A high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover assembly device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of manhole structures for pressure vessels, and discloses a high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover assembly device, comprising a manhole cover and a support beam radially fixed to the inner side of a spherical head of the manhole, a guide shaft detachably connected to the support beam, the guide shaft being arranged parallel to the axis of the manhole, the end of the guide shaft being detachably connected to the spherical head outside the manhole, a sliding sleeve connected to the side end of the manhole cover, the sliding sleeve being sleeved on the guide shaft, and the spacing between the axis of the manhole cover and the axis of the guide shaft being equal to the spacing between the axis of the guide shaft and the axis of the manhole. The present invention can solve the problems of existing pressure vessel manhole cover assembly requiring the coordination of multiple devices to complete multiple positions, the complex operation, the inability of one person to complete the assembly, the low installation efficiency, and the high installation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of manhole structures of pressure vessels, and in particular to a high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembling device. Background Art

[0002] In petrochemical and metallurgical industries, there are many high-pressure pressure vessels, which often use internal pressure high-pressure manholes. This type of manhole is a self-tightening manhole. The manhole cover is pressed outward by the internal pressure of the container. The higher the pressure, the more reliable the seal. It is often used on vertical containers. However, during the manufacturing stage, the total height of the equipment usually reaches 8-9 meters, which is not convenient for vertical installation. Therefore, structures such as manhole covers are usually assembled horizontally. However, the manhole cover is thick (130-170mm) and heavy (200-300Kg), making it difficult to assemble. Reference for the installation process of existing manhole structures Figure 1 As shown: under the action of external force, it switches from position state one to position state two, which is a vertical state. In position state three, a long lever is required to provide support to prevent it from returning to position state one under the action of gravity, and a heavy object is required to balance the weight of the manhole cover. The lever is then provided with pulling force and fulcrum by a crane. At least two people are required to collaborate in the installation, which is very inconvenient, has low installation efficiency, and high installation cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover assembly device to solve the problem that the existing pressure vessel manhole cover assembly requires the cooperation of multiple equipment to complete multiple position states, the operation is complicated, it cannot be completed by one person, the installation efficiency is low, and the installation cost is high.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device, comprising a manhole cover and a support beam radially fixed to the inner side of the manhole spherical head, the support beam being detachably connected to a guide shaft, the guide shaft being arranged parallel to the axis of the manhole, the end of the guide shaft being detachably connected to the spherical head outside the manhole, the side end of the manhole cover being connected to a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve being sleeved on the guide shaft, and the distance between the axis of the manhole cover and the axis of the guide shaft being equal to the distance between the axis of the guide shaft and the axis of the manhole.

[0005] Preferably, as an improvement, an axial hole and a positioning hole perpendicular to the axial hole are opened on the support beam, the bottom end of the guide shaft is inserted into the axial hole, a through hole is provided on the guide shaft corresponding to the positioning hole, and a connecting piece is passed through the positioning hole radially.

[0006] Preferably, as an improvement, the support beam is a hollow structure, a reinforcing rib plate is provided inside the support beam, the reinforcing rib plate is provided with a through hole, and the connecting piece passes through the through hole.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, a polytetrafluoroethylene pad is provided on the guide shaft between the sliding sleeve and the support beam.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, an axial traction structure is provided on the guide shaft.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the axial traction structure is a radial blind hole opened on the guide shaft.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the axial traction structure is a threaded hole opened at the bottom end of the guide shaft.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, a slot is provided on the inner wall of the spherical head outside the manhole, and the top end of the guide shaft is inserted into the slot.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the diameter of the guide shaft in the axial hole and the slot is larger than the diameter of the guide shaft in the section between the axial hole and the slot.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, both the end face and the side face of the manhole cover are provided with connection points.

[0014] The principle of this solution is as follows: In actual application, a support beam and guide shaft form an L-shaped support and guide structure within the spherical head where the manhole is located. The support beam provides radial support, and the guide shaft provides axial support. The manhole cover slides on and rotates around the guide shaft via a sliding sleeve. During the horizontal assembly of the manhole cover, the support beam, guide shaft, and manhole cover are initially positioned at the bottom, with the support beam and guide shaft positioned at 6 o'clock, and the manhole cover suspended below the manhole. The roller-supported rotating container then rotates the support beam and guide shaft to 12 o'clock. At this point, the manhole cover, under the action of its own gravity and the mutual rotation between the sliding sleeve and guide shaft, hangs in the middle of the spherical head, with the manhole cover aligned with the manhole axis. Then, the manhole cover can be pulled outward along the guide shaft by connecting the pull rope through the connection point on the end face of the manhole cover. Under the guidance of the guide shaft and the sliding sleeve, the pulling process can be completed by one person. After the manhole cover is tightened inside the manhole, the manhole cover can be locked through the traditional restraining ring and connecting bolts to complete the assembly of the manhole cover.

