Use of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress and / or increasing yield in plants

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of crop planting and particularly relates to application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants. By applying dimethyl sulfoxide solution to plants, not only the cadmium absorption of plant roots under cadmium stress and the active oxygen content of plants under cadmium stress can be reduced, but also the yield of crops can be improved. Experiments prove that the dimethyl sulfoxide solution can increase the fresh weight of plants, and the highest increase is up to 294.39%; under cadmium stress, the hydrogen peroxide content of plants is reduced by 23.49% to 25.76%, the superoxide anion content is reduced by 31.27% to 83.38%, the effect is remarkable, and the dimethyl sulfoxide solution can also significantly improve the root volume of plants under cadmium stress, increase the plant height of plants under cadmium stress and increase the leaf area of plants under cadmium stress.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cadmium is a heavy metal with strong biological toxicity and is a non-essential element for plant growth and development. When plants are subjected to cadmium stress, due to accumulation of cadmium elements, the plants tend to be dwarfed, with yellow and withered leaves, and the healthy growth of the plants is inhibited. In addition, after cadmium stress, the normal physiological activities of the plants are affected, and the photosynthesis and enzyme activity of the plants are reduced, which is not conducive to the growth and metabolism of the plants.

[0003] Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) exists in a trace amount in fresh water, seawater and atmospheric precipitation. Depending on the dose and cell type, DMSO plays a dual role of promoting oxidation or resisting oxidation. However, due to the dual nature of DMSO with potential cell protection and cytotoxicity, it is generally used as a preferred solvent for biomedical experiments, and there is no related report on reducing cadmium stress of plants by using a DMSO solution. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants. By applying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution to plants, the cadmium stress of the plants can be reduced, and the yield of the plants can be improved.

[0005] The application provides application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants.

[0006] Preferably, the reducing cadmium stress of plants includes one or more of reducing cadmium absorption of roots of the plants under cadmium stress, reducing active oxygen content of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root volume of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing fresh weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing plant height of the plants under cadmium stress, and increasing leaf area of the plants under cadmium stress.

[0007] Preferably, the plants include one or more of Chinese cabbage, Chinese leaf mustard and lettuce.

[0008] The application also provides a method for reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants, which comprises: applying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution to the plants; and the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is >0 and ≤4 mmol / L.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 2 mmol / L.

[0010] Preferably, the application mode includes foliar spraying.

[0011] Preferably, when the planting mode is hydroponics, the application mode comprises: directly adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the nutrient solution.

[0012] Preferably, the solvent of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution comprises water.

[0013] Preferably, the plant comprises one or more of Chinese flowering cabbage, Chinese cabbage and lettuce.

[0014] Preferably, the reduction of cadmium stress of the plant comprises one or more of: reduction of cadmium absorption of the plant root under cadmium stress, reduction of active oxygen content of the plant under cadmium stress, increase of root weight of the plant under cadmium stress, increase of root volume of the plant under cadmium stress, increase of fresh weight of the plant under cadmium stress, increase of plant height of the plant under cadmium stress and increase of leaf area of the plant under cadmium stress.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] The application provides application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reduction of cadmium stress of a plant and / or increase of yield of the plant. Application of dimethyl sulfoxide solution to the plant not only reduces cadmium absorption of the plant root under cadmium stress and reduces active oxygen content of the plant under cadmium stress, but also increases yield of the crop. Experiments prove that the dimethyl sulfoxide solution can effectively reduce accumulation of cadmium of the plant under cadmium stress and increase active oxygen (ROS) level of the plant under cadmium stress.

[0017] Based on the above technical advantages, the application further provides a method for reducing cadmium stress of a plant and / or increasing yield of the plant, wherein dimethyl sulfoxide solution is applied to the plant; the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is >0 and ≤4 mmol / L. Experiments prove that, after application of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution, the increase of fresh weight of the plant is up to 294.39%; under cadmium stress, the content of hydrogen peroxide of the plant is reduced by 23.49% to 25.76%, the content of superoxide anion is reduced by 31.27% to 83.38%, the effect is remarkable, and the root volume of the plant under cadmium stress, the plant height of the plant under cadmium stress and the leaf area of the plant under cadmium stress are also significantly increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 Effects of different concentrations of DMSO on fresh weight of Chinese flowering cabbage in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1;

[0020] Figure 2 Effects of different concentrations of DMSO on fresh weight of Chinese flowering cabbage under cadmium stress in Examples 7-10 and Comparative Example 2;

[0021] Figure 3Application Example 1, the influence of DMSO on the growth phenotype of pakchoi under Cd stress;

[0022] Figure 4 Application Example 1, the influence of DMSO on the growth index of the root of pakchoi under Cd stress;

[0023] Figure 5 Application Example 1, the influence of DMSO on the cadmium accumulation and active oxygen level of pakchoi under Cd stress. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application provides application of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants.

