the aforementioned cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, flange A is equipped with a cryogenic fluid loop connection port and a water vapor injection pipe connection port; one end of the cryogenic fluid loop connection port is connected to the cryogenic fluid loop, and the other end is connected to the refrigeration unit through a pipe; one end of the water vapor injection pipe connection port is connected to the water vapor injection pipe, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank through a pipe.

[0015] In the aforementioned cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, the cryogenic fluid loop includes: a cryogenic fluid injection pipe, a cryogenic fluid cooling chamber, and a cryogenic fluid outflow pipe; wherein, there are two cryogenic fluid loop connection ports, one end of the cryogenic fluid injection pipe and the cryogenic fluid outflow pipe are respectively connected to the two cryogenic fluid loop connection ports; the other end of the cryogenic fluid injection pipe and the cryogenic fluid outflow pipe are respectively connected to the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber.

[0016] In the aforementioned multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, the lunar soil sample support stage has a U-shaped opening at the plane intersecting with the water vapor injection pipe outlet; one end of the water vapor injection pipe is connected to the water vapor injection pipe connection port, and the other end is guided to the U-shaped opening of the lunar soil sample support stage, so that water vapor is injected above the lunar soil sample.

[0017] In the aforementioned cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, the lunar soil sample support stage includes: a lunar soil sample support box and a support column; wherein, the lower side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber is welded to the support column; the upper side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber is fixed to the lunar soil sample support box by bolts and gaskets.

[0018] The aforementioned multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport also includes: a heat insulation sheet; wherein, the heat insulation sheet is placed between the lunar soil sample carrier box and the low-temperature fluid cooling chamber, and is used to adjust the actual working temperature inside the lunar soil sample carrier box.

[0019] In the aforementioned multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, the supporting column includes: a supporting sleeve with internal threads and a supporting rod with threads; wherein, the supporting rod is welded upward to the lower side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber and connected downward to the supporting sleeve through threads, and the height of the lunar soil sample support stage can be adjusted by using the threads.

[0020] The aforementioned multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport also includes: a base; wherein the base is located on the bottom surface of the main experimental cavity; the base has four screw holes on its upper surface for fixed connection of the support sleeve; and the base has four screw holes on its lower surface for fixed connection of the main experimental cavity to the platform.

[0021] The aforementioned cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport also includes: fluid control valves; fluid control valves are installed on the pipes connected to the refrigeration unit, the vacuum pump, and the water storage tank.

[0022] Accordingly, this invention also discloses a method for cross-scale analysis of lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport based on a cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, comprising:

[0023] Adjust the lunar soil sample support stage to the height required for microscopic observation, and place the lunar soil sample on the lunar soil sample support stage;

[0024] Open flange A, install several temperature sensors, place one of the temperature sensors at the location where the lunar soil sample is placed, and set the remaining temperature sensors at the free space of the main experimental cavity.

[0025] Turn on the vacuum pump to remove the air from the main experimental chamber and stabilize it to the required vacuum conditions; use a refrigerator to circulate the low-temperature fluid and gradually lower the temperature at the lunar soil sample support stage until the temperature sensor at the lunar soil sample support stage displays the required temperature and remains stable.

[0026] Water vapor is injected into the main experimental cavity, and the dynamic processes of condensation, crystallization and evolution of water phase on the surface of lunar soil particles, between particles or in pores are observed and recorded through a microscopic observation device, so as to realize cross-scale observation and analysis of water ice occurrence, phase change and transport processes.

[0027] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) This invention discloses a cross-scale analysis platform for water ice occurrence and phase change transport in lunar soil. It has a simple structure, small size, and convenient operation. It can adapt to the research needs of water ice occurrence and phase change in different lunar soil samples, observe the occurrence, phase change and transport process of water on the surface of fine lunar soil particles, between particles and inside pores, and obtain the existence characteristics and phase change law of water ice in lunar soil.

