External plate mounting structure for steel structure bridge

Abstract

The application discloses an external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge and relates to the technical field of bridge external plate mounting, which comprises a cover plate used for splicing the gaps between adjacent side protection baffle plates of prefabricated bridge bodies, the width of the cover plate is greater than the gap between the adjacent side protection baffle plates of the prefabricated bridge bodies, a buffer piece one is arranged on the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part in the gap between the adjacent side protection baffle plates of the prefabricated bridge bodies, one end of a connecting rod is fixed to the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part, two L-shaped butt blocks are symmetrically fixed to the two ends of an arc-shaped elastic rod, and the end of a positioning pin is fixedly connected to the side wall of the corresponding adjacent side protection baffle plate of the prefabricated bridge body after extending out of an adjusting hole two. The application can block the gaps, prevent objects on the bridge deck from falling from the bridge deck to the lower part of the bridge body through the gaps, set the buffer piece one between the gaps, reduce the damage degree of the collision force to the steel structure bridge body itself, prevent the fatigue resistance of the steel structure bridge body from being deteriorated, and avoid the existence of a great safety hazard.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge external plate installation, in particular to the external plate installation structure of a steel structure bridge. BACKGROUND

[0002] The external plate of the steel structure bridge includes a cover plate for connecting the prefabricated expansion joints between the bridge bodies, which is used to prevent the thermal expansion and cold contraction caused by climate temperature changes, so that the bridge body structure at one end of the expansion joint collides and is damaged. The existing expansion joint connection mostly uses comb plate butt joint, and the comb plate fills the expansion joint to meet the passing vehicles, and can also buffer the impact force.

[0003] Because the steel structure bridge body is prefabricated, in addition to a flat road surface, it will also extend a certain height upward on the side to form a bridge body protection baffle. The gap between the ends of the two adjacent protection baffles is not used as a road surface for supporting vehicle traffic, so under normal circumstances, the gap is not connected and only a cover plate made of metal material is used, which is similar in structure to the protection baffle, and is covered on the two bridge body side protection baffles to prevent objects on the bridge from falling through the gap. However, after the bridge bodies are subjected to thermal expansion and cold contraction, the cover plate cannot avoid colliding and causing deformation and damage to the steel structure bridge body itself. After long-term use, the fatigue resistance of the steel structure bridge body will deteriorate, which poses a great safety hazard. Therefore, the external plate installation structure of the steel structure bridge is designed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an external plate installation structure of a steel structure bridge to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an external plate installation structure of a steel structure bridge, comprising a cover plate for connecting the gap between the side protection baffles of adjacent prefabricated bridge bodies, one end of the cover plate being bent into a blocking part that fits the inner wall of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body, the middle part of the cover plate being horizontally extended into a horizontal pressing part that presses on the upper end face of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body, the other end of the cover plate being bent downward into a limiting part located outside the side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body, and the width of the cover plate being greater than the gap between the side protection baffles of adjacent prefabricated bridge bodies. According to the outer shape structure of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated steel structure bridge and the outer shape structure of the prefabricated cover plate, it is ensured that the cover plate can be clamped on the outer wall of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated steel structure bridge to block the expansion gap.

[0006] The blocking part of the cover plate is attached to the inner side wall of the adjacent two prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, the horizontal pressing part is located on the upper end surface of the adjacent two prefabricated steel structure bridge body side protection baffle, and the limiting part is located outside the adjacent two prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, so that the gap can be blocked, and objects on the bridge from falling into the gap below the bridge to avoid high-falling objects and cause safety accidents.

[0007] The limiting part is located outside the adjacent two prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, so that the gap can be blocked, and objects on the bridge from falling into the gap below the bridge to avoid high-falling objects and cause safety accidents.

[0008] The buffer part one includes a connecting rod, a circular arc elastic rod and two L-shaped butt blocks, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part, a I-shaped block is rotatably arranged at the end of the connecting rod, the circular arc elastic rod is provided with an adjusting hole one for slidingly connecting with the I-shaped block, and two L-shaped butt blocks are symmetrically fixed at the two ends of the circular arc elastic rod.