[0025] In the application, the reduction of cadmium stress of plants preferably includes one or more of reducing cadmium absorption of the root of plants under cadmium stress, reducing active oxygen content of plants under cadmium stress, improving root weight of plants under cadmium stress, improving root volume of plants under cadmium stress, improving fresh weight of plants under cadmium stress, improving plant height of plants under cadmium stress and increasing leaf area of plants under cadmium stress; more preferably includes reducing active oxygen content of plants under cadmium stress or improving fresh weight of plants under cadmium stress.

[0026] The improvement of yield of plants in the application preferably includes one or more of improving root weight of plants, improving root volume of plants, improving fresh weight of plants, improving plant height of plants and increasing leaf area of plants; more preferably includes improving fresh weight of plants.

[0027] The plants in the application preferably include one or more of pakchoi, Chinese cabbage and lettuce, and more preferably are pakchoi. By applying dimethyl sulfoxide to plants, not only the cadmium stress of plants can be reduced, but also the growth of plants can be promoted and the yield of plants can be improved.

[0028] The application further provides a method for reducing cadmium stress of plants and / or improving yield of plants, comprising: applying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution to plants; the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is >0 and ≤4 mmol / L, and further preferably >0 and ≤2 mmol / L, and more preferably 2 mmol / L.

[0029] In the application, the plants preferably include one or more of pakchoi, Chinese cabbage and lettuce, and more preferably are pakchoi. The application mode of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution in the application preferably includes foliar spraying. In the application, when the planting mode is nutrient solution culture, the application mode preferably includes directly adding dimethyl sulfoxide into the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution in the application is preferably Hoagland nutrient solution, and the source and amount of the Hoagland nutrient solution are not specially required and can be adopted by the technology well known in the art. By foliar spraying or directly adding the dimethyl sulfoxide solution into the nutrient solution, the cadmium stress of plants can be reduced and the production of plants can be promoted.

[0030] The solvent of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution preferably comprises water, and more preferably is water. In the present application, the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is preferably prepared by dissolving dimethyl sulfoxide mother liquor in water before application. The application of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution can promote plant growth. The present application does not have special requirements for the source of dimethyl sulfoxide, which can be purchased regularly.

[0031] In the present application, the reduction of plant cadmium stress preferably includes one or more of the following: reducing cadmium absorption by plant roots under cadmium stress, reducing active oxygen content of plants under cadmium stress, increasing root weight of plants under cadmium stress, increasing root volume of plants under cadmium stress, increasing fresh weight of plants under cadmium stress, increasing plant height under cadmium stress, and increasing leaf area of plants under cadmium stress; more preferably includes reducing active oxygen content of plants under cadmium stress or increasing fresh weight of plants under cadmium stress.

[0032] The increase in plant yield preferably includes one or more of the following: increasing root weight of plants, increasing root volume of plants, increasing fresh weight of plants, increasing plant height, and increasing leaf area of plants; more preferably includes increasing fresh weight of plants.

[0033] Experiments show that after applying an appropriate amount of DMSO to plants, the increase in plant fresh weight is up to 294.39%; under cadmium stress, the hydrogen peroxide content of plants is reduced by 23.49% to 25.76%, the superoxide anion content is reduced by 31.27% to 83.38%, the effect is significant, and at the same time, it can significantly increase the root volume of plants under cadmium stress, increase the plant height under cadmium stress, and increase the leaf area of plants under cadmium stress.

[0034] In order to further illustrate the present application, the application of dimethyl sulfoxide provided by the present application in reducing plant cadmium stress and / or increasing plant yield is described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Under no cadmium stress, suitable DMSO test concentrations are screened, which consist of the following steps:

[0037] Experiment time: March to May 2022.

[0038] Test plants: small cabbage, variety is short Shanghai green.

