A wind turbine condition monitoring system and method

Abstract

This invention provides a wind turbine condition monitoring system, including a video clearance monitoring device and a central processing unit. The video clearance monitoring device includes a high-definition camera, a supplementary light, a tower light ring, and a lighting controller. The high-definition camera is installed at the bottom of the nacelle, and the supplementary light is located near the high-definition camera. Both the supplementary light and the tower light ring are connected to the lighting controller, which contains a light sensor and a first data acquisition unit connected to the central processing unit. Two tower light rings are provided, both installed on the tower, with their centers coinciding with the tower's central axis. The first tower light ring is aligned with point A in the height direction, and the second tower light ring is aligned with point B in the height direction. This monitoring system solves the problem of low monitoring accuracy of video clearance monitoring devices in low-light conditions. It monitors the wind turbine through multiple monitoring methods, resulting in good monitoring performance and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine monitoring technology, and in particular to a wind turbine condition monitoring system and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] A wind turbine is a large wind power generation device composed of components such as blades, hub, nacelle, and tower. In recent years, the wind power industry has developed rapidly, and the size, weight, and single-unit capacity of wind turbines have been increasing, leading to a growing demand for intelligent monitoring of wind turbines.

[0003] Wind turbine monitoring includes monitoring the clearance distance between the blades and the tower (e.g., patents CN113915076A, CN113153658A, and CN111336073A) and tower vibration monitoring (CN115199481A, CN113565701A, and CN114577333A). Currently, monitoring technologies for the clearance distance between the blades and the tower mainly include video monitoring and radar monitoring. Among these, video monitoring of the clearance distance has the advantages of being technically mature and having high monitoring accuracy during the day when light is good; however, the monitoring accuracy is easily affected by environmental conditions such as low light at night and strong winds and sandstorms. Furthermore, current tower vibration monitoring is mainly achieved by monitoring the tower's vibration frequency and displacement, but this monitoring is not combined with the rotor rotation angle, failing to reflect the linkage between the two.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to provide a new type of wind turbine condition monitoring system and method to monitor tower clearance and tower condition, thereby reducing the occurrence of wind turbine safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention provides a wind turbine condition monitoring system. This system installs two tower light rings at specific locations on the tower to provide comprehensive air clearance monitoring. Furthermore, the two tower light rings, along with supplementary lighting, solve the problem of low monitoring accuracy in low-light conditions. The system also integrates tower vibration monitoring with rotor rotation position monitoring to detect rotor imbalance or other faults. By employing multiple monitoring methods, the system achieves excellent monitoring results and high safety.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0007] A wind turbine condition monitoring system includes at least a video clearance monitoring device and a central processing unit connected to each other. The video clearance monitoring device includes a high-definition camera, supplementary lighting, a tower light ring, and a lighting controller. The high-definition camera is installed at the bottom of the nacelle between the tower and the blades, capturing images of the blades and the tower. The high-definition camera is connected to the central processing unit. The supplementary lighting is installed at the bottom of the nacelle near the high-definition camera. Both the supplementary lighting and the tower light ring are connected to the lighting controller. The lighting controller contains a light sensor and a first data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit is connected to the central processing unit. The light sensor monitors ambient light intensity data, and the first data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the light sensor and transmits the data to the light sensor and the central processing unit. When the ambient light intensity is lower than a set threshold, the lighting controller controls the activation of the supplementary lighting and the tower light ring.

[0008] The tower light ring is provided in two parts, namely the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring. Both tower light rings are installed on the tower. The installation positions of the two tower light rings meet the following conditions: the center of both tower light rings coincides with the central axis of the tower; the first tower light ring is aligned with point A in the height direction; and the second tower light ring is aligned with point B in the height direction.

[0009] The method for determining point A is as follows: rotate a blade in a normal state to the lowest point, take the center point O1 at the root of the blade as the center, and draw a circle O1 with the length of the line connecting point O1 and the tip point C of the blade as the radius. The intersection of circle O1 and the vertical projection of the tower is A.

