Soil breaking and stubble cutting device for rapeseed shovel type combine tillage machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine, comprising a frame, a gearbox, a shovel-type tillage device, and a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device; the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device comprises a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting blade and a mounting blade holder; each set of the shovel-type tillage device is provided with two rocking arms; each rocking arm is provided with a mounting blade holder, and the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting blade is fixedly connected to the mounting blade holder via two sets of bolts. The soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device of the present invention can pre-disturb and crush the soil and straw in the uncultivated area before shoveling the soil, so that the crank rocker mechanism can perform two soil-cutting operations within one rotation cycle, ensuring that the seedbed soil-breaking rate and stubble-burying effect can meet the requirements when the unit increases the operating speed; and the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device is installed on the reverse extension line of the rocking arm, and can serve as a balancing weight to reduce the vibration of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a combined tillage machine, in particular to a soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine, belonging to the technical field of agricultural equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the rice-oil rotation region of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in my country, the soil is heavy and compacted, and a large amount of straw remains after rice harvest. The traditional rotary tillage method for preparing the rapeseed seedbed for direct seeding often results in a shallow plow layer, insufficient stubble burying effect, and low flatness. A Chinese invention patent (application number 202011590776.5) discloses a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine with a tillage depth of up to 20 cm. It can achieve soil crushing, burying stubble, leveling, and furrowing in one operation, providing a high-quality seedbed for direct seeding of rapeseed. However, since the shovel only performs a soil cutting operation once within one rotation cycle of the crank rocker mechanism, the improvement of the unit's operating speed is limited under the premise of ensuring the soil crushing rate and stubble burying effect. In addition, the high-speed rotation of the crank rocker mechanism is prone to large vibration, affecting the driver's comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above problems and requirements and provide a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine, so that the crank rocker mechanism can perform two soil cutting operations within one rotation cycle. The soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device disturbs and crushes the soil and straw in the uncultivated area in advance before the shovel cuts the soil, thereby ensuring that the seed bed soil crushing rate and stubble burying effect can also meet the requirements when the unit increases the operating speed; and the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device is installed on the reverse extension line of the rocker, and can serve as a balancing counterweight to reduce the vibration of the unit.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A soil breaking and cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine comprises a frame, a gear box, a shovel-type tillage device and a soil breaking and cutting device; the soil breaking and cutting device comprises a soil breaking and cutting knife and a mounting knife seat; the upper end of the shovel-type tillage device is hinged with a crank, the other end of the crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the gear box, two shovels are arranged in parallel at the lower end of the shovel-type tillage device, and two rockers are hinged in parallel at the middle part, each of the rockers is provided with a mounting knife seat at the lower end, the middle part of the two rockers is hinged to the lower end of the mounting frame, the upper end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the frame, and a soil breaking and cutting knife is fixed under each mounting knife seat, and the gear box is used to drive the crank to rotate under the drive of the tractor PTO, thereby driving the two shovels and the two soil breaking and cutting knives to move simultaneously, approaching or moving away from each other.

[0006] Furthermore, all hinges are rotational connections in a vertical plane.

[0007] Furthermore, the soil-breaking cutter includes a mounting hole, an upper cutting edge, a lower cutting edge, and triangular blades symmetrically arranged on both sides; the upper cutting edge curve and the lower cutting edge curve of the soil-breaking cutter are Archimedean spirals; the sliding cutting angle of the lower cutting edge of the soil-breaking cutter at the starting point is 38-39°, and the sliding cutting angle at the ending point is 50-55°; the lower cutting edge and the upper cutting edge of the soil-breaking cutter have symmetrical structures.

[0008] Furthermore, the swing radius r of the soil-breaking and cutting knife ranges from 255 to 265 mm, the blade length a ranges from 190 to 200 mm, the width b ranges from 170 to 180 mm, the cutting edge angle is 38°, and the distance c between the triangular blade and the end of the soil-breaking and cutting knife ranges from 30 to 40 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil-breaking cutting knife has a soil-penetrating depth h1 in the range of 60-80 mm, and the soil-penetrating depth h2 in the range of 180-200 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the front and rear furrowing plows are respectively arranged at the front lower part and the rear lower part of the two side plates of the frame for digging drainage furrows.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the round tube on the frame.

