A biomass oil refining apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses a biomass oil refining device, including a reactor. A pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism is installed inside the reactor. An ash removal mechanism is installed below the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism inside the reactor. A conveying mechanism is installed at the top of the reactor. The conveying mechanism is linked to the ash removal mechanism, and the ash removal mechanism controls the feed rate of the conveying mechanism. A periodic drive mechanism is installed inside the reactor. The pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism is driven by the power input end of the periodic drive mechanism. The periodic drive mechanism has drive units both inside and outside the reactor. The drive unit inside the reactor is driven by the ash removal mechanism. Through the coordinated arrangement of the ash removal mechanism, the conveying mechanism, and the periodic drive mechanism, this device can periodically input biomass raw materials into the reactor, and the feed rate corresponds to the amount of waste ash discharged by the ash removal mechanism. This allows the device to autonomously adjust the feed rate according to the pyrolysis rate of the biomass raw materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass pyrolysis oil production technology. Specifically, it relates to a biomass oil refining equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis refers to the process of converting biomass into low-molecular-weight substances such as charcoal, liquids, and gases through thermochemical conversion under conditions of air isolation or with a small supply of air. Bio-oil is a liquid product obtained from biomass through pyrolysis technology. It has advantages such as high energy density, environmental friendliness, renewability, and direct transportability, and can be widely used as an alternative to traditional fossil fuels.

[0003] Most traditional biomass pyrolysis oil production units do not have the facilities to adjust the feed rate according to the pyrolysis speed of the biomass raw materials in the unit. When there is too much raw material in the unit, it will lead to uneven heating of the biomass raw materials, resulting in poor pyrolysis effect. When there is too little raw material, it will lead to energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a biomass oil refining device that can independently adjust the feed amount according to the pyrolysis rate of biomass raw materials.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a biomass oil refining equipment, including a reactor, a pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism installed inside the reactor, an ash removal mechanism installed below the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism inside the reactor, a material conveying mechanism installed at the top of the reactor, the material conveying mechanism being linked with the ash removal mechanism, and the ash removal mechanism controlling the feed rate of the material conveying mechanism; a periodic drive mechanism installed inside the reactor, the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism being driven and connected to the power input end of the periodic drive mechanism, the periodic drive mechanism having drive units both inside and outside the reactor, the drive unit inside the reactor being driven and connected to the ash removal mechanism, and the drive unit outside the reactor being driven and connected to the material conveying mechanism.

[0006] The aforementioned biomass oil refining equipment includes a pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism comprising a motor and a first gear. The motor is mounted on one side of the reactor, and its output end passes through the reactor and is coaxially connected to the first gear. A first alligator plate is hinged to the side of the first gear away from the motor. A second alligator plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor above the ash removal mechanism. Heating devices are installed in both the first and second alligator plates. A fixing rod is hinged to the side of the first alligator plate away from the second alligator plate, and the other end of the fixing rod is hinged to the inner wall of the reactor. A fixing hook is hinged to the bottom of the fixing rod.

[0007] The aforementioned biomass oil refining equipment includes an ash removal mechanism comprising an installation groove formed in the bottom wall of a reactor, a sleeve fixedly installed in the installation groove, a first piston slidably connected in the sleeve, a first spring installed in the sleeve below the first piston, a first piston rod coaxially connected to the top of the first piston, a support plate fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod extending through the sleeve, a sliding groove formed on the inner wall of the reactor on the side of the installation groove away from the fixed hook, the inner wall of the sliding groove slidingly engaging with the support plate; an ash removal port formed on the bottom wall of the reactor on the other side of the installation groove, and the installation groove communicating with the ash removal port; a tray hinged to the top of the support plate, the tray only rotating towards the ash removal port, and a second spring installed between the support plate and the tray on the side of the first piston rod near the ash removal port.