[0010] Method for determining point B: Rotate a blade in normal condition to its lowest point. Take the point with a high risk of breakage in the blade strength simulation analysis or the point with the most breakage in previous blade breakage accidents as the center O2. Draw a circle O2 with the length of the line connecting point O2 and the blade tip point C as the radius. The intersection of circle O2 and the vertical projection of the tower is B.

[0011] The wind turbine condition monitoring system also includes a vibration monitoring device and an impeller rotation angle position monitoring device. The vibration monitoring device is installed at the center of the top of the tower and monitors the tower's vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement data in real time. The impeller rotation angle position monitoring device is installed inside the blade root hub to determine the impeller's rotation angle position and the position of each blade.

[0012] The video clearance monitoring device, vibration monitoring device, impeller rotation angle position monitoring device, and central processing unit are all connected to the tower base cabinet at the bottom of the tower to obtain electrical energy.

[0013] The vibration monitoring device includes a vibration sensor and a second data acquisition instrument. The vibration sensor is installed at the center of the top of the tower and is connected to the second data acquisition instrument. The second data acquisition instrument is connected to the central processing unit. The vibration sensor monitors the vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement data of the tower. The second data acquisition instrument collects the data monitored by the vibration sensor and transmits the data to the central processing unit.

[0014] The impeller rotation angle position monitoring device includes a first acceleration sensor, a second acceleration sensor, and a third data acquisition unit. The installation positions of the two acceleration sensors meet the following conditions:

[0015] a1. The first accelerometer and the second accelerometer are located on a circle with the impeller rotation center as the center, and the two form a 90° angle with each other;

[0016] a2. The plane containing the monitoring direction axes of the two acceleration sensors is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the impeller, and the intersection of the two axes is on the axis of rotation of the impeller.

[0017] a3. The monitoring direction axis of the first acceleration sensor is set in the plane where the blade root flange axis of the first blade and the impeller rotation center axis are located;

[0018] The first accelerometer and the second accelerometer are both connected to the third data acquisition unit, which is connected to the central processing unit. The third data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the two accelerometers and transmits the data to the central processing unit.

[0019] The supplemental lighting is a laser spotlight, which includes a lamp body and a support. The lamp body is connected to the support, which is installed at the bottom of the nacelle. The angle between the lamp body and the support is adjusted according to the need to illuminate the tips of the blades.

[0020] The two tower light rings have the same structure, both including a mounting bracket, an arc-shaped groove, a cable, and a light strip. The arc-shaped groove is mounted on the tower via the mounting bracket. The arc-shaped groove is provided with a cable groove and a light strip groove, with the cable groove located on the inner side and the light strip groove located on the outer side. The cable is installed on the cable groove, and the light strip is installed on the light strip groove. The cable and the light strip are connected.

[0021] The lower surface of the bottom plate of the arc-shaped groove is a horizontal surface, and the upper surface of the bottom plate is an inclined surface with the inner side higher and the outer side lower. The angle between the upper surface and the lower surface is in the range of 0.5° to 3°. The bottom of the outer edge of the cable groove and the light strip groove are provided with annular drainage grooves and annularly spaced drainage holes.

[0022] A solar power source is connected to the arc-shaped groove, and the solar power source is connected to a cable to supply power to the light strip.

[0023] The mounting brackets are arranged in a ring at intervals and connected between the tower and the arc-shaped groove. The mounting brackets include an outer bracket and an inner bracket, which are telescopically connected. The inner bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the tower, and the outer bracket is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped groove.

[0024] The present invention also provides a monitoring method for a wind turbine condition monitoring system, comprising the following steps: S1, the light sensor monitors the ambient light intensity in real time and transmits the ambient light intensity data to the lighting controller and the central processing unit through the first data acquisition instrument; when the ambient light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns on the two tower light rings and the supplementary light; when the ambient light intensity is higher than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns off the two tower light rings and the supplementary light.

[0025] S2. During wind turbine operation, high-definition cameras capture real-time images of the blades and tower, transmitting these images to the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU stores and analyzes the received images, using the following analysis and judgment methods:

[0026] S2.1 The image processing software in the central processing unit analyzes the image. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the two tower light rings are not turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the physical ring features of the first and second tower light rings. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the tower light rings are turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the shape and brightness features of the first and second tower light rings.

