A preparation device and method for ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of ultrafine polyester filament preparation, and in particular to a device and method for preparing ultrafine denier flame-retardant polyester filament. The preparation device includes a melt discharging mechanism, a spinning mechanism, a cooling and forming mechanism, and a winding mechanism arranged in sequence along the preparation steps. The spinning mechanism includes a spinning box and a spinneret assembly detachably mounted on the spinning box. The spinneret assembly and the spinning box are detachably mounted to facilitate cleaning of blockages. In addition, a heater is arranged in the spinning box to preheat the heating chamber where a metering pump is installed, and to maintain a high temperature state of the metering pump during the preparation and production process, thereby maintaining a molten state of the polymer raw material passing through the metering pump as much as possible and reducing the occurrence of blockages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ultrafine polyester filament preparation, and in particular to a device and method for preparing ultrafine denier flame-retardant polyester filament. Background Art

[0002] Ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament is a polymer material with excellent tensile strength, heat resistance and flame retardant properties. Its spinning production requires the application of proprietary equipment and processes to ensure product quality, thereby guaranteeing the tensile strength and elongation at break of the fiber.

[0003] In existing technology, polymer raw materials are typically fed into a heating box through an extruder for heating and melting. The material is then extruded and fed into a metering pump, which controls and ensures a stable flow of the polymer melt into the spinning box for spinning. However, polymer raw materials are prone to solidification in the molten state, which can cause clogging of the metering pump, affecting spinning and production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to alleviate the problem that molten polymer raw materials are easily solidified and cause blockage affecting spinning and production, the present application provides a device and method for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filaments.

[0005] The present application provides a device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filaments using the following technical solutions:

[0006] A preparation device for ultrafine denier flame-retardant polyester filament comprises a melt discharging mechanism, a spinning mechanism, a cooling and forming mechanism and a winding mechanism which are sequentially arranged along the preparation steps, the spinning mechanism comprising a spinning box and a spinneret assembly detachably mounted on the spinning box, wherein: a heating chamber is provided on the spinning box, a heater for heating the air in the heating chamber is provided in the spinning box, a connecting pipe is fixedly provided on the spinning box, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the melt discharging mechanism, and the other end is located in the heating chamber and connected to the spinneret assembly; the spinneret assembly comprises a sealing plate capable of sealing the heating chamber, a discharge pipe fixed on the sealing plate, a metering pump connected to one end of the discharge pipe and a spinneret connected to the other end of the discharge pipe, the metering pump and the spinneret are located on both sides of the sealing plate, when the sealing plate seals the heating chamber, the metering pump is located in the heating chamber and connected to the connecting pipe, the spinneret is located outside the spinning box, a pressure relief valve for monitoring the air pressure in the heating chamber is fixedly provided on the sealing plate, the pressure relief valve is preset with a maximum threshold and a minimum threshold, and the pressure relief valve is electrically connected to the heater.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a heater is built into the spinning box, which can heat the air in the heating chamber where the metering pump is installed. The temperature of the metering pump is increased through heat exchange, and the molten polymer raw material is kept in a molten state and its solidification is slowed down, thereby reducing the occurrence of blockage of the metering pump, connecting pipe, discharge pipe and spinneret before spinning. A sealing plate is provided in the spinneret assembly to seal the heating chamber, slowing down the rapid loss of high-temperature gas in the heating chamber and ensuring the heating effect. The spinneret assembly and the spinning box are detachable and easy to install, which is also convenient for maintenance and cleaning of blockages.

