A controllable back pressure particulate trap for an automobile and a method of operating the same

Abstract

The application discloses a controllable back pressure particle trap for an automobile and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of automobile internal combustion engines. The particle trap body is internally provided with a shunt air duct, the shunt air duct is internally provided with a waste gas shunt one-way valve and is communicated with a storage cavity, the storage cavity is communicated with a particle trap inlet and is provided with a sensor on the top. The method is as follows: waste gas enters the particle trap body from the inlet, if the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is lower than the control valve value of the waste gas shunt one-way valve, the waste gas is discharged through the outlet; if the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is higher than or equal to the control valve value of the waste gas shunt one-way valve, the waste gas shunt one-way valve is opened, a part of the waste gas enters the storage cavity, and the remaining waste gas is discharged; the waste gas in the storage cavity is cooled and then introduced into the particle trap inlet again and mixed with new waste gas, so that the purpose of cyclic control of back pressure is achieved. The application can adjust the pressure loss inside the particle trap, controls the back pressure while not affecting the filtering efficiency, and stabilizes the performance of the engine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a controllable back pressure particulate filter for automobiles and its working method, belonging to the field of automotive internal combustion engine technology. Background Technology

[0002] Because there are limits on the weight (PM) and number (PN) of particulate matter emitted by automobiles, vehicles need to add particulate capture systems to filter solid pollutants in order to reduce the overall emission level of the vehicle.

[0003] However, the uncontrollable back pressure of existing particulate traps leads to a significant increase in engine exhaust back pressure and increased engine pumping losses, affecting engine output performance. At the same time, excessive back pressure can also increase the amount of residual high-temperature exhaust gas in the engine cylinders, which has adverse effects on engine combustion efficiency, cooling, and knocking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a controllable back pressure particle trap for automobiles and its working method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a controllable back pressure particulate filter for automobiles, comprising a storage chamber, an exhaust gas inlet pipe, an exhaust gas temperature sensor, an exhaust gas pressure sensor, a gas check valve, a particulate filter body, and an exhaust gas diversion check valve; the ceramic body of the particulate filter body is provided with a diversion air passage, and the diversion air passage is provided with multiple exhaust gas diversion check valves, and the outlet end of the diversion air passage is connected to the inlet end of the storage chamber. The outlet end of the storage chamber is connected to the particulate filter inlet of the particulate filter body through the exhaust gas inlet pipe. The storage chamber is provided with an exhaust gas temperature sensor and an exhaust gas pressure sensor, and the exhaust gas inlet pipe is provided with a gas check valve.

[0006] The present invention discloses a method for operating a particulate filter with controllable back pressure for automobiles, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: The high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the engine cylinder enters the particulate filter body through the particulate filter inlet.

[0008] S2: The closed ceramic body wall pores of the particulate filter body filter the high temperature and high pressure exhaust gas. At this time, the solid particulate pollutants in the high temperature and high pressure exhaust gas adhere to the ceramic body wall of the particulate filter body and are separated.

[0009] S3: If the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is lower than the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve, the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve is closed, and the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is filtered and then discharged into the air through the particle trap outlet of the particle trap body;

[0010] If the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is higher than or equal to the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas pushes the pressure-sensitive sheet of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve to separate from the one-way lock, and the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve is opened; after the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve is opened, part of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas enters the inside of the storage cavity through the shunt gas channel for temporary storage, and the remaining high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is discharged from the particle trap outlet of the particle trap body after being shunted;

[0011] S4: The high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas in the inside of the storage cavity is cooled by heat dissipation fins outside the storage cavity, so as to reduce the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas;

[0012] S5: The real-time parameters of the gas in the storage cavity are observed according to the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor on the storage cavity;

[0013] S6: When the temperature of the gas in the storage cavity is reduced to a qualified value, the one-way valve is opened to guide the gas in the storage cavity to the particle trap inlet through the exhaust gas guide pipeline, and the gas is mixed with the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas at the particle trap inlet, so as to reduce the temperature and pressure of the exhaust gas at the particle trap inlet, and the purpose of circulating control of back pressure is achieved.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] The present application can adjust the pressure loss in the particle trap, control the back pressure without affecting the filtering efficiency, stabilize the performance of the engine, and has the advantages of improving combustion, saving oil, reducing consumption, and reducing emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of exhaust gas when the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is lower than the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of exhaust gas when the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body is higher than or equal to the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of exhaust gas after the temperature and pressure of the gas in the storage cavity are reduced;

