A mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool

Abstract

The application discloses a mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool and relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, which comprises coaxially arranged upper and lower cylinder bodies and a hollow shaft, the upper and lower cylinder bodies are connected, a cavity is formed between the upper and lower cylinder bodies, upper and lower outer holes are formed in the side wall of the upper cylinder body, the upper and lower outer holes are communicated with the cavity, the hollow shaft is located on the inner side of the upper and lower cylinder bodies, the hollow shaft is slidably connected with the upper and lower cylinder bodies, the lower end of the hollow shaft is used for being connected with a drill string, the internal cavity of the hollow shaft and the internal cavity of the upper cylinder body form an inner flow channel, upper and lower inner holes are formed in the side wall of the hollow shaft, the upper and lower inner holes are communicated with the inner flow channel, the upper inner hole can be communicated with the upper outer hole, and the lower inner hole can be communicated with the lower outer hole. The application is applied to a drill string vibration measuring and control system and can improve the reliability of drill tool vibration signal receiving, forming and transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling technology, and in particular to a purely mechanical downhole drill string vibration measurement tool. Background Technology

[0002] Drill string vibration refers to the axial, lateral, and torsional vibrations of the drill string caused by the interaction between the drill bit and the formation during drilling. Drill string vibration is a common problem in current drilling engineering. Severe drill string vibration accelerates drill string damage, significantly reduces its service life, and is a major cause of drill string fatigue failure. As well depth increases, the hardness and plasticity of the rock in deeper formations increase, making drill string failure due to vibration even more prominent. Drilling and logging personnel need to continuously monitor downhole vibration signals to adjust the drilling process in a timely manner. The accuracy and reliability of vibration signal measurement significantly affect the judgment of operators or control systems. Currently, most existing drill string vibration measurement tools are based on various electronic components. However, the measurement accuracy of electronic components is affected under the harsh conditions at the bottom of the well. Under extreme conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, they cannot be effectively measured, which greatly reduces the reliability of the measurement system.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a downhole vibration measurement tool that does not rely on electronic components to provide reliable data to ground personnel in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool, which can be applied to a drill string vibration measurement and control system to improve the reliability of drilling tool vibration signal reception, generation and transmission.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] This invention provides a mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool, comprising an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, and a hollow shaft coaxially arranged. The upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected, forming a cavity between them. The side wall of the upper cylinder has an upper outer hole and a lower outer hole, both of which communicate with the cavity. The hollow shaft is located inside the upper and lower cylinders and is slidably connected to both the upper and lower cylinders. The lower end of the hollow shaft is used to connect to the drill string. The internal cavity of the hollow shaft and the internal cavity of the upper cylinder form an internal flow channel. The side wall of the hollow shaft has an upper inner hole and a lower inner hole, both of which communicate with the internal flow channel. The upper inner hole can communicate with the upper outer hole, and the lower inner hole can communicate with the lower outer hole.

[0007] Preferably, the outer wall of the hollow shaft is provided with an external spline, which is parallel to the axial direction of the hollow shaft; the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with an internal spline, which is parallel to the axial direction of the upper cylinder; the length of the external spline is greater than the length of the internal spline; and the internal spline and the external spline are slidably connected.

[0008] Preferably, an adjusting bushing is provided at the upper end of the hollow shaft, the adjusting bushing is threadedly connected to the hollow shaft, and the adjusting bushing can contact the upper end of the internal spline.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting bushing has several rectangular grooves along its circumference.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a step, and the outer wall of the hollow shaft is provided with a protrusion. In the extreme working position, the step is in contact with the protrusion.

[0011] Preferably, in the initial position, the axis of the upper inner hole is parallel to the axis of the upper outer hole, and the axis of the lower inner hole is parallel to the axis of the lower outer hole; in the extreme working position, the axis of the upper inner hole coincides with the axis of the upper outer hole, and the axis of the lower inner hole coincides with the axis of the lower outer hole.

[0012] Preferably, the direction of the axis of the upper inner hole is inclined downward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft to the outer wall of the hollow shaft, and the direction of the axis of the lower inner hole is inclined upward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft to the outer wall of the hollow shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a drainage gap is provided between the lower end of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, and in the initial position, the drainage gap is in communication with the lower inner hole.

[0014] Preferably, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are threaded together.