[0009] In further embodiments, the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate is provided with a buffer part two, the buffer part two includes a vertical rod and a plurality of buffer steel rings, the vertical rod is fixed with an inverted door-shaped frame at the upper end surface, and the inverted door-shaped frame is fixed to the bottom end surface of the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate.

[0010] The buffer part two cooperates with the buffer part one to form a three-stage buffer, which meets the protection requirements of the bridge body.

[0011] In further embodiments, the vertical rod is fixed with a plurality of uniformly spaced connecting discs, the bottom end surface edge of the connecting disc is fixed with an arc-shaped elastic connecting piece below the side away from the center of the connecting disc, and the end of the arc-shaped elastic connecting piece is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the buffer steel ring.

[0012] In further embodiments, the outer wall of the vertical rod is provided with a plurality of rectangular sliding holes respectively along the radial side wall of the vertical rod, a rectangular cross bar is slidingly inserted into the rectangular sliding hole, the axial ends of the rectangular cross bar are fixed with C-shaped elastic connecting plates, the radial outer wall of the buffer ring is provided with a matching hole through which the C-shaped elastic connecting plate penetrates, the inner upper and lower side walls of the matching hole are provided with guide grooves, and the upper and lower side walls of the two ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plate are rotatably provided with guide shafts which slidingly connect with the corresponding guide grooves.

[0013] In further embodiments, the two ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plate are rotatably provided with I-shaped rollers located outside the buffer ring.

[0014] In further embodiments, the outer wall of the vertical rod is provided with a waist-shaped hole at the bottom end, a lifting rod is rotatably arranged between the two side walls in the waist-shaped hole, the two ends of the lifting rod respectively extend out of the two side openings of the waist-shaped hole, and the upper sides of the two extending ends are rotatably supported by the wheels, the upper end surface of the supporting wheel is a spherical surface structure, the bottom end of the vertical rod extends below the bottom end surface of the bridge body, the two ends of the lifting rod respectively extend below the two adjacent bridge bodies, and the spherical surface structure of the supporting wheel is rotatably attached to the bottom end surface of the bridge body, and the vertical rod is connected to the cover plate, which can enhance the stability of the cover plate covering the outer wall of the side protection baffle of the bridge body.

[0015] In further embodiments, the cover plate is divided into two, and the two cover plates are respectively and individually covered on the side walls of the adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle.

[0016] The two extension rods are rotatably arranged on the two cover plates, the two extension rods of the same cover plate are fixed with a sliding rod at the end portions, and the two sliding rods are slidingly connected with a butt plate.

[0017] In further embodiments, the axial length of the sliding rod is more than 5 times the width of the butt plate.

[0018] In further embodiments, the end portion of the butt plate is rotatably sleeved with the sliding rod through the through hole.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0020] The present application is an external plate mounting structure for a steel structure bridge, which covers the gap outside the adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle with a cover plate, which can seal the gap and prevent objects on the bridge deck from falling from the bridge deck to the bottom of the bridge body through the gap, and on the other hand, the buffer member one is arranged between the gaps, which can reduce the damage to the steel structure bridge itself caused by the impact force after the bridge body is subjected to thermal expansion and cold contraction, so as to prevent the fatigue strength of the steel structure bridge from being poor and to avoid the existence of a large safety hazard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the joint structure of the cover plate and the adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle gap of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the buffer structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another improved structure of the cover plate of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the up and down adjustment structure of another improved structure of the cover plate of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the up and down and left and right adjustment structure of another improved structure of the cover plate of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the cover plate and the second buffer structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the second buffer structure of the present application;

[0029] Figure 9 Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the further improved structure of the second buffer structure of the present application;

[0030] Figure 10 Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the local structure of the vertical rod of the present application;

[0031] Figure 11 Fig. 10 is a schematic view of another improved structure of the second buffer structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 12 Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the Figure 11 Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the structure at A of the present application;