[0008] The aforementioned biomass oil refining equipment includes a feeding mechanism comprising a material box installed on top of a reactor. The bottom of the material box has a discharge port that communicates with the interior of the reactor. Slots are provided on the bottom of both sides of the material box. A first blocking plate is slidably fitted into the slot near the second alligator plate. A first connecting rod is provided on one side of the first blocking plate extending out of the material box. A second connecting rod is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod. The other end of the second connecting rod extends into the reactor and is fixedly connected to the top of a support plate. A second blocking plate is slidably fitted into the other slot. A guide block is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor on the side of the material box away from the first connecting rod. A guide post is slidably fitted through the guide block. One end of the guide post is fixedly connected to the side of the second blocking plate extending out of the material box, and the other end of the guide post is fixedly connected to a trigger rod. A third spring is sleeved on the guide post between the second blocking plate and the guide block.

[0009] The aforementioned biomass oil refining equipment includes a periodic drive mechanism comprising a one-way ratchet. A fixed shaft is coaxially mounted on one side of the one-way ratchet, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to a side wall of the reactor. The one-way ratchet is located below a fixed rod, and the one-way ratchet is driven by a fixed hook. A guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the reactor below the one-way ratchet. A second piston is slidably fitted within the guide groove. A second piston rod is coaxially connected to the side of the second piston near the mounting groove. The other end of the second piston rod extends through the guide groove and is fixedly connected to... A push plate is connected to the guide groove, and a fourth spring is sleeved on the second piston rod. A first push rod is fixedly connected to one side of the one-way ratchet. When the one-way ratchet rotates, the first push rod abuts against the push plate, causing the push plate to move closer to the mounting groove. A guide hole is opened on one side of the inner wall of the reactor located in the mounting groove. A first support rod is slidably fitted through the guide hole. A second support rod is hinged to one end of the first support rod near the tray. The other end of the second support rod is hinged to the top of the tray near the ash discharge port. The other end of the first support rod corresponds to the push plate.

[0010] In the above-mentioned biomass oil refining equipment, a first pulley is coaxially connected to one end of the fixed shaft that extends out of the reactor. A belt is wound around the first pulley. A second pulley is rotatably connected to one side of the reactor below the trigger rod, and the belt is wound around the second pulley. A second push rod is provided on one side of the second pulley. When the second pulley rotates, the second push rod pushes against the trigger rod, causing the trigger rod to move away from the material box.

[0011] In the above-mentioned biomass oil refining equipment, a mounting cylinder is provided on one side of the reactor. The gas supply end of the mounting cylinder is in communication with the fluid inside the reactor. A fan blade is provided inside the mounting cylinder. A drive shaft is coaxially connected to the side of the fan blade near the reactor. A second gear is coaxially connected to the other end of the drive shaft that passes through the reactor. The first gear and the second gear are meshed and connected. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the reactor.

[0012] In the above-mentioned biomass oil refining equipment, the air outlet of the mounting cylinder is connected to a cyclone separator via a pipe, the air outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to a filter via a pipe, and the air outlet of the filter is connected to a condenser via a pipe.

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0014] 1. The present invention, through the coordinated arrangement of an ash discharge mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a periodic drive mechanism, allows the device to periodically input biomass raw materials into the reactor, and the feed amount corresponds to the amount of waste ash discharged by the ash discharge mechanism, so that the device can automatically adjust the feed amount according to the pyrolysis rate of the biomass raw materials.

[0015] 2. The present invention, through the coordinated arrangement of the crushing and pyrolysis mechanism, the ash discharge mechanism, the material conveying mechanism and the periodic drive mechanism, enables the device to automatically perform periodic feeding, crushing and pyrolysis of raw materials and periodic ash discharge, thereby realizing the automation of the device and improving its working efficiency.

