Chemical reactor explosion emergency protection device and protection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosion, which comprises an inner explosion-proof framework mechanism and an outer fireproof energy-reducing cover mechanism arranged outside the inner explosion-proof framework mechanism. The inner explosion-proof framework mechanism comprises a plurality of arc-shaped explosion-proof plates, and the top of each arc-shaped explosion-proof plate is hingedly connected with an upper top ring. The mechanism further comprises a plurality of outer blocking ring frames arranged outside the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates, and the outer blocking ring frames are fixedly assembled at the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates through a plurality of long pin screws. The mechanism further comprises a plurality of first down-pushing cylinders, and the first down-pushing cylinders are controlled by a workshop smoke alarm system. The outer fireproof energy-reducing cover mechanism comprises a fireproof energy-reducing cover, the top of the fireproof energy-reducing cover is assembled and connected with a second down-pushing cylinder, and the second down-pushing cylinder is controlled by the workshop smoke alarm system. A energy-reducing assembly is arranged on the fireproof energy-reducing cover. The application also discloses a protection method of the emergency protection device. Through the above-mentioned mode, the explosion and combustion of the reaction kettle can be avoided in the first time after the explosion and combustion of the reaction kettle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency protection for chemical reactor explosions, and more particularly to an emergency protection device and method for chemical reactor explosions. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production processes, numerous reaction vessels are used to process and prepare chemical reactants. Specifically, these reaction vessels are often large in size and contain large quantities of reactants, such as organic solvents. During production, explosions frequently occur due to operational errors, such as insufficient removal of water from the solvent, excessive pressure in the reaction vessel, or excessively high reaction temperatures.

[0003] The explosion energy generated by a single vessel explosion is not particularly large. However, during the explosion, organic solvents are often ignited. The ignited organic solvents can ignite other vessels in the workshop, triggering a chain reaction of explosions. This chain reaction is a major factor in the expansion of the explosion.

[0004] Furthermore, once the reactor explodes, the splashed metal fragments, under the influence of the explosion energy, gain a great deal of kinetic energy. When the splashed fragments collide with the pipeline system in the workshop, such as the pipelines that transport organic solvents, the pipelines rupture, and the organic solvents with a certain amount of hydraulic pressure gush out from the pipelines, which are then quickly ignited by the fire generated by the explosion, triggering another chain explosion reaction.

[0005] Based on this, in order to monitor the working status of the reactors in the workshop in real time and take emergency measures in case of an explosion, such as quickly shutting down the pipelines that transport solvent to avoid a chain explosion, the current practice is to install a smoke alarm system in the workshop. Once the reactor explodes, the smoke alarm system will react immediately, such as controlling the valves (solenoid valves) of the pipelines that transport solvent to close, so as to achieve emergency treatment.

[0006] For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN206466509U discloses a fireproof oil storage tank for petrochemical applications. This tank features a smoke detector installed on the right side of the outer shell near the oil inlet, and a dry powder fire extinguisher on one side with its dry powder outlet aligned with the oil outlet. Since oil tank fires typically start at the outlet, simply activating the dry powder fire extinguisher allows for control of the fire at its source, minimizing damage. Furthermore, the smoke detector detects smoke and triggers an alarm when a fire occurs.

[0007] However, none of the current protective measures can fundamentally protect against or reduce the destructive power of explosions and fires. As with the technical solutions disclosed in the aforementioned patents, once an oil storage tank catches fire, it is highly likely to explode. The explosion causes oil to splash, spreading the fire further and making it very difficult to extinguish effectively.

[0008] Furthermore, if the high-energy fragments generated by the explosion of the tank collide with the pipeline system, causing the oil pipeline to rupture, it could trigger a chain reaction of explosions and combustion. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosions.

[0010] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0011] An emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosions includes an internal explosion-proof frame mechanism and an external fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism disposed outside the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0012] When an explosion occurs, the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism are lowered to cover the outer wall of the reactor by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism, and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism covers the outside of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism; thus, the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism supports the reactor body from the outside, the kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0013] The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield, and the debris generated by the explosion is also ultimately blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield.

[0014] Meanwhile, the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism includes several arc-shaped explosion-proof plates, the top of which is hinged with an upper ring; the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes several outer partition ring frames disposed on the outside of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates, the outer partition ring frames being fixedly assembled to the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates by several long pin screws; the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes several first downward push cylinders, the first downward push cylinders being controlled by the workshop smoke alarm system.

