Multilayered structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product and its preparation method and application, multilayer structure product includes three layers, first layer is pure polyurethane foam layer, the second layer for polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer in the middle, third layer is pure foamed ceramic layer or pure polyurethane foam layer, preparation method will be part of foamed ceramic impregnated in foaming slurry or foamed ceramic is all impregnated in foaming slurry middle, carry out vacuum treatment, make the inside of impregnated part of foamed ceramic immerse in foaming slurry, then vacuum treatment, then be placed in steamer, in 90-100 DEG C water vapor environment normal pressure treatment, make foaming slurry meet water foaming, subsequent normal temperature normal pressure curing 12-24h, water vapor foaming in steamer obtains multilayer structure product.The multilayer structure product prepared by the application can effectively solve the technical problems of poor low-frequency acoustic performance, low compressive strength, high brittleness and other shortcomings of pure foamed ceramic.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Foamed ceramic is a kind of existing product, which is a porous body with a three-dimensional network structure of interconnected channels, and has the characteristics of large specific surface area, small density, small thermal conductivity, small relative density, and large porosity. As a new type of material with good energy absorption capacity and damping performance, foamed ceramic is currently widely used in thermal insulation, sound insulation, and soundproofing materials. However, due to the large number of internal and external interconnected micro voids and pores in foamed ceramic materials, foamed ceramic has the disadvantages of poor low-frequency acoustic performance, low compressive strength, and high brittleness.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN201570255U discloses a wedge-shaped composite ceramic impedance sound barrier, which is designed by arranging N triangular protrusions longitudinally on the front surface of the foamed ceramic plate, and all the triangular protrusions are included on the front surface of the box. The preparation process generates a large number of small holes to solve the problem of small sound absorption and unsatisfactory noise reduction effect of existing similar sound barriers. However, the overall device design is complex, the triangular design requires high precision, and the production cost is high.

[0004] There are also studies on the combination of foamed ceramic and sound-absorbing materials, such as Chinese patent document CN104631353B, which discloses a full-frequency sound-absorbing and noise-reducing device. The sound-absorbing material layer (foamed rubber, foamed ceramic, and foamed aluminum) is arranged in the cavity formed by the faceplate, backplate, cover plate, bottom plate, and two side plates to broaden the sound absorption frequency band.

[0005] Or by physical filling modification method can also change the acoustic performance of foamed ceramic in low frequency, such as Chinese patent document CN104987125A, which discloses a preparation method of carbon nanotube modified foamed ceramic. Although the above methods can improve the noise reduction performance of the material, the types of materials required are complex and expensive, and the experimental operation involved is complex, which is not ideal for industrialization.

[0006] After searching, no research on the acoustic performance of high molecular porous material composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure material has been found, and the method of using post-supplemental water vapor to foam the polyurethane foam slurry is also very novel.

[0007] Therefore, the present application is proposed.

[0008] It should be noted that the description of the novelty of the technical means of the present application, such as the above-mentioned method of foaming the polyurethane foam slurry by using post-supplement water vapor, is only intended to increase the understanding of the present application and should not be regarded as acknowledging or implying in any form that the technical problem corresponding to the information of the technical means is whether to adopt the technical means. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application aims to provide a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product and a preparation method and application thereof. The prepared polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product can effectively solve the technical problems of poor low-frequency acoustic performance, low compressive strength, and high brittleness of pure foamed ceramic.

[0010] The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

[0011] The preparation method of the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0012] S1. uniformly mixing polyol, catalyst, foam stabilizer, and pore opener to obtain component A;

[0013] S2. uniformly mixing isocyanate and component A to obtain foaming slurry;

[0014] S3. immersing part of the foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry or immersing the entire foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry, and performing vacuum treatment to immerse the inside of the immersed foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry;

[0015] S4. performing vacuum treatment on the foamed ceramic immersed in the foaming slurry to extract excess foaming slurry and realize slurry hanging on the surface of the foamed ceramic skeleton;

[0016] S5. placing the foamed ceramic with slurry hanging on the surface in a steamer and performing normal pressure treatment in a water vapor environment at 90-100 DEG C to make the foaming slurry foam when meeting water, and then curing for 12-24 hours at normal temperature and normal pressure to obtain the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product.