[0008] In addition, a pressure relief valve electrically connected to the heater is provided on the sealing plate. The pressure relief valve monitors the air pressure in the heating chamber. The pressure relief valve is preset with a maximum threshold and a minimum threshold. Generally speaking, according to the gas state equation: P=nRT / V, after the sealing plate seals the heating chamber, the volume of the heating chamber remains unchanged, the air content remains unchanged, that is, the values ​​of V and n remain unchanged, and R is a constant coefficient. Therefore, the air pressure P is directly proportional to the air temperature T. The higher the air temperature in the heating chamber, the higher the air pressure. The size of the air pressure can reflect the air temperature. When the pressure relief valve monitors that the air pressure in the heating chamber is lower than the minimum threshold, the heater starts to heat. When the pressure relief valve monitors that the air pressure in the heating chamber is higher than the maximum threshold, the heater stops heating. When the air pressure in the heating chamber continues to be higher than the maximum threshold, the pressure relief valve discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the heating chamber to the outside of the spinning box for pressure relief, thereby improving safety.

[0009] Further preferably, a mounting cavity communicating with the heating cavity is provided in the spinning box, the heater is installed in the mounting cavity, and a heat conducting plate is fixedly provided between the mounting cavity and the heating cavity.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution and arranging a heat conducting plate between the installation cavity and the heating cavity, it is possible to avoid the metering pump being damaged by direct contact with the heater.

[0011] It is further preferred that a sliding plate capable of blocking the opening of the heating chamber is slidingly provided in the spinning box, an elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding plate and the inner wall of the spinning box, and an abutment plate capable of pushing the sliding plate to slide is fixedly provided on the sealing plate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding plate seals the opening of the heating chamber before the spinneret is connected to the spinning box. At this time, the heater heats and preheats the air in the heating chamber. After the metering pump of the spinneret is installed in the heating chamber, the preheating can accelerate the temperature increase in the metering pump.

[0013] During the installation of the spinneret assembly, the abutment plate pushes the sliding plate to move and compresses the elastic member until the sealing plate closes the heating chamber opening; when the spinneret assembly is removed, the sliding plate is reset under the action of the elastic member and reseals the heating chamber opening.

[0014] Further preferably, the abutment plate is arranged around the outside of the metering pump, and after the metering pump is installed in the heating chamber, the abutment plate abuts against the heat conducting plate and the abutment plate is made of heat conducting material.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the abutment plate is made of heat-conducting material and abuts against the heat-conducting plate after being installed in the heating chamber. The abutment plate is arranged around the outside of the metering pump, and the temperature inside the metering pump is made uniform through heat exchange.

[0016] Further preferably, the spinneret is provided with a plurality of spinneret holes connected with the discharge pipe, the spinneret holes are distributed in a diamond shape along the spinning direction, and the number of the spinneret holes per square centimeter is at most three.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution and setting the density and arrangement of the spinneret holes on the spinneret, the ejected filaments can be kept continuous and uniform during cooling and forming.

[0018] Further preferably, the spinning mechanism further comprises a spinning tube fixed on the sealing plate, the spinneret is located in the spinning tube, and at least one convergence sleeve is fixed in the spinning tube.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a bundling sleeve is provided on the spinning tube to facilitate bundling the silk threads into a spinning bundle. A corresponding number of bundling sleeves are provided according to the number of silk threads in the spinning bundle. When the number of silk threads in the bundle is large, multiple bundling sleeves can be provided for multi-stage bundling to reduce the breakage of the silk threads due to excessively large angles during bundling.

[0020] It is further preferred that the cooling and forming mechanism includes a blowing assembly for cooling and solidifying the filaments between the spinneret and the gathering sleeve, and the blowing assembly includes a bellows fixed on the spinning tube, and the blowing direction of the bellows is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a blowing component is set to blow air to cool and solidify the silk thread, and the blowing direction is perpendicular to the spinning direction, so as to reduce the influence of the blowing wind force on the spinning quality. For example, when the blowing direction and the spinning direction form an acute angle, the blowing wind force will be conducive to the movement of the silk thread, thereby causing the silk thread moving speed at the blowing position to be greater than the silk thread speed when the spinneret just sprays out, which easily causes the silk thread to be too thin; when the blowing direction and the spinning direction form an obtuse angle, the blowing wind force will hinder the movement of the silk thread, thereby causing the silk thread moving speed at the blowing position to be less than the silk thread speed when the spinneret just sprays out, which easily causes the silk thread to be too thick.