[0027] S2.2 The image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the blade tip based on the shape features and grayscale contrast of the blade tip;

[0028] The S2.3 central processing unit calculates the distance L1 between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring, respectively, based on the pixel distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring. The tower clearance is considered normal only when L1 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring, and L2 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the second tower light ring. If either of them reaches the set threshold, the central processing unit will issue a warning that the tower clearance is too small.

[0029] S3. When the wind turbine rotor rotates, the rotor rotation angle position monitoring device monitors the acceleration data in real time. The third data acquisition instrument transmits the collected data to the central processing unit. After analyzing and calculating the acceleration data, the central processing unit obtains the real-time rotational speed of the rotor and the real-time position of the three blades.

[0030] S4. During the operation of the wind turbine, the vibration monitoring device monitors the vibration information of the top of the tower in real time and transmits it to the central processing unit through the second data acquisition instrument. The central processing unit, in conjunction with the rotor rotation angle information, marks the vibration data of the top of the tower every 5° of rotor rotation, starting from the lowest position of a certain blade. If, under the same wind speed and within 1 minute, the difference in vibration data between two rotation angle positions that are multiples of 120° apart reaches the set threshold, the central processing unit will issue an early warning.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] 1. The video clearance monitoring device in the wind turbine condition monitoring system provided by the present invention has two tower light rings installed on the tower. The installation positions of the two tower light rings are related to the blade root and the location points with a high risk of breakage in the blade strength simulation analysis or the location points with the most breakage problems in previous blade breakage accidents. It can monitor the clearance in all directions, with good monitoring effect and high safety.

[0033] Moreover, the two tower light rings can emit light even in low light conditions, which, together with the supplementary lighting, solves the problem of low monitoring accuracy of video airspace monitoring devices in low light conditions.

[0034] 2. The wind turbine condition monitoring system provided by this invention also includes a rotor angle position monitoring device and a vibration monitoring device, combining tower vibration monitoring with rotor angle position monitoring to monitor rotor imbalance or other faults, resulting in high operational safety of the wind turbine. This invention uses multiple monitoring methods to monitor the wind turbine, achieving good monitoring results and high safety.

[0035] 3. The tower light ring of this invention includes an arc-shaped groove, a cable, and a light strip, etc. It has a simple structure and is easy to install. Moreover, the mounting support is a telescopic structure, which can meet the application needs of towers with different diameters. The arc-shaped groove is provided with a cable groove and a light strip groove, with the cable groove on the inside and the light strip groove on the outside. The upper surface of the bottom plate of the arc-shaped groove is an inclined surface with the inside higher and the outside lower, which makes it convenient for the light strip to be captured by a high-definition camera. The bottom of the outer edge of the cable groove and the light strip groove are provided with drainage grooves and drainage holes to avoid the accumulation of liquid water inside. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is an installation diagram of the wind turbine condition monitoring system provided in this invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser spotlight in this invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a structural plan view of the body of the laser spotlight in this invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the first tower lamp ring in this invention;

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first tower lamp ring in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first tower lamp ring in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the impeller rotation angle position monitoring device in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the impeller rotation angle position monitoring device in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0045] In the diagram: 100 - point A, 200 - point B, 300 - point C, 400 - point O1, 500 - circle O1, 600 - point O2, 700 - circle O2, 800 - the plane containing the monitoring direction axes of the two accelerometers, 900 - the axis of rotation of the impeller.

[0046] 1-High-definition camera, 2-Laser spotlight, 21-Lamp body, 22-Support, 31-Mounting bracket, 311-Outer bracket, 312-Inner bracket, 313-Fasting bolt, 32-Cable, 33-Light strip, 34-Cable groove, 35-Light strip groove, 36-Drainage groove, 37-Drainage hole, 4-Vibration sensor, 5-First acceleration sensor, 6-Second acceleration sensor, 7-First blade. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] The wind turbine condition monitoring system provided by the present invention includes a video clearance monitoring device, a vibration monitoring device, an impeller rotation angle position monitoring device, and a central processing unit. The video clearance monitoring device, the vibration monitoring device, and the impeller rotation angle position monitoring device are all connected to the central processing unit and transmit the monitored signals to the central processing unit.

