Vacuum distillation equipment and methods for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater

Abstract

This invention provides a vacuum distillation apparatus and method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater. The apparatus includes an alkali tank, a filter tank, a distillation kettle, a heat exchanger, and a finished product tank. The filter tank includes a tank body with several filtration mechanisms arranged axially within it. A circumferentially protruding annular groove plate forms a cavity on the side wall of the tank body. Each filtration mechanism includes: a fixed baffle grid plate; a sliding ring plate slidably mounted within the cavity; a sliding baffle grid plate fixedly connected to the sliding ring plate, with filter media filling the space between the three; a sliding groove seat fixed within the cavity, with a vortex-shaped groove extending through the sliding groove seat; and a driving assembly positioned between the sliding groove seat and the sliding ring plate to drive the sliding ring plate in a vortex trajectory within the cavity, causing multi-directional collisions with the filter media. This invention achieves relative movement between the filter media through multi-directional collisions from the outside, resulting in thorough friction cleaning while ensuring uniform distribution and good filtration efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically relating to a vacuum distillation device and method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater. Background Technology

[0002] In China's petrochemical industry, the purification methods for amine solutions mainly rely on ion exchange and electrodialysis technologies. Both of these technologies generate wastewater with high concentrations of organic pollutants. The wastewater consists of inorganic salt anions, including sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and chloride ions; organic salt anions, including formate, acetate, and oxalate ions; cations, including sodium and calcium ions; and organic matter, including mixtures of organic solvents and their derivatives, as well as oxidation decomposition products. The composition is extremely complex, with high color and an unpleasant odor.

[0003] High-concentration organic pollutant wastewater, with a COD content exceeding 180,000 mg / L, a salt content of 5-10%, and a certain concentration of dissolved hydrogen sulfide, is classified as industrial high-concentration wastewater containing harmful substances and difficult to biodegrade. Currently, the main treatment technologies for this type of industrial high-concentration wastewater include physical treatment technologies such as centrifugation, sedimentation, and stripping; chemical treatment technologies such as incineration, Fenton oxidation, and electrochemical oxidation; physicochemical treatment technologies such as coagulation, ion exchange, and membrane separation; and biological treatment technologies. However, this type of industrial high-concentration wastewater has high salt content, low biodegradability, wide dispersion, and small individual wastewater volumes. Currently, the above technologies alone cannot effectively treat this type of wastewater. Among them, biological treatment combined with advanced membrane technology has drawbacks such as poor performance, complex operation, and long treatment cycles; forced incineration wastes resources, severely pollutes the environment, and is detrimental to ecological sustainability; other methods such as dilution and off-site treatment result in resource waste and huge costs, seriously affecting the normal production of enterprises. As amine purification continues, high-concentration organic pollutant wastewater is constantly generated, leading to an increasing accumulation of wastewater. If not properly and promptly treated, this can cause significant harm and impact on enterprise production and residents' lives. Therefore, improving existing technologies or developing new ones for treating this type of high-concentration organic pollutant wastewater is of great and far-reaching significance.

[0004] A Chinese patent with publication number CN109399848B discloses a method for treating high-salt, high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater, which includes steps such as pH adjustment, filtration, vacuum distillation, and distillation water recovery.

[0005] Chinese Patent CN112587970B discloses a wastewater filter and a wastewater treatment plant filtration system. The wastewater filter includes: a tank; multiple filter media layers with different particle sizes, arranged from bottom to top within the tank; multiple supporting grid plates corresponding to the bottom of each filter media layer; a baffle grid plate positioned above the top filter media layer; and multiple agitating mechanisms arranged radially along the tank and corresponding to the multiple filter media layers. Technical advantages: By incorporating agitating mechanisms in each filter media layer, the particle distribution within the multiple filter media layers is more uniform during backwashing, preventing accumulation and caking, ensuring that each filter media layer remains in its initial distribution state before and after backwashing, thereby effectively guaranteeing the filtration effect.