[0022] It is further preferred that the cooling and forming mechanism also includes an oiling component for spraying oil on the filaments between the spinneret and the gathering sleeve. The oiling component includes an oil tank fixed on the spinning tube and a nozzle fixed on the oil tank. The oil spraying direction of the nozzle is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, spraying oil onto the silk thread can reduce the friction between the silk thread materials when they are bundled, ensure the bundling quality, and reduce subsequent reprocessing.

[0024] It is further preferred that the winding mechanism includes a pulley for guiding the spinning bundle after spinning, a guide roller for transporting the spinning bundle, a winding roller for winding the spinning bundle, and a friction roller for pressing the spinning bundle onto the winding roller. The pulley, guide roller and winding roller are concave rollers, and the friction roller is a convex roller adapted to the winding roller.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the rollers used for guiding, conveying and winding are all set to concave rollers. When supporting the spinning bundle, the force applied to the spinning bundle is directed toward the inside of the spinning bundle to prevent the spinning bundle from loosening during the conveying process. The friction roller adopts a convex roller to match the winding roller, so that the spinning bundle can fit more closely to the winding roller when the spinning bundle is wound onto the winding roller.

[0026] The present application also provides a preparation method using the above-mentioned ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament preparation device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0027] A method for preparing ultrafine denier flame-retardant polyester filament comprises the following steps: S1, installing a metering pump into a heating chamber, sealing the heating chamber with a sealing plate, and installing a spinning box and a spinneret assembly; S2, pouring a polymer raw material into a melt discharging mechanism, melting the raw material, and then sending it into the spinneret assembly through a connecting pipe for spinning, wherein the spinning pressure of the spinneret assembly is 15-20 MPa; S3, processing the spun filaments into a spinning bundle through a cooling molding mechanism and a winding mechanism.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. In this application, the spinneret assembly and the spinning box are detachably mounted to facilitate clearing of blockages. In addition, a heater is provided in the spinning box to preheat the heating chamber where the metering pump is installed and to maintain a high temperature of the metering pump during the production process, thereby maintaining the polymer raw material passing through the metering pump in a molten state as much as possible and reducing the occurrence of blockages.

[0030] 2. In a further configuration of the present application, pressure relief valves electrically connected to the heater are provided on both the sealing plate and the sliding plate to ensure air pressure safety during preheating and heating;

[0031] 3. In a further configuration of the present application, a heat conducting plate and an abutting plate are provided for contact heat exchange, thereby ensuring the heat conduction effect and also preventing the metering pump from being damaged by direct contact with the heater;

[0032] 4. In the further configuration of this application, a blowing component and an oiling component are provided, and a gathering sleeve is used to gather the silk threads and cool and solidify them to ensure the quality of the spinning bundle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the discharging mechanism;

[0035] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the spinning mechanism of Example 1;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of spinneret holes;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross section in the AA direction;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the spinning mechanism of Example 2;

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic cross-section in the middle BB direction;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the spinning mechanism of Example 3;

[0041] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of the spinning box;

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spinneret assembly;

[0043] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Schematic top view of

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the cooling and forming mechanism is installed on the spinning tube;

[0045] Figure 13 It is a radial schematic diagram of the friction roller and the winding roller.

[0046] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Melting and discharging mechanism; 11. Hopper; 12. Melting box; 13. Driving motor; 14. Extrusion screw; 15. Inner cavity; 16. Connecting pipe; 2. Spinning mechanism; 21. Spinning box; 211. Mounting cavity; 212. Heater; 213. Heat conducting plate; 215. Elastic member; 216. Sliding plate; 217. Heating cavity; 218. First mounting hole; 219. Second mounting hole; 22. Spinning assembly; 221. Metering pump; 222. Abutment plate; 223. Sealing plate; 224. Discharging Tube; 225, spinneret; 226, pressure relief valve; 23, spinning tube; 231, spinning channel; 232, first convergence sleeve; 233, second convergence sleeve; 234, third convergence sleeve; 3, cooling and forming mechanism; 31, oil tank; 32, first nozzle; 33, second nozzle; 34, third nozzle; 35, fixing frame; 36, first bellows; 37, second bellows; 38, third bellows; 4, winding mechanism; 41, first pulley; 42, second pulley; 43, guide roller; 44, friction roller; 45, winding roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following is combined with Figure 1 -Attached Figure 13 This application is described in further detail.