[0015] Before the explosion, the reactor produced dense smoke, which triggered an alarm through the smoke alarm system installed in the workshop. The system then immediately took action, specifically by controlling the operation of the first and second push cylinders.

[0016] The aforementioned external fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism includes a fireproof and energy-reducing cover, the top of which is equipped with a second downward-pushing cylinder, which is controlled by a smoke alarm system in the workshop.

[0017] The fireproof and energy-reducing cover is equipped with an energy-reducing component. During the explosion of the reactor, the high explosion energy is reduced to a low energy state through the energy-reducing component.

[0018] Preferably, the first and second downward-pushing cylinders are fixed by a triangular cylinder suspension.

[0019] The cylinder barrel of the first downward-pushing cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top of the triangular cylinder suspension;

[0020] A waist support plate is fixedly connected to the over-triangle cylinder suspension, and the cylinder barrel of the second downward push cylinder is fixedly assembled on the waist support plate.

[0021] Preferably, the piston rod of the first downward-pushing cylinder is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the bottom of the push rod is detachably mounted on the outer partition ring frame.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate is integrally formed with a horizontal protrusion that protrudes outward, and a long pin screw is fixedly connected to the top of the horizontal protrusion. Two outer spacer rings that are spaced apart vertically are assembled and connected between the long pin screws.

[0023] The top of the long pin screw is fixedly connected to the outer spacer ring at the top position;

[0024] The long pin screw is slidably connected to the outer partition ring at the bottom position, and a pair of adjusting nuts positioned on both sides of the outer partition ring are threaded onto the long pin screw.

[0025] Preferably, the top of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged protrusion, which is hinged to the upper top ring.

[0026] Preferably, the energy reduction component includes a plurality of energy reduction springs fixedly connected to the fireproof energy reduction cover;

[0027] An outer mounting ring is fixedly connected between the outer ends of the energy-reducing spring;

[0028] The outer mounting ring is threaded with a lower fastening screw.

[0029] Preferably, two layers of energy-reducing springs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy-reducing cover; each layer of springs is fixedly connected to an outer mounting ring.

[0030] The lower fastening screw is threaded between the outer mounting rings.

[0031] Preferably, the energy reduction component includes a plurality of energy reduction plates fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy reduction cover;

[0032] The energy reduction assembly also includes several braking plates for braking the energy reduction plates;

[0033] A bottom annular seat is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the brake plates.

[0034] This invention also discloses a method for protection based on the above-mentioned emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosions, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) When the smoke concentration at the top of the reactor reaches the alarm threshold of the smoke alarm system, the first and second push cylinders controlled by the smoke alarm system will work immediately to lower the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism to the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism to cover the outer wall of the reactor, and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism to cover the outer side of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0036] (2) After the reactor explodes, the internal explosion-proof frame structure supports the reactor body from the outside. The kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the internal explosion-proof frame structure, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the internal explosion-proof frame structure.

[0037] The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is blocked by the fireproof and energy-reducing shield, and the debris generated by the explosion is also ultimately blocked by the fireproof and energy-reducing shield.

[0038] (3) After the explosion, the fireproof energy reduction cover reduces the kinetic energy to a standstill through the energy reduction component, thus blocking the fire generated by the explosion of the reactor in all directions.

[0039] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0040] 1. In the event of a fire or explosion in the reactor, the internal explosion-proof frame structure supports the reactor body from the outside. The kinetic energy of the explosion is initially dissipated and reduced by the internal explosion-proof frame structure, and the debris generated by the explosion is initially blocked by the internal explosion-proof frame structure. Under the cage-like structure, the explosive fragments generated by the reactor explosion are protected, which reduces the risk of high-energy fragments flying and causing impact damage to other reactors or pipeline systems in the workshop (the pipelines in chemical workshops are often densely distributed, further increasing the risk of explosion), thus preventing the fire or explosion of other normally operating reactors.

[0041] 2. An internal fireproof cage is formed by the cage-shaped internal explosion-proof skeleton mechanism, which initially blocks the large fire generated by the explosion, preventing the fire from rising upwards and causing other vessels and pipelines to burn and explode.