[0006] However, in the above technical solution, the stirring mechanism needs to be directly inserted into the filter media layer, making direct contact with the filter media and stirring it. Such mechanical contact and collision will damage the filter media and affect the subsequent filtration effect. Furthermore, after the stirring is completed, the stirring mechanism shrinks, leaving large gaps in the space originally occupied by the stirring mechanism in the filter layer. This causes the filter layer to affect the filtration effect due to uneven distribution of filter media and uneven gaps. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a vacuum distillation device and method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, which enables the internal filter media to be fully cleaned by friction, improves the overall cleaning effect of the filter media, and ensures that the filter media is evenly distributed, compacted, and maintains good filtration effect.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A vacuum distillation apparatus for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater includes, in sequence, an alkali tank, a filter tank, a distillation kettle, a heat exchanger, a finished product tank, and a vacuum unit. The filter tank includes a tank body with several filtration mechanisms evenly arranged axially within it. A circumferentially convex annular groove plate is formed on the side wall of the tank body, with an inner cavity communicating with the tank body. Each filtration mechanism includes:

[0010] Fixed baffle grid plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the tank;

[0011] A sliding ring plate, which is slidably assembled in the receiving cavity and is higher than the fixed baffle grid plate;

[0012] A sliding baffle grid plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a sliding ring plate, and the space between the fixed baffle grid plate, the sliding ring plate, and the sliding baffle grid plate is filled with filter material;

[0013] A sliding groove seat is fixedly disposed horizontally within the receiving cavity, and a vortex-shaped sliding groove is formed through the sliding groove seat;

[0014] The drive assembly is located between the slide groove seat and the sliding ring plate, and is used to drive the sliding ring plate to make a vortex trajectory motion in the receiving cavity, and to squeeze and collide the filter material.

[0015] The beneficial effects are as follows: The drive assembly drives the sliding ring plate to perform a vortex-like motion within the receiving cavity. This causes multi-directional collisions and compression of the filter media located between the fixed baffle grid plate, the sliding ring plate, and the sliding baffle grid plate from the outside. This creates relative movement and friction between the filter media, allowing the internal filter media to be thoroughly cleaned during backwashing, thus improving the cleaning effect. Because the multi-directional collisions and compression of the filter media layer by the sliding ring plate are transmitted from the outside in, without directly extending into the filter media layer and occupying space, no gaps are left in the filter media layer. This ensures that the filter media distribution remains uniform and compact, guaranteeing consistently good filtration performance.

[0016] Furthermore, the driving component includes a motor disposed at the center of the slide seat, a slide plate disposed at the output end of the motor in the horizontal direction, and a strip-shaped slide groove extending through the slide plate along its length direction; a slide rod is slidably disposed in the vortex-shaped slide groove and the strip-shaped slide groove, and the slide rod is fixedly connected to the sliding ring plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects are as follows: when the motor is turned on, it can drive the sliding plate to rotate around the central axis of the motor output end, thereby driving the sliding rod to slide in the strip-shaped sliding groove and also to move in a vortex trajectory in the vortex-shaped sliding groove. This, in turn, drives the sliding ring plate to move in a vortex trajectory in the receiving groove. The drive is stable and reliable, ensuring that the sliding ring plate can conduct stable and continuous multi-directional collision and compression on the filter material layer from the outside.

[0018] Furthermore, a fixed ring plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving cavity, a fixed baffle grid plate is fixedly connected to the fixed ring plate, a sliding ring plate is located above the fixed ring plate, and a linkage plate assembly is slidably installed between the fixed ring plate and the sliding ring plate. The fixed ring plate and the linkage plate assembly, as well as the linkage plate assembly and the sliding ring plate, are elastically connected by elastic ropes.

[0019] The beneficial effects are as follows: Through the above technical solution, the filter media fills the space between the fixed baffle grid plate, the fixed ring plate, the sliding baffle grid plate, the sliding ring plate, and the linkage plate assembly. The sliding ring plate and the linkage plate assembly can slide in conjunction, and can perform stable and continuous multi-directional collision and compression on the filter media in layers, so that the filter media is divided into multiple layers and there is relative movement between the layers. When the layers move relative to each other, friction is generated between the internal filter media, so that the internal filter media is more fully cleaned by friction, thereby improving the overall cleaning effect of the filter media.

[0020] Furthermore, the linkage plate assembly includes a plurality of linkage ring plates stacked vertically, with adjacent linkage ring plates slidably connected.

[0021] Both the fixed ring plate and the linkage ring plate, which are farthest from the filter media, are equipped with blocking rings. Adjacent blocking rings and the highest blocking ring are elastically connected to the sliding ring plate by elastic ropes.