[0015] The advantages of this solution include:

[0016] 1. After the high-voltage equipment is manufactured, horizontal installation of the manhole cover becomes simple. The manhole cover is supported and guided by support beams, guide shafts, and sliding sleeves. The manhole cover's own weight is used to automatically adjust its position during assembly. The manhole cover can be rotated around the guide shaft and gravity is used, making it easy for one person to operate. No traditional levers are required, and the manhole cover can be assembled internally. No external lifting equipment is required, resulting in fewer equipment, simpler operation, higher efficiency, and lower costs.

[0017] 2. The structure is simple. After the high-voltage equipment is installed in place (vertical use), it is also convenient to disassemble the manhole cover. The cover can be rotated along the guide shaft to make way for the detection channel. It is easy to operate, greatly reduces labor intensity, and has low cost.

[0018] 3. Drill holes inside the spherical head to form slots to install the guide shaft, saving mounting seats and axial space, and making the hanging point of the manhole cover vertically collinear with the center of gravity of the manhole cover to ensure that the manhole cover will not deflect during installation.

[0019] 4. Through the design of the guide shaft and sliding sleeve, the manhole cover is automatically adjusted into place, and only one person is needed to complete the assembly, saving labor costs.

[0020] 5. The guide shaft adopts a variable diameter structure with large ends and small middle, so that there is a certain gap between the sliding sleeve and the guide shaft, which is more conducive to the smooth movement of the sliding sleeve on the guide shaft.

[0021] 6. The use of PTFE pads can reduce the friction resistance between the sliding sleeve and the support beam when the manhole cover rotates during assembly and use, reducing the wear of the sliding sleeve and the support beam.

[0022] 7. The guide shaft and the spherical cover are plug-in connected, which makes the positioning of the guide shaft simple and reliable.

[0023] 8. A through-connector is used to position the guide shaft and the support beam, so that the guide shaft can be disassembled. Combined with the axial traction structure on the guide shaft, the guide shaft can be disassembled, assembled and replaced, which is more conducive to the maintenance or replacement of the guide shaft during long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the horizontal installation process of the manhole structure in the prior art.

[0025] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 4 2 is a top view of a support beam in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the connection between the support beam and the guide shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 2 is a comparison diagram of the positioning core shaft and the guide shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure vessel using a high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of horizontally installing a manhole cover according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0033] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: spherical head 1, tightening bolt 2, restraining ring 3, manhole cover 4, manhole 5, socket 6, sleeve 7, guide shaft 8, wire hole 81, positioning hole 82, pulling hole 83, support beam 9, rib plate 91, shaft hole 92, reinforcing rib plate 93, channel steel 94, steel plate 95, positioning core shaft 10, Teflon gasket 11, pin shaft 12, cylinder 13.

[0034] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown: A high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover assembly device, comprising a manhole cover 4 and a support beam 9 radially welded and fixed to the inner side of the spherical head 1 of the manhole 5. The length of the support beam 9 is less than the radius of the spherical head 1. Figure 4 As shown, the support beam 9 is made of a channel steel 94 and a steel plate 95 welded together. The steel plate 95 closes the opening of the channel steel 94. Several ribs 91 are welded inside the channel steel 94 along the length direction. An axial hole 92 is opened at one end of the support beam 9 to pass through the channel steel 94 and the steel plate 95. Reinforcement ribs 93 welded to the channel steel 94 are provided on both sides of the axial hole 92. Through holes are opened on the side plates of the channel steel 94 and the reinforcement ribs 93. A pin 12 is passed through the through holes. Figure 3 、 Figure 5 As shown, a guide shaft 8 is detachably connected to the support beam 9. The guide shaft 8 is arranged parallel to the axis of the manhole 5. A socket 6 is provided on the spherical head 1 outside the manhole 5, and the top end of the guide shaft 8 is inserted into the socket 6. A radial through hole is provided at the bottom end of the guide shaft 8 and is inserted into the axial hole 92 of the support beam 9. The support beam 9 and the guide shaft 8 are connected by a pin 12 to perform axial positioning of the guide shaft 8. A wire hole 81 is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the guide shaft 8, and a pulling hole 83 is provided on the guide shaft 8 above the support beam 9. A sliding sleeve 7 is welded to the side end of the manhole cover 4, and the sliding sleeve 7 is sleeved on the guide shaft 8, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the diameter of the guide shaft 8 within the axial hole 92 and the insertion hole 6 is larger than the diameter of the guide shaft 8 between the axial hole 92 and the insertion hole 6, allowing a gap to exist between the sliding sleeve 7 and the middle of the guide shaft 8, allowing for smooth sliding. A polytetrafluoroethylene gasket 11 is fitted over the guide shaft 8 between the sliding sleeve 7 and the support beam 9. The end and side surfaces of the manhole cover 4 are provided with threaded holes as connection points. The distance between the axis of the manhole cover 4 and the axis of the guide shaft 8 is equal to the distance between the axis of the guide shaft 8 and the axis of the manhole 5.