[0020] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve, wherein: (a) is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve when closed, and (b) is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust gas shunt one-way valve when opened. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0022] A controllable back pressure particulate trap for an automobile comprises a storage cavity 3, an exhaust gas introduction pipeline 2, an exhaust gas temperature sensor 6, an exhaust gas pressure sensor 7, a gas one-way valve 8, a particulate trap body 9, and an exhaust gas shunt one-way valve 10. The interior of the ceramic body of the particulate trap body 9 is provided with a shunt gas passage arranged along the radial direction thereof, the shunt gas passage is provided with a plurality of exhaust gas shunt one-way valves 10 arranged side by side, and the gas outlet end of the shunt gas passage is in communication with the gas inlet end of the storage cavity 3. The gas outlet end of the storage cavity 3 is in communication with the particulate trap inlet 1 of the particulate trap body 9 through the exhaust gas introduction pipeline 2. The storage cavity 3 is provided with the exhaust gas temperature sensor 6 and the exhaust gas pressure sensor 7. The temperature sensor 6 and the pressure sensor 7 feed back the parameters of the gas in the storage cavity 3 in real time. The exhaust gas introduction pipeline 2 is provided with the gas one-way valve 8. The exhaust gas temperature sensor 6, the exhaust gas pressure sensor 7, and the gas one-way valve 8 are all in data transmission connection with a control module. The control module reads data and performs accurate control.

[0023] The exhaust gas shunt one-way valve 10 comprises a pressure-sensitive spring 11 and a one-way lock 12. One end of the pressure-sensitive spring 11 is fixedly connected with the ceramic body of the particulate trap body 9, and the other end of the pressure-sensitive spring 11 is arranged in cooperation with the one-way lock 12. The one-way lock 12 is fixed on the ceramic body of the particulate trap body 9. The pressure-sensitive spring 11 needs to be set with an elastic value in advance.

[0024] The storage cavity 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the particulate trap body 9.

[0025] The outer wall of the storage cavity 3 is provided with arrayed heat dissipation fins 4 to accelerate the cooling speed of the exhaust gas.

[0026] A working method of a controllable back pressure particulate trap for an automobile, the method comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the engine cylinder enters the particulate trap body 9 from the particulate trap inlet 1 of the particulate trap body 9;

[0028] S2: The ceramic wall surface aperture of the particle trap body 9 is closed to filter the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas, and at this time, the solid particle pollutants in the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas are attached to the ceramic wall surface of the particle trap body 9 to achieve separation;

[0029] S3: If the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body 9 is lower than the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10, the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10 is closed, and the filtered high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas enters the rear exhaust pipeline through the particle trap outlet 5 of the particle trap body 9 and is discharged into the air;

[0030] If the exhaust pressure in the particle trap body 9 is higher than or equal to the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas pushes the pressure-sensitive sheet 11 of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10 to separate from the one-way lock 12, and the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10 is opened; after the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve 10 is opened, a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas enters the inside of the storage cavity 3 through the shunting gas channel and is temporarily stored, and then S4 is performed, at this time, the remaining high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is shunted and the pressure is reduced, and then is discharged from the particle trap outlet 5 of the particle trap body 9, so as to control the back pressure;

[0031] S4: The high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas entering the inside of the storage cavity 3 is cooled by the heat dissipation fins 4 outside the storage cavity 3 to reduce the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas;

[0032] S5: The real-time parameters of the gas in the cavity are observed according to the temperature sensor 6 and the pressure sensor 7 on the cavity body of the storage cavity 3;

[0033] S6: When the gas temperature in the storage cavity 3 is reduced to qualified, the control gas one-way valve 8 is opened, the gas in the storage cavity 3 is introduced into the particle trap inlet 1 through the exhaust gas introduction pipeline 2, and is mixed with the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas at the particle trap inlet 1 to reduce the exhaust gas temperature and pressure at the particle trap inlet 1, further reduce the pressure in the gas channel, and achieve the purpose of cyclic control of back pressure.