[0022] The beneficial effects are as follows: The linkage plate assembly includes several linkage ring plates that are stacked vertically and slide against each other. Through the limiting and linkage of the blocking rings and elastic ropes, the linkage sliding effect is stable and reliable, while the filter media is layered more and the cleaning effect is better.

[0023] Furthermore, the blocking ring has a storage groove for storing the elastic rope.

[0024] The beneficial effects are as follows: the storage groove stores the elastic rope, ensuring that the elastic rope will not cause obstruction when it is in a contracted state and stored in the storage groove. The adjacent sliding ring plate and the blocking ring, as well as the linkage ring plate and the blocking ring, can collide and change the sliding direction, ensuring that the linkage sliding effect is stable and reliable.

[0025] Furthermore, an extension is fixedly provided at the top of the end of the receiving cavity near the filter material. The extension is arranged circumferentially along the tank body. The sliding groove seat is located on the side of the extension away from the filter material. The top of the sliding ring plate is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension.

[0026] The beneficial effects are: the extension limits the sliding ring plate and the slide seat, ensuring a reasonable structural layout and stable function.

[0027] Furthermore, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at the top of the end of the sliding ring plate away from the filter media in a horizontal direction, and the top of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding rod; the top of the connecting plate is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension.

[0028] Furthermore, an upward-facing mounting groove is formed at the bottom center of the slide block, and the motor is installed inside the mounting groove with the motor's output end facing vertically downward.

[0029] Furthermore, two sliding seats are provided and arranged symmetrically.

[0030] The beneficial effects are: the two driving forces are symmetrically arranged and work together, making the driving effect more stable and reliable.

[0031] Secondly, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0032] A vacuum distillation method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, using the aforementioned vacuum distillation equipment, comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Wastewater is transported, and at the same time, alkali solution is transported through the alkali solution tank to the filter tank. After filtration, the solution is transported together to the distillation kettle.

[0034] S2. Turn on the stirring function in the distillation kettle to stir the wastewater and alkali solution evenly;

[0035] S3. Turn on the vacuum unit to draw negative pressure into the distillation kettle and distill water vapor under reduced pressure.

[0036] S4. Water vapor passes through a heat exchanger and condenses into distilled water, which is then collected in the finished product tank.

[0037] S5. Distilled water is further collected completely by several buffer tanks.

[0038] The beneficial effects are as follows: First, the wastewater and alkaline solution are filtered to remove large particulate impurities, thus avoiding affecting the subsequent operation results; before vacuum distillation, alkaline solution is added to absorb hydrogen sulfide in the wastewater, converting the active hydrogen sulfide into a stable inorganic salt, preventing dissolved hydrogen sulfide from volatilizing into the distilled water during vacuum distillation and contaminating the recycled water; a vacuum environment is created for distillation, concentrating the wastewater and reducing the volatilization of organic matter during wastewater treatment; after heat exchange and condensation, the distilled water is collected in the finished product tank and further collected in a buffer tank, ensuring that the distilled water is basically completely condensed and recovered, preventing water vapor from entering the vacuum unit, effectively protecting the vacuum pump, and improving the distilled water recovery rate.

[0039] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The driving component of this invention is used to drive the sliding ring plate to move in a vortex trajectory within the receiving cavity, causing multi-directional collisions and compression of the filter media from the outside, resulting in relative movement and friction between the filter media. This allows the filter media located inside to be fully cleaned by friction during backwashing, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the filter media. The multi-directional collisions and compression of the filter media layer by the sliding ring plate are transmitted from the outside to the inside, without directly extending into the filter media layer and occupying space. Therefore, no gaps are left in the filter media layer, ensuring that the filter media distribution remains uniform and compact, and ensuring that the filtration effect remains good at all times.

[0041] 2. When the motor is turned on, it drives the sliding plate to rotate around the central axis of the motor output end. This causes the sliding rod to slide in the strip-shaped sliding groove and also to move in a vortex trajectory in the vortex-shaped sliding groove. This, in turn, causes the sliding ring plate to move in a vortex trajectory in the receiving groove. The drive is stable and reliable, ensuring that the sliding ring plate can stably and continuously collide and squeeze the filter layer from the outside in multiple directions.