[0017] When part of the foamed ceramic is immersed in the foaming slurry in S3, the third layer of the obtained multi-layer structure product is a pure polyurethane foam layer. When the entire foamed ceramic is immersed in the foaming slurry in S3, the third layer of the obtained multi-layer structure product is a pure polyurethane foam layer.

[0018] Further, in S1, the polyol includes a mixture of one or more of polyoxypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol, polyether polyol YD-204, polyether polyol YD-305, polyether polyol YD-4110A, polyether polyol POP-36 / 28, polyether polyol POP-93 / 28, polyether polyol POP-20 / 45, adipic acid polyester diol 2000, and polyethylene glycol adipate diethylene glycol ester diol. Among them, YD-204, YD-305, YD-4110A, POP-36 / 28, POP-93 / 28, and POP-20 / 45 are product models of polyether polyols.

[0019] Further, in S1, the catalyst includes a mixture of one or more of triethylenediamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, pentamethyldiethylene triamine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, stannous octoate, dibutyl tin dilaurate, and catalyst Dabco-33-LV. Among them, Dabco-33-LV is a product model of a catalyst, which can be prepared by reacting triethylenediamine hexahydrate and dipropylene glycol, and is an amine catalyst.

[0020] Further, in S1, the foam stabilizer includes a mixture of one or more of non-hydrolyzed water-soluble polyether siloxane, non-ionic fluorocarbon compound, and polyethylene oxide.

[0021] Further, in S1, the cell opener includes a mixture of one or more of polybutadiene, dimethyl polysiloxane, polyoxypropylene-ethylene oxide copolyether, and polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxane copolymer.

[0022] Further, in S2, the isocyanate includes a mixture of one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.

[0023] Further, the weight ratio of the polyol, the catalyst, the foam stabilizer, the cell opener, and the isocyanate mixed with the A component of the five substances of the A component is (40-60):(0.5-5):(10-20):(0.1-0.5):(20-60).

[0024] A polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product of the present application is prepared by the preparation method described above.

[0025] Further, the thickness ratio of the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer is (0.1-2):(1-2):(0.1-2), and further preferably the thickness ratio is (0.5-2):(1-2):(0.5-2).

[0026] The polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product prepared by the method has a density of 300-400 kg / m 3 , a thermal conductivity of 0.03-0.05 W / (m·K), and a sound absorption initial frequency point of 100-450 Hz, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the multilayer structure product in the frequency range of 500-1000 Hz is 0.34-0.51, and the average sound insulation amount in the frequency range of 160-6300 Hz is 20-40 dB.

[0027] The application of the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product in a highway sound barrier.

[0028] In the above technical solution,

[0029] The present application provides a method for producing a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic product by adding a foaming agent after the foaming process.

[0030] The polyurethane foam is a polymer porous material obtained by the reaction of a polyol and an isocyanate, and has high mechanical strength and good thermal insulation performance. Filling foamed ceramic with polyurethane foam can effectively improve the compressive performance of the material, but through retrieval, no relevant patents have been found that pre-fill the polyurethane foam slurry into the foaming process and then use external high-temperature steam as a foaming agent to make the polyurethane slurry foam, and no research on the acoustic performance of composite multilayer structure materials has been found. The present application effectively improves the noise reduction performance of foamed ceramic in the low and medium frequency range while retaining the original thermal insulation performance of the material, which will effectively improve its application in the field of highway sound barriers, especially in the sound absorption frequency range of 500-1000 Hz, and provide a new material system for noise reduction in the transportation field. The present application is simple to operate and has low production cost, and can realize industrial production.