[0029] (2) This invention discloses a cross-scale analysis platform for the occurrence and phase change transport of water ice in lunar soil. It can adjust the temperature parameters by changing the low-temperature fluid or by using a heat insulation pad (or heating plate, etc.) between the low-temperature cooling chamber and the lunar soil sample carrier box, so as to observe the phase change process of water ice evaporation under different stable low-temperature environments or variable temperature environments and obtain relevant laws. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lunar soil sample support platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cryogenic fluid circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water vapor injection pipe in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of flange A in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] One of the core ideas of this invention is to provide a cross-scale analysis platform for the occurrence and phase change transport of water ice in lunar soil. Under low temperature and vacuum conditions, the platform can be used to observe and analyze the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of water ice in porous media for different types of lunar soil particle samples. It can also be used to obtain the influence of low temperature and vacuum conditions and lunar soil particle properties on the state of water ice, and explore the laws governing the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of lunar water ice.

[0037] like Figure 1In this embodiment, the multi-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport includes: an experimental main cavity 1, a lunar soil sample support stage 2, a cryogenic fluid circuit 3, a water vapor injection pipe 4, a refrigerator 11, a vacuum pump 12, a water storage tank 13, a supplementary light 14, and a microscopic observation device 15. The lunar soil sample support stage 2, the cryogenic fluid circuit 3, and the water vapor injection pipe 4 are all located inside the experimental main cavity 1; the refrigerator 11, the vacuum pump 12, the water storage tank 13, the supplementary light 14, and the microscopic observation device 15 are all located outside the experimental main cavity 1. Flanges C7, D8, A5, B6, and E9 are respectively installed on the front, rear, left, right, and top sides of the experimental main cavity 1. The vacuum pump 12 is connected to the experimental main cavity 1 via flange B6. The refrigerator 11 is connected to the cryogenic fluid circuit 3 via flange A5; the water storage tank 13 is connected to the water vapor injection pipe 4 via flange A5. Flange C7 is equipped with a jet connector 71 for connecting external lines such as temperature sensors.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, to achieve the required low temperature and water injection for the experiment, flange A5 is equipped with a low-temperature fluid circuit connection port 51 and a water vapor injection pipe connection port 52. One end of the low-temperature fluid circuit connection port 51 is connected to the low-temperature fluid circuit 3, and the other end is connected to the refrigerator 11 via a pipe. One end of the water vapor injection pipe connection port 52 is connected to the water vapor injection pipe 4, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank 13 via a pipe, thus completing the water vapor injection path.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the cryogenic fluid circuit 3 specifically includes: a cryogenic fluid injection pipe 31, a cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32, and a cryogenic fluid outlet pipe 33. There are two cryogenic fluid circuit connection ports 51. One end of the cryogenic fluid injection pipe 31 and the cryogenic fluid outlet pipe 33 are respectively connected to the refrigerator 11 through the two cryogenic fluid circuit connection ports 51 and pipelines. The other end of the cryogenic fluid injection pipe 31 and the cryogenic fluid outlet pipe 33 are respectively connected to the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32, allowing the cryogenic fluid to complete a large loop between the refrigerator 11 and the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32, thus continuously applying low-temperature cooling to the lunar soil sample. The specific cycle process is as follows: The cryogenic fluid injection pipe 31 injects cryogenic fluid from the refrigerator 11 into the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32. The large volume of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32 allows the cryogenic fluid to remain and exchange heat, ensuring the low-temperature requirements of the lunar soil sample. After heat exchange, the cryogenic fluid, with its temperature increased, is returned to the refrigerator 11 through the cryogenic fluid outlet pipe 33. The refrigerator 11 then replenishes the fluid with its cooling capacity, thus completing the cryogenic cooling cycle.

[0040] Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary cold loss, an insulation material layer can be laid on the outer free surface of the low-temperature fluid circuit 3, so that cooling mainly occurs at the lunar soil sample, thereby reducing cold loss and mitigating the impact on the experimental environment.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the lunar soil sample support platform 2 has a U-shaped opening at the plane where it intersects with the outlet of the water vapor injection pipe 4. One end of the water vapor injection pipe 4 is connected to the water vapor injection pipe connection port 52, and the other end is guided to the U-shaped opening of the lunar soil sample support platform 2, so that water vapor is injected above the lunar soil sample, increasing the probability of contact between water vapor and the lunar soil sample, while avoiding direct contact between the lunar soil sample support platform 2 and the water vapor injection pipe 4, which would cause a significant drop in its temperature and unnecessary interference with the water vapor injection process.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the lunar soil sample carrier platform 2 may specifically include: a lunar soil sample carrier box 21 and a support column 22. The lunar soil sample carrier box 21 and the support column 22 are not directly connected: the lower side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32 is welded to the support column 22; the upper side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32 is fixed to the lunar soil sample carrier box 21 by bolts and washers.