[0039] Experimental procedure: 1) The Chinese cabbage seeds were sowed in a seedling tray after sterilization. The average day and night temperature in the seedling room was 22±3°C, and the relative humidity was 70±5%. When the Chinese cabbage seedlings grew 1-2 true leaves, they were transferred to a large pot containing Hoagland nutrient solution. After 10 days of pre-culture, the seedlings were adapted to the water culture environment, and the plants with uniform growth were selected. The selected plants were used in each treatment of Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0040] 2) The plants selected in step 1) were transferred to a small pot containing 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution, and 4 plants were transplanted in each small pot. The following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 2 mmol / L.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The difference from Example 1 is that step 2) in the experimental procedure: the following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 4 mmol / L.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that step 2) in the experimental procedure: the following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 6 mmol / L.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that step 2) in the experimental procedure: the following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 8 mmol / L.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that step 2) in the experimental procedure: the following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 10 mmol / L.

[0049] Example 6

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that step 2) in the experimental procedure: the following treatment was made in the small pot of 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 12 mmol / L.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that during the experiment, step 2) is as follows: 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: no DMSO is added to the nutrient solution.

[0053] Results: Each concentration in Example 1-Example 6 and Comparative Example 1 is treated once, and each treatment is repeated three times in parallel. During the treatment of pakchoi, the nutrient solution is replaced every 4 days, and the solution is stirred 3 times a day (i.e., once every 8 hours). After 32 days, the aboveground parts of the pakchoi are weighed, and the results are shown in Table 1. Figure 1 (A is the effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the fresh weight of pakchoi; B is the effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the growth phenotype of pakchoi. In Figure 1 A of Table 1, CK represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Comparative Example 1; 2 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 1; 4 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 2; 6 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 3; 8 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 4; 10 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 5; and 12 mmol / L represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 6) and Table 1.

[0054] Table 1 Effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the fresh weight of pakchoi

[0055]

[0056] As can be seen from Table 1 and Figure 1 It can be seen that low concentrations of DMSO (≤6 mmol / L) promote the growth of pakchoi, and the fresh weight of pakchoi treated with 2 mmol / L and 4 mmol / L of DMSO increases significantly compared with the CK group (P<0.05); while high concentrations of DMSO (≥8 mM) have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of pakchoi Figure 1 ). Exogenous DMSO shows a "low promotion and high inhibition" trend in the growth and development of pakchoi. Therefore, under the condition of no Cd stress, the appropriate concentration of DMSO for promoting the growth of pakchoi is in the range of >0 and ≤6 mmol / L, and high concentrations (≥8 mmol / L) of DMSO are not conducive to the growth of pakchoi.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] Under the stress of cadmium, the appropriate DMSO test concentration is screened by the following steps:

[0059] The difference from Example 1 is that during the experiment, step 2) is as follows: 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: the nutrient solution contains Cd (4mg / L), and DMSO is added to the nutrient solution, so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution is 1mmol / L.

[0060] Example 8

[0061] The difference from Example 7 is that during the experiment, step 2): 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: the nutrient solution contains Cd (4mg / L), and DMSO is added to the nutrient solution, so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution is 2mmol / L.

[0062] Example 9

[0063] The difference from Example 7 is that during the experiment, step 2): 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: the nutrient solution contains Cd (4mg / L), and DMSO is added to the nutrient solution, so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution is 3mmol / L.

[0064] Example 10

[0065] The difference from Example 7 is that during the experiment, step 2): 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: the nutrient solution contains Cd (4mg / L), and DMSO is added to the nutrient solution, so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution is 4mmol / L.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The difference from Example 7 is that during the experiment, step 2): 1L of Hoagland nutrient solution in a small basin is treated as follows: the nutrient solution contains Cd (4mg / L).

[0068] Results: Each concentration is 1 treatment in Example 7-Example 10 and Comparative Example 2, and each treatment is repeated three times in parallel. During the treatment of pakchoi, the nutrient solution is replaced every 4 days, and the pakchoi is stirred 3 times a day (i.e. once every 8 hours), and the aboveground part of the pakchoi is weighed after 32 days. The results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 2 , in Figure 2 , A is the effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the fresh weight of pakchoi under cadmium stress; B is the effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the growth phenotype of pakchoi under cadmium stress; in Figure 2 , A, Cd represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Comparative Example 2; DSO1 represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 7; DSO2 represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 8; DSO3 represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 9; DSO4 represents the fresh weight of pakchoi in Example 10.

