Chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device and measuring method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device and measuring method, wherein the measuring device includes a raw gas flow regulating valve, an inert carrier gas flow regulating valve, a flow meter, a preheater, a thermometer, a mixer, an electronically controlled heating or cooling sleeve, a reaction tube reaction section, a reaction tube collection section, a heat exchange cooler, a tail gas absorption device and an induced draft fan, the raw gas and inert carrier gas flow regulating valves are respectively connected to the reaction raw gas and the inert carrier gas, the output end is respectively connected to the input end of the preheater through a flow meter, the output end of the preheater is sequentially connected to the input end of the mixer through a thermometer and a flow meter, the output end of the mixer is sequentially connected to the reaction tube reaction section, the reaction tube collection section, a heat exchange cooler, a tail gas absorption device and an induced draft fan, and the reaction tube collection section is filled with a filler. The present invention adopts a two-stage reaction tube design, which can realize the separate collection, measurement and calculation of gaseous products and condensed products at the reaction temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical method analysis, and in particular to a chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device and a measuring method. Background Art

[0002] The chemical reaction equilibrium constant is a characteristic constant when a forward and reverse chemical reaction reaches dynamic equilibrium. This constant can be used to determine the direction of a chemical reaction under certain conditions and to calculate the conversion rate of raw materials at reaction equilibrium. In the chemical industry, in particular, the reaction equilibrium constant is a crucial reference for process design and industrial operations. This data can inform designers whether a chemical reaction will proceed in the desired direction, the ultimate product yield, and the economic benefits of the reaction. It can also inform operators of corresponding reaction changes after changes in operating conditions.

[0003] For the physical properties of each component in the reaction equation (such as enthalpy change value , entropy change value , Gibbs function variation ) can be found, the equilibrium constant K can be calculated by thermodynamics (the relationship between the standard equilibrium constant and the standard Gibbs function ) is obtained. However, in cases where physical property data for certain components are lacking (e.g., for certain substances, only physical property data in the solid state is provided, but physical property data in the liquid and gaseous states are lacking), the equilibrium constant K usually needs to be obtained by experimental measurement. The specific operation is to calculate the equilibrium constant K by measuring the relationship between the amounts of the various material components when the system is in equilibrium. When a gas-phase reaction produces condensed products, the measurement of the amounts of each component at reaction equilibrium will also be more complicated. Only by accurately and effectively experimentally measuring the amount of each component at reaction equilibrium (such as partial pressure or concentration) can the accuracy of the obtained reaction equilibrium constant be ensured.

[0004] Conventional chemical analysis is commonly used for quantitative measurement of components in gas-phase reactions. This method typically involves sampling the gas at the reactor outlet, cooling it to the required measurement temperature, and then allowing the sample to absorb into an absorbent. The sample is then measured using concentration measurements, such as analyzing aqueous solution concentrations based on conductivity or light absorbance.

[0005] However, conventional chemical analysis detection methods have some limitations, such as:

[0006] (1) The reaction may generate gaseous products and condensed products (such as liquefied droplets, condensed particles, aerosol droplets and aerosol solid particles) at the same time. The sampling cooling process in conventional measurement will simultaneously extract and cool gaseous products and condensed products. The gaseous products may eventually be converted into condensed products, resulting in the inability to distinguish the amounts of condensed products and gaseous products under the original reaction conditions. The calculation of the gas phase reaction equilibrium constant requires the separate partial pressure of the gaseous products at the reactor outlet. If the amount of the condensed products is included in the amount of the gaseous products, it will cause huge errors in the calculation of the equilibrium constant.

[0007] (2) Conventional measurements use a sampling cooling method, which does not directly measure the concentrations of the components during the actual reaction at high temperature. For some fast equilibrium reactions, conventional sampling cooling will cause the equilibrium to shift. The amount of product measured after cooling is not equal to the equilibrium amount produced at the original higher reaction temperature, which also leads to measurement errors.

[0008] (3) Compared with the measurement of condensed matter, which only requires simple treatment such as dissolving the deposited matter, the quantitative measurement of gaseous matter requires more operational steps and instruments (such as adding a fan to provide sampling suction power), and more experimental requirements need to be considered (such as the requirement for constant speed sampling and the requirement for the maximum amount of gas passing through the absorbent), which makes it more likely for errors to occur during measurement.