[0042] 3. A linkage plate assembly is slidably installed between the fixed ring plate and the sliding ring plate, which provides stable and continuous multi-directional collision and compression to the filter media in layers. This causes relative movement between the filter media layers, and friction is generated between the internal filter media during the relative movement, resulting in more thorough friction cleaning of the internal filter media and thus improving the overall cleaning effect of the filter media. The linkage plate assembly includes several linkage ring plates that are stacked vertically and slide against each other, resulting in more layers of filter media and better cleaning effect. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent upon reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, and like or corresponding reference numerals denote like or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0044] Figure 1 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the filter tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a portion (annular groove plate) of the filter tank in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the filtration mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part B in the middle section;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vacuum distillation device for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 100. Alkali tank; 200. Filter tank; 300. Distillation kettle; 400. Heat exchanger; 500. Finished product tank; 600. Primary buffer tank; 700. Secondary buffer tank; 800. Vacuum unit;

[0052] 1. Tank body; 2. Top cover; 3. Inlet; 4. Outlet; 5. Filter mechanism; 6. Fixed ring plate; 7. Fixed blocking ring; 8. Fixed baffle grid plate; 9. First linkage ring plate; 10. First linkage blocking ring; 11. Second linkage ring plate; 12. Second linkage blocking ring; 13. Sliding ring plate; 14. Sliding baffle grid plate; 15. First elastic rope; 16. Second elastic rope; 17. Third elastic rope; 18. Connecting plate; 19. Slide rod; 20. Slide groove seat; 21. Motor; 22. Slide groove plate; 23. Ring groove plate; 24. Extension; 25. Receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments described below are only some, not all, of the embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 6 A vacuum distillation device for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater includes an alkali tank 100, a filter tank 200, a distillation kettle 300, a heat exchanger 400, a finished product tank 500, and a vacuum unit 800, which are installed and connected in sequence.

[0055] Among them, the alkali tank 100 is used to store alkali; the filter tank 200 is used to filter large particulate impurities in the waste liquid; the distillation kettle 300 equipped with a top-mounted constant speed stirrer stirs the waste liquid and performs distillation on the waste liquid; the tubular heat exchanger 400 is used to exchange heat and condense steam to form distilled water; the finished product tank 500 is used to collect distilled water; and the vacuum unit 800 is used to continuously create a negative pressure environment.

[0056] Specifically, the alkali tank 100 has two holes at the top, which are connected to the exhaust valve and the alkali inlet pipeline, respectively; the alkali inlet pipeline is equipped with a manual ball valve, and has a hole on the side for connection to the metering pump; the alkali outlet pipeline is connected to the waste liquid inlet pipeline, and is equipped with a pneumatic ball valve.

[0057] A stirrer is installed at the center of the top of the distillation kettle 300. Four additional holes are located on the upper surface, for mounting a vacuum pressure gauge, a thermometer, a waste liquid inlet pipe, and a steam outlet pipe, respectively. The waste liquid inlet pipe is equipped with a manual ball valve, a pressure gauge, a filter tank 200, and a pneumatic ball valve. A manual ball valve is installed on the steam outlet pipe, and the other end of the pipe connects to the heat exchanger 400. A magnetic level gauge is installed on the side. Three holes are located on the bottom surface, for connecting a hot steam inlet pipe, a cold steam outlet pipe, and a concentrated waste liquid outlet pipe, respectively. A manual ball valve, a pressure gauge, and a thermometer are installed on the hot steam inlet pipe, and a manual ball valve is installed on both the cold steam outlet pipe and the concentrated waste liquid outlet pipe.

[0058] Heat exchanger 400 is connected to the circulating water inlet pipe, circulating water outlet pipe, steam inlet pipe, and condensate outlet pipe. The circulating water inlet pipe and circulating water outlet pipe are connected at the front end by a pipe equipped with a manual ball valve. Both pipes are equipped with a pressure gauge, a manual ball valve, and a vent valve, respectively. The other end of the condensate outlet pipe is connected to the finished product tank 500, and this pipe is equipped with a thermometer and a manual ball valve, respectively.

[0059] The finished product tank 500 has three holes at its top, which are respectively connected to the condensate outlet pipe, the primary buffer tank 600, and the secondary buffer tank 700. The common outlet pipeline that merges with the primary buffer tank 600 and the secondary buffer tank 700 is connected to the vacuum unit 800. A magnetic float level gauge is installed on the side, and there is a hole on the bottom surface that merges with the primary buffer tank 600 and the secondary buffer tank 700 and connects to the finished product centrifugal pump.