[0048] The present application discloses a device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filaments, which can alleviate the problem of molten polymer raw materials being easily solidified and causing blockage. Figure 1 As shown, it includes a melt discharging mechanism 1, a spinning mechanism 2, a cooling and molding mechanism 3 and a winding mechanism 4 which are arranged in sequence along the preparation steps. The polymer raw material is first added to the melt discharging mechanism 1, and the polymer raw material is melted by the melt discharging mechanism 1 and then extruded into the spinning mechanism 2. The spinning mechanism 2 sprays and bundles the molten polymer raw material. The silk thread sprayed by the spinning mechanism 2 is blown and oiled by the cooling and molding mechanism 3 before being bundled to ensure the bundling quality of the silk thread. Finally, the bundled spinning bundle is collected by the winding mechanism 4.

[0049] For the melt discharging mechanism 1, combined with the attached Figure 2 As shown, the apparatus comprises a melt box 12, a hopper 11, and an extruder. The melt box 12 has an inner cavity 15. The hopper 11 is fixed to the melt box 12 and communicates with the inner cavity 15. The extruder's extrusion portion is installed in the inner cavity 15, and the extruder's drive portion is installed outside the melt box 12. When polymer raw materials are placed in the hopper 11, they fall into the inner cavity 15. The raw materials are melted by the melt box 12 and then extruded from the inner cavity 15 by the extruder.

[0050] Specifically, the extruder includes an extrusion screw 14 and a drive motor 13 that drives the extrusion screw 14 to rotate. In this embodiment, the hopper 11 is fixed to the left side of the top of the melting box 12, and the drive motor 13 is fixed to the left end of the melting box 12. The axis of the extrusion screw 14 is in the left-right direction. Under the drive of the drive motor 13, the extrusion screw 14 can convey the molten raw material from left to right. A raw material outlet (not shown) is provided at the right end of the melting box 12, and a connecting pipe 16 for conveying the molten raw material is fixedly connected to the right end of the melting box 12. The other end of the connecting pipe 16 is connected to the spinning mechanism 2. The melt discharging mechanism 1 is generally installed at a high place in the factory building. The raw material falls from the hopper 11 into the melting box 12 under the action of its own gravity. After melting and extrusion, it is transported to the spinning mechanism 2 through the connecting pipe 16. In order to reduce the solidification of the raw material in the connecting pipe 16, the spinning mechanism 2 is generally arranged directly below the melt extrusion mechanism to shorten the length of the connecting pipe 16.

[0051] For the spinning mechanism 2, this application discloses the following three embodiments:

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Combined with attachment Figure 3 As shown, the spinning box 21 includes a spinning box 21, a spinneret 22, and a spinning tube 23. The spinning box 21 and the spinneret 22 are detachably connected, while the spinning tube 23 is fixedly connected to the spinneret 22. During the spinning process, the spinning box 21 and the spinneret 22 are prone to blockage. The detachable installation facilitates disassembly and cleaning when blockage occurs, which is convenient and quick.

[0054] Specifically, a heating chamber 217 is provided on the spinning box 21, and a heater 212 for heating the air in the heating chamber 217 is provided in the spinning box 21. An installation chamber 211 connected to the heating chamber 217 is provided in the spinning box 21, and the heater 212 is installed in the installation chamber 211. The connecting pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the spinning box 21 and extends into the heating chamber 217 and can be connected to the spinneret assembly 22.