[0031] The existing foamed ceramic for highway sound barriers generally has the problems of large thickness, difficulty in handling, high brittleness and easy damage during transportation. The present application provides a method for producing a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic by adding a foaming agent after the foaming process. The method is based on polyurethane foaming technology and is realized by vacuum and steamer treatment to obtain a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product, which effectively solves the technical problems of poor low-frequency acoustic performance, low compressive strength and high brittleness of pure foamed ceramic.

[0032] The combination of pure polyurethane foam layer, polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer and pure foamed ceramic layer with different thickness ratios can further realize the optimization of the acoustic performance of the functional integrated composite multilayer structure.

[0033] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0034] The present application provides a kind of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product and its preparation method and application.Previously slurry is filled in the preparation method, then foaming forming, solve the problem that rapid foaming cannot realize uniform and effective composite inside.

[0035] The present application is based on polyurethane foam foaming technology, by vacuum, steamer treatment, realize in-situ filling polyurethane foam in foamed ceramic micropore, effectively improve the heat insulation and noise reduction performance of foamed ceramic.

[0036] The microcell structure of the filled polyurethane foam can be changed by changing the component ratio, and the performance of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic layer in the multilayer composite structure can be optimized.

[0037] At the same time, the thickness ratio of each structure layer in the multilayer composite structure can be adjusted to further optimize the integrated acoustic performance.

[0038] The production of this multilayer structure product will realize a significant reduction in the thickness of foamed ceramic for sound barrier under the same noise reduction technical index requirement, which can not only reduce the complexity of installation but also effectively reduce the transportation cost of materials.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present application are described in detail as follows from four aspects:

[0040] Firstly, the present application uses the water evaporated in the steamer as the foaming agent for the polyurethane foam mixed foaming slurry, so that the polyurethane in the foamed ceramic foams, and fills the foam in-situ in the micropore of the foamed ceramic, forming a flexible multilayer pore structure that can effectively synergize with the original ceramic hard pore structure, which is beneficial to improve the noise reduction performance of the composite material.

[0041] Secondly, the present application can grow a layer of polyurethane foam on the surface of the foamed ceramic material, and the surface of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer is a pure polyurethane foam structure, which reduces the thermal conductivity of the composite material from 0.10-0.13 W / (m·K) to 0.03-0.05 W / (m·K), and improves the heat insulation performance of the foamed ceramic material itself.

[0042] In a third aspect, the multi-layer composite structure composed of the pure polyurethane foam layer, the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite layer and the pure ceramic foam layer has significantly improved noise reduction performance compared to the pure ceramic foam. In the sound absorption frequency band of 160-6300 Hz, the average sound insulation of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer composite structure is increased by 200-500% compared to the average sound insulation of the pure ceramic foam. The sound absorption curve of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product is shifted to a lower frequency compared to the sound absorption curve of the pure ceramic foam. In the frequency band of 500-1000 Hz, the average sound absorption coefficient of the pure ceramic foam is only 0.23-0.26, while the average sound absorption coefficient of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product is 0.34-0.51, which is increased by 48-122%, and the application of the ceramic foam material as a low-frequency sound absorption material is widened.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, further, the noise reduction performance of the multi-layer composite structure can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness ratio of each structure layer in the multi-layer composite structure, for example, by changing the thickness of the filled polyurethane foam layer, and the thickness of the impregnated ceramic foam slurry can also be changed to determine the thickness of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite layer in the multi-layer composite structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Brief description of the drawings is given below, but is not a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0045] Figure 1 The front view photograph of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0046] Figure 2 The bottom view photograph of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0047] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0048] Figure 4 The sound absorption curve of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product and the pure ceramic foam prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0049] Figure 5 The sound insulation curve of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product and the pure ceramic foam prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0050] Figure 6 The sound absorption mechanism diagram of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam multi-layer structure product prepared in Example 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The application will be described in detail below through specific examples and comparative examples, but the use and purpose of these exemplary embodiments are only used to exemplify the application, and do not constitute any form of any limitation on the actual protection scope of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application thereto.