[0034] The present application is suitable for homogeneous combustion, lean combustion, stratified combustion and other various internal combustion engine combustion systems.

[0035] The present application is suitable for gasoline engines, diesel engines and other different fuel internal combustion engines.

[0036] It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments and can be implemented in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The embodiments are considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference signs in the claims should be considered as limiting the scope of the claims to the features to which the reference signs correspond.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the description is made on the basis of the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. A controllable back pressure particulate trap for an automotive vehicle characterized by: The application relates to a high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas shunting and storing device for a diesel engine, which comprises a storage cavity (3), an exhaust gas introduction pipeline (2), an exhaust gas temperature sensor (6), an exhaust gas pressure sensor (7), a gas one-way valve (8), a particle trap body (9) and an exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10); the inside of a ceramic body of the particle trap body (9) is provided with a shunting air channel, a plurality of exhaust gas shunting one-way valves (10) are arranged in the shunting air channel, the air outlet end of the shunting air channel is arranged in communication with the air inlet end of the storage cavity (3), the air outlet end of the storage cavity (3) is arranged in communication with the particle trap inlet (1) of the particle trap body (9) through the exhaust gas introduction pipeline (2), the storage cavity (3) is provided with the exhaust gas temperature sensor (6) and the exhaust gas pressure sensor (7), and the exhaust gas introduction pipeline (2) is provided with the gas one-way valve (8).

2. The controllable back pressure particulate filter for an automobile according to claim 1, characterized by: The exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10) comprises a pressure-sensitive elastic sheet (11) and a one-way lock (12); one end of the pressure-sensitive elastic sheet (11) is fixedly connected with the ceramic body of the particle trap body (9), the other end of the pressure-sensitive elastic sheet (11) is arranged in cooperation with the one-way lock (12), and the one-way lock (12) is fixed on the ceramic body of the particle trap body (9).

3. The controllable back pressure particulate filter for an automobile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The storage cavity (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the particle trap body (9).

4. The controllable back pressure particulate filter for an automobile according to claim 3, characterized by: The outer wall of the storage cavity (3) is provided with heat dissipation fins (4).

5. A method of operating a controllable back pressure particulate trap for an automotive vehicle according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1: high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from an engine cylinder enters the particle trap body (9) from the particle trap inlet (1) of the particle trap body (9); S2: the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is filtered by the closed ceramic body wall hole of the particle trap body (9), and at this time, solid particle pollutants in the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas are separated by being attached to the ceramic body wall of the particle trap body (9); S3: if the exhaust gas pressure in the particle trap body (9) is lower than the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10), the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10) is closed, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is filtered and then enters the rear exhaust pipeline through the particle trap outlet (5) of the particle trap body (9) and is discharged into air; if the exhaust gas pressure in the particle trap body (9) is higher than or equal to the control valve value of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10), the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas pushes the pressure-sensitive elastic sheet (11) of the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10) to separate from the one-way lock (12), the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10) is opened, and after the exhaust gas shunting one-way valve (10) is opened, part of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas enters the inside of the storage cavity (3) through the shunting air channel and is temporarily stored, then S4 is performed, at this time, the remaining high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is shunted and the pressure is lowered, and then the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas is discharged from the particle trap outlet (5) of the particle trap body (9); S4: the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas entering the inside of the storage cavity (3) is cooled by heat dissipation fins (4) arranged outside the storage cavity (3), so that the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas are reduced; S5: the real-time parameters of the gas in the storage cavity (3) are observed according to the temperature sensor (6) and the pressure sensor (7) arranged on the storage cavity (3). ​ S6: When the gas temperature in the storage cavity (3) is reduced to the qualified level, the one-way valve (8) is opened to guide the gas in the storage cavity (3) to the particle trap inlet (1) through the exhaust gas introduction pipeline (2) and mix with the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas at the particle trap inlet (1) to reduce the exhaust gas temperature and pressure at the particle trap inlet (1) to achieve the purpose of circulating control of back pressure.

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