[0055] The spinneret assembly 22 includes a sealing plate 223, a discharge pipe 224 fixed on the sealing plate 223, a metering pump 221 connected to one end of the discharge pipe 224, and a spinneret 225 connected to the other end of the discharge pipe 224. The metering pump 221 and the spinneret 225 are located on both sides of the sealing plate 223. A pressure relief valve 226 for monitoring the air pressure in the heating chamber 217 is fixed on the sealing plate 223. The pressure relief valve 226 is preset with a maximum threshold and a minimum threshold. The pressure relief valve 226 is electrically connected to the heater 212.

[0056] According to the number of yarns and density requirements of the spinning, combined with the attached Figure 4A plurality of spinneret holes connected to the discharge pipe 224 are formed on the spinneret plate 225. The spinneret holes are distributed in a diamond shape along the spinning direction and there are at most three spinneret holes per square centimeter.

[0057] In this embodiment, combined with the Figure 5 The heating chamber 217 is opened downward, and the installation chamber 211 is opened on the lateral side wall of the heating chamber 217. The heating chamber 217 and the installation chamber 211 are both cavities with circular cross-sections. The heating element in the heater 212 is a spirally arranged heating copper wire. After the metering pump 221 is located in the heating chamber 217, the heating copper wire is arranged around the periphery of the metering pump 221.

[0058] A first mounting hole 218 for inserting the connecting pipe 16 is provided at the top of the spinning box 21, so that the connecting pipe 16 can extend into the heating chamber 217. When the metering pump 221 is installed from bottom to top into the heating chamber 217, it can also be connected to the connecting pipe 16 at the same time, making installation convenient.

[0059] When the spinneret assembly 22 is installed on the spinning box 21, the sealing plate 223 can seal the opening of the heating chamber 217. At this time, the metering pump 221 is located in the heating chamber 217 and connected to the connecting pipe 16. The spinneret 225 is located outside the spinning box 21. The sealing plate 223 and the spinning box 21 can be connected by a detachable method such as bolt fixing, snap fastening, etc. After installation, the heating copper wire is energized to heat the air in the heating chamber 217, thereby heating the metering pump 221 through air heat exchange, thereby reducing solidification blockage when the molten raw material flows through the connecting pipe 16 and the metering pump 221.

[0060] During the heating process, the sealing plate 223 seals the heating chamber 217, reducing the flow of air inside and outside the heating chamber 217 and ensuring that there is sufficient high-temperature air in the heating chamber 217 for heat exchange. However, the air pressure in the heating chamber 217 will also increase. The pressure relief valve 226 is used to monitor the air pressure in the heating chamber 217. The pressure relief valve 226 is preset with a maximum threshold and a minimum threshold. Since the higher the air temperature in the heating chamber 217, the higher the air pressure, the air pressure can reflect the air temperature. When the pressure relief valve 226 detects that the air pressure in the heating chamber 217 is lower than the minimum threshold, the heater 212 starts heating. When the pressure relief valve 226 detects that the air pressure in the heating chamber 217 is higher than the maximum threshold, the heater 212 stops heating. When the air pressure in the heating chamber 217 continues to be higher than the maximum threshold, the pressure relief valve 226 discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the heating chamber 217 to the outside of the spinning box 21 to release the pressure, thereby improving safety.