[0052] Comparative Example 1

[0053] Comparative Example 1 is a cylindrical pure foamed ceramic sample with a bottom diameter of 2.9 cm and 10 cm, a height of 2-5 cm, an average density of 412 kg / m 3 , a thermal conductivity of 0.10-0.13 W / (m·K), and a sound absorption starting frequency point of 500-700 Hz.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The preparation method of a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure product of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0056] In a disposable plastic cup, 50 g of polyether polyol POP-36 / 28, 12.5 g of polyether siloxane foam stabilizer AK8805, 1 g of triethanolamine, and 0.4 g of catalyst Dabco-33-LV were sequentially added and mixed uniformly with a glass rod to obtain component A.

[0057] To the disposable plastic cup containing component A, 40 g of polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate was added and mixed uniformly to obtain a foaming slurry. The foamed ceramic (height 2 cm, bottom diameter 10 cm, density 426 kg / m 3 ) requiring polyurethane foam composite was partially immersed in the foaming slurry with a height of 1 cm, and vacuum treatment was performed to make the foaming slurry inside the foamed ceramic have a thickness of 1 cm. The foamed ceramic immersed in the foaming slurry was subjected to multiple vacuum treatments to make the surface adhere to a layer of foaming slurry, and the excess foaming slurry in the foamed ceramic was extracted. The immersion thickness of the foaming slurry in the foamed ceramic determines the thickness of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer in the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multi-layer structure.

[0058] The foamed ceramic with surface slurry was placed in a steamer and treated at 100°C in a water vapor environment under normal pressure for 2 h. The sample was taken out and placed at room temperature under normal pressure for 24 h to obtain a multi-layer composite structure sample with a polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic layer.

[0059] The prepared polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) was cut into a sample with a height (i.e. thickness) of 4 cm, wherein the multilayer structure sample comprises a 1 cm high pure ceramic foam layer, a 1 cm high polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite layer and a 2 cm high pure polyurethane foam layer. The prepared polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) was cut into a sample with a height of 2 cm and a bottom surface diameter of 2.9 cm, and a sample with a bottom surface diameter of 10 cm, respectively, for acoustic testing.

[0060] wherein Figures 1-2 A photograph of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure product is shown. Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure product is shown. The polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure product comprises three layers, a first layer being a pure polyurethane foam layer 1, a second layer in the middle being a polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite layer 2, and a third layer being a pure polyurethane foam layer 3.

[0061] The test results are shown in Figures 4-6 . Figure 4 is a comparison sound absorption curve diagram, Figure 5 is a comparison sound insulation curve diagram, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the sound absorption mechanism of the multilayer structure product, wherein the structural schematic diagram of the multilayer structure product is also shown.

[0062] The performance of the prepared polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite multilayer structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) is as follows: compared with pure ceramic foam with a thermal conductivity of 0.123 W / (m·K), the thermal conductivity is reduced to 0.035 W / (m·K), the sound absorption starting frequency point is 160 Hz, and the multilayer composite structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) has sound absorption performance in the full frequency range of 160-6300 Hz, wherein the average sound absorption coefficient in the sound absorption frequency band of 500-1000 Hz is 0.37, which is wider than the average sound absorption coefficient of 0.26 in the sound absorption frequency band of the pure ceramic foam (4 cm) with a sound absorption starting frequency point of 633 Hz; in the sound absorption frequency band of 160-6300 Hz, the average sound insulation amount of the multilayer composite structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) is 37.21 dB, which is increased by 462% compared with the pure ceramic foam with an average sound insulation amount of 6.62 dB. The density of the multilayer composite structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) is 356 kg / m 3 , which is reduced by 14% compared with the density of 413 kg / m 3 , and the density of the polyurethane foam is 199 kg / m 3 .