[0012] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0013] 1. The present invention installs a soil breaking and cutting device on the reverse extension line of the rocker of the crank rocker mechanism, so that the shovel-type land preparation device can perform two soil cutting operations in one rotation cycle, thereby improving the operating speed of the unit.

[0014] 2. The soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device of the present invention is installed on the reverse extension line of the rocker and can serve as a balancing weight installed on the rocker, thereby reducing the vibration of the unit and improving the operating comfort of the driver.

[0015] 3. The upper and lower cutting edges of the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting knife of the present invention are Archimedean spirals, which can reduce the operating resistance of the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting knife and prevent grass from being entangled on the cutting edge.

[0016] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine equipped with a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side structural diagram of a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine equipped with a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device;

[0019] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shovel-type land preparation device equipped with a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting knife;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the shovel and the soil-breaking and cutting knife.

[0022] The components in the figure are numbered as follows:

[0023] 1. Frame; 1.1. Square steel; 1.2. Round tube; 1.3. Side plate; 1.4. Fixed plate; 2. Gearbox; 3. Spade-type soil preparation device; 3.1. Rocker; 3.2. Crank; 3.3. Crank-connecting rod bearing seat; 3.4. Connecting rod; 3.5. Connecting rod rocker bearing seat; 3.6. Spade; 3.7. Rocker bearing seat; 4. Rear furrowing plow; 5. Front furrowing plow; 6. Soil breaking and stubble cutting device; 6.1. Mounting knife seat; 6.2. Soil breaking and stubble cutting knife; 6.2.1. Upper cutting edge; 6.2.2. Triangular cutting edge; 6.2.3. Lower cutting edge; 6.2.4. Mounting hole; 7. Intermediate plow; 8. Reinforcement rib; 9. Mounting frame; 10. Drag board; 11. Soil harrow; 12. Cover DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the soil breaking and cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine includes a frame 1, a gearbox 2, a shovel-type tillage unit 3, a soil breaking and cutting unit 6, a front furrowing plow 5, an intermediate plow 7, a cover 12, a soil retaining harrow 11, and a drag plate 10. Six sets of shovel-type tillage units 3 and six sets of soil breaking and cutting units 6 are arranged on either side of the gearbox 2, spaced evenly on the frame 1 according to the unit's working width. The shovel-type tillage units 3 are mounted on the frame 1 via a fixing plate 1.4 and a mounting bracket 9. One end of the mounting bracket 9 is fixed to the bottom of the circular tube 1.2, and the other end is fixed to the square tube 1.1 via a reinforcing rib 8. The cover 12, soil retaining harrow 11, and drag plate 10 are mounted in sequence at the rear of the frame to break up and level the soil. The front furrowing plow 5 and the rear furrowing plow 6 are respectively arranged below and in front of the two side plates 1.3 to create drainage furrows.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting device 6 includes a soil-breaking and stubble-cutting blade 6.2 and a blade mounting base 6.1. The shovel-type soil-leveling device includes a rocker 3.1, a crank 3.2, a crank-connecting rod bearing seat 3.3, a connecting rod 3.4, a connecting rod rocker bearing seat 3.5, a shovel 3.6, and a rocker bearing seat 3.7. Each shovel-type soil-leveling device 3 is equipped with two rockers 3.1. Each rocker 3.1 is equipped with a blade mounting base 6.1, and the soil-breaking and stubble-cutting blade 6.2 is connected to the blade mounting base 6.1 by two sets of bolts. Two shovels 3.6 are arranged at the end of each connecting rod 3.4, staggered vertically and front-to-back.

[0027] like Figure 4 The soil-breaking cutter shown includes a mounting hole 6.2.4, an upper cutting edge 6.2.1, a lower cutting edge 6.2.3 and triangular blades 6.2.2 arranged symmetrically on both sides; the curves of the upper cutting edge 6.2.1 and the lower cutting edge 6.2.3 of the soil-breaking cutter are Archimedean spirals; the sliding angle of the lower cutting edge 6.2.3 of the soil-breaking cutter is 38.7° at the starting point and 55° at the ending point; the lower cutting edge 6.2.3 and the upper cutting edge 6.2.1 of the soil-breaking cutter are symmetrical in structure; the swing radius r of the soil-breaking cutter 6.2 is in the range of 255-265mm, the blade length a is in the range of 190-200mm, the width b is in the range of 170-180mm, and the cutting edge angle is 38°; the distance c between the triangular blade 6.2.2 and the end of the soil-breaking cutter is in the range of 30-40mm.