[0009] Currently, there are relatively few patents on devices and methods for measuring gas-phase chemical equilibrium constants. In addition, none of the existing patents considers the possibility that the product may exist in a two-phase state, nor does it consider the impact of the process of gaseous products converting into a condensed state on the measurement. Nor does it propose corresponding processing methods for products in a "two-phase state that is difficult to distinguish and measure." Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention provides a device and method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant, which mainly solve the following technical problems:

[0011] (1) Overcome the problem that conventional detection methods cannot distinguish between condensed products and gaseous products.

[0012] The sampling cooling process in conventional measurement cools down the gaseous products and condensed products at the same time. The gaseous products may eventually be converted into condensed products. It is impossible to distinguish the respective amounts of condensed products and gaseous products under the original reaction conditions, so the gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant cannot be accurately calculated.

[0013] The present invention designs a tubular flow reactor for measuring reaction equilibrium constants and proposes a measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method based on the reactor. On this basis, for gas-phase reaction processes in which reaction products are liquefied or desublimated, the gaseous products and condensed products can be collected, measured and calculated separately at the reaction temperature, thereby more accurately calculating the gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant of the gas-phase reaction process.

[0014] (2) Overcome the problem of measurement error caused by equilibrium movement due to sampling cooling in conventional detection methods.

[0015] Conventional measurements use a sampling cooling method, and do not directly measure the concentrations of each component during the actual reaction at high temperature. For some rapid equilibrium reactions, conventional sampling cooling will cause the equilibrium to shift. The amount of product measured after cooling is not equal to the equilibrium production amount at the reaction temperature, resulting in measurement errors.

[0016] The measuring device proposed in the present invention can directly collect condensed reaction products at the reaction temperature without sampling, and the cooling process of the condensed products is protected by inert gas, ensuring that the measured amount of condensed products is equal to the equilibrium production amount at the reaction temperature, avoiding the measurement error caused by equilibrium shift due to sampling cooling, and improving the reliability of the calculated gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant.

[0017] (3) Overcome the problem of increased measurement error and equipment complexity in conventional detection methods due to the complexity of quantitative measurement of gaseous substances.

[0018] Compared with the measurement of condensed matter, conventional measurement of gaseous matter requires more operational steps and instruments (such as adding an induced draft fan to provide sampling suction power), more experimental requirements to consider (such as the requirement for constant speed sampling and the requirement for the maximum amount of gas passing through the absorbent), and is more prone to errors during measurement.

[0019] The measurement method proposed in the present invention does not require quantitative measurement of gaseous products, but only requires measurement after the deposited condensed matter is dissolved. The measurement operation is simpler and it is easier to ensure the accuracy of the measurement. Less measuring equipment is required, the operation is simple, and the workload is small, thereby improving the reliability of the calculation of the gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant.

[0020] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0021] A chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device comprises a feed gas flow regulating valve, an inert carrier gas flow regulating valve, a flow meter, a preheater, a thermometer, a mixer, an electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve, a reaction section of a reaction tube, a collection section of a reaction tube, a heat exchange cooler, a tail gas absorption device, and an induced draft fan. The input end of the feed gas flow regulating valve is connected to the reaction feed gas, the input end of the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve is connected to the inert carrier gas, the output ends of the feed gas flow regulating valve and the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve are respectively connected to the input end of the preheater via a flow meter, the output end of the preheater is sequentially connected to the input end of the mixer via a thermometer and a flow meter, the output end of the mixer is sequentially connected to the reaction section of the reaction tube, the collection section of the reaction tube, the heat exchange cooler, the tail gas absorption device, and the induced draft fan, the electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve is sleeved on the outer layers of the reaction section and the collection section of the reaction tube, and the collection section of the reaction tube is filled with a filler to separate and collect condensed products entrained in the gaseous products at the reaction temperature.

[0022] Furthermore, the reaction section of the reaction tube and the collection section of the reaction tube are sealed and detachably connected through a frosted opening.