[0043] Preferably, a heat insulation sheet may or may not be placed between the lunar soil sample carrier 21 and the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32. When a heat insulation sheet is placed between the lunar soil sample carrier 21 and the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32, the heat insulation sheet can be used to regulate the actual operating temperature inside the lunar soil sample carrier 21.

[0044] Preferably, the support column 22 may specifically include: a support sleeve 221 with internal threads and a support rod 222 with threads. The support rod 222 is welded upwards to the lower side of the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber 32 and downwards connected to the support sleeve 221 via threads. The height of the lunar soil sample support stage 2 can be adjusted using the threads to accommodate the working distance requirements of different microscopic observation devices 15, thereby enabling cross-scale observation and analysis.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport cross-scale analysis platform may further include: a base 10. The base 10 is located on the bottom surface of the experimental main cavity 1; the base 10 has four screw holes on its upper surface for fixed connection of the support sleeve 221; the base 10 has four screw holes on its lower surface for fixed connection of the experimental main cavity 1 and the platform.

[0046] In this embodiment, to achieve the control requirements for fluid injection, vacuuming, etc., the lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport multi-scale analysis platform may further include a fluid control valve 16. The pipelines connected to the refrigerator 11, the vacuum pump 12, and the water storage tank 13 are all equipped with fluid control valves 16. By adjusting the opening degree of the fluid control valves, the pressure inside the experimental main chamber 1 and the water vapor injection flow rate can be actively controlled.

[0047] In this embodiment, to achieve the observation and supplemental lighting required for the experiment, an observation window is installed on flange D8, and a supplemental light 14 is located outside flange D8 to assist in observing the situation inside the main experimental cavity 1 and to provide supplemental lighting. Flange E9 faces the lunar soil sample support stage 2, and an observation window is installed on flange E9. A microscopic observation device 15 is located outside flange E9 for cross-scale observation. Specifically, the microscopic observation device 15 is used to observe and record the water ice occurrence, phase change, and transport characteristics on the surface and in the gaps of the lunar soil after water vapor injection under low-temperature vacuum conditions.

[0048] In this embodiment, a vacuum pump connection port 61 is provided on flange B6, and vacuum pump 12 is connected to vacuum pump connection port 61 through a pipe.

[0049] In this embodiment, the working principle of the lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport multi-scale analysis platform is as follows: During use, open flange D8, clean the main experimental cavity 1, and remove and clean the lunar soil sample carrier box 21. Adjust the support column 22 to the required height, place the lunar soil sample on the lunar soil sample carrier box 21 without adding a heat insulation sheet, reinstall the lunar soil sample carrier box 21, and ensure proper positioning and reinforcement. Then, close flange D8. Before the experiment, turn on the supplementary light 14 and the microscopic observation device 15, and adjust the working distance of the microscopic observation device 15 and the brightness of the supplementary light 14 to ensure optimal observation and recording effects. After the experiment began, the fluid control valve A on the connection channel of vacuum pump 12 was opened, and vacuum pump 12 was pumped to the minimum pressure corresponding to the opening degree of fluid control valve A and vacuum pump 12 was kept in working state; liquid nitrogen was selected as the cryogenic fluid; the fluid control valve B on the connection pipe of refrigerator 11 was opened, and liquid nitrogen was injected into cryogenic fluid cooling circuit 3 through cryogenic fluid circuit connection port 51 and kept in working cycle; after several tens of minutes, the temperature at the lunar soil sample (low temperature: ~80K) and the temperature measurement point at a certain point in the free space of the experimental main cavity 1 both reached stability. Open the fluid control valve C on the connecting pipe of the water storage tank 13 and close it quickly. A small amount of water will enter the main experimental chamber 1 in the form of water vapor. After the water vapor is injected, the pressure reading of the vacuum pump 12 will suddenly increase and then decrease. When it drops back to the lowest value, the operation is over. Observe the state of water ice condensation on the lunar soil at the end of the operation from the microscopic observation device 15. If it is not obvious, repeat the water injection operation until obvious frost is observed. The experiment is over. The entire dynamic process is observed and recorded by the microscopic observation device 15.