[0069] Table 2 Effect of different concentrations of DMSO on the fresh weight of pakchoi under cadmium stress

[0070]

[0071] From Figure 2As can be seen from Table 2, under the same concentration of Cd stress treatment, the addition of 1 mmol / L and 2 mmol / L concentration of DMSO significantly alleviates the inhibition of Cd on the growth of pakchoi, and the fresh weight of pakchoi is increased by 25.16% and 32.82% respectively compared with the single Cd treatment; but with the increase of DMSO concentration, the effect of alleviating the inhibition of Cd on the growth of pakchoi is weakened, and even cooperates with Cd to inhibit the growth of pakchoi. Figure 2 ) It can be seen that under Cd stress, the optimal concentration of exogenous DMSO is > 0 and ≤ 2 mmol / L.

[0072] Application Example 1

[0073] Selecting Comparative Example 1: DMSO (0 mmol / L) as CK group, selecting Example 1: DMSO (2 mmol / L), Example 7: Cd (4 mg / L) + DMSO (2 mmol / L) and Comparative Example 2: Cd (4 mg / L) pakchoi for data statistics and analysis.

[0074] During the treatment of pakchoi, the nutrient solution was replaced every 4 days, and stirred 3 times a day (i.e. stirred once every 8 hours). After 24 days of treatment, it was quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in a -80℃ ultra-low temperature refrigerator for standby. Finally, the test became a completely random design, with 3 repeats (n = 3) for each test.

[0075] Measurement content and method:

[0076] Leaf area: randomly select 3 functional leaves, measure the leaf area using the drawing shape number method, calculate the average value, form a treatment, and repeat 3 times for each treatment.

[0077] Plant height: randomly select 3 plants for each treatment, measure the plant height with a standard ruler, calculate the average value, form a treatment, and repeat 3 times for each treatment.

[0078] Aboveground and underground fresh weight: immediately weigh the total fresh weight (FW) of 3 plants after harvesting and drying the surface moisture, calculate the average value, form a treatment, and repeat 3 times for each treatment.

[0079] Aboveground and underground dry weight: first wrap the aboveground or underground part with envelope paper bag and place it in the oven. First bake at 105℃ for 30 minutes, then set 70-80℃ to continue baking for 24 hours to determine the constant dry weight (DW). Take the average value of 3 plants for each treatment to form a treatment, and repeat 3 times for each treatment.

[0080] Root growth index: root morphology index is determined by root scanner, recording total root length, root average diameter, root surface area (SA), root volume (VOL) and root health. At least 6 root parameters are recorded for each treatment.

[0081] Cadmium content determination: 0.2 g of small cabbage sample was placed in a Teflon digestion tank, 5 L of nitric acid was added, and after standing reaction, the bottle cap was sealed and placed in a microwave digestion instrument (specifically ETHOS ONE microwave digestion instrument, purchased from Beijing Labotai Instrument Co., Ltd.) for sufficient digestion. When the temperature drops below 50°C, the digestion tank is carefully taken out and placed in a fume hood. Then open the digestion tank, rinse 3-4 times with ultrapure water, transfer all the rinse liquid to a 50 mL volumetric flask, finally dilute with ultrapure water and dilute to 50 mL scale line before measurement. The parameters of the ICP-MS instrument are as follows: RF power (1550 W), pump speed (40 rpm), S / C temperature (2.7°C), Smpl depth (5 mm), cooling flow (14 L / min), auxiliary flow (0.5 L / min). Auxiliary flow (0.8 L / min), atomizer flow (0.9 L / min).

[0082] Active oxygen level determination: After the sample was sampled with liquid nitrogen, the sample was ground into powder with a freezer grinder. According to the method of hydrogen peroxide detection kit, the content of H2O2 was determined (hydrogen peroxide detection kit was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Biological Engineering Institute, product model A064-1-1); according to the method of superoxide anion detection kit, the content of superoxide anion O2· - was determined (purchased from China Solabio, product model BC1290).

[0083] Results and data analysis

[0084] Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation of three parallel experiments, and Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS22.0 software were used for data processing and statistical analysis. After data statistical analysis, Orgin 2018 software was used for drawing. Compared with the control CK, *P<0.05, **P<0.01; compared with the Cd group, #P<0.05, ##P<0.01.

[0085] 1) Effect of DMSO on growth indicators of small cabbage under Cd stress, the results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 3 .