[0033] Figure 13 Fig. 13 is a local enlarged view of the second buffer structure of the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 1, cover plate; 2, circular arc elastic rod; 3, L-shaped butt joint block; 4, positioning pin; 5, adjusting hole two; 6, adjusting hole one; 7, I-shaped clamping block; 8, connecting rod; 9, sliding rod; 10, butt joint plate; 11, vertical rod; 12, buffer steel ring; 13, connecting disc; 14, arc-shaped elastic connecting piece; 15, inverted door-shaped frame; 16, lifting rod; 17, lifting wheel; 18, rectangular cross rod; 19, C-shaped elastic connecting plate; 20, I-shaped roller; 21, guide shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 13 , the present embodiment provides an external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge, comprising an external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge, comprising a cover plate 1 for splicing the gap between adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection plates, one end of the cover plate 1 is bent into a blocking part that fits the inner side wall of the prefabricated bridge body side protection plate, the middle part of the cover plate 1 extends horizontally into a horizontal pressing part that is pressed on the upper end surface of the prefabricated bridge body side protection plate, the other end of the cover plate 1 is bent downward into a limiting part located outside the prefabricated bridge body side protection plate, as shown in Figure 1 , the cover plate 1 is used as a gap connection external plate of a prefabricated steel structure bridge body, according to the shape structure of the prefabricated steel structure bridge body side protection plate, the shape structure of the prefabricated cover plate 1, it is ensured that the cover plate 1 can be clamped on the outer wall of the prefabricated steel structure bridge body side protection plate to block the expansion gap.

[0037] The adjacent two prefabricated steel structure bridge bodies fill the expansion joint of the road surface through the comb plate, meet the passing vehicles, at the same time, can buffer the impact force of the position change after the thermal expansion and cold contraction between the bridge bodies, the width of the cover plate 1 is greater than the gap between the adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection plates, then the blocking part of the cover plate 1 is fitted on the inner side wall of the adjacent two prefabricated bridge body side protection plates, the horizontal pressing part is located on the upper end surface of the adjacent two prefabricated steel structure bridge body side protection plates, and the limiting part is located outside the adjacent two prefabricated bridge body side protection plates, so that the gap can be blocked, avoiding objects falling from the gap to the bridge below, avoiding high-falling objects and causing safety accidents.

[0038] However, after the thermal expansion and cold contraction between the bridge bodies, the adjacent two bridge bodies will creep and be misaligned, the cover plate 1 cannot play a buffering role in the expansion joint, and cannot avoid the collision to cause the deformation and damage of the steel structure bridge body itself, after long-term use, the fatigue resistance of the steel structure bridge body will be poor, and there is a great safety hazard.

[0039] The side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part is provided with a buffer 1 located in the gap between the adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection plates, by arranging the buffer 1 between the gaps, the damage degree caused by the impact force to the steel structure bridge body itself can be reduced after the thermal expansion and cold contraction between the bridge bodies, so as to avoid the fatigue resistance of the steel structure bridge body to be poor and a great safety hazard.

[0040] The buffer one includes a connecting rod 8, an arc-shaped elastic rod 2 and two L-shaped butt blocks 3. One end of the connecting rod 8 is fixed to the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part. A I-shaped block 7 is rotatably arranged at the end of the connecting rod 8. An adjusting hole one 6 is formed in the side wall of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 and is slidably connected with the I-shaped block 7. The two L-shaped butt blocks 3 are symmetrically fixed at the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2. An adjusting hole two 5 is formed in the side wall of each L-shaped butt block 3. A T-shaped positioning pin 4 is slidably inserted into the adjusting hole two 5. The end of the positioning pin 4 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding adjacent side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body after extending out of the adjusting hole two 5, as shown in FIG. 3. The positioning pin 4 is adjustably connected between the L-shaped butt block 3 and the side wall of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body. Meanwhile, the I-shaped block 7 is slidably connected with the adjusting hole one 6 of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 3, the positioning pin 4 is adjustably connected between the L-shaped butt block 3 and the side wall of the side protection baffle of the prefabricated bridge body. Meanwhile, the I-shaped block 7 is slidably connected with the adjusting hole one 6 of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2.