[0049] Specifically, the video clearance monitoring device, vibration monitoring device, impeller rotation angle position monitoring device, and central processing unit (not shown in the figure) are all connected to the tower bottom cabinet at the bottom of the tower to obtain electrical energy.

[0050] In this embodiment, the video clearance monitoring device includes a high-definition camera 1, a supplementary light, a tower light ring, and a lighting controller. The high-definition camera is installed at the bottom of the nacelle, located between the tower and the blades, and captures images of the blades and the tower. The high-definition camera is connected to the central processing unit (CPU) via wired or wireless means, thereby transmitting the image information to the CPU. Figure 1 As shown.

[0051] The supplementary lighting is installed at the bottom of the cabin, near the high-definition camera. Specifically, the supplementary lighting is laser spotlight 2, see [link / details]. Figure 1 The laser spotlight includes a lamp body 21 and a support 22, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown. The lamp body is connected to a support, which is bolted to the bottom of the nacelle. The angle between the lamp body and the support is adjusted according to the need to illuminate the blade tips. Furthermore, the support and the lamp body are hinged together, and the angle between the lamp body and the support is adjusted by bolts connected at the hinge. See... Figure 2 The laser spotlight has multiple light sources arranged side by side inside its body, see... Figure 3 .

[0052] In this embodiment, two tower light rings are provided, namely a first tower light ring and a second tower light ring. Both tower light rings are installed on the tower, and the installation positions of the two tower light rings meet the following conditions: the centers of both tower light rings coincide with the central axis of the tower; the first tower light ring is aligned with point A100 in the height direction; and the second tower light ring is aligned with point B200 in the height direction. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 ;

[0053] The method for determining point A is as follows: rotate a blade in a normal state to the lowest point, take the center point O1400 at the root of the blade as the center, and draw a circle O1500 with the length of the line connecting point O1 and the tip point C300 of the blade as the radius. The intersection of circle O1 and the vertical projection of the tower is A.

[0054] Method for determining point B: Rotate a blade in normal condition to its lowest point. Take the point with a high risk of breakage in the blade strength simulation analysis or the point with the most breakage in previous blade breakage accidents as the center O2. Draw a circle O2700 with the length of the line connecting point O2600 and the blade tip point C as the radius. The intersection of circle O2 and the vertical projection of the tower is B.

[0055] The supplementary lighting and the two tower light rings are all connected to a lighting controller (not shown in the figure). The lighting controller is equipped with a light sensor and a first data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit is connected to the central processing unit. The light sensor monitors the ambient light intensity data, and the first data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the light sensor and transmits the data to the light sensor and the central processing unit via wired or wireless means. When the ambient light intensity is lower than a set threshold, the lighting controller controls the activation of the supplementary lighting and the tower light rings. Specifically, each of the supplementary lighting and the two tower light rings is equipped with a lighting controller for separate control.

[0056] Specifically, the two tower light rings have identical structures. Taking the first tower light ring as an example, the first tower light ring includes a mounting bracket 31, an arc-shaped groove, a cable 32, and a light strip 33. The arc-shaped groove is mounted on the tower via the mounting bracket. A cable groove 34 and a light strip groove 35 are provided on the arc-shaped groove, with the cable groove located on the inner side and the light strip groove on the outer side. The cable is installed on the cable groove, and the light strip is installed on the light strip groove. The cable and the light strip are connected, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure. In this embodiment, a solar power source (not shown in the figure) is connected to the arc-shaped groove. The solar power source is connected to a cable to supply power to the light strip.