[0035] The present invention also provides a pressure vessel using a high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover 4, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a spherical head 1 with a manhole 5, and the spherical head 1 is provided with the above-mentioned high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover 4 assembly device, a restraining ring 3 is installed at the opening of the manhole 5, and the restraining ring 3 is connected to the tightening bolt 2. The other end of the tightening bolt 2 is connected to the threaded hole on the end face of the manhole cover 4, so that the manhole cover 4 is tightened on the inner side of the manhole 5.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for assembling a high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover 4, comprising the following steps:

[0037] 1. Preparation of assembly device parts:

[0038] 1.1. Take a channel steel 94 and weld multiple ribs 91 along the length of the channel steel 94. Weld a steel plate 95 to the opening of the channel steel 94 to form a support beam 9. At one end of the support beam 9, define an axial hole 92 that passes through the channel steel 94 and the steel plate 95. Weld two reinforcing ribs 93 perpendicular to the ribs 91 on both sides of the axial hole 92. Define a through hole that passes through the side plates of the channel steel 94 and the reinforcing ribs 93.

[0039] 1.2. Prepare the positioning mandrel 10 and the guide shaft 8, and combine Figure 6 As shown, the positioning mandrel 10 is a circular shaft of equal diameter, the top of the positioning mandrel 10 is processed into a truncated cone shape, a radially through positioning hole 82 and a radial pulling hole 83 are provided at the bottom of the positioning mandrel 10, and a thread hole 81 is processed in the middle of the bottom surface of the positioning mandrel 10; the structure and size of the guide shaft 8 are the same as those of the positioning mandrel 10, except that the diameter of the middle section of the guide shaft 8 is turned 0.3 mm smaller;

[0040] 1.3. Prepare the manhole cover 4. Machine threaded holes on both end faces of the manhole cover 4. Weld a cylindrical sleeve 7 to the side end of the manhole cover 4. The sleeve 7 is parallel to the axis of the manhole cover 4. The inner diameter of the sleeve 7 and the diameter of the positioning core shaft 10 are clearance-matched. The length of the sleeve 7 is less than the thickness of the manhole cover 4 to ensure that the sleeve 7 does not contact the inner wall of the spherical head 1 after the manhole cover 4 is assembled.

[0041] 2. Install the assembly device:

[0042] 2.1. During the pressure vessel manufacturing process, before the spherical head 1 is welded to the vessel cylinder 13, a connection point is determined on the inner wall of the spherical head 1, with the axis of the manhole 5 as the reference and the sum of the radius of the manhole cover 4, the wall thickness of the sleeve 7, and the radius of the positioning mandrel 10 as the length. A blind hole is drilled at the connection point to serve as the insertion hole 6. A clearance tolerance is applied between the diameter of the insertion hole 6 and the diameter of the positioning mandrel 10. The frustum end of the positioning mandrel 10 is inserted into the insertion hole 6, ensuring that the distance between the axis of the manhole cover 4 and the axis of the guide shaft 8 is equal to the distance between the axis of the guide shaft 8 and the axis of the manhole 5.

[0043] 2.2. With one end of the support beam 9 facing the inner wall of the spherical head 1, the other end is sleeved onto the positioning core shaft 10 through the shaft hole 92. Pass the pin 12 through the through hole on the support beam 9 and the positioning hole 82 on the positioning core shaft 10 to connect the support beam 9 to the positioning core shaft 10. Place the support beam 9 along the radial direction of the spherical head 1 and weld the support beam 9 to the inner wall of the spherical head 1.

[0044] 2.3. Connect the lifting ear to the threaded hole 81 at the end of the positioning core shaft 10, remove the pin 12, pull out the positioning core shaft 10, remove the manhole cover 4, guide shaft 8 and PTFE gasket 11, and insert the frustum end of the guide shaft 8 into the socket 6 through the shaft hole 92, PTFE gasket 11 and sleeve 7 in sequence, and connect the support beam 9 to the guide shaft 8 with the pin 12.

[0045] 3. Horizontal manhole cover 4, such as Figure 8 As shown, after the spherical head 1 is welded to the pressure vessel cylinder 13, the manhole cover 4 is assembled horizontally:

[0046] 3.1. Place the pressure vessel horizontally on two side-by-side rollers. Initially, the manhole cover 4 is located at the bottom under the action of gravity, and the support beam 9 and guide shaft 8 are both located below the manhole 5, exposing the manhole 5.