[0061] The spinning tube 23 has a through spinning channel 231, one end of the spinning channel 231 is directly opposite to the spinneret 225, so that the spinneret 225 is located in the spinning tube 23. At least one converging sleeve is also fixed in the spinning tube 23 for converging the silk threads ejected from the spinneret 225, thereby producing and processing them into spinning bundles. In this embodiment, three converging sleeves are provided along the spinning direction, namely the first converging sleeve 232, the second converging sleeve 233 and the third converging sleeve 234. The first converging sleeve 232 has the smallest converging degree, the second converging sleeve 233 has the second largest converging degree, and the third converging sleeve 234 has the largest converging degree. The converging process is performed by using three levels of converging sleeves with gradually increasing converging degrees, so as to avoid the silk threads ejected from the spinneret 225 from being directly converging at the maximum converging degree, thereby reducing the occurrence of silk thread breakage.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] Combined with attachment Figure 6 , Attachment Figure 7 , the difference from the first embodiment is that this embodiment is further configured. Specifically, a heat conducting plate 213 is fixedly provided between the installation cavity 211 and the heating cavity 217. The temperature of the heating copper wire is high, and direct contact with the metering pump 221 will cause damage to the metering pump 221. The provision of the heat conducting plate 213 for blocking can eliminate this hidden danger. In this embodiment, the heat conducting plate 213 is a circular plate. After the metering pump 221 is installed in the heating cavity 217, the heat conducting plate 213 is arranged around the periphery of the metering pump 221.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] Combined with attachment Figure 8 , Attachment Figure 9 The difference from the second embodiment is that this embodiment has a further configuration. Specifically, a sliding plate 216 capable of sealing the opening of the heating chamber 217 is slidably provided in the spinning box 21 , and an elastic member 215 is fixedly connected between the sliding plate 216 and the inner wall of the spinning box 21 .

[0066] In addition, combined with the Figure 10 , Attachment Figure 11 A contact plate 222 that can push the sliding plate 216 to slide is fixed on the sealing plate 223. The contact plate 222 is arranged around the outside of the metering pump 221. After the metering pump 221 is installed in the heating chamber 217, the contact plate 222 contacts the heat conducting plate 213 and is made of heat conducting material.

[0067] In this embodiment, the sliding plate 216 is installed in the heating chamber 217 of the spinning box 21 by sliding in the up and down directions. Before the spinneret assembly 22 is installed on the spinning box 21, the sliding plate 216 is located at the opening of the heating chamber 217, which protects the heat conduction plate 213, the heater 212 and the connecting pipe 16 in the spinning box 21. At this time, the heating of the heater 212 can preheat the heating chamber 217, and there is no need to wait until the metering pump 221 is installed in the heating chamber 217 before heating, thereby improving the heating efficiency.

[0068] During the process of installing the spinneret assembly 22 from bottom to top into the spinning box 21, the abutment plate 222 first abuts against the sliding plate 216 and pushes the sliding plate 216 to move upward. In order to smoothly connect the metering pump 221 with the connecting pipe 16, a second mounting hole 219 is opened on the sliding plate 216 for the connecting pipe 16 to pass through. During the upward movement of the sliding plate 216, the elastic member 215 is continuously compressed. The setting of the elastic member 215 enables the sliding plate 216 to slide back to the opening of the heating chamber 217 when the spinneret assembly 22 is removed from the spinning box 21.

[0069] After installation, the abutting plate 222 contacts the heat conducting plate 213 . The abutting plate 222 is also made of heat conducting material, thereby also meeting the heat conducting function. The abutting plate 222 is also arranged in a circular ring shape around the periphery of the metering pump 221 .

[0070] For the cooling molding mechanism 3, Figure 12 , including a blowing component and an oiling component. The blowing component is used to cool and solidify the wire between the spinneret 225 and the gathering sleeve, and the oiling component is used to spray oil on the wire between the spinneret 225 and the gathering sleeve.

[0071] The blowing assembly includes a bellows fixed to the spinning tube 23. The blowing direction of the bellows is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret 225. Specifically, a fixing frame 35 is fixed to the left end of the spinning tube 23. A first bellows 36, a second bellows 37, and a third bellows 38 are fixed to the fixing frame 35. The spinneret 225 spins from top to bottom, and the three bellows blow from left to right. The wind speed is generally controlled between 30 cm / s and 40 cm / s. In this embodiment, the wind speed is 35 cm / s.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first bellows 36 blows air to the wire between the spinneret 225 and the first gathering sleeve 232, and the blowing position of the first bellows 36 is close to the first gathering sleeve 232; the second bellows 37 blows air to the wire between the first gathering sleeve 232 and the second gathering sleeve 233, and the blowing position of the second bellows 37 is close to the second gathering sleeve 233; the third bellows 38 blows air to the wire between the second gathering sleeve 233 and the third gathering sleeve 234, and the blowing position of the third bellows 38 is close to the third gathering sleeve 234.