[0016] 3. In this invention, by setting up a crushing and pyrolysis mechanism, the device crushes the biomass raw material while pyrolyzing it. Pyrolysis makes the biomass raw material brittle and easier to crush, and the crushed biomass raw material is easier to pyrolyze, which improves the pyrolysis efficiency of the biomass raw material and further improves the working efficiency of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the reactor of this invention;

[0019] Figure 3A schematic cross-sectional view of the reactor of this invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the reactor during ash removal in this invention;

[0021] Figure 5 An exploded structural diagram of the material conveying mechanism of this invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 This invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of section B in the middle.

[0024] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-Reaction furnace; 2-Pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism; 201-Motor; 202-First gear; 203-First axe plate; 204-Second axe plate; 205-Heating device; 206-Fixing rod; 207-Fixing hook; 3-Ash discharge mechanism; 301-Mounting groove; 302-Sleeve; 303-First piston; 304-First spring; 305-First piston rod; 306-Support plate; 307-Slide groove; 308-Ash discharge port; 309-Tray; 310-Second spring; 4-Material conveying mechanism; 401-Material box; 402-Slot; 403-First blocking plate; 404-First connecting rod; 405-Second connecting rod; 406- Second blocking plate; 407-Guide block; 408-Guide post; 409-Trigger rod; 410-Third spring; 5-Periodic drive mechanism; 501-One-way ratchet; 502-Fixed shaft; 503-Guide groove; 504-Second piston; 505-Second piston rod; 506-Push plate; 507-Fourth spring; 508-First push rod; 509-First support rod; 510-Second support rod; 511-First pulley; 512-Belt; 513-Second pulley; 514-Second push rod; 6-Mounting cylinder; 7-Fan blade; 8-Drive shaft; 9-Second gear; 10-Cyclone separator; 11-Filter; 12-Condenser; 13-Inlet pipe seat. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This embodiment describes a biomass oil refining device; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1-3As shown, the device includes a reactor 1, a pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism 2 installed inside the reactor 1, an ash removal mechanism 3 installed below the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism 2 inside the reactor 1, and a conveying mechanism 4 installed on top of the reactor 1. The conveying mechanism 4 is linked with the ash removal mechanism 3, and the ash removal mechanism 3 controls the feed rate of the conveying mechanism 4. A periodic drive mechanism 5 is installed inside the reactor 1, and the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism 2 is driven and connected to the power input end of the periodic drive mechanism 5. The periodic drive mechanism 5 has drive units both inside and outside the reactor 1. The drive unit inside the reactor 1 is driven and connected to the ash removal mechanism 3, and the drive unit outside the reactor 1 is driven and connected to the conveying mechanism 4. Through the coordinated arrangement of the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism 2, the ash removal mechanism 3, the conveying mechanism 4, and the periodic drive mechanism 5, the device can periodically input biomass raw materials into the reactor 1, and the feed rate corresponds to the amount of waste ash discharged by the ash removal mechanism 3, so that the device can automatically adjust the feed rate according to the pyrolysis rate of the biomass raw materials.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism 2 includes a motor 201 and a first gear 202. The motor 201 is installed on one side of the reactor 1, and its output end passes through the reactor 1 and is coaxially connected to the first gear 202. A first axle plate 203 is hinged to the side of the first gear 202 away from the motor 201. A second axle plate 204 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor 1 above the ash removal mechanism 3. Heating devices 205 are installed in both the first axle plate 203 and the second axle plate 204. The heating devices 205 can be electric heating wires, microwave heaters, etc., which increase the temperature between the first axle plate 203 and the second axle plate 204, thereby pyrolyzing the biomass raw materials on the first axle plate 203 and the second axle plate 204. The first axle plate 203 is located away from the motor 201. A fixing rod 206 is hinged to one side of the second alligator plate 204, and the other end of the fixing rod 206 is hinged to the inner wall of the reactor 1. A fixing hook 207 is hinged to the bottom of the fixing rod 206. The motor 201 can drive the first gear 202 to rotate. With the setting of the fixing rod 206, the first alligator