[0057] Furthermore, the bottom of the outer edge of both the cable trough and the light strip trough is provided with annular drainage grooves 36 and annularly spaced drainage holes 37, such as... Figure 6 As shown, this design prevents liquid water from accumulating in cable trays and LED strip trays. The lower surface of the base plate of the arc-shaped tray is horizontal, while the upper surface is an inclined surface with a higher inner side and a lower outer side. The angle between the upper and lower surfaces ranges from 0.5° to 3°. Figure 7 As shown, this design facilitates both drainage and allows the light strip to be captured by a high-definition camera. The mounting brackets are arranged in a ring-shaped, spaced pattern between the tower and the arc-shaped groove. The mounting brackets include an outer bracket 311 and an inner bracket 312, which are telescopically connected. In this embodiment, the outer bracket extends into the inner bracket, and the length of both is adjustable. They are fixed together by fastening bolts 313. (See...) Figure 6 and Figure 7 This allows for applications with towers of varying diameters. Specifically, the inner support is fixed to the outer wall of the tower via adhesive or magnetic attachment, while the outer support is fixed to the bottom surface of the arc-shaped groove via welding or adhesive, thus supporting the arc-shaped groove. To facilitate installation, the arc-shaped groove can be constructed by splicing together multiple arc-shaped sections.

[0058] In this embodiment, the vibration monitoring device is installed at the center of the top of the tower. The vibration monitoring device includes a vibration sensor 4 and a second data acquisition instrument (not shown in the figure). The vibration sensor is installed at the center of the top of the tower. Figure 1The vibration sensor is connected to the second data acquisition unit, which is connected to the central processing unit. The vibration sensor monitors the vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement data of the tower. The second data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the vibration sensor and transmits the data to the central processing unit.

[0059] The impeller angular position monitoring device is installed inside the impeller root hub to determine the angular position of the impeller and the position of each blade. The impeller angular position monitoring device includes a first acceleration sensor 5, a second acceleration sensor 6, and a third data acquisition unit (not shown in the figure). The installation positions of the two acceleration sensors meet the following conditions, as detailed in [reference needed]. Figure 8 and Figure 9 :

[0060] a1. The first accelerometer and the second accelerometer are located on a circle with the impeller rotation center as the center, and the two form a 90° angle with each other;

[0061] a2. The plane containing the monitoring direction axes of the two acceleration sensors is perpendicular to the impeller rotation center axis at 80°, and the intersection of the two axes is on the impeller rotation center axis.

[0062] a3. The monitoring direction axis of the first accelerometer is set in the plane where the blade root flange axis of the first blade 7 and the rotation center axis 900 of the impeller are located, that is, the rotation center axes of the impeller and the two accelerometers are on a straight line.

[0063] The first and second accelerometers are both connected to the third data acquisition unit, which is connected to the central processing unit. The third data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the two accelerometers and transmits the data to the central processing unit, which can determine the current rotation angle of the impeller and the position of each blade.

[0064] The monitoring method of the wind turbine condition monitoring system provided by the present invention includes the following steps: S1, the light sensor monitors the ambient light intensity in real time, and transmits the ambient light intensity data to the lighting controller and the central processing unit through the first data acquisition instrument; when the ambient light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns on the two tower light rings and the supplementary lights to ensure high visibility even at night or in other dimly lit environments; when the ambient light intensity is higher than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns off the two tower light rings and the supplementary lights.

[0065] S2. During wind turbine operation, high-definition cameras capture real-time images of the blades and tower, transmitting these images to the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU stores and analyzes the received images, using the following analysis and judgment methods:

[0066] S2.1 The image processing software in the central processing unit analyzes the image. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the two tower light rings are not turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the physical ring features of the first and second tower light rings. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the tower light rings are turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the shape features (i.e., the shape features of the light strips) and brightness features of the first and second tower light rings.

[0067] S2.2 The image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the blade tip based on the shape features and grayscale contrast of the blade tip;

[0068] The S2.3 central processing unit calculates the distance L1 between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring, respectively, based on the pixel distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring. The tower clearance is considered normal only when L1 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring, and L2 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the second tower light ring. If either of them reaches the set threshold, the central processing unit will issue a warning that the tower clearance is too small.