[0042] The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is ultimately contained by a fireproof and energy-reducing cover, as are the debris produced by the explosion. The fireproof and energy-reducing cover is made of existing fire-resistant materials, such as polyurethane. The cover has a curved shape for several reasons: firstly, its high surface tension helps resist the explosive energy during the explosion; secondly, the curved design corresponds to the shape of the vessel; and thirdly, the curved structure allows it to easily rotate or sway during the explosion, meaning the curved shape converts the potential energy of the explosion into kinetic energy.

[0043] 3. The curved design of the fireproof and energy-reducing cover provides a large internal cavity, capable of containing the large fire generated by the explosion and preventing the flames from shooting upwards. This structure firstly provides stable protection immediately after the reactor explosion. This serves two purposes: firstly, it controls the explosion immediately, preventing the rapid spread of the fire and the subsequent secondary explosion and combustion; secondly, by controlling the explosion immediately, it provides valuable escape time for operators. Even if the explosion subsequently expands, operators will be able to escape the workshop within this timeframe. Furthermore, it allows ample time for emergency response. Under this structure, the reactor explosion and fire are initially suppressed. At this point, the workshop's fire suppression system can quickly and effectively deal with the suppressed fire.

[0044] 4. During operation, after an explosion, the fireproof energy-reducing cover gains significant kinetic energy, causing it to shake, sway, or rotate. This energy is continuously stretched and extended by the energy-reducing springs. The elastic deformation of multiple energy-reducing springs reduces the kinetic energy of the fireproof energy-reducing cover to its lowest possible state, thereby effectively enabling it to effectively contain the fire.

[0045] 5. By using another type of brake plate and energy-reducing plate to form an energy-reducing component, the fireproof energy-reducing cover in the rotating state can be quickly braked and its protective barrier against fire can be activated. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hinged structure of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fireproof energy-reducing cover, the pull switch, and the camera in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy-reducing spring fixedly connected to the fireproof energy-reducing cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fireproof and energy-reducing cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed connection brake plate of the fireproof energy reduction cover;

[0053] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the planar structure in the diagram;

[0054] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective in Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0057] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] like Figure 1-9 As shown, an emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosions includes an inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and an outer fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism disposed outside the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0060] When an explosion occurs, the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism are lowered to cover the outer wall of the reactor by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism, and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism covers the outside of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism; thus, the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism supports the reactor body from the outside, the kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0061] The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield, and the debris generated by the explosion is also ultimately blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield.

[0062] Specifically, the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism includes several arc-shaped explosion-proof plates 42, with the concave surface of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates 42 facing the reactor and the convex surface facing outward. They are made of an alloy material with a thickness of 1.2 cm (preferably a lightweight and high-hardness alloy material, such as aluminum alloy), and the inner wall of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates 42 is coated with a fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant material.

[0063] The arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 forms a cage-like protective cover that covers the outside of the reactor. During normal production, this cage-like structure is in a suspended state and does not affect the normal operation of the reactor.

[0064] Specifically, the top of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 is hinged to an upper top ring 44 (the hinge method is: the top of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged protrusion 422, and the protrusion 422 is hinged to the upper top ring 44).

[0065] Meanwhile, the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes two outer baffle ring frames 41 that are spaced apart vertically on the outside of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42. The outer baffle ring frames 41 are fixedly assembled to the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 by several long pin screws. Specifically, the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 has an integrally formed horizontal protrusion 421 that protrudes outward. The top of the horizontal protrusion 421 is fixedly connected to a long pin screw 43 facing upward. Two outer baffle ring frames 41 that are spaced apart vertically are assembled and connected between the long pin screws 43. The top of the long pin screws 43 is fixedly connected to the top position of the outer baffle ring frame 41.

[0066] The long pin screw 43 is slidably connected to the outer partition ring 41 at the bottom position, and a pair of adjusting nuts positioned on both sides of the outer partition ring 41 are threaded onto the long pin screw 43.

[0067] First, the function of the outer baffle frame 41 on the outer sheath of the circularly distributed arc-shaped explosion-proof plate 42 is to increase the strength of the inner explosion-proof skeleton mechanism of the entire cage structure when an explosion occurs, so as to prevent the cage structure from rapidly disintegrating under the action of explosive energy.