plate 203 continuously reciprocates towards the second alligator plate 204, thereby crushing the biomass raw material between the first alligator plate 203 and the second alligator plate 204. At the same time, the heating device 205 heats and pyrolyzes the biomass raw material, so that the crushing and pyrolysis of the biomass raw material are carried out simultaneously. Pyrolysis can make the biomass raw material brittle and easy to crush. The crushed biomass raw material is more likely to absorb heat and further pyrolyze. The two promote each other, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the ash removal mechanism 3 includes an installation groove 301 formed in the bottom wall of the reactor 1. A sleeve 302 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 301. A first piston 303 is slidably connected in the sleeve 302. A first spring 304 is installed in the sleeve 302 below the first piston 303. A first piston rod 305 is coaxially connected to the top of the first piston 303. A support plate 306 is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod 305 that protrudes from the end of the sleeve 302. A sliding groove 307 is formed on the inner wall of the reactor 1 on the side of the installation groove 301 away from the fixed hook 207. The inner wall of the sliding groove 307 is slidably engaged with the support plate 306. An ash discharge port 308 is formed on the bottom wall of the reactor 1 on the other side of the installation groove 301, and the installation groove 301 communicates with the ash discharge port 308. A tray 309 is hinged to the top of 306, and the tray 309 can only rotate towards the ash discharge port 308. A second spring 310 is installed between the support plate 306 and the tray 309 on the side of the first piston rod 305 near the ash discharge port 308. The first spring 304 is used to reset the tray 309. After the biomass raw materials in the first alligator plate 203 and the second alligator plate 204 are pyrolyzed, they form waste ash and fall into the tray 309. The tray 309 is affected by the gravity of the waste ash and presses the support plate 306 to move downward along the slide 307. The first piston 303 moves downward along the inner wall of the sleeve 302. When the tray 309 is pushed downward on the side near the ash discharge port 308, the tray 309 rotates towards the ash discharge port 308, and the waste ash on the tray 309 flows into the ash discharge port 308.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the material conveying mechanism 4 includes a material box 401 installed on the top of the reactor 1. The bottom of the material box 401 has a discharge port that communicates with the interior of the reactor 1. Slots 402 are provided on the bottom of both sides of the material box 401. A first blocking plate 403 is slidably fitted in the slot 402 near the second alligator plate 204. A first connecting rod 404 is provided on one side of the first blocking plate 403 that protrudes from the material box 401. A second connecting rod 405 is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod 404. The other end of the second connecting rod 405 enters the reactor 1 and is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 306. A second blocking plate 406 is slidably fitted in the other slot 402. A guide block 407 is fixedly connected to the top of the reactor 1 on the side of the material box 401 away from the first connecting rod 404. A guide post 408 is slidably fitted through the guide block 407. One end of the guide post 408 is fixedly connected to the side of the second blocking plate 406 that protrudes from the material box 401. The other end is fixedly connected to a trigger rod 409, and a third spring 410 is sleeved on the guide post 408 between the second blocking plate 406 and the guide block 407; when the waste ash falls into the tray, the support plate 306 moves down with the second connecting rod 405, causing the first connecting rod 404 to pull the first blocking plate 403 to be pulled out of the material box 401. Through the cooperation of the guide block 407, the guide post 408 and the third spring 410, the third spring 410 abuts against the first blocking plate 406. The two blocking plates 406 are inserted into the material box 401, so that the side of the first blocking plate 403 and the second blocking plate 406 that are close to each other are always in contact and close the discharge port at the bottom of the material box 401. Since the area of ​​the second blocking plate 406 inserted into the material box 401 is increased, the discharge volume of the material box 401 increases when the guide column 408 is pulled out of the material box 401 by the tension. This allows the device to adjust the discharge volume of the material box 401 automatically according to the pyrolysis status of the biomass raw materials.