[0015] Preferably, an upper sealing ring is provided between the upper cylinder and the hollow shaft, and a lower sealing ring is provided between the lower cylinder and the hollow shaft.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0017] The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool of the present invention is a purely mechanical structure that can sense the axial vibration of the drill string, measure the amplitude and frequency of the axial vibration of the drill string and generate a corresponding flow signal. It is not affected by high temperature and high pressure, ensuring accurate and reliable measurement data, and can improve the reliability of vibration signal reception, generation and transmission of drilling tools. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool of the present invention at its initial position.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool of the present invention at its extreme working position;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0023] The components are: 1. Upper cylinder; 2. Adjusting bushing; 3. Hollow shaft; 4. Lower cylinder; 5. Upper outer hole; 6. Upper inner hole; 7. Lower outer hole; 8. Lower inner hole; 9. Drainage gap; 10. Lower sealing ring; 11. Cavity; 12. Upper sealing ring; 13. Inner flow channel; 14. External spline; 15. Internal spline; 16. Rectangular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool, which can be applied to a drill string vibration measurement and control system to improve the reliability of drilling tool vibration signal reception, generation and transmission.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4As shown: This embodiment provides a mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool, applied to a drill string vibration measurement and control system. It includes an upper cylinder 1, a lower cylinder 4, and a hollow shaft 3 coaxially arranged. The upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 4 are threaded together. Both the upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 4 are hollow cylinders. The lower part of the upper cylinder 1 is a gradually narrowing cone. A cavity 11 is formed between the cone of the upper cylinder 1 and the inner wall of the lower cylinder 4. Several upper outer holes 5 and several lower outer holes 7 are opened along the circumference of the upper cylinder 1 on the side wall corresponding to the cone. The upper outer holes 5 are located above the lower outer holes 7, and both the upper outer holes 5 and lower outer holes 7 communicate with the cavity 11. The hollow shaft 3 is located inside the upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 4, and is slidably connected to both the upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 4. An upper sealing ring 12 is provided between the body 1 and the hollow shaft 3, and a lower sealing ring 10 is provided between the lower cylinder 4 and the hollow shaft 3. The lower end of the hollow shaft 3 extends out of the lower cylinder 4 and is used to connect with the drill string. The internal cavity 11 of the hollow shaft 3 and the internal cavity 11 of the upper cylinder 1 form an inner flow channel 13. The side wall of the hollow shaft 3 is provided with several upper inner holes 6 and several lower inner holes 8 along the circumference of the hollow shaft 3. The upper inner hole 6 is located above the lower inner hole 8. Both the upper inner hole 6 and the lower inner hole 8 are connected to the inner flow channel 13. The upper inner hole 6 can be connected to the upper outer hole 5, and the lower inner hole 8 can be connected to the lower outer hole 7. A drainage gap 9 is provided between the lower end of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 4. In the initial position, the drainage gap 9 is connected to the lower inner hole 8 and can connect the inner flow channel 13 and the cavity 11. The purely mechanical structure of this embodiment can sense the axial vibration of the drill string, measure the amplitude and frequency of the axial vibration of the drill string and generate a corresponding flow signal. It is not affected by high temperature and high pressure, ensuring accurate and reliable measurement data, and can improve the reliability of receiving, forming and transmitting vibration signals of drilling tools.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the initial position, the axis of the upper inner hole 6 is parallel to the axis of the upper outer hole 5, and the axis of the lower inner hole 8 is parallel to the axis of the lower outer hole 7; in the extreme working position, the axis of the upper inner hole 6 coincides with the axis of the upper outer hole 5, and the axis of the lower inner hole 8 coincides with the axis of the lower outer hole 7.

[0029] In this embodiment, the direction of the axis of the upper inner hole 6 is inclined downward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft 3 to the outer wall of the hollow shaft 3, and the direction of the axis of the lower inner hole 8 is inclined upward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft 3 to the outer wall of the hollow shaft 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the hollow shaft 3 is provided with an external spline 14, which is parallel to the axial direction of the hollow shaft 3. The inner wall of the upper cylinder 1 is provided with an internal spline 15, which is parallel to the axial direction of the upper cylinder 1. The length of the external spline 14 is greater than the length of the internal spline 15. The internal spline 15 and the external spline 14 are slidably connected, so that the hollow shaft 3 and the upper cylinder 1 can only slide along the axial direction. An adjusting bushing 2 is provided at the upper end of the hollow shaft 3. The adjusting bushing 2 is threadedly connected to the hollow shaft 3. The annular protrusion of the adjusting bushing 2 can contact the upper end of the internal spline 15, which can restrict the position of the hollow shaft 3. The upper surface of the annular protrusion of the adjusting bushing 2 is provided with several rectangular grooves 16 along the circumference of the adjusting bushing 2 for adjusting the adjusting bushing 2. The moving distance of the hollow shaft 3 is determined by the length of the internal spline 15 and the thread advance height of the adjusting bushing 2. The moving distance of the hollow shaft 3 must ensure that the axes of the upper inner hole 6 and the upper outer hole 5, and the axes of the lower inner hole 8 and the lower outer hole 7 can coincide respectively.