[0068] During operation, adjust the position of the outer baffle ring 41 at the bottom (specifically, adjust according to the volume of solvent in the vessel). If the vessel is large, adjust the outer baffle ring 41 to a position closer to the center of the vessel to enhance resistance to explosion. The adjustment method is to loosen the adjusting nut and then slide it for adjustment.

[0069] The aforementioned internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes three first push cylinders 32 arranged in a triangular pattern. The first push cylinders 32 are controlled by the smoke alarm system in the workshop (not shown in the figure).

[0070] Specifically, the smoke alarm system control is a conventional smoke alarm system disclosed in the prior art, which mainly includes smoke sensors, controllers, etc. Its working principle is as follows: when the smoke alarm senses smoke in the workshop, it transmits the sensing signal to the controller, and the controller controls the fire protection facilities in the workshop to work.

[0071] Similarly, using the conventional method disclosed in the existing technology, the first push cylinder 32 is controlled to work through the smoke alarm system. Specifically, when the smoke alarm system senses smoke in the workshop, the controller controls the first push cylinder 32 to work, such as by controlling the air pump used with the first push cylinder 32 to open or close to control the first push cylinder 32 to work.

[0072] The aforementioned external fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism includes a fireproof and energy-reducing cover 1. The top of the fireproof and energy-reducing cover 1 is equipped with a second downward-pushing cylinder 2. Similarly, the second downward-pushing cylinder 2 is controlled in the same way as the first downward-pushing cylinder 32. The second downward-pushing cylinder 2 is controlled by the smoke alarm system in the workshop.

[0073] Specifically, the first push cylinder 32 and the second push cylinder 2 are fixed by a triangular cylinder suspension 31 (the triangular cylinder suspension 31 is fixed to the workshop ceiling at the top of the reactor in the conventional way, such as by welding a suspension rod (not shown in the figure) to the triangular cylinder suspension 31 to suspend and fix it).

[0074] Specifically, the cylinder barrel of the first push cylinder 32 is fixedly mounted on the top of the triangular cylinder suspension 31; similarly, a waist support plate is fixedly connected to the triangular cylinder suspension 31, and the cylinder barrel of the second push cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted on the waist support plate (the top of the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 is fixedly connected to the top beam plate 11, and the piston rod of the second push cylinder 2 is fixed to the top beam plate 11 in the same way as the first push cylinder 32).

[0075] The piston rod of the first push cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to a push rod 321. The bottom of the push rod 321 is detachably mounted on the outer partition ring frame 41 (specifically, a connecting seat is fastened to the top of the outer partition ring frame 41 by several fastening screws, and the push rod is fixed on the connecting seat).

[0076] In the event of an explosion or fire in the reactor during operation, the first push cylinder 32 and the second push cylinder 2 will immediately activate, lowering the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover 1 mechanism to the outer wall of the reactor, with the outer fireproof energy reduction cover 1 mechanism covering the outer side of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0077] After a fire or explosion occurs in the reactor, the internal explosion-proof frame structure supports the reactor body from the outside. The kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the internal explosion-proof frame structure, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the internal explosion-proof frame structure.

[0078] Specifically, the explosive fragments generated by the reactor explosion are covered by the cage-like structure, which reduces the splashing of high-energy fragments and prevents them from impacting and damaging other reactors or pipeline systems in the workshop (the pipelines in chemical workshops are often densely distributed, further increasing the risk of explosion), thus preventing the other normally operating reactors from catching fire or exploding.

[0079] Secondly, the cage-shaped internal explosion-proof skeleton mechanism forms an internal fireproof cage, which initially blocks the large fire generated by the explosion, preventing the fire from rising upwards and causing other vessels and pipelines to burn and explode.

[0080] Furthermore, the fire generated by the explosion and combustion is ultimately contained by the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1, as are the debris generated by the explosion. The fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 is made of existing fireproof materials, such as polyurethane fireproof materials. The fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 is curved, firstly because of its high surface tension, which can resist the explosive energy during the explosion; secondly, because the curved design corresponds to the shape of the vessel; and thirdly, because of its curved structure, it can easily rotate or sway during the explosion, meaning that the curved design of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 can convert the potential energy of the explosion into the kinetic energy of its movement.

[0081] Thirdly, the curved design of the fireproof and energy-reducing cover 1 has a large internal cavity, which can accommodate the large fire generated by the explosion and prevent the fire from shooting upwards.