[0047] 3.2. The roller is driven by a motor with a check function, causing the pressure vessel to rotate, turning the support beam 9 and guide shaft 8 to the upper vertex. The roller stops rotating to stabilize the pressure vessel and no longer rotate. The manhole cover 4 is lifted upward by the guide shaft 8 through the sliding sleeve 7. However, the manhole cover 4 remains suspended below the guide shaft 8 under the action of gravity. At this time, the manhole cover 4 is automatically coaxially aligned with the manhole 5.

[0048] 3.3. After the manhole cover 4 is stabilized, the lifting lugs and the cable are connected to its end face. Only one worker needs to pull the cable to pull the manhole cover 4 along the guide shaft 8 to the manhole 5 assembly position. The restraining ring 3 is installed at the outer end of the manhole 5, and the restraining ring 3 and the manhole cover 4 are connected with the tensioning bolts 2. The manhole cover 4 is tightened and fixed, and the cable and the lifting lug are removed to complete the horizontal assembly of the manhole cover 4.

[0049] During the welding process of the spherical head 1 to the pressure vessel cylinder 13, in order to prevent the movement of the manhole cover 4 from affecting the welding, a threaded hole can be machined on the side of the manhole cover 4 to connect to the lifting lug, and a steel cable can be tied to the lifting lug. The steel cable is temporarily welded to the spherical head 1 to temporarily fix the manhole cover 4. During the use of the pressure vessel, the position of the manhole cover 4 can also be adjusted by connecting the lifting lug on the side of the manhole cover 4 to the threaded hole, so that the manhole 5 can be left open for workers to enter and exit.

[0050] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the description can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-pressure internal pressure manhole cover assembly device, characterized in that: The manhole cover comprises a manhole cover and a support beam fixed radially to the inner side of the manhole spherical head. The support beam is detachably connected to a guide shaft, the guide shaft is arranged parallel to the axis of the manhole, the end of the guide shaft is detachably connected to the spherical head outside the manhole, the side end of the manhole cover is connected to a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the guide shaft, and the distance between the axis of the manhole cover and the axis of the guide shaft is equal to the distance between the axis of the guide shaft and the axis of the manhole; The support beam is provided with an axial hole and a positioning hole perpendicular to the axial hole, the bottom end of the guide shaft is inserted into the axial hole, the guide shaft is provided with a through hole aligned with the positioning hole, and the positioning hole is provided with a connecting piece that radially passes through the through hole; For horizontal installation of manhole cover, the spherical head is welded to the pressure vessel cylinder and then the manhole cover is assembled horizontally. The specific assembly steps of the manhole cover are as follows: S1. Place the pressure vessel horizontally on two rollers arranged side by side. Initially, the manhole cover is located at the bottom under the action of gravity, and the support beam and guide shaft are located below the manhole, so that the manhole is exposed. S2. The roller is driven by a motor with a check function to rotate, causing the pressure vessel to rotate, turning the support beam and guide shaft to the upper vertex. The roller stops rotating to stabilize the pressure vessel and no longer rotate. The manhole cover is lifted upward by the guide shaft through the sliding sleeve, but the manhole cover remains suspended below the guide shaft under the action of gravity. At this time, the manhole cover is automatically aligned coaxially with the manhole. S3. After the manhole cover is stabilized, connect the lifting lugs and the cable at its end face. Only one worker needs to pull the cable to pull the manhole cover along the guide shaft to the manhole assembly position. Install the restraining ring at the outer end of the manhole, connect the restraining ring and the manhole cover with the tensioning bolts, tighten and fix the manhole cover, remove the cable and lifting lug, and complete the horizontal assembly of the manhole cover.

2. A high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support beam is a hollow structure, a reinforcing rib plate is provided inside the support beam, the reinforcing rib plate is provided with a through hole, and the connecting piece passes through the through hole.

3. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PTFE pad is sleeved on the guide shaft between the sliding sleeve and the support beam.

4. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial traction structure is provided on the guide shaft.

5. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axial traction structure is a radial blind hole opened on the guide shaft.

6. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axial traction structure is a threaded hole opened at the bottom end of the guide shaft.

7. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot is provided on the inner wall of the spherical sealing head outside the manhole, and the top end of the guide shaft is plugged into the slot.

8. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The diameter of the guide shaft in the shaft hole and the slot is larger than the diameter of the guide shaft in the section between the shaft hole and the slot.

9. The high-pressure internal-pressure manhole cover assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole cover is provided with connection points on the end and side faces.

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