[0069] S3. When the wind turbine rotor rotates, the two acceleration sensors in the rotor rotation angle position monitoring device monitor the acceleration data in real time. The third data acquisition instrument collects the data monitored by the two acceleration sensors and transmits the data to the central processing unit via wired or wireless mode. After analyzing and calculating the acceleration data, the central processing unit obtains the real-time rotation speed of the rotor and the real-time position of the three blades.

[0070] S4. During the operation of the wind turbine, the vibration monitoring device monitors the vibration information of the top of the tower in real time and transmits it to the central processing unit through the second data acquisition instrument. The central processing unit, in conjunction with the rotor rotation angle information, marks the vibration data of the top of the tower every 5° of rotor rotation, starting from the lowest position of a certain blade. If, under the same wind speed and within 1 minute, the difference in vibration data between two rotation angle positions that are multiples of 120° apart reaches the set threshold, it indicates that there is a serious rotor imbalance problem or other fault, and the central processing unit will issue an early warning.

Claims

1. A wind turbine condition monitoring system, comprising at least a video clearance monitoring device and a central processing unit connected to each other, wherein the video clearance monitoring device includes a high-definition camera and a supplementary light, wherein the high-definition camera is installed at the bottom of the nacelle between the tower and the blades, and captures image information of the blades and the tower, and the high-definition camera is connected to the central processing unit, characterized in that: The video airspace monitoring device also includes a tower light ring and a lighting controller. The supplementary light is installed at the bottom of the nacelle near the high-definition camera. Both the supplementary light and the tower light ring are connected to the lighting controller. The lighting controller is equipped with a light sensor and a first data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit is connected to the central processing unit. The light sensor monitors the ambient light intensity data, and the first data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the light sensor and transmits the data to the light sensor and the central processing unit. When the ambient light intensity is lower than a set threshold, the lighting controller controls the activation of the supplementary light and the tower light ring. The tower light ring is provided in two parts, namely the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring. Both tower light rings are installed on the tower. The installation positions of the two tower light rings meet the following conditions: the center of both tower light rings coincides with the central axis of the tower; the first tower light ring is aligned with point A in the height direction; and the second tower light ring is aligned with point B in the height direction. The method for determining point A is as follows: rotate a blade in a normal state to the lowest point, take the center point O1 at the root of the blade as the center, and draw a circle O1 with the length of the line connecting point O1 and the tip point C of the blade as the radius. The intersection of circle O1 and the vertical projection of the tower is A. Method for determining point B: Rotate a blade in normal condition to its lowest point. Take the point with a high risk of breakage in the blade strength simulation analysis or the point with the most breakage in previous blade breakage accidents as the center O2. Draw a circle O2 with the length of the line connecting point O2 and the blade tip point C as the radius. The intersection of circle O2 and the vertical projection of the tower is B.

2. The wind turbine condition monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine condition monitoring system also includes a vibration monitoring device and an impeller rotation angle position monitoring device. The vibration monitoring device is installed at the center of the top of the tower and monitors the tower's vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement data in real time. The impeller rotation angle position monitoring device is installed inside the blade root hub to determine the impeller's rotation angle position and the position of each blade. The video clearance monitoring device, vibration monitoring device, impeller rotation angle position monitoring device, and central processing unit are all connected to the tower base cabinet at the bottom of the tower to obtain electrical energy.

3. The wind turbine condition monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: The vibration monitoring device includes a vibration sensor and a second data acquisition instrument. The vibration sensor is installed at the center of the top of the tower and is connected to the second data acquisition instrument. The second data acquisition instrument is connected to the central processing unit. The vibration sensor monitors the vibration acceleration, vibration velocity, and vibration displacement data of the tower. The second data acquisition instrument collects the data monitored by the vibration sensor and transmits the data to the central processing unit.

4. The wind turbine generator condition monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: The impeller rotation angle position monitoring device includes a first acceleration sensor, a second acceleration sensor, and a third data acquisition unit. The installation positions of the two acceleration sensors meet the following conditions: a1. The first accelerometer and the second accelerometer are located on a circle with the impeller rotation center as the center, and the two form a 90° angle with each other; a2. The plane containing the monitoring direction axes of the two acceleration sensors is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the impeller, and the intersection of the two axes is on the axis of rotation of the impeller. a3. The monitoring direction axis of the first acceleration sensor is set in the plane where the blade root flange axis of the first blade and the impeller rotation center axis are located; The first accelerometer and the second accelerometer are both connected to the third data acquisition unit, which is connected to the central processing unit. The third data acquisition unit collects the data monitored by the two accelerometers and transmits the data to the central processing unit.