[0050] In summary, the cross-scale analysis platform for lunar water ice occurrence and phase change transport described in this embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages: (1) The microscopic observation device can observe and record the dynamic and complete lunar water vapor sublimation process, and can adapt to the research needs of water ice occurrence and phase change of different lunar samples, observe the occurrence, phase change and transport process of water on the surface of fine lunar particles, between particles and inside pores, and obtain the existence characteristics and phase change law of water ice in lunar soil. (2) Low temperature requirements are easy to achieve and the temperature is controllable. By changing the type of low temperature fluid and adding different heat insulation sheets between the lunar sample support stage and the low temperature fluid cooling chamber, a wide range of stable low temperatures (80-273K) can be achieved for lunar samples, which helps to explore the influence law of temperature on the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of lunar water ice. (3) Vacuum requirements are easy to achieve and the pressure is controllable. The pressure adjustment range is 10 -3 The range of pressure from Pa to 101 kPa allows for the investigation of the effects of pressure on the occurrence, phase transition, and transport characteristics of lunar water ice.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also discloses a method for cross-scale analysis of lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport based on the above-mentioned cross-scale analysis platform for lunar soil water ice occurrence and phase change transport, comprising:

[0052] 1) Adjust the lunar soil sample support stage to the height required for microscopic observation, and place the lunar soil sample on the lunar soil sample support stage.

[0053] 2) Open flange A, install several temperature sensors, place one of the temperature sensors at the location where the lunar soil sample is placed, and set the remaining temperature sensors at the free space of the main experimental cavity.

[0054] 3) Turn on the vacuum pump to remove the air from the main experimental chamber and stabilize it to the required vacuum conditions; use the refrigerator to circulate the low-temperature fluid and gradually lower the temperature at the lunar soil sample support stage until the temperature sensor at the lunar soil sample support stage displays the required temperature and remains stable.

[0055] 4) Water vapor is injected into the main experimental cavity, and the dynamic processes of condensation, crystallization and evolution of water phase on the surface of lunar soil particles, between particles or in pores are observed and recorded through a microscopic observation device, so as to realize cross-scale observation and analysis of water ice occurrence, phase change and transport processes.

[0056] Preferably, the method may further include: before the experiment, according to the experimental requirements, pre-selecting the type of cryogenic fluid, using a refrigerator to ensure the stable low temperature of the cryogenic fluid, and, as needed, selecting whether to install or not install a specified type of heat insulation sheet between the lunar soil sample support stage and the cryogenic fluid cooling chamber, thereby simulating the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of lunar water ice under different defined temperature conditions.

[0057] Preferably, the method may further include: obtaining different stable low pressures by changing the opening degree of the fluid control valve on the vacuum pump connecting pipe, thereby simulating the occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics of lunar regolith water ice under different defined vacuum conditions.

[0058] Preferably, the method may further include: by pre-selecting different types of lunar soil samples, changing the relative height of the lunar soil sample support stage, as well as the magnification and working distance of the microscopic observation device, thereby realizing cross-scale observation of the occurrence and phase change transport characteristics of lunar soil water ice.

[0059] As the method embodiments correspond to the system embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and relevant details can be found in the description of the system embodiments section.