[0041] When the bridge bodies are subjected to thermal expansion and cold shrinkage, the positions of the two adjacent steel structure bridge bodies change in the horizontal direction, and even a large impact force is generated when the steel structure bridge bodies contact the side walls, which causes damage to the steel structure bridge bodies. Therefore, when the positions of the steel structure bridge bodies change, the positioning pin 4 slides horizontally in the adjusting hole two 5 of the L-shaped butt block 3. When the two positioning pins 4 slide to the end side wall of the two adjusting hole two 5 and are close to each other, they cannot slide any more. The two L-shaped butt blocks 3 squeeze the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 towards the middle. The arc-shaped elastic rod 2 is squeezed and bent to generate a rebound potential energy, which buffers the impact force when the positions of the two bridge bodies change. This avoids direct contact between the two adjacent bridge bodies, which can cause irreversible damage to the bridge bodies. This also avoids long-term contact and collision between the bridge bodies, which can cause the steel structure bridge bodies to stretch. After a long time, the fatigue resistance of the steel structure bridge bodies will be poor, and even the steel structure bridge bodies will be bent and broken.

[0042] It should be noted that the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 is made of steel structure material. When the positions of the bridge bodies change, the steel structure material can be squeezed to generate a rebound potential energy to buffer the impact force.

[0043] When one of the bridge bodies is lifted, a height difference is formed between the two adjacent bridge bodies. The positioning pin 4 can rotate relative to the adjusting hole two 5, so that the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 and the two L-shaped butt blocks 3 are in an inclined state. The entire buffer one still acts as a buffer medium in the gap to buffer the impact force when the positions of the bridge bodies change.

[0044] In addition, in order to prevent the positions of the bridge bodies from changing relatively far apart or relatively close together in the horizontal direction, the I-shaped block 7 slides relative to the adjusting hole one 6 of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2. When the position of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 changes, the connecting rod 8 does not move horizontally, so that the position of the cover plate 1 does not change, and the gap is not exposed.

[0045] In addition, the two adjacent bridge bodies will also be misaligned in the horizontal direction. At this time, the adjusting hole 6 of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 needs to slide relative to the I-shaped block 7 to adjust the length of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 on both sides of the connecting rod 8, so as to compensate for the length difference when the end of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 follows the misalignment of the bridge body, and at the same time, the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 deforms by bending to buffer the impact force.

[0046] In this way, the relative position between the cover plate 1 and the adjacent steel structure bridge body can be adjusted, and the cover plate 1 can still be stably clamped on the side wall of the side protection baffle of the steel structure bridge body when the position of the steel structure bridge body changes, such as the cover plate 1 installation position shown in Figure 2 to avoid exposing the gap opening inside the bridge body and causing objects to fall from the gap to the bridge below, which may cause safety accidents.

[0047] That is, no matter whether the position of the adjacent prefabricated steel structure bridge body changes in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, the buffer part 1 can always be located in the gap for buffering the impact force of the bridge body contact collision.

[0048] Further, the buffer part 2 is provided at the bottom end surface of the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate 1, which further improves the impact force of the collision between the two adjacent bridge bodies by cooperating with the buffer part 1, thereby achieving the protection effect of the bridge body itself.

[0049] The buffer part 2 includes a vertical rod 11 and a plurality of buffer steel rings 12. The vertical rod 11 has an inverted door-shaped frame 15 fixed at the upper end surface, and the inverted door-shaped frame 15 is fixed at the bottom end surface of the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate 1. The plurality of buffer steel rings 12 are evenly arranged on the outer side of the vertical rod 11, and the plurality of buffer steel rings 12 are coaxially distributed with the vertical rod 11, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 The plurality of buffer steel rings 12 arranged on the outer side of the vertical rod 11 are arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped elastic rod 2. The buffer steel ring 12 has an internal space as a deformation space for buffering the impact force, and cooperates with the arc-shaped elastic rod 2 to resist the impact force when the position of the bridge body changes, thereby avoiding damage caused by direct contact between adjacent bridge bodies.