[0023] Furthermore, the filler filled in the collection section of the reaction tube includes easily detachable obstructions, and the obstructions include glass beads or asbestos mesh.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes an induced draft fan flow regulating valve, which is connected to the tail gas absorption device and the induced draft fan respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the optimal length of the reaction section of the reaction tube is 0.1 to 0.5 meters, and the optimal length of the collection section of the reaction tube is 1 to 2 meters.

[0026] A method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1. The reaction raw gas and inert carrier gas are heated to the set reaction temperature by a preheater, mixed in a mixer and then enter the reaction tube reaction section for chemical reaction, and the temperature is controlled by a temperature-adjustable electrically controlled heating or cooling jacket;

[0028] S2. The post-reaction gas flow enters the collection section of the reaction tube. The condensed products entrained in the gas flow are intercepted and collected on the packing of the collection section of the reaction tube. The remaining gaseous products flowing out of the collection section of the reaction tube are cooled by a heat exchange cooler and discharged after being treated by an exhaust absorption device.

[0029] Furthermore, when preparing to measure the captured condensed products, first close the raw gas flow control valve to stop the supply of the reaction raw gas, keep the inert carrier gas flow control valve open, and then close the preheater; after the reaction section and the collection section of the reaction tube are cooled to room temperature, all the condensed products in the collection section of the reaction tube are dissolved and absorbed by the absorption solvent and their production amount is measured.

[0030] Furthermore, in gas phase reactions, the equilibrium constant K is calculated by the partial pressures of the gas phase components when the system is in equilibrium at temperature T. T :

[0031]

[0032] Among them, p 反应物,i is the partial pressure of the reactants, p 生成物,j is the product partial pressure, is the standard pressure, v i is the stoichiometric number of reactant component i, v j is the stoichiometric coefficient of product component j.

[0033] Furthermore, the unknowns in the equations are solved based on isothermal secondary measurements or multiple measurements.

[0034] Furthermore, the set of equations includes conservation equations, gas phase reaction equilibrium equations and condensation equilibrium equations.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] (1) The present invention adopts a two-stage reaction tube design, which can realize the separate collection, measurement and calculation of gaseous products and condensed products at the reaction temperature. It overcomes the problem of being unable to distinguish between gaseous products and condensed products due to simultaneous sampling and cooling in conventional measurements, and improves the accuracy of the gas phase equilibrium constant.

[0037] (2) The reaction tube collection section designed in the present invention can collect condensed reaction products at the reaction temperature. The measured amount of condensed products is equal to the equilibrium production amount at the reaction temperature, thereby avoiding the measurement error caused by equilibrium shift due to sampling cooling and improving the reliability of the calculated gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant.

[0038] (3) There is no need to quantitatively measure the difficult-to-measure gaseous products. Instead, it is only necessary to measure the deposited condensed matter after dissolving it. The measurement operation is simpler and easier to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, which saves equipment usage and measurement workload and improves the reliability of the calculation of the gas-phase reaction equilibrium constant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1Schematic diagram of a chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the conventional sampling cooling measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method.

[0041] Figure 3 4 is a flow chart of the measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 4 is a flow chart of the equilibrium constant calculation method of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 1 is a flow chart of the measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method of Example 3 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure numerals: 1-raw gas flow regulating valve, 2-inert carrier gas flow regulating valve, 3-flow meter, 4-preheater, 5-thermometer, 6-mixer, 7-electrically controlled heating or cooling jacket, 8-reaction tube reaction section, 9-reaction tube collection section, 10-heat exchange cooler, 11-tail gas absorption device, 12-induced draft fan, 13-induced draft fan flow regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. That is, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device, including a raw gas flow regulating valve 1, an inert carrier gas flow regulating valve 2, a flow meter 3, a preheater 4, a thermometer 5, a mixer 6, an electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve 7, a reaction tube reaction section 8, a reaction tube collection section 9, a heat exchange cooler 10, a tail gas absorption device 11 and an induced draft fan 12. The input end of the raw gas flow regulating valve 1 is connected to the reaction raw gas, and the input end of the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve 2 is connected to the inert carrier gas. The raw gas flow regulating valve 1 and the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve 2 are connected to the inert carrier gas. The output end of the valve 2 is connected to the input end of the preheater 4 through the flowmeter 3, the output end of the preheater 4 is connected to the input end of the mixer 6 through the thermometer 5 and the flowmeter 3 in sequence, the output end of the mixer 6 is connected to the reaction section 8 of the reaction tube, the collection section 9 of the reaction tube, the heat exchange cooler 10, the tail gas absorption device 11 and the induced draft fan 12 in sequence, the electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve 7 is sleeved on the outer layer of the reaction section 8 and the collection section 9 of the reaction tube, and the collection section 9 of the reaction tube is filled with a filler to separate and collect the condensed products entrained in the gaseous products at the reaction temperature.