[0063] As shown in Figure 6 , Figure 6The sound absorption mechanism diagram of the multilayer structure product of the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic is shown in the figure. The multilayer structure product takes a pure polyurethane foam layer as a sound absorption surface. Sound waves pass through the pure polyurethane foam layer, the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer and the pure foamed ceramic layer in sequence. The structure layers synergistically work together to effectively reduce sound wave propagation, improve low-frequency acoustic performance, and improve the shortcomings of poor low-frequency acoustic performance of pure foamed ceramic.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] With reference to Example 1, the difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer in the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample (i.e., the multilayer structure product) is selected to be 1 cm. The density of the pure foamed ceramic is 403 kg / m 3 , and the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0066] The prepared polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample is cut into a sample with a height (i.e., thickness) of 3 cm, including a 1 cm high pure foamed ceramic layer, a 1 cm high pure polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer and a 1 cm high pure polyurethane foam layer.

[0067] The performance of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample (i.e., the multilayer structure product) prepared in this embodiment is as follows: compared with the pure foamed ceramic with a thermal conductivity of 0.121 W / (m·K), the thermal conductivity is reduced to 0.039 W / (m·K); the initial sound absorption frequency point is 395 Hz, compared with the initial sound absorption frequency point of 597 Hz of the pure foamed ceramic (height of 3 cm), the sound absorption frequency range is widened by 202 Hz to the low frequency, the average sound absorption coefficient in the widened frequency band is 0.26, which is increased by 44% compared with the average sound absorption coefficient of 0.18 in the pure foamed ceramic in this frequency band. The average sound absorption coefficient of the pure foamed ceramic in the frequency range of 500-1000 Hz is 0.24, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the multilayer composite structure sample (i.e., the multilayer structure product) in the above frequency range is 0.34; the average sound insulation amount of the multilayer composite structure sample in 160-6300 Hz is 39.00 dB, which is increased by 373% compared with the average sound insulation amount of 8.24 dB of the pure foamed ceramic; at the same time, the density of the multilayer composite structure sample is 369 kg / m 3 , which is reduced by 8.4% compared with the density of 403 kg / m 3 of the pure foamed ceramic, and the density of the polyurethane foam is 191 kg / m 3 .

[0068] Example 3

[0069] With reference to Example 1, the difference between this example and Example 1 is the thickness of the foamed slurry in which the foamed ceramic is immersed. In this example, the foamed ceramic is immersed in the foamed slurry to a middle of the foamed ceramic, and the density of the pure foamed ceramic is 425 kg / m 3 , and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0070] The prepared polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample is cut into a sample with a height (i.e. thickness) of 3 cm, wherein the composite sample includes a 0.5 cm high pure polyurethane foam layer, a 2 cm high polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer, and another 0.5 cm high pure polyurethane foam layer, i.e. the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer has 0.5 cm high pure polyurethane foam layers on both sides.

[0071] The performance of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample prepared in this example is as follows: compared with the pure foamed ceramic with a thermal conductivity of 0.127 W / (m·K), the thermal conductivity is reduced to 0.041 W / (m·K); the initial sound absorption frequency point is 426 Hz, compared with the initial sound absorption frequency point of 684 Hz of the pure foamed ceramic (height of 3 cm), the sound absorption frequency range is widened to low frequency by 258 Hz, and the average sound absorption coefficient in the widened frequency band is 0.49; the average sound absorption coefficient of the pure foamed ceramic in the frequency band of 500-1000 Hz is 0.23, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the multilayer composite structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product) in the above frequency band is 0.49; the average sound insulation of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite material in 160-6300 Hz is 22.24 dB, which is increased by 236% compared with the average sound insulation of 6.62 dB of the pure foamed ceramic; at the same time, the density of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample is 386 kg / m 3 , which is reduced by 39 kg / m 3 , i.e. 9.2%, compared with the density of 425 kg / m 3 of the pure foamed ceramic, and the density of the polyurethane foam is 205 kg / m 3 .

[0072] Example 4

[0073] With reference to Example 1, the difference between this example and Example 1 is the steaming time of the polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample (i.e. multilayer structure product). In this example, the steaming time is 1 h, and the density of the pure foamed ceramic is 413 kg / m 3 , and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0074] The prepared polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic multilayer composite structure sample is cut into a sample with a height (i.e. thickness) of 4 cm, including a 1 cm high pure foamed ceramic layer, a 1 cm high polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer, and a 2 cm high pure polyurethane foam layer.