[0060] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0061] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A platform for lunar soil water-ice occurrence and phase transition transport across scales, characterized in that, The application relates to a lunar soil sample experiment device. The lunar soil sample bearing table (2), the low-temperature fluid circuit (3) and the water vapor injection pipeline (4) are arranged in the experiment main cavity (1); the refrigerating machine (11), the vacuum pump (12), the water storage tank (13), the light supplement lamp (14) and the microscopic observation device (15) are arranged outside the experiment main cavity (1). The front, rear, left, right and upper five sides of the experiment main cavity (1) are respectively provided with flanges C (7), flanges D (8), flanges A (5), flanges B (6) and flanges E (9); wherein the flanges E (9) are opposite to the lunar soil sample bearing table (2). The flanges D (8) are provided with observation windows, and the light supplement lamp (14) is arranged outside the flanges D (8). The flanges E (9) are provided with observation windows, and the microscopic observation device (15) is arranged outside the flanges E (9); wherein the microscopic observation device (15) is used for observing and recording the water ice occurrence, phase change and transport characteristics in the lunar soil surface and gaps after water vapor injection in a low-temperature vacuum environment. The vacuum pump (12) is connected with the experiment main cavity (1) through the flanges B (6). The refrigerating machine (11) is connected with the low-temperature fluid circuit (3) through the flanges A (5), and the water storage tank (13) is connected with the water vapor injection pipeline (4) through the flanges A (5). The flanges C (7) are provided with a navigation plug connector (71) for connecting external lines. The flanges A (5) are provided with a low-temperature fluid circuit connecting port (51) and a water vapor injection pipeline connecting port (52); wherein one end of the low-temperature fluid circuit connecting port (51) is connected with the low-temperature fluid circuit (3) in communication, and the other end is connected with the refrigerating machine (11) through a pipeline; one end of the water vapor injection pipeline connecting port (52) is connected with the water vapor injection pipeline (4) in communication, and the other end is connected with the water storage tank (13) through a pipeline. The low-temperature fluid circuit (3) comprises a low-temperature fluid injection pipeline (31), a low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) and a low-temperature fluid outflow pipeline (33); wherein the low-temperature fluid circuit connecting port (51) is two, and one end of the low-temperature fluid injection pipeline (31) and the low-temperature fluid outflow pipeline (33) is respectively connected with the two low-temperature fluid circuit connecting ports (51); the other end of the low-temperature fluid injection pipeline (31) and the low-temperature fluid outflow pipeline (33) is respectively connected with the low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) in communication. The lunar soil sample bearing table (2) is provided with a U-shaped opening at a plane intersecting with the outlet of the water vapor injection pipeline (4); wherein one end of the water vapor injection pipeline (4) is connected with the water vapor injection pipeline connecting port (52), and the other end is guided to the U-shaped opening of the lunar soil sample bearing table (2), so that water vapor is injected above the lunar soil sample.

2. The platform of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The platform of claim 1, wherein, The lunar soil sample bearing table (2) comprises a lunar soil sample bearing box (21) and a support column (22); wherein the lower side of the low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) is welded with the support column (22); and the upper side of the low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) is fixed with the lunar soil sample bearing box (21) through bolts and gaskets.

4. The platform of claim 3, wherein, Further comprising: A heat insulation sheet; wherein the heat insulation sheet is arranged between the lunar soil sample bearing box (21) and the low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) to adjust the actual working temperature in the lunar soil sample bearing box (21).

5. The platform of claim 3, wherein, The support column (22) comprises a support sleeve (221) with internal threads and a support rod (222) with threads; wherein the support rod (222) is welded with the lower side of the low-temperature fluid cooling cavity (32) upward and is connected with the support sleeve (221) through threads downward, and the height of the lunar soil sample bearing table (2) can be adjusted by threads.

6. The platform of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising: A base (10); wherein the base (10) is located at the bottom of the experimental main cavity (1); four screw holes are provided on the upper surface of the base (10) for fixed connection of the support sleeve (221); and four screw holes are provided on the lower surface of the base (10) for fixed connection of the experimental main cavity (1) and the platform.

7. The platform of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: A fluid control valve (16); wherein the fluid control valve (16) is arranged on the pipeline connected with the refrigerator (11), the pipeline connected with the vacuum pump (12), and the pipeline connected with the water storage tank (13).

8. A method for lunar soil water-ice occurrence and phase transition transport cross-scale analysis based on the lunar soil water-ice occurrence and phase transition transport cross-scale analysis platform of claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising: Adjusting the height of the lunar soil sample bearing table (2) to the required height for microscopic observation, and placing the lunar soil sample on the lunar soil sample bearing table (2); Opening the flange A (5), installing several temperature sensors, setting one of the temperature sensors at the temperature measurement point of the lunar soil sample, and setting the remaining temperature sensors at the temperature measurement points in the free space of the experimental main cavity (1); Opening the vacuum pump (12) to remove the air in the experimental main cavity (1) and stabilize to the required vacuum condition; circulating the low-temperature fluid through the refrigerator (11) to gradually reduce the temperature at the lunar soil sample bearing table (2) until the temperature sensor at the lunar soil sample bearing table (2) displays the required temperature and remains stable; Injecting water vapor into the experimental main cavity (1) and observing and recording the dynamic process of water phase condensation, crystallization and evolution on the surface of lunar soil sample particles, inter-particle gaps or pores through the microscopic observation device (15) to realize the cross-scale observation and analysis of water ice occurrence, phase transition and transport process.

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