[0050] The outer wall of the vertical rod 11 is fixedly sleeved with a plurality of evenly spaced connecting discs 13. The bottom end surface edge of the connecting disc 13 is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped elastic connecting piece 14 below the side away from the center of the connecting disc 13. The end of the arc-shaped elastic connecting piece 14 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the buffer steel ring 12, as shown in Figure 8As shown, the arc-shaped elastic connecting piece 14 is used to set the buffer ring 12 outside the vertical rod 11. When the radial outer wall of the buffer ring 12 receives the impact force from the end of the bridge body, the radial outer wall of the buffer ring 12 is compressed and deformed towards the center of the buffer ring 12 to generate a rebound potential energy. The arc-shaped elastic connecting piece 14 is also bent towards the side close to the center of the vertical rod 11 to generate a rebound potential energy, thereby achieving the buffering of the impact force.

[0051] Another improvement of the buffer part two is that a plurality of rectangular sliding holes are arranged on the outer wall of the vertical rod 11 along the radial side wall of the vertical rod 11. A rectangular crossbar 18 is slidably inserted into the rectangular sliding hole. The axial both ends of the rectangular crossbar 18 are fixed with C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19. The radial outer wall of the buffer ring 12 is provided with matching holes through which the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 pass. The inner upper and lower side walls of the matching holes are provided with guide grooves. The upper and lower side walls of the both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 are rotatably provided with guide shafts 21 which are slidably connected with the corresponding guide grooves. The guide shafts 21 are slidably connected with the guide grooves, thereby achieving the emptying of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 to support the buffer ring 12, as shown in the figure. Figures 11-13 As shown, the buffer ring 12 is also used to buffer the impact force from the end of the bridge body. Importantly, when the buffer ring 12 is deformed towards the center to generate a rebound potential energy, the both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 are abutted against the side wall of the end of the bridge body to further receive the impact force from the end of the bridge body. The both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 are dispersedly supported and opened, and the guide shafts 21 are synchronously slid along the guide grooves to cooperate with the dispersed support and opening of the both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 to also generate a rebound potential energy, thereby playing a role in buffering the impact force of the end of the bridge body.

[0052] Moreover, the I-shaped rollers 20 are rotatably arranged on the outer side of the buffer ring 12 at the both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19. When the both ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plates 19 are dispersedly supported and opened, the I-shaped rollers 20 roll along the side wall of the end of the bridge body to reduce the friction.

[0053] No matter whether the position of the bridge body changes in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, it does not affect the deformation of the buffer ring 12 in the gap to buffer the impact force. At the same time, the deformation of the arc-shaped elastic connecting piece 14 or the C-shaped elastic connecting plate 19 can also play a role in buffering the impact force, thereby forming a three-stage buffering mode to meet the protection requirements of the bridge body.

[0054] The outer wall of the vertical rod 11 is provided with a waist-shaped hole. The lifting rod 16 is rotatably arranged between the two side walls of the waist-shaped hole. The both ends of the lifting rod 16 respectively extend out of the two side openings of the waist-shaped hole, and the upper sides of the two extending ends are rotatably supported with the wheels 17. The upper end surface of the wheel 17 is a spherical surface structure, as shown in the figure. Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the bottom end of the vertical rod 11 extends to a position below the bottom end face of the bridge body, the two ends of the lifting rod 16 extend to below the two adjacent bridge bodies respectively, and the spherical structure of the lifting wheel 17 is rotated and attached to the bottom end face of the bridge body, and the vertical rod 11 is connected to the cover plate 1, so as to enhance the stability of the cover plate 1 attached to the outer wall of the side protection baffle of the bridge body.

[0055] In addition, in addition to the mode of covering the outer wall of the side protection baffle of the bridge body with one cover plate 1, the cover plate 1 can also be divided into two, and the two cover plates 1 are separately attached to the side walls of the adjacent prefabricated bridge bodies, and two extension rods are fixed to the top ends of the opposite side walls of the two cover plates 1, and the two extension rods of the same cover plate 1 are fixed between the end portions of the two extension rods, and the butt plate 10 is slidably connected between the two sliding rods 9, and the axial length of the sliding rod 9 is more than 5 times the width of the butt plate 10, as shown. Figures 4-6 As shown, when the horizontal position of the adjacent bridge body changes, the end portion of the butt plate 10 can slide along the outer wall of the sliding rod 9, so that the position of one of the two adjacent bridge bodies changes in the horizontal direction, and the position change of one of the bridge bodies causes the other bridge body to change, resulting in the shaking of all the bridge bodies.