[0073] The oiling assembly includes an oil tank 31 fixed to the spinning tube 23 and nozzles fixed to the oil tank 31. The nozzles spray oil perpendicularly to the spinning direction of the spinneret 225. Specifically, the oil tank 31 is fixed to the right end of the spinning tube 23 and is fixed with a first nozzle 32, a second nozzle 33, and a third nozzle 34. The nozzles spray oil from right to left, and the injection pressure is controlled between 15 and 20 MPa. In this embodiment, the injection pressure is 20 MPa.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first nozzle 32 sprays oil on the filaments between the spinneret 225 and the first constricting sleeve 232, and the first nozzle 32 sprays oil near the spinneret 225; the second nozzle 33 sprays oil on the filaments between the first constricting sleeve 232 and the second constricting sleeve 233, and the first nozzle 32 sprays oil near the first constricting sleeve 232; the third nozzle 34 sprays oil on the filaments between the second constricting sleeve 233 and the third constricting sleeve 234, and the third nozzle 34 sprays oil near the second constricting sleeve 233. The purpose of oiling is to reduce friction between the filaments, ensure better winding tension, and reduce the amount of fuzzy ends and post-processing.

[0075] The winding mechanism 4 includes a pulley for guiding the spinning bundle after spinning, a godet roller 43 for conveying the spinning bundle, a winding roller 45 for winding the spinning bundle, and a friction roller 44 for pressing the spinning bundle onto the winding roller 45. Figure 13 The pulley, the guide roller 43 and the winding roller 45 are concave rollers, and the friction roller 44 is a convex roller adapted to the winding roller 45.

[0076] In this embodiment, the pulleys are divided into a first pulley 41 and a second pulley 42. The first pulley 41 and the second pulley 42 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and the distance between the right edge of the first pulley 41 and the left edge of the second pulley 42 is the thickness of the spinning bundle; two guide rollers 43 are provided. In an actual production environment, multiple guide rollers 43 can be set according to the relative position relationship between the spinning tube 23 and the winding roller to ensure stable transportation of the spinning bundle.

[0077] The setting of the concave roller makes the supporting force of the pulley, the guide roller 43 and the winding roller on the spinning bundle toward the center of the spinning bundle, which is beneficial to the bundling and aggregation of the spinning bundle; the convex roller setting of the friction roller 44 can press the spinning bundle onto the winding roller which is a concave roller, and can avoid interference between the friction roller 44 and the winding roller during rotation.

[0078] The present application also discloses a preparation method using the above-mentioned ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament preparation device, comprising the following steps:

[0079] S1, install the metering pump 221 into the heating chamber 217 and seal the opening of the heating chamber 217 through the sealing plate 223, and complete the installation of the spinning box 21 and the spinneret assembly 22;

[0080] S2, pouring the polymer raw material into the melt discharging mechanism 1, the raw material is melted and sent to the spinneret 22 through the connecting pipe 16 for spinning, and the spinning pressure of the spinneret 22 is 15~20MPa;

[0081] S3, the spun yarn is processed into a spinning bundle through a cooling and forming mechanism 3 and a winding mechanism 4.