[0029] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7As shown, the periodic drive mechanism 5 includes a one-way ratchet 501. A fixed shaft 502 is coaxially mounted on one side of the one-way ratchet 501, and the fixed shaft 502 is rotatably connected to one side wall of the reactor 1. A guide groove 503 is provided on the inner wall of the reactor 1 below the one-way ratchet 501. A second piston 504 is slidably fitted in the guide groove 503. A second piston rod 505 is coaxially connected to the side of the second piston 504 near the mounting groove 301. A push plate 506 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod 505 that protrudes from the guide groove 503. A fourth spring 507 is fitted onto the second piston rod 505 inside; a first push rod 508 is fixedly connected to one side of the one-way ratchet 501. When the one-way ratchet 501 rotates, the first push rod 508 pushes against the push plate 506, causing the push plate 506 to move closer to the mounting groove 301; a guide hole is opened on one side of the mounting groove 301 on the inner wall of the reactor 1, and a first support rod 509 is slidably fitted through the guide hole. A second support rod 510 is hinged to one end of the first support rod 509 near the tray 309, and the other end of the second support rod 510 is connected to the top of the tray 309 near the ash discharge port. One side of 308 is hinged, and the other end of the first support rod 509 corresponds to the push plate 506. When the first alligator plate 203 reciprocates to the second alligator plate 204, the fixed rod 206 swings repeatedly in both directions, causing the fixed hook 207 to rise and fall repeatedly. A one-way bearing can be installed on the fixed shaft 502 (not shown). This allows the fixed shaft 502 and the one-way ratchet 501 to rotate only in one direction, which is the existing technology. This ensures that when the fixed hook 207 descends, it does not affect the one-way ratchet 501. When the fixed hook 207 rises, it engages with the one-way ratchet 501 and drives the one-way ratchet 501. The ratchet 501 rotates intermittently in one direction. When the ratchet 501 rotates to the point where the first push rod 508 abuts the push plate 506, the push plate 506, along with the second piston rod 505, moves closer to the mounting groove 301 along the guide groove 503. The push plate 506 abuts the first support rod 509, causing the second support rod 510 to abut the top of the tray 309 near the ash discharge port 308. The tray 309 rotates and tilts towards the ash discharge port 308, allowing the waste ash on the tray 309 to flow into the ash discharge port 308 and be discharged from the device, thus enabling the device to have a periodic ash discharge function.

[0030] like Figure 2As shown, a first pulley 511 is coaxially connected to one end of a fixed shaft 502 that extends out of the reactor 1. A belt 512 is wound around the first pulley 511. A second pulley 513 is rotatably connected to one side of the reactor 1, below the trigger rod 409, with the belt 512 wound around the second pulley 513. A second push rod 514 is provided on one side of the second pulley 513. When the second pulley 513 rotates, the second push rod 514 pushes against the trigger rod 409, causing the trigger rod 409 to move away from the material box 401. The pulley 511 rotates with the one-way ratchet 501 via the fixed shaft 502. With the help of the belt 512, the first pulley 511 drives the second pulley 513 to rotate. When the second pulley 513 rotates to the point where the second push rod 514 abuts the trigger rod 409, the trigger rod 409 moves away from the material box 401 along with the guide column 408. The second blocking plate 406 is pulled out from the material box 401, and the biomass raw material in the material box 401 falls into the reactor 1, thus realizing the function of the device periodically feeding material into the reactor 1.