[0060] The primary buffer tank 600 has three openings at its upper end, connecting to the finished product tank 500, the secondary buffer tank 700, and a common outlet pipeline connecting the finished product tank 500 and the secondary buffer tank 700, which in turn connects to the vacuum unit 800. A magnetic level gauge is installed on its side, and a hole is opened on its bottom, connecting to the finished product centrifugal pump via the connection between the secondary buffer tank 700 and the finished product tank 500. The secondary buffer tank 700 also has three openings at its upper end, connecting to the primary buffer tank 600, and a common outlet pipeline connecting the finished product tank 500 and the primary buffer tank 600, which in turn connects to the vacuum unit 800. A pressure transmitter is installed on the pipeline connecting to the vacuum unit 800, and a magnetic level gauge is installed on its side, with a hole on its bottom connecting to the finished product centrifugal pump via the connection between the primary buffer tank 600 and the finished product tank 500.

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, the filter tank 200 includes a tank body 1, with a drain outlet 4 at the center of the bottom of the tank body 1, and a top cover 2 welded to the top of the tank body 1 to seal the top opening. A water inlet 3 is located at the center of the top cover 2. Two filter mechanisms 5 are evenly arranged axially inside the tank body 1. A circumferentially protruding annular groove plate 23 is formed on the side wall of the tank body 1, and the annular groove plate 23 contains a receiving cavity 25 communicating with the tank body 1. There are two annular groove plates 23 in total, and the two filter mechanisms 5 are respectively installed in the two receiving cavities 25.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the filter mechanism 5 includes a fixed ring plate 6 fixedly welded to the bottom of the receiving cavity 25, and a fixed baffle grid plate 8 welded to the inner wall of the fixed ring plate 6. A sliding ring plate 13 is slidably assembled inside the receiving cavity 25, and its height is higher than that of the fixed baffle grid plate 8. A sliding baffle grid plate 14 is welded to the inner wall of the sliding ring plate 13. The space between the fixed baffle grid plate 8, the sliding ring plate 13, and the sliding baffle grid plate 14 is filled with filter media.

[0063] like Figure 3As shown, a sliding seat 20 is fixedly installed horizontally at the top of the receiving cavity 25. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a vortex-shaped groove is formed through the slide seat 20. A drive assembly is installed between the slide seat 20 and the sliding ring plate 13. The drive assembly is used to drive the sliding ring plate 13 to move in a vortex trajectory within the receiving cavity 25. The drive assembly includes a motor 21 fixedly installed at the center of the slide seat 20. The output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the slide plate 22 in the horizontal direction. A strip-shaped groove is formed through the slide plate 22 along its length direction. A slide rod 19 is slidably installed in the vortex-shaped groove and the strip-shaped groove. The slide rod 19 is fixedly connected to the sliding ring plate 13.

[0064] When motor 21 is turned on, it drives the sliding plate 22 to rotate around the central axis of the motor 21 output end. This causes the sliding rod 19 to slide in the strip-shaped sliding groove and also to move in a vortex-shaped sliding groove. In turn, it drives the sliding ring plate 13 to move in a vortex-shaped trajectory within the receiving groove. The drive is stable and reliable, ensuring that the sliding ring plate 13 provides stable and continuous multi-directional collision and compression to the filter media layer from the outside. This causes relative movement and friction between the filter media, allowing the internal filter media to be thoroughly cleaned during backwashing, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the filter media. Because the multi-directional collision and compression of the filter media layer by the sliding ring plate 13 is transmitted from the outside to the inside and does not directly extend into the filter media layer to occupy space, it does not leave gaps in the filter media layer, ensuring that the filter media distribution remains uniform and compact, and ensuring that the filtration effect remains good at all times.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, a linkage plate assembly is slidably installed between the fixed ring plate 6 and the sliding ring plate 13. The fixed ring plate 6 and the linkage plate assembly, as well as the linkage plate assembly and the sliding ring plate 13, are elastically connected by elastic ropes. The linkage plate assembly includes two vertically stacked linkage ring plates: a first linkage ring plate 9 slidably installed on the fixed ring plate 6 and a second linkage ring plate 11 slidably installed on the first linkage ring plate 9. The bottom of the sliding ring plate 13 is slidably connected to the top of the second linkage ring plate 11. A fixed blocking ring 7 is welded to the end of the fixed ring plate 6 away from the filter media; a first linkage blocking ring 10 is welded to the end of the first linkage ring plate 9 away from the filter media; and a second linkage blocking ring 12 is welded to the end of the second linkage ring plate 11 away from the filter media. The fixed blocking ring 7 is elastically connected to the first linkage ring plate 9 by a first elastic rope 15; the first linkage blocking ring 10 is elastically connected to the second linkage ring plate 11 by a second elastic rope 16; and the second linkage blocking ring 12 is elastically connected to the sliding ring plate 13 by a third elastic rope 17. The filter media fills the space between the fixed baffle grid plate 8, the fixed ring plate 6, the sliding baffle grid plate 14, the sliding ring plate 13, the second linkage ring plate 11, and the first linkage ring plate 9.