[0028] like Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the shovel and the soil-breaking and cutting knife is shown. The soil-breaking and cutting knife 6.2 has a soil penetration depth h1 ranging from 60 to 80 mm, and a soil penetration depth h2 ranging from 180 to 200 mm.

[0029] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows: the power is provided by the tractor PTO and transmitted to the gear box 2 through the cross universal joint. The gear box 2 drives the shovel-type land preparation device 3 and the soil breaking and cutting device 6 on both sides to operate after the power is reversed; when the unit is operating, the soil breaking and cutting device 6 first cuts and crushes the soil and ground straw at a depth of 60-80mm in the uncultivated area, and then the shovel-type land preparation device 3 cuts and throws out the soil at a depth of 180-200mm and the initially crushed straw again. The thrown soil hits the cover 12 for further crushing. The soil harrow 11 plays the role of screening large pieces of soil, finely crushed soil and straw, thereby increasing the straw burying rate. The drag plate 10 levels the bed surface, and the front plow 5 and the rear plow 4 on both sides simultaneously open drainage furrows. The middle plow 7 eliminates the missed plowing area, completing the preparation of a suitable rapeseed direct seeding bed.

[0030] The foregoing is an example of the best mode of carrying out the present invention. Any portion not described in detail herein is common knowledge within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art. The scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the claims. Any equivalent transformation based on the technical teachings of the present invention is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine, characterized in that: The tractor comprises a frame, a gear box, a shovel-type soil preparation device and a soil breaking and cutting device; the soil breaking and cutting device comprises a soil breaking and cutting blade and a mounting blade seat; the upper end of the connecting rod of the shovel-type soil preparation device is hinged with a crank, and the other end of the crank is fixedly connected to the output end of the gear box; two shovels are arranged in parallel at the lower end of the connecting rod of the shovel-type soil preparation device, and two rocking arms are hinged in parallel to the middle of the connecting rod of the shovel-type soil preparation device. The lower end of each rocking arm is provided with a mounting blade seat, the middle ends of the two rocking arms are hinged to the lower end of the mounting frame, and the upper end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected to the frame, and a soil breaking and cutting blade is fixed under each mounting blade seat, and the gear box is used to drive the crank to rotate under the drive of the tractor PTO, thereby driving the two shovels and the two soil breaking and cutting blades to move simultaneously, approaching or moving away from each other; all articulations are rotatable connections in a vertical plane; The soil-breaking stubble cutter comprises a mounting hole, an upper cutting edge, a lower cutting edge and triangular edges symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cutter body; the upper cutting edge curve and the lower cutting edge curve of the soil-breaking stubble cutter are Archimedean spirals; the lower cutting edge and the upper cutting edge of the soil-breaking stubble cutter have symmetrical structures.

2. The soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding angle of the lower cutting edge of the soil-breaking stubble cutting knife at the start is 38-39 degrees, and the sliding angle at the end is 50-55 degrees.

3. The soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing radius r of the soil-breaking and cutting knife ranges from 255 to 265 mm, the blade length a ranges from 190 to 200 mm, the width b ranges from 170 to 180 mm, the cutting edge angle is 38°, and the distance c between the triangular blade and the end of the soil-breaking and cutting knife ranges from 30 to 40 mm.

4. The soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-breaking cutting knife has a soil-penetrating depth h1 ranging from 60 to 80 mm, and the soil-penetrating shovel has a soil-penetrating depth h2 ranging from 180 to 200 mm.

5. The soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear furrowing plows are respectively arranged at the front lower and rear lower sides of the frame plates, and are used to open drainage furrows.

6. The soil breaking and stubble cutting device for a rapeseed shovel-type combined tillage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the round pipe on the frame.

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