5. The wind turbine generator condition monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: The supplemental lighting is a laser spotlight, which includes a lamp body and a support. The lamp body is connected to the support, which is installed at the bottom of the nacelle. The angle between the lamp body and the support is adjusted according to the need to illuminate the tips of the blades.

6. The wind turbine generator condition monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: The two tower light rings have the same structure, both including a mounting bracket, an arc-shaped groove, a cable, and a light strip. The arc-shaped groove is mounted on the tower via the mounting bracket. The arc-shaped groove is provided with a cable groove and a light strip groove, with the cable groove located on the inner side and the light strip groove located on the outer side. The cable is installed on the cable groove, and the light strip is installed on the light strip groove. The cable and the light strip are connected.

7. The wind turbine condition monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein: The lower surface of the bottom plate of the arc-shaped groove is a horizontal surface, and the upper surface of the bottom plate is an inclined surface with the inner side higher and the outer side lower. The angle between the upper surface and the lower surface is in the range of 0.5° to 3°. The bottom of the outer edge of the cable groove and the light strip groove are provided with annular drainage grooves and annularly spaced drainage holes.

8. The wind turbine condition monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A solar power source is connected to the arc-shaped groove, and the solar power source is connected to a cable to supply power to the light strip.

9. The wind turbine condition monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein: The mounting brackets are arranged in a ring at intervals and connected between the tower and the arc-shaped groove. The mounting brackets include an outer bracket and an inner bracket, which are telescopically connected. The inner bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the tower, and the outer bracket is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped groove.

10. A method of monitoring a wind turbine condition monitoring system according to claim 2, characterised by Includes the following steps: S1. The light sensor monitors the ambient light intensity in real time and transmits the ambient light intensity data to the lighting controller and central processing unit through the first data acquisition instrument. When the ambient light intensity is lower than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns on the two tower light rings and the supplementary light. When the ambient light intensity is higher than the set threshold, the lighting controller turns off the two tower light rings and the supplementary light. S2. During wind turbine operation, high-definition cameras capture real-time images of the blades and tower, transmitting these images to the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU stores and analyzes the received images, using the following analysis and judgment methods: S2.1 The image processing software in the central processing unit analyzes the image. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the two tower light rings are not turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the physical ring features of the first and second tower light rings. If the light intensity data signal received by the central processing unit shows that the tower light rings are turned on, the image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the two tower light rings based on the shape and brightness features of the first and second tower light rings. S2.2 The image processing software in the central processing unit identifies the blade tip based on the shape features and grayscale contrast of the blade tip; The S2.3 central processing unit calculates the distance L1 between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring, respectively, based on the pixel distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring and the second tower light ring. The tower clearance is considered normal only when L1 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the first tower light ring, and L2 is greater than the set threshold for the distance between the blade tip and the second tower light ring. If either of them reaches the set threshold, the central processing unit will issue a warning that the tower clearance is too small. S3. When the wind turbine rotor rotates, the rotor rotation angle position monitoring device monitors the acceleration data in real time. The third data acquisition instrument transmits the collected data to the central processing unit. After analyzing and calculating the acceleration data, the central processing unit obtains the real-time rotational speed of the rotor and the real-time position of the three blades. S4. During the operation of the wind turbine, the vibration monitoring device monitors the vibration information of the top of the tower in real time and transmits it to the central processing unit through the second data acquisition instrument. The central processing unit, in conjunction with the rotor rotation angle information, marks the vibration data of the top of the tower every 5° of rotor rotation, starting from the lowest position of a certain blade. If, under the same wind speed and within 1 minute, the difference in vibration data between two rotation angle positions that are multiples of 120° apart reaches the set threshold, the central processing unit will issue an early warning.

Images