[0056] The end portion of the butt plate 10 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 9 through the through hole, and the end portion of the butt plate 10 rotates relative to the sliding rod 9, so that the position of one of the two adjacent bridge bodies changes in the vertical direction, and the position change of one of the bridge bodies causes the other bridge body to change, resulting in the shaking of all the bridge bodies.

[0057] The purpose of such arrangement is to avoid the position change of all the bridge bodies to the greatest extent and improve the installation stability of the bridge body.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge, comprising a cover plate (1) for splicing a gap of adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle plates, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) is bent at one end to form a blocking part that fits the inner side wall of the prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, the middle part of the cover plate (1) extends horizontally to form a horizontal pressing part that is pressed on the upper end face of the prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, the other end of the cover plate (1) is bent downward to form a limiting part located outside the prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle, and the width of the cover plate (1) is greater than the gap between adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffles. A buffer part one is arranged on the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part and located in the gap between adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffles. The buffer part one comprises a connecting rod (8), an arc-shaped elastic rod (2), and two L-shaped butt blocks (3), one end of the connecting rod (8) is fixed to the side wall of the limiting part facing the blocking part, a I-shaped clamping block (7) is rotatably arranged at the end of the connecting rod (8), the arc-shaped elastic rod (2) is provided with an adjusting hole one (6) in the side wall, the two L-shaped butt blocks (3) are symmetrically fixed to the two ends of the arc-shaped elastic rod (2), the side walls of the two L-shaped butt blocks (3) are provided with adjusting hole twos (5), a T-shaped positioning pin (4) is slidably inserted into the adjusting hole two (5), and the end of the positioning pin (4) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the corresponding adjacent prefabricated bridge body side protection baffle after extending out of the adjusting hole two (5).

2. The exterior plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge according to claim 1, characterized by: The bottom end face of the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate (1) is provided with a buffer part two, the buffer part two comprises a vertical rod (11) and a plurality of buffer steel rings (12), an inverted door-shaped frame (15) is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the vertical rod (11), and the inverted door-shaped frame (15) is fixed to the bottom end face of the horizontal pressing part of the cover plate (1), the plurality of buffer steel rings (12) are uniformly arranged outside the vertical rod (11), and the plurality of buffer steel rings (12) are coaxially distributed with the vertical rod (11).

3. The external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge according to claim 2, characterized by: A plurality of uniformly spaced connecting discs (13) are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod (11), arc-shaped elastic connecting pieces (14) are fixedly arranged on the bottom end face edge of the connecting disc (13) and extend downward away from the center of the connecting disc (13), and the end of the arc-shaped elastic connecting piece (14) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the buffer steel ring (12).

4. The external plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge according to claim 2, characterized by: A plurality of rectangular sliding holes are formed in the radial side wall of the vertical rod (11), a rectangular cross bar (18) is slidably inserted into the rectangular sliding hole, C-shaped elastic connecting plates (19) are fixedly arranged at the axial ends of the rectangular cross bar (18), matching holes are formed in the radial outer wall of the buffer steel ring (12) and the C-shaped elastic connecting plate (19) penetrates through the matching hole, guide grooves are formed in the inner upper and lower side walls of the matching hole, and guide shafts (21) are rotatably arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the two ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plate (19) and slidably connected with the corresponding guide grooves.

5. The exterior plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge according to claim 4, characterized by: A I-shaped roller (20) is rotatably arranged at the two ends of the C-shaped elastic connecting plate (19) and located outside the buffer steel ring (12).

6. The exterior plate mounting structure of a steel structure bridge according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by: The outer wall of the vertical rod (11) is provided with a waist-shaped hole at the bottom end, a lifting rod (16) is rotatably arranged between the two side walls of the waist-shaped hole, the two ends of the lifting rod (16) respectively extend out of the two side openings of the waist-shaped hole, and the upper sides of the two ends of the extending lifting rod (16) are rotatably provided with a lifting wheel (17), and the upper end surface of the lifting wheel (17) is a spherical surface structure.

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