[0082] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filaments, comprising a melt discharging mechanism (1), a spinning mechanism (2), a cooling and forming mechanism (3), and a winding mechanism (4) arranged in sequence along the preparation steps, characterized in that: The spinning mechanism (2) comprises a spinning box (21) and a spinning assembly (22) detachably mounted on the spinning box (21), wherein: The spinning box (21) is provided with a heating chamber (217), the spinning box (21) is provided with a heater (212) for heating the air in the heating chamber (217), the spinning box (21) is fixed with a connecting pipe (16), one end of the connecting pipe (16) is connected to the melt discharging mechanism (1), and the other end is located in the heating chamber (217) and connected to the spinneret assembly (22); The spinneret assembly (22) includes a sealing plate (223) capable of sealing the opening of the heating chamber (217), a discharge pipe (224) fixed on the sealing plate (223), a metering pump (221) connected to one end of the discharge pipe (224), and a spinneret (225) connected to the other end of the discharge pipe (224), wherein the metering pump (221) and the spinneret (225) are located on both sides of the sealing plate (223). When the heating chamber (217) is heated, the metering pump (221) is located in the heating chamber (217) and connected to the connecting pipe (16), the spinneret (225) is located outside the spinning box (21), and a pressure relief valve (226) for monitoring the air pressure in the heating chamber (217) is fixedly provided on the sealing plate (223), the pressure relief valve (226) is preset with a maximum threshold and a minimum threshold, and the pressure relief valve (226) is electrically connected to the heater (212); An installation cavity (211) communicating with the heating cavity (217) is provided in the spinning box (21), the heater (212) is installed in the installation cavity (211), and a heat conducting plate (213) is fixedly provided between the installation cavity (211) and the heating cavity (217); A sliding plate (216) capable of blocking the opening of the heating chamber (217) is slidably provided in the spinning box (21), an elastic member (215) is fixedly connected between the sliding plate (216) and the inner side wall of the spinning box (21), and an abutting plate (222) capable of pushing the sliding plate (216) to slide is fixedly provided on the sealing plate (223); The abutment plate (222) is arranged around the outside of the metering pump (221). After the metering pump (221) is installed in the heating chamber (217), the abutment plate (222) abuts against the heat conduction plate (213). The abutment plate (222) is made of a heat-conducting material.

2. The device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinneret (225) is provided with a plurality of spinneret holes connected to the discharge pipe (224). The spinneret holes are distributed in a diamond shape along the spinning direction, and the number of the spinneret holes per square centimeter is at most three.

3. The device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinning mechanism (2) further comprises a spinning tube (23) fixed on the sealing plate (223), the spinneret (225) is located in the spinning tube (23), and at least one convergence sleeve is fixed in the spinning tube (23).

4. The device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling and forming mechanism (3) includes a blowing assembly for cooling and solidifying the filaments between the spinneret (225) and the gathering sleeve, and the blowing assembly includes a bellows fixed on the spinning tube (23), and the blowing direction of the bellows is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret (225).

5. The device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling and forming mechanism (3) also includes an oiling component for spraying oil on the filaments between the spinneret (225) and the gathering sleeve, and the oiling component includes an oil tank (31) fixed on the spinning tube (23) and a nozzle fixed on the oil tank (31), and the oil spraying direction of the nozzle is perpendicular to the spinning direction of the spinneret (225).

6. The device for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding mechanism (4) includes a pulley for guiding the spinning bundle after spinning, a guide roller (43) for conveying the spinning bundle, a winding roller (45) for winding the spinning bundle, and a friction roller (44) for pressing the spinning bundle onto the winding roller (45). The pulley, the guide roller (43) and the winding roller (45) are concave rollers, and the friction roller (44) is a convex roller adapted to the winding roller (45).

7. A method for preparing ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament using the device for preparing the ultra-fine denier flame-retardant polyester filament according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, installing the metering pump (221) into the heating chamber (217) and sealing the opening of the heating chamber (217) through the sealing plate (223), and completing the installation of the spinning box (21) and the spinneret assembly (22); S2, pouring the polymer raw material into the melt discharging mechanism (1), the raw material is melted and then sent to the spinneret assembly (22) through the connecting pipe (16) for spinning, and the spinning pressure of the spinneret assembly (22) is 15~20MPa; S3, the spun yarn is processed into a spinning bundle through a cooling and forming mechanism (3) and a winding mechanism (4).

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