[0031] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the upper cylinder 1 is provided with a step, and the outer wall of the hollow shaft 3 is provided with a protrusion. In the extreme working position, the step and the protrusion are in contact.

[0032] The working principle of the mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool in this embodiment is as follows: In the initial position, the cavity 11 and the inner flow channel 13 are connected only through the drainage gap 9. When the load caused by the interaction between the drill bit and the rock causes the drill string to vibrate axially, especially when the drill bit separates from the rock, the hollow shaft 3 of the mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool in this embodiment moves with the vibration, moving from the initial position to the extreme working position. The upper inner hole 6 is connected to the upper outer hole 5, and the lower inner hole 8 is connected to the lower outer hole 7, so that the drilling fluid is diverted from the upper inner hole 6 and the upper outer hole 5 into the cavity 11, and then returns to the inner flow channel 13 through the lower outer hole 7 and the lower inner hole 8. The degree of alignment between the upper inner hole 6 and the upper outer hole 5, and between the lower inner hole 8 and the lower outer hole 7, varies depending on the amplitude of the vibration, and the amount of drilling fluid diverted into the cavity 11 also varies. Based on the amplitude and frequency of the vibration acting on it, the mechanical drill string vibration measurement tool of this embodiment distributes drilling fluid from the drill string into the cavity 11, thereby changing the flow rate of the drilling fluid. The fluctuation of the flow rate can reflect the amplitude and frequency information of the drill string vibration. The instantaneous flow rate can be recorded and transmitted by the measurement while drilling (MWD) instrument, thereby completing the vibration measurement.

[0033] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool, characterized in that: The device includes an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, and a hollow shaft arranged coaxially. The upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are connected, forming a cavity between them. The side wall of the upper cylinder has an upper outer hole and a lower outer hole, both of which communicate with the cavity. The hollow shaft is located inside the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, and is slidably connected to both the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. The lower end of the hollow shaft is used to connect with a drill string. The internal cavity of the hollow shaft and the internal cavity of the upper cylinder form an internal flow channel. The side wall of the hollow shaft has an upper inner hole and a lower inner hole, both of which communicate with the internal flow channel. The upper inner hole can communicate with the upper outer hole, and the lower inner hole can communicate with the lower outer hole. In the initial position, the axis of the upper inner hole is parallel to the axis of the upper outer hole, and the axis of the lower inner hole is parallel to the axis of the lower outer hole; in the extreme working position, the axis of the upper inner hole coincides with the axis of the upper outer hole, and the axis of the lower inner hole coincides with the axis of the lower outer hole. The direction of the axis of the upper inner hole is inclined downward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft to the outer wall of the hollow shaft, and the direction of the axis of the lower inner hole is inclined upward from the inner wall of the hollow shaft to the outer wall of the hollow shaft. A drainage gap is provided between the lower end of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder. In the initial position, the drainage gap is connected to the lower inner hole.

2. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow shaft has an external spline on its outer wall, which is parallel to the axial direction of the hollow shaft. The upper cylinder has an internal spline on its inner wall, which is parallel to the axial direction of the upper cylinder. The length of the external spline is greater than the length of the internal spline, and the internal spline is slidably connected to the external spline.

3. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: An adjusting bushing is provided at the upper end of the hollow shaft. The adjusting bushing is threadedly connected to the hollow shaft and can contact the upper end of the internal spline.

4. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting bushing has several rectangular grooves along its circumference.

5. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the upper cylinder is provided with a step, and the outer wall of the hollow shaft is provided with a protrusion. In the extreme working position, the step is in contact with the protrusion.

6. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are threaded together.

7. The mechanical drill string vibration measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper sealing ring is provided between the upper cylinder and the hollow shaft, and a lower sealing ring is provided between the lower cylinder and the hollow shaft.

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