[0066] Layering involves stable and continuous multi-directional collisions and compression of the filter media, resulting in multiple layers with relative movement between them. This relative movement generates friction between the internal filter media, leading to more thorough friction cleaning and improved overall cleaning performance. More layers result in better cleaning.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixed blocking ring 7, the first linkage blocking ring 10, and the second linkage blocking ring 12 each have a storage groove for storing the first elastic rope 15, the second elastic rope 16, and the third elastic rope 17, respectively. The storage grooves store the corresponding elastic ropes, ensuring that when the elastic ropes are in a contracted state and stored in the storage grooves, they do not cause obstruction. Collisions can occur between the sliding ring plate 13 and the second linkage blocking ring 12, between the second linkage ring plate 11 and the first linkage blocking ring 10, and between the first linkage ring plate 9 and the fixed blocking ring 7, changing the sliding direction and ensuring a stable and reliable linkage sliding effect.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, an extension 24 is fixedly welded to the top of the end of the receiving cavity 25 near the filter media. The extension 24 is arranged circumferentially along the tank body 1. The sliding groove seat 20 is located on the side of the extension 24 away from the filter media. The top of the sliding ring plate 13 is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension 24. The extension 24 limits the sliding ring plate 13 and the sliding groove seat 20 to ensure a reasonable structural layout and stable function.

[0069] A connecting plate 18 is welded horizontally to the top of the end of the sliding ring plate 13 furthest from the filter media. The top of the connecting plate 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod 19; the top of the connecting plate 18 is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension 24. An upward-facing mounting groove is formed at the bottom center of the slide seat 20, and the motor 21 is installed in the mounting groove, with the output end of the motor 21 facing vertically downwards. The structural layout is reasonable and compact, ensuring stable function while minimizing space occupation.

[0070] Two sliding seats 20 are installed in each receiving slot, and these two sliding seats 20 are arranged symmetrically. The two driving forces are symmetrically arranged and work together, making the driving effect more stable and reliable.

[0071] A vacuum distillation method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, using the aforementioned vacuum distillation equipment, comprises the following specific steps:

[0072] S1. The waste liquid inlet pipeline transports high-concentration industrial wastewater, and the alkali tank 100 transports alkali through the alkali outlet pipeline. Since the alkali outlet pipeline is connected to the waste liquid inlet pipeline, the high-concentration industrial wastewater and alkali are mixed and transported to the filter tank 200 for filtration treatment. After filtering out large particulate impurities, they are transported together to the distillation kettle 300.

[0073] S2. Turn on the agitator located at the top center of the distillation vessel 300 to mix the high-concentration industrial wastewater and alkaline solution evenly. The added alkaline solution reacts the dissolved hydrogen sulfide in the high-concentration industrial wastewater and converts it into stable inorganic salt ions. Then turn off the agitator to prevent the dissolved hydrogen sulfide from evaporating into the distilled water during the vacuum distillation process and contaminating the recycled water.

[0074] S3. Start the vacuum unit 800 (water ring pump, first-stage Roots vacuum pump, and second-stage Roots vacuum pump) to create negative pressure in the distillation kettle 300, continuously generating a negative pressure environment. Reduced pressure distillation produces water vapor, concentrating wastewater and reducing the volatilization of organic matter during wastewater treatment. Water is evaporated and recovered, while other substances remain in the concentrate. In the reduced pressure environment, the boiling point of water decreases, energy consumption decreases, energy utilization efficiency increases, and the operating environment is optimized. Under this environment, organic matter in the wastewater does not reach its boiling point, resulting in minimal volatilization, ensuring the quality of recycled water and improving distillation efficiency.