[0048] The core component of this measurement device is a specially designed two-stage reaction tube, consisting of a reaction section 8 and a collection section 9. The reaction section 8 is where the inlet feed gas reacts, where the reaction reaches equilibrium. The collection section 9 intercepts and collects condensed products. This section is filled with a filler that separates and collects condensed products entrained in the gaseous products at the reaction temperature, thus avoiding measurement errors caused by the sampling cooling process.

[0049] Preferably, the filler filled in the reaction tube collecting section 9 includes easily detachable obstructions, which may be glass beads or asbestos mesh.

[0050] Preferably, the reaction section 8 of the reaction tube and the collection section 9 of the reaction tube are sealed and detachably connected through a frosted opening to facilitate the filling of fillers and the measurement of the amount of condensed products collected.

[0051] Preferably, the measuring device further includes an induced draft fan flow regulating valve 13 , which is connected to the tail gas absorption device 11 and the induced draft fan 12 respectively.

[0052] Preferably, the optimal length of the reaction section 8 of the reaction tube is 0.1 to 0.5 meters, and the optimal length of the collection section 9 of the reaction tube is 1 to 2 meters.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1:

[0055] This embodiment provides a method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1. The reaction gas and the inert carrier gas are heated to the set reaction temperature by the preheater 4, mixed in the mixer 6 and then enter the reaction tube reaction section 8 for chemical reaction, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature-adjustable electrically controlled heating or cooling jacket 7;

[0057] S2. The post-reaction gas flow enters the reaction tube collection section 9. The condensed products entrained in the gas flow are intercepted and collected on the filler of the reaction tube collection section 9. The remaining gaseous products flowing out of the reaction tube collection section 9 are cooled by the heat exchange cooler 10 and discharged after being treated by the tail gas absorption device 11.

[0058] When preparing to measure the captured condensed products, first close the raw gas flow control valve 1 to stop the supply of the reaction raw gas, keep the inert carrier gas flow control valve 2 open, and then close the preheater 4; after the reaction tube reaction section 8 and the reaction tube collection section 9 are cooled to room temperature, all the condensed products in the reaction tube collection section 9 are dissolved and absorbed by the absorption solvent and their production amount is measured.

[0059] Preferably, in a gas phase reaction, the equilibrium constant K is calculated by the partial pressure of each gas phase component when the system is in equilibrium at temperature T. T :

[0060]

[0061] Among them, p 反应物,i is the partial pressure of the reactants, p 生成物,j is the product partial pressure, is the standard pressure, v i is the stoichiometric number of reactant component i, v j is the stoichiometric coefficient of product component j.

[0062] Preferably, the unknown quantities in the equation group are solved based on isothermal secondary measurement or multiple measurement, wherein the equation group includes conservation equations, gas phase reaction equilibrium equations and condensation equilibrium equations.

[0063] like Figure 2 The figure shows the conventional sampling cooling measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method process. The dotted box in the figure contains the measurement results of the gas phase component / condensed phase component. The measurement results of the gaseous component will have measurement errors due to the difficulty in distinguishing the measurement from the condensed matter, the equilibrium shift caused by sampling cooling, and the complexity of the gaseous matter measurement steps. The condensed product escapes because there is no interception device in the reaction tube. The measurement results of the sediment in the reactor are inconsistent with the amount of condensed product generated during the reaction, which also causes measurement errors.