[0086] Table 3 Fresh weight and dry weight of aboveground part, fresh weight and dry weight of underground part, plant height and leaf area of small cabbage

[0087]

[0088] From Figure 3It was found that Cd stress significantly affected the growth and development of pakchoi. Compared with the control (CK), Cd stress alone significantly reduced the aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, plant height, and leaf area by 61.36%, 55.13%, 23.23%, and 42.33%, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with Cd treatment alone, the Cd group with exogenous DMSO added increased the aboveground and underground fresh weight, plant height, and leaf area by 64.87%, 42.86%, 19.8%, and 54.62%, respectively (P<0.05). Compared with the control (CK), the DMSO treatment alone increased the aboveground fresh weight, underground dry weight, plant height, and leaf area by 19.98%, 60%, 17.81%, and 34.67%, respectively (Table 1) (P<0.05). It is evident that the addition of 2 mmol / L DMSO has a positive effect on plant growth and can significantly alleviate the inhibition of plant growth by Cd stress.

[0089] 2) Effects of DMSO on root growth indices of pak choi under Cd stress, results are shown in Table 4 and . Figure 4 .

[0090] Table 4 Indicators of Root Growth in Chinese Cabbage

[0091]

[0092] From Table 4 and Figure 4 It was found that Cd stress significantly inhibited the root growth of pak choi, resulting in a reduction in lateral roots and root mass. Root scan analysis revealed that, compared to the control group (CK), the Cd-only treatment group showed significantly reduced root length, average root diameter, root surface area, root mass, and root health (Table 4) (P<0.05). This indicates that Cd drastically inhibited root growth in pak choi. Compared to the Cd-only treatment group, exogenous DMSO significantly increased root length and root surface area (P<0.05). Furthermore, compared to the control group (CK), exogenous DMSO also significantly increased root length, root mass, and root health in pak choi (P<0.05).

[0093] 3) The effects of DMSO on cadmium accumulation and reactive oxygen species levels under Cd stress are shown in Table 5. Figure 5 (in, Figure 5 In this table, A represents the Cd content in bok choy leaves; B represents the Cd content in bok choy roots; C represents the H2O2 content in bok choy leaves; D represents the H2O2 content in bok choy roots; and E represents the O2 content in bok choy leaves. - Content; E represents the O2 content in the root of bok choy. - content).

[0094] Table 5. Cadmium accumulation and reactive oxygen species content in the roots and leaves of Chinese cabbage.

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] As shown in Table 5 and Figure 5 It can be seen that, compared with Cd treatment alone, the Cd content in the leaves of pak choi treated with exogenous DMSO was significantly reduced by 9.82%, and the Cd content in the roots was significantly reduced by 28.83% (P<0.05). In contrast, no Cd was detected in the control group (CK) or the DMSO-treated group alone. Figure 5 (As shown in A and B in the diagram). Compared with the control group (CK), the H2O2 content in the leaves and roots of pak choi increased significantly by 35.46% and 62.53% respectively under Cd treatment alone, while the O2 content in the leaves and roots increased significantly. - The contents increased significantly by 584.65% and 80.51%, respectively. Figure 5 (As shown in C~F). Compared with the Cd treatment group, the H2O2 content in the leaves and roots of pakchoi in the Cd group with exogenous DMSO addition was significantly reduced by 25.76% and 23.49%, respectively. Figure 5 (As shown in C~F), O2· in the leaves and roots of bok choy - The contents decreased significantly by 83.38% and 31.27%, respectively (P<0.05). Figure 5 (As shown in E and F in the diagram). Thus, DMSO reduces Cd-induced oxidative damage by lowering the level of reactive oxygen species induced by Cd.

[0098] Application Example 2

[0099] Experiment period: March to May 2023.

[0100] Time-related items: Chinese cabbage (Xiayangzao 50 variety) and lettuce (Zhongshou series Italian year-round lettuce king variety).

[0101] Experimental Procedure: 1) After disinfection, Chinese cabbage and lettuce seeds were sown in seedling trays. The average day-night temperature in the seedling room was 22±3℃, and the relative humidity was 70±5%. When the Chinese cabbage and lettuce seedlings had 1-2 true leaves, they were transferred to large pots containing Hogland's nutrient solution. After 10 days of pre-culture to allow the seedlings to adapt to the hydroponic environment, plants with uniform growth were selected. The selected plants were used in various treatments.