[0075] S4. Water vapor passes through heat exchanger 400 and condenses into distilled water, which is collected in finished product tank 500.

[0076] S5. Distilled water is further collected completely by the primary buffer tank 600 and the secondary buffer tank 700, so that the distilled water is basically condensed and recovered completely, preventing water vapor from entering the vacuum unit 800, effectively protecting the vacuum pump and improving the distilled water recovery rate.

[0077] The working principle of the filter tank 200 in this invention:

[0078] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the space between the fixed baffle grid plate 8 and the sliding baffle grid plate 14 is filled with filter media. Specifically, the space formed by the fixed baffle grid plate 8, the sliding baffle grid plate 14, the first linkage ring plate 9, the second linkage ring plate 11, and the sliding ring plate 13 is filled with filter media. The particle sizes of the filter media in the two sets of filtration mechanisms 5 are different; the particle size of the upper filter media is larger than that of the lower filter media, thus achieving a multi-stage filtration effect.

[0079] The distances between the sliding ring plate 13 and the second linkage blocking ring 12, the distances between the second linkage ring plate 11 and the first linkage blocking ring 10, and the distances between the first linkage ring plate 9 and the fixed blocking ring 7 are equal, and the sum of these three distances is equal to the straight-line length between the current position of the slide rod 19 and the end point of the slide groove seat 20. There are multiple first elastic ropes 15, second elastic ropes 16, and third elastic ropes 17, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, at this time, the multiple first elastic ropes 15, second elastic ropes 16, and third elastic ropes 17 are all in a certain tensile state, that is, they have a certain elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy is equal. At this time, the first linkage ring plate 9, the second linkage ring plate 11, and the sliding ring plate 13 are in a concentric state under the elastic action of the first elastic ropes 15, the second elastic ropes 16, and the third elastic ropes 17, respectively; the position of the slide rod 19 is as follows. Figure 5 As shown.

[0080] In practical use, high-concentration industrial wastewater enters the tank 1 through inlet 3, is filtered by the filter media in the two sets of filtration mechanisms 5, and is finally discharged from outlet 4. During long-term use, suspended solids and particulate matter in the wastewater will be captured by the filter media. Over time, these dirt and impurities will gradually accumulate on the filter media, leading to a decrease in filtration efficiency. Therefore, backwashing is required to wash away the dirt and impurities on the filter media and restore filtration efficiency.

[0081] During cleaning, clean water is introduced into the tank 1 through the drain outlet 4. The clean water passes through the filter media between the two filter mechanisms 5 and then exits through the inlet 3. Simultaneously, the motor 21 needs to be started. The output end of the motor 21 rotates at the same speed and in the same direction. The motor 21 drives the sliding plate 22 to rotate through its output end. Both sliding plates 22 within the same receiving cavity 25 rotate counterclockwise (e.g., ...). Figure 4 The slide plate 22 drives the slide rod 19 to slide along the slide seat 20. At the same time, the slide rod 19 also slides along the slide plate 22. In this way, the two slide rods 19 will drive the sliding ring plate 13 to perform vortex motion through the connecting plate 18. That is, the motion trajectory of the sliding ring plate 13 is the same as the shape of the slide seat 20.

[0082] As the sliding ring plate 13 moves, its revolution radius gradually increases. Through the arrangement of the first elastic rope 15, the second elastic rope 16, and the third elastic rope 17, as well as the arrangement of the second linkage blocking ring 12 and the first linkage blocking ring 10, the sliding ring plate 13 can drive the second linkage ring plate 11 and the first linkage ring plate 9 to perform vortex motion. Finally, when the slide rod 19 moves to the end of the slide groove seat 20, the outer side of the sliding ring plate 13 is in contact with the inner side of the second linkage blocking ring 12, the outer side of the second linkage ring plate 11 is in contact with the inner side of the first linkage blocking ring 10, and the outer side of the first linkage blocking ring 10 is in contact with the inner side of the fixed blocking ring 7. By setting the sliding ring plate 13, the second linkage ring plate 11, and the first linkage ring plate 9 in a state of relative vortex motion—that is, the sliding ring plate 13 vortexes relative to the second linkage ring plate 11, the second linkage ring plate 11 vortexes relative to the first linkage ring plate 9, and the first linkage ring plate 9 vortexes relative to the fixed ring plate 6—the filter media can be divided into multiple layers. These layers collide from the outside in, creating relative motion between them. During this relative motion, friction occurs between the internal filter media, allowing the internal filter media to undergo sufficient friction, thus causing dirt and impurities to fall off and be carried away by the water.