[0064] like Figure 3The following flow chart illustrates the measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation process of this embodiment. Comparison with conventional measurement methods and corresponding equilibrium constant calculation methods demonstrates that the proposed measurement and equilibrium constant calculation methods enable the separate collection of gaseous and condensed products at the reaction temperature, eliminating the need for quantitative measurement of gaseous products and avoiding measurement errors caused by equilibrium shifts during sampling and cooling. Compared to conventional methods, the method of this embodiment offers greater convenience and accuracy in both experimental measurement and equilibrium constant calculation.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] This embodiment is based on embodiment 2:

[0067] This embodiment provides a method for measuring and calculating a chemical reaction equilibrium constant. Figure 4 The gas phase reaction and condensation reaction (the reaction has reached equilibrium when measured) and the corresponding equilibrium constant are shown. The condensation equilibrium constant in the figure is a function of temperature, so at a fixed temperature, the saturated vapor pressure and is a constant.

[0068] After the reaction is balanced, only the molar amount of the condensed products C and D (n C(l)，出 and n D(s)，出 ) is measured, and the molar conservation of reactants A and B before and after the reaction shows that:

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Among them, the molar flow rates of A and B flowing into / out of the reaction tube (n A(g)，入 / 出 and n B(g)，入 / 出 ) and their respective partial pressures (p A(g)，入 / 出 and p B(g)，入 / 出 ) can be converted by the ideal gas state equation:

[0072] p A(g)，入 / 出 ·q V =n A(g)，入 / 出 ·RT

[0073] p B(g)，入 / 出 ·q V =n B(g)，入 / 出 ·RT

[0074] Among them, the molar flow rate of C and D flowing out of the reaction tube in saturated gas state (n C(g)，出 and n D(g)，出 ) and saturated vapor partial pressure (p * C(g)，出 and p* D(g)，出 ) can be converted by the ideal gas state equation:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] Measurement method and equilibrium constant calculation method based on the above reaction equation and conservation equation Figure 5 As shown in the figure, since the outlet gaseous products are all in a saturated state, their saturated vapor pressure is a function of temperature, so the outlet gaseous product amount n in the two measurements is C(g)，出 and n D(g)，出 constant.

[0078] In the above method, two experiments were carried out under isothermal conditions by adjusting the reactant inlet ratio and concentration. The known reactant feeding conditions at the two inlets and the amounts of condensed products measured twice in the collection section of the reaction tube were substituted into the conservation equation, the gas phase reaction equilibrium equation and the condensation equilibrium equation, respectively. A total of 10 effective equations were obtained (4 conservation equations, 4 gas phase reaction equilibrium equations, and 2 condensation equilibrium equations), and there were 10 unknowns (2 gas phase reaction equilibrium constants, 2 condensation equilibrium constants, 2 saturated vapor pressures, and 4 residual reactant partial pressures at the outlets of the two experiments). The number of unknowns is equal to the number of equations, so all unknowns can be calculated by solving the equations jointly.

[0079] If conventional measurement methods are used to measure the partial pressure of gaseous products at equilibrium, it is necessary to add a series of equipment such as fans for isokinetic sampling and test analysis. The measurement process is relatively complicated and the measurement accuracy is low. Especially when the gas phase reaction is a rapid equilibrium process, conventional sampling and cooling will cause the equilibrium to shift, and the raw gas will continue to react. The amount of product measured after cooling is not equal to the equilibrium production amount at the reaction temperature. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately measure the partial pressure of the gaseous products at the outlet of the reaction tube in this case.

[0080] The measurement device, measurement method, and equilibrium constant calculation method proposed in the present invention enable the separate collection of gaseous and condensed products at the reaction temperature. Only the condensed products obtained in the collection section of the reaction tube need to be measured, eliminating the need for quantitative measurement of the gaseous products. This makes measurement more convenient and particularly avoids measurement errors caused by equilibrium shifts during sampling and cooling. In summary, compared to conventional methods, the present invention offers greater convenience and accuracy in experimental measurement and equilibrium constant calculation.

[0081] In summary, the device and method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant proposed in the present invention have the following characteristics:

[0082] (1) The reaction tube adopts a two-stage design, and the front and rear sections (reaction section and collection section) can be detached and sealed together; or the two-stage detachable structure is not adopted, but the two functions of homogeneous reaction and product collection need to be realized separately.

[0083] (2) The rear section (collection section) of the reaction tube is filled with a filler that can effectively intercept and collect the condensed products.

[0084] (3) Use isothermal secondary measurements (or more measurements) to solve the unknowns in the equations.