[0102] 2) DMSO directly added to the nutrient solution treatment of Chinese cabbage seedlings: Chinese cabbage seedlings screened in step 1) were transferred to a large pot containing 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution, and 4 seedlings were transplanted in each large pot. The 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution in the large pot was treated as follows: DMSO was added to the nutrient solution so that the final concentration of DMSO in the nutrient solution was 0.7 mmol / L and 1.4 mmol / L, and the direct addition treatment was performed. During the treatment, the nutrient solution was replaced every 7 days, and the corresponding concentration of DMSO was added to the nutrient solution to make the final concentration 0.7 mmol / L and 1.4 mmol / L;

[0103] 3) DMSO directly added to the nutrient solution treatment of lettuce seedlings: The difference from step 2) is that the lettuce seedlings screened in step 1) were transferred to a large pot containing 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution;

[0104] 4) DMSO treatment of Chinese cabbage seedlings by foliar spraying: The difference from step 2) is that DMSO was not added to the 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution in the large pot. During the foliar spraying treatment, DMSO solution (the concentration of DMSO solution was 0.7 mmol / L and 1.4 mmol / L) was sprayed every 2 days, and the spraying amount was 50 mL / time;

[0105] 5) DMSO treatment of lettuce seedlings by foliar spraying: The difference from step 4) is that the lettuce seedlings screened in step 1) were transferred to a large pot containing 1 L of Hoagland nutrient solution;

[0106] 6) Control group: Chinese cabbage and lettuce groups treated without DMSO solution were used as controls.

[0107] Results and analysis

[0108] After 32 days of the above treatment, the plant height, root length, leaf number, aboveground fresh weight, and underground fresh weight of each group were measured. Finally, the test became a completely randomized design, and each test was repeated 3 times (n = 3), and the results are shown in Tables 6 and 7.

[0109] Table 6 Plant morphological indexes of Chinese cabbage after different DMSO treatment methods

[0110]

[0111] Table 7 Plant morphological indexes of lettuce after different DMSO treatment methods

[0112]

[0113] As shown in Table 6 and Table 7, whether added directly or sprayed on the leaves, the application of DMSO solution with appropriate concentration to the plants promoted the growth of the plants, and the plant height, root length and leaf number all showed significant (P<0.05) increase, especially the fresh weight of the aboveground part and the fresh weight of the underground part of the plants. Compared with the CK control group, after the application of 0.7 mmol / L DMSO, the fresh weight (the total amount of the fresh weight of the aboveground part and the fresh weight of the underground part) of the Chinese cabbage seedlings was significantly increased by 57.04% to 294.39%, and after the application of 1.4 mmol / L DMSO, the fresh weight (the total amount of the fresh weight of the aboveground part and the fresh weight of the underground part) of the Chinese cabbage seedlings was significantly increased by 69.19% to 164.26%; after the application of 0.7 mmol / L DMSO, the fresh weight (the total amount of the fresh weight of the aboveground part and the fresh weight of the underground part) of the lettuce seedlings was significantly increased by 43.37% to 113.26%, and after the application of 1.4 mmol / L DMSO, the fresh weight (the total amount of the fresh weight of the aboveground part and the fresh weight of the underground part) of the lettuce seedlings was significantly increased by 129.49% to 168.53%.

[0114] In summary, the application of dimethyl sulfoxide solution to the plants not only reduces the cadmium stress of the plants, but also promotes the increase of the yield of the plants.

[0115] Although the above embodiments have made a detailed description of the present application, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments, and people can also obtain other embodiments according to the present embodiments without creativity, and these embodiments all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Use of dimethyl sulfoxide in reducing cadmium stress in plants; the plant is one or more of pakchoi, Chinese cabbage and lettuce; the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is > 0 and ≤ 2 mmol / L.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that, the reducing cadmium stress in plants comprises one or more of reducing cadmium uptake by roots of the plants under cadmium stress, reducing reactive oxygen species content of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root volume of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing fresh weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing plant height of the plants under cadmium stress, and increasing leaf area of the plants under cadmium stress.

3. A method of reducing cadmium stress in a plant, characterized in that, comprises: applying a dimethyl sulfoxide solution to the plants; the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is > 0 and ≤ 2 mmol / L; the plant is one or more of pakchoi, Chinese cabbage and lettuce.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, the concentration of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution is 2 mmol / L.

5. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, the applying comprises foliar spraying.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, when the planting mode is nutrient solution culture, the applying comprises directly adding the dimethyl sulfoxide to the nutrient solution.

7. The method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, the solvent of the dimethyl sulfoxide solution comprises water.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein, the reducing cadmium stress in plants comprises one or more of reducing cadmium uptake by roots of the plants under cadmium stress, reducing reactive oxygen species content of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing root volume of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing fresh weight of the plants under cadmium stress, increasing plant height of the plants under cadmium stress, and increasing leaf area of the plants under cadmium stress.

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