[0082] With the above structure, a stable protection is immediately formed after the reactor explosion. This serves two purposes: firstly, it controls the explosion in the first instance to prevent the rapid spread of the explosion and fire, which could trigger a secondary explosion and fire; secondly, by controlling the explosion in the first instance, it allows operators valuable escape time. Even if the explosion subsequently expands, the operators will be able to escape the workshop within the escape time. It also allows sufficient time for emergency response. Under the above structure, the reactor explosion and fire are initially suppressed. At this time, the fire protection system in the workshop can quickly and effectively deal with the suppressed fire.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 1-9 As shown, in this embodiment, based on the structure of Embodiment 1, an energy reduction component is provided on the aforementioned fireproof energy reduction cover 1. During the explosion of the reactor, the energy reduction component reduces the high explosion energy to a low energy state. Specifically, the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 with its curved structure design converts the potential energy of the explosion into kinetic energy, which is manifested in the shaking or rotation of the fireproof energy reduction cover 1.

[0085] Therefore, in order to quickly convert the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 to a stationary state and effectively block the fire, the following structural function is employed:

[0086] The energy-reducing assembly includes several energy-reducing springs 52 fixedly connected to the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1; outer mounting rings 51 are fixedly connected between the outer ends of the energy-reducing springs 52; and lower fastening screws 53 are threaded onto the outer mounting rings 51. Specifically, two layers of energy-reducing springs 52, distributed vertically, are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1; each layer of springs is fixedly connected to an outer mounting ring 51; and lower fastening screws 53 are threaded between the outer mounting rings 51. In actual operation, the lower fastening screws 53 are fixedly installed on the workshop floor.

[0087] During operation, the shaking fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 gains significant kinetic energy. Regardless of the shaking method, the energy-reducing springs 52 fixed to the outside of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 continuously extend and stretch. Through the elastic deformation of multiple energy-reducing springs 52, the kinetic energy of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 is reduced to its lowest possible state, thereby effectively enabling the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 to effectively block the fire.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment, based on the structure of Embodiment 1, employs an energy-reducing component with an alternative structural form to lower the kinetic energy of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1, such as the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 in a rotating and swaying state after an explosion. The motion state of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 is related to the actual state after the explosion of the reactor. The main motion state of the fireproof energy-reducing cover 1 after an explosion was determined through experimental simulation in the early stage.

[0090] Specifically, the energy reduction assembly includes several energy reduction plates 7 (made of elastic rubber) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy reduction cover 1. The energy reduction assembly also includes several brake plates 81 for braking the energy reduction plates 7 (the brake plates 81 are positioned on one side of the energy reduction plates 7); a bottom annular seat 8 is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the brake plates 81. The bottom annular seat 8 is fastened to the floor of the workshop where the reactor is installed by several screws 82.

[0091] During operation, the fireproof energy reduction cover 1, which sways and rotates after the explosion, continues to rotate. Under the braking of a brake plate 81 of a certain length, the elastic material energy reduction plate 7 continuously impacts the brake plate 81 and forms a large damping force. Under the large damping force, the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 quickly comes to a standstill.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] like Figure 1-9As shown, in this embodiment, based on the structure of embodiment 1, in order to monitor the effect of the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 in blocking the fire in a timely manner after the explosion, a pull rope is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy reduction cover 1. A pull switch 54 is installed at the pull end of the pull rope. The pull switch 54 is electrically connected to the switch of the camera 55. When the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 gains a large kinetic energy under the support of the explosion, the camera 55 (installed on the ceiling of the workshop in the existing manner and aimed at the fireproof energy reduction cover 1) works to quickly monitor and judge the effect of blocking the fire.

[0094] Example 5

[0095] like Figure 1-9 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for protecting a reaction vessel from explosion and combustion using a chemical reactor explosion emergency protection device, specifically including the following steps:

[0096] (1) When the smoke concentration at the top of the reactor reaches the alarm threshold of the smoke alarm system, the first push cylinder 32 and the second push cylinder 2 controlled by the smoke alarm system immediately work to lower the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover 1 mechanism to the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism to cover the outer wall of the reactor, and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover 1 mechanism to cover the outer side of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism.