[0085] (4) A measurement method that does not require a fan to provide sampling suction power, does not perform quantitative measurement on gaseous products that are difficult to measure accurately, and only measures the amount of condensed products.

[0086] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Rather, the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in the relevant field. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the appended claims.

[0087] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the aforementioned method embodiments are described as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0088] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are conventionally placed in the orientations or positional relationships when the present invention is used. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0089] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

Claims

1. A chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a raw gas flow regulating valve (1), an inert carrier gas flow regulating valve (2), a flow meter (3), a preheater (4), a thermometer (5), a mixer (6), an electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve (7), a reaction tube reaction section (8), a reaction tube collection section (9), a heat exchange cooler (10), a tail gas absorption device (11) and an induced draft fan (12). The input end of the raw gas flow regulating valve (1) is connected to the reaction raw gas, the input end of the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve (2) is connected to the inert carrier gas, and the output ends of the raw gas flow regulating valve (1) and the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve (2) are connected to the reaction raw gas through the flow meter ( 3) is connected to the input end of the preheater (4), the output end of the preheater (4) is connected to the input end of the mixer (6) in sequence through the thermometer (5) and the flowmeter (3), the output end of the mixer (6) is connected in sequence to the reaction section (8) of the reaction tube, the collection section (9) of the reaction tube, the heat exchange cooler (10), the tail gas absorption device (11) and the induced draft fan (12), the electrically controlled heating or cooling sleeve (7) is sleeved on the outer layer of the reaction section (8) of the reaction tube and the collection section (9) of the reaction tube, and the collection section (9) of the reaction tube is filled with a filler to separate and collect the condensed products entrained in the gaseous products at the reaction temperature.

2. A chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction section (8) of the reaction tube and the collection section (9) of the reaction tube are sealed and detachably connected via a frosted opening.

3. A chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler filled in the reaction tube collecting section (9) comprises an easily detachable obstruction, wherein the obstruction comprises glass beads or asbestos mesh.

4. A chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an induced draft fan flow regulating valve (13), wherein the induced draft fan flow regulating valve (13) is connected to the tail gas absorption device (11) and the induced draft fan (12) respectively.

5. The chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optimal length of the reaction section (8) of the reaction tube is 0.1 to 0.5 meters, and the optimal length of the collection section (9) of the reaction tube is 1 to 2 meters.

6. A method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant, applied to the chemical reaction equilibrium constant measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The reaction raw gas and the inert carrier gas are heated to the set reaction temperature by the preheater (4), mixed in the mixer (6), and then enter the reaction tube reaction section (8) for chemical reaction, and the temperature is controlled by the temperature-adjustable electrically controlled heating or cooling jacket (7); S2. The airflow after the reaction enters the reaction tube collection section (9), and the condensed products entrained in the airflow are intercepted and collected on the filler of the reaction tube collection section (9). The remaining gaseous products flowing out of the reaction tube collection section (9) are cooled by the heat exchange cooler (10) and discharged after being treated by the tail gas absorption device (11).

7. A method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant according to claim 6, characterized in that: When preparing to measure the captured condensed products, first close the raw gas flow regulating valve (1) to stop the supply of the reaction raw gas, keep the inert carrier gas flow regulating valve (2) open, and then close the preheater (4); after the reaction section (8) of the reaction tube and the collection section (9) of the reaction tube are cooled to room temperature, all the condensed products in the collection section (9) of the reaction tube are dissolved and absorbed by the absorption solvent and the generated amount is measured.

8. The method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant according to claim 6, wherein: In gas phase reactions, the equilibrium constant K is calculated by the partial pressures of the gas phase components when the system is in equilibrium at temperature T. T : Among them, p 反应物,i is the partial pressure of the reactants, p 生成物,j is the product partial pressure, is the standard pressure, v i is the stoichiometric number of reactant component i, v j is the stoichiometric coefficient of product component j.

9. The method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant according to claim 6, wherein: Solve unknowns in a system of equations based on isothermal quadratic or multiple measurements.

10. The method for measuring a chemical reaction equilibrium constant according to claim 9, wherein: The equation group includes conservation equations, gas phase reaction equilibrium equations and condensation equilibrium equations.

Images