[0075] The performance of the polyurethane foam-ceramic foam composite structure sample (i.e., the multi-layer structure product) prepared in this example is as follows: compared with the pure ceramic foam with a thermal conductivity of 0.119 W / (m·K), the thermal conductivity of the sample is reduced to 0.043 W / (m·K), the sound absorption starting frequency point is 254 Hz, compared with the pure ceramic foam (height of 4 cm) with a sound absorption starting frequency point of 612 Hz, the sound absorption frequency band is widened, the average sound absorption coefficient of the pure ceramic foam in the frequency range of 500-1000 Hz is 0.23, and the average sound absorption coefficient of the multi-layer composite structure sample (i.e., the multi-layer structure product) in the above frequency range is 0.51; in the sound absorption frequency band of 160-6300 Hz, the average sound insulation amount of the multi-layer composite structure sample is 30.32 dB, which is increased by 354% compared with the average sound insulation amount of 6.68 dB of the pure ceramic foam. The density of the multi-layer composite structure sample is 301 kg / m 3 , which is reduced by 42% compared with the density of 426 kg / m 3 of the pure ceramic foam, and the density of the polyurethane foam is 117 kg / m 3 .

[0076] The above series of detailed descriptions are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent embodiments or changes made without departing from the spirit of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics, characterized by, The multilayer structure product comprises three layers, the first layer is a pure polyurethane foam layer, the second layer in the middle is a polyurethane foam-foamed ceramic composite layer, and the third layer is a pure foamed ceramic layer or a pure polyurethane foam layer, the thickness ratio of the first layer, the second layer and the third layer is (0.1-2):(1-2):(0.1-2); the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1. mixing polyol, catalyst, foam stabilizer and pore-forming agent uniformly to obtain component A; S2. mixing isocyanate with component A uniformly to obtain foaming slurry; S3. immersing part of foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry or immersing all foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry, and performing vacuum treatment to immerse the inside of the immersed foamed ceramic in the foaming slurry; S4. performing vacuum treatment on the foamed ceramic immersed in the foaming slurry to extract excess foaming slurry, and realizing slurry hanging on the surface of the foamed ceramic skeleton; S5. placing the foamed ceramic with slurry hanging on the surface in a steamer, and performing normal pressure treatment in a water vapor environment at 90-100 ℃ to make the foaming slurry foam when meeting water, and then performing normal temperature and normal pressure curing for 12-24 h to obtain a polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product.

2. The method for producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, In S1, the polyol comprises a mixture of one or more of polyoxypropylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol, YD-204, YD-305, YD-4110A, POP-36 / 28, POP-93 / 28, adipic acid polyester diol 2000 and polyethylene glycol adipate glycol diol.

3. The method of producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, In S1, the catalyst comprises a mixture of one or more of triethylene diamine, N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, pentamethyldiethylene triamine, triethanolamine, triethylene diamine, stannous octoate, dibutyl tin dilaurate and catalyst Dabco-33-LV.

4. The method for producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, In S1, the foam stabilizer comprises a mixture of one or more of non-hydrolyzed water-soluble polyether siloxane and non-ionic fluorocarbon compound.

5. The method of producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, In S1, the pore-forming agent comprises a mixture of one or more of polybutadiene and polyoxypropylene-ethylene oxide copolyether.

6. The method of producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, In S2, the isocyanate comprises a mixture of one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate.

7. The method of producing a multilayer structure product of polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramics according to claim 1, characterized by, The weight ratio of the use amounts of the five substances of polyol, catalyst, foam stabilizer, pore-forming agent and isocyanate mixed with component A in the component A is (40-60):(0.5-5):(10-20):(0.1-0.5):(20-60).

8. A polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-7.

9. Application of the polyurethane foam composite foamed ceramic multilayer structure product of claim 8 in a highway sound barrier.

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