[0031] like Figure 1 and 3 As shown, a mounting cylinder 6 is provided on one side of the reactor 1. The gas supply end of the mounting cylinder 6 is connected to the fluid inside the reactor 1. A fan blade 7 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 6. A drive shaft 8 is coaxially connected to the side of the fan blade 7 near the reactor 1. The other end of the drive shaft 8 is inserted into the end of the reactor 1 and coaxially connected to a second gear 9. A first gear 202 meshes with the second gear 9. The drive shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the reactor 1. When the first gear 202 rotates, it can drive the fan blade 7 to rotate, thereby quickly drawing the volatiles generated by the pyrolysis of biomass raw materials in the reactor 1 into the conveying pipeline, reducing the time the volatiles spend in the conveying pipeline, improving the working efficiency of the device, and reducing the possibility of a decrease in oil production caused by secondary pyrolysis of volatiles.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the mounting cylinder 6 is connected to a cyclone separator 10 via a connecting pipe. The cyclone separator 10 performs a separation function, separating impurities in the volatile matter. The outlet of the cyclone separator 10 is connected to a filter 11 via a connecting pipe. The filter 11 can be made of ceramic, which can further filter impurities in the volatile matter. The outlet of the filter 11 is connected to a condenser 12 via a connecting pipe. The condensation temperature of the condenser 12 is controlled between 45 and 55 degrees Celsius, so that when the volatile matter passes through the condenser 12, it produces biomass oil with low moisture content, thereby obtaining high-quality biomass oil.

[0033] In this invention, the working steps of the device are as follows:

[0034] 1. Nitrogen gas can be supplied into the reactor through the air inlet pipe seat 13, so that the biomass raw material can be pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment; the motor 201 drives the first gear 202 to rotate, so that the first alligator plate 203 continuously reciprocates to the second alligator plate 204, thereby crushing the biomass raw material between the first alligator plate 203 and the second alligator plate 204. At the same time, the heating device 205 heats and pyrolyzes the biomass raw material, so that the crushing and pyrolysis of the biomass raw material are carried out simultaneously.

[0035] 2. After the biomass raw materials in the first alligator plate 203 and the second alligator plate 204 are pyrolyzed, they form waste ash and fall into the tray 309. The tray 309 is affected by the gravity of the waste ash and presses the support plate 306 to move downward along the slide 307. The first piston 303 moves downward along the inner wall of the sleeve 302. The support plate 306 moves downward with the second connecting rod 405, so that the first connecting rod 404 pulls the first blocking plate 403. The first blocking plate 403 is pulled out from the material box 401. The third spring 410 pushes the second blocking plate 406 into the material box 401, so that the side of the first blocking plate 403 and the second blocking plate 406 that are close to each other are always in contact and close the discharge port at the bottom of the material box 401. The area of ​​the second blocking plate 406 inserted into the material box 401 is increased.

[0036] 3. While the first alligator plate 203 reciprocates towards the second alligator plate 204, the fixing rod 206 swings repeatedly in both directions, causing the fixing hook 207 to rise and fall repeatedly. The one-way ratchet 501 can only rotate in one direction relative to the fixed shaft 502. When the fixing hook 207 descends, it does not affect the one-way ratchet 501. When the fixing hook 207 rises, it engages with the one-way ratchet 501 and drives the one-way ratchet 501 to rotate, thus causing the one-way ratchet 501 to rotate intermittently in one direction. The first pulley 511 follows the rotation of the one-way ratchet 501, and then drives the first pulley 511 to rotate through the belt 512. When the second pulley 513 rotates to the point where the second push rod 514 abuts the trigger rod 409, the trigger rod 409 moves the guide column 408 away from the material box 401, and the second blocking plate 406 is pulled out from the material box 401. The biomass raw material in the material box 401 falls into the reactor 1. Since the area of ​​the second blocking plate 406 inserted into the material box 401 is increased due to the influence of the gravity of the waste ash, the discharge rate of the material box 401 also increases when the second blocking plate 406 is pulled out from the material box 401. This allows the discharge rate of the material box 401 to be adjusted autonomously according to the pyrolysis rate of the biomass raw material.

[0037] 4. Then, when the one-way ratchet 501 rotates to the point where the first push rod 508 abuts the push plate 506, the push plate 506, along with the second piston rod 505, moves closer to the mounting groove 301 along the guide groove 503. The push plate 506 abuts the first support rod 509, causing the second support rod 510 to abut the top of the tray 309 near the ash discharge port 308. The tray 309 rotates and tilts towards the ash discharge port 308, and the waste ash on the tray 309 flows into the ash discharge port 308, thus realizing the function of periodic ash discharge of the device.