[0097] (2) After the reactor explodes, the internal explosion-proof frame structure supports the reactor body from the outside. The kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the internal explosion-proof frame structure, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the internal explosion-proof frame structure.

[0098] The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield 1, and the debris generated by the explosion is also ultimately blocked by the fireproof energy reduction shield 1.

[0099] (3) After the explosion, the fireproof energy reduction cover 1 reduces the kinetic energy to a standstill through the energy reduction component, and isolates the fire generated by the explosion of the reactor in all directions.

[0100] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical reactor explosion emergency protection device, characterized in that, This includes an internal explosion-proof frame mechanism and an external fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism located on the outside of the internal explosion-proof frame mechanism; The internal explosion-proof frame mechanism includes several arc-shaped explosion-proof plates, and the top of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plates is hinged with an upper top ring; The internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes several outer partition ring frames disposed on the outside of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate. The outer partition ring frames are fixedly assembled to the bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate by several long pin screws. The internal explosion-proof frame mechanism also includes several first push cylinders, which are controlled by the workshop smoke alarm system. The external fireproof and energy-reducing cover mechanism includes a fireproof and energy-reducing cover, and a second downward-pushing cylinder is assembled and connected to the top of the fireproof and energy-reducing cover. The second downward-pushing cylinder is controlled by the smoke alarm system in the workshop. The fireproof energy reduction cover is equipped with an energy reduction component. During the explosion of the reactor, the high explosion energy is reduced to a low energy state through the energy reduction component. The energy reduction component includes several energy reduction springs that are fixedly connected to the fireproof energy reduction cover; An outer mounting ring is fixedly connected between the outer ends of the energy-reducing spring; The outer mounting ring is threaded with a lower fastening screw; the energy reduction assembly also includes several energy reduction plates fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy reduction cover; The energy reduction assembly also includes several braking plates for braking the energy reduction plates; A bottom annular seat is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the brake plates.

2. The chemical reactor explosion emergency protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second downward-pushing cylinders are fixed by a triangular cylinder suspension. The cylinder barrel of the first downward-pushing cylinder is fixedly mounted on the top of the triangular cylinder suspension; A waist support plate is fixedly connected to the over-triangle cylinder suspension, and the cylinder barrel of the second downward push cylinder is fixedly assembled on the waist support plate.

3. The chemical reactor explosion emergency protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod of the first downward-pushing cylinder is fixedly connected to a push rod, and the bottom of the push rod is detachably mounted on the outer partition ring frame.

4. The emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosion according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate is integrally formed with a horizontal protrusion that protrudes outward. The top of the horizontal protrusion is fixedly connected to a long pin screw, and two outer spacer rings are assembled and connected between the long pin screws. The top of the long pin screw is fixedly connected to the outer baffle ring at the top position; The long pin screw is slidably connected to the outer partition ring at the bottom position, and a pair of adjusting nuts positioned on both sides of the outer partition ring are threaded onto the long pin screw.

5. The emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the arc-shaped explosion-proof plate is fixedly connected to a vertically arranged protrusion, which is hinged to the upper top ring.

6. The emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two layers of energy-reducing springs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fireproof energy-reducing cover; each layer of springs is fixedly connected to an outer mounting ring. The lower fastening screw is threaded between the outer mounting rings.

7. The emergency protection device for chemical reactor explosion according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method of protection using emergency protection devices for chemical reactor explosions includes the following steps: (1) When the smoke concentration at the top of the reactor reaches the alarm threshold of the smoke alarm system, the first and second push cylinders controlled by the smoke alarm system will work immediately to lower the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism to the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism covering the outer wall of the reactor, and the outer fireproof energy reduction cover mechanism covering the outer side of the inner explosion-proof frame mechanism. (2) After the reactor explodes, the internal explosion-proof frame structure supports the reactor body from the outside. The kinetic energy of the explosion generated by the reactor body is initially consumed and reduced by the internal explosion-proof frame structure, and the fragments generated by the explosion are initially blocked by the internal explosion-proof frame structure. The fire generated by the explosion and combustion is blocked by the fireproof and energy-reducing shield, and the debris generated by the explosion is also ultimately blocked by the fireproof and energy-reducing shield. (3) After the explosion, the fireproof energy reduction cover reduces the kinetic energy to a standstill through the energy reduction component, thus blocking the fire generated by the explosion of the reactor in all directions.

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