[0038] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A biomass oil refining equipment, characterized in that, The reactor includes a reactor (1), a pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism (2) installed inside the reactor (1), an ash removal mechanism (3) installed below the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism (2) inside the reactor (1), a material conveying mechanism (4) installed on the top of the reactor (1), the material conveying mechanism (4) is linked with the ash removal mechanism (3), and the ash removal mechanism (3) regulates the feed rate of the material conveying mechanism (4); a periodic drive mechanism (5) is installed inside the reactor (1), the pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism (2) is driven and connected to the power input end of the periodic drive mechanism (5), the periodic drive mechanism (5) has a drive unit inside and outside the reactor (1), the drive unit inside the reactor (1) is driven and connected to the ash removal mechanism (3), and the drive unit outside the reactor (1) is driven and connected to the material conveying mechanism (4); The pulverizing and pyrolysis mechanism (2) includes a motor (201) and a first gear (202). The motor (201) is installed on one side of the reactor (1). The output end of the motor (201) passes through the reactor (1) and is coaxially connected to the first gear (202). A first alligator plate (203) is hinged to the side of the first gear (202) away from the motor (201). A second alligator plate (204) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor (1) above the ash removal mechanism (3). A heating device (205) is installed in both the first alligator plate (203) and the second alligator plate (204). A fixing rod (206) is hinged to the side of the first alligator plate (203) away from the second alligator plate (204). The other end of the fixing rod (206) is hinged to the inner wall of the reactor (1). A fixing hook (207) is hinged to the bottom of the fixing rod (206). The ash removal mechanism (3) includes an installation groove (301) formed in the bottom wall of the reactor (1). A sleeve (302) is fixedly installed in the installation groove (301). A first piston (303) is slidably connected in the sleeve (302). A first spring (304) is installed in the sleeve (302) below the first piston (303). A first piston rod (305) is coaxially connected to the top of the first piston (303). A support plate (306) is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod (305) that protrudes from the sleeve (302). A support plate (306) is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod (305) that protrudes from the sleeve (302). The ash removal mechanism (3) includes an installation groove (301) on the inner wall of the reactor (1) located away from the installation groove (301). A sliding groove (307) is provided on one side of the fixed hook (207), and the inner wall of the sliding groove (307) is slidably engaged with the support plate (306); an ash discharge port (308) is provided on the bottom wall of the reactor (1) on the other side of the mounting groove (301), and the mounting groove (301) is connected to the ash discharge port (308); a tray (309) is hinged to the top of the support plate (306), and the tray (309) can only rotate in the direction of the ash discharge port (308); a second spring (310) is installed between the support plate (306) and the tray (309) on the side of the first piston rod (305) near the ash discharge port (308); The feeding mechanism (4) includes a material box (401) installed on the top of the reactor (1). The bottom of the material box (401) is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the inside of the reactor (1). Slots (402) are provided on the bottom of both sides of the material box (401). A first blocking plate (403) is slidably fitted in the slot (402) near the second alligator plate (204). A first connecting rod (404) is provided on one side of the first blocking plate (403) that protrudes from the material box (401). A second connecting rod (405) is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod (404). The other end of the second connecting rod (405) enters the reactor (1) and is connected to the support plate (304). 6) The top is fixedly connected; another slot (402) is slidably fitted with a second blocking plate (406), the top of the reactor (1) is fixedly connected with a guide block (407) on the side of the material box (401) away from the first connecting rod (404), the guide block (407) is slidably fitted with a guide post (408), one end of the guide post (408) is fixedly connected to the side of the second blocking plate (406) that protrudes from the material box (401), the other end of the guide post (408) is fixedly connected with a trigger rod (409), and a third spring (410) is sleeved on the guide post (408) between the second blocking plate (406) and the guide block (407). The periodic drive mechanism (5) includes a one-way ratchet (501), a fixed shaft (502) is coaxially mounted on one side of the one-way ratchet (501), and the fixed shaft (502) is rotatably connected to one side wall of the reactor (1); the one-way ratchet (501) is located below the fixed rod (206), and the one-way ratchet (501) is driven by the fixed hook (207); the inner wall of the reactor (1) is provided with a guide groove (503) below the one-way ratchet (501), a second piston (504) is slidably fitted in the guide groove (503), a second piston rod (505) is coaxially connected to the side of the second piston (504) near the mounting groove (301), and a push plate (506) is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod (505) that protrudes from the guide groove (503). A fourth spring (507) is fitted onto the second piston rod (505) inside the groove (503); a first push rod (508) is fixedly connected to one side of the one-way ratchet (501). When the one-way ratchet (501) rotates, the first push rod (508) pushes against the push plate (506) to make the push plate (506) move closer to the mounting groove (301); a guide hole is opened on one side of the inner wall of the reactor (1) located in the mounting groove (301). A first support rod (509) is slidably fitted through the guide hole. A second support rod (510) is hinged to one end of the first support rod (509) near the tray (309). The other end of the second support rod (510) is hinged to the top of the tray (309) near the ash discharge port (308). The other end of the first support rod (509) corresponds to the push plate (506). One end of the fixed shaft (502) that extends out of the reactor (1) is coaxially connected to a first pulley (511). A belt (512) is wound around the first pulley (511). A second pulley (513) is rotatably connected to one side of the reactor (1) below the trigger rod (409). The belt (512) is wound around the second pulley (513). A second push rod (514) is provided on one side of the second pulley (513). When the second pulley (513) rotates, the second push rod (514) pushes against the trigger rod (409) to move the trigger rod (409) away from the material box (401). The starting motor (201) drives the first gear (202) to rotate, causing the first alligator plate (203) to reciprocate towards the second alligator plate (204), thereby crushing the biomass material between the first alligator plate (203) and the second alligator plate (204). After pyrolysis, the biomass material in the first alligator plate (203) and the second alligator plate (204) forms waste ash and falls into the tray (309). The tray (309) is affected by the gravity of the waste ash and presses the support plate (306) down along the slide groove (307). The first piston (303) moves down along the inner wall of the sleeve (302). The support plate (306) moves down with the second connecting rod (405), causing the first connecting rod (404) to pull the first blocking plate (403). A first blocking plate (403) is pulled out from the material box (401), and a third spring (410) pushes against the second blocking plate (406) and inserts it into the material box (401), so that the side of the first blocking plate (403) and the second blocking plate (406) close to each other always sticks together and closes the discharge port at the bottom of the material box (401), and the area of ​​the second blocking plate (406) inserted into the material box (401) increases; when the second pulley (513) rotates to the second push rod (514) pushing against the trigger rod (409), the trigger rod (409) moves away from the material box (401) with the guide column (408), the second blocking plate (406) is pulled out from the material box (401), and the biomass raw material in the material box (401) falls into the reactor (1).

2. The biomass oil refining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor (1) has an installation cylinder (6) on one side. The gas supply end of the installation cylinder (6) is connected to the fluid inside the reactor (1). The installation cylinder (6) has a fan blade (7). The fan blade (7) is coaxially connected to a drive shaft (8) on the side of the reactor (1) close to the fan blade (7). The other end of the drive shaft (8) is coaxially connected to a second gear (9) at the end of the reactor (1). The first gear (202) meshes with the second gear (9). The drive shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the reactor (1).

3. The biomass oil refining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air outlet of the mounting cylinder (6) is connected to a cyclone separator (10) via a pipe, the air outlet of the cyclone separator (10) is connected to a filter (11) via a pipe, and the air outlet of the filter (11) is connected to a condenser (12) via a pipe.

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