[0083] In reality, the distance between the fixed baffle plate 8 and the sliding baffle plate 14 is not large. Theoretically, the smaller the distance between the fixed baffle plate 8 and the sliding baffle plate 14, the more layers the filter media are separated, and the better the cleaning effect. When the slide rod 19 moves to the end of the slide seat 20, the motor 21 reverses, causing the slide rod 19 to move back to the initial position. The motor 21 rotates back and forth in this way, which allows the filter media to be thoroughly cleaned by friction. After cleaning, the motor 21 drives the slide rod 19 to the initial position, that is, the sliding ring plate 13 moves to the initial position. Under the elastic action of the first elastic rope 15, the second elastic rope 16, and the third elastic rope 17, the first linkage ring plate 9 and the second linkage ring plate 11 return to the initial position, and then normal filtration can continue.

[0084] This invention divides the filter media into multiple layers by subjecting the sliding ring plate 13, the second linkage ring plate 11, and the first linkage ring plate 9 to relative vortex motion—that is, the sliding ring plate 13 vortexes relative to the second linkage ring plate 11, the second linkage ring plate 11 vortexes relative to the first linkage ring plate 9, and the first linkage ring plate 9 vortexes relative to the fixed ring plate 6. Furthermore, the multiple layers of filter media undergo multi-directional collision and compression from the outside in, creating relative motion between the layers. This relative motion generates friction between the internal filter media, ensuring thorough friction cleaning and improving the overall cleaning effect. Simultaneously, because the multi-directional collision and compression of the multiple layers of filter media is transmitted from the outside in and does not directly penetrate into the filter media layers, it avoids leaving gaps and ensures that the filter media distribution remains uniform and compact, thus maintaining a consistently good filtration effect.

Claims

1. A vacuum distillation apparatus for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, comprising, in sequence, an alkali tank, a filter tank, a distillation kettle, a heat exchanger, a finished product tank, and a vacuum unit, wherein the filter tank comprises a tank body (1), and a plurality of filter mechanisms (5) are uniformly arranged axially within the tank body (1), characterized in that, A circumferentially protruding annular groove plate (23) is formed on the side wall of the tank (1), and the interior of the groove plate is a receiving cavity (25) communicating with the tank (1). The filtering mechanism (5) includes: Fixed baffle grid (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body (1); The sliding ring plate (13) is slidably assembled in the receiving cavity (25) and its height is higher than that of the fixed baffle grid plate (8); A sliding baffle grid plate (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of a sliding ring plate (13), and filter material is filled between the fixed baffle grid plate (8), the sliding ring plate (13) and the sliding baffle grid plate (14); A sliding seat (20) is fixedly disposed in the receiving cavity (25) along the horizontal direction, and a vortex-shaped sliding groove is formed through the sliding seat (20); The drive assembly is located between the slide seat (20) and the sliding ring plate (13), and is used to drive the sliding ring plate (13) to make a vortex trajectory movement in the receiving cavity (25) and to squeeze and collide the filter material. The drive assembly includes a motor (21) located at the center of the slide seat (20), a slide plate (22) is provided at the output end of the motor (21) in the horizontal direction, a strip-shaped slide groove is provided through the slide plate (22) along its length direction, a slide rod (19) is slidably provided in the vortex-shaped slide groove and the strip-shaped slide groove, and the slide rod (19) is fixedly connected to the sliding ring plate (13); A fixed ring plate (6) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving cavity (25). A fixed baffle grid plate (8) is fixedly connected to the fixed ring plate (6). A sliding ring plate (13) is located above the fixed ring plate (6). A linkage plate assembly is slidably installed between the fixed ring plate (6) and the sliding ring plate (13). The fixed ring plate (6) and the linkage plate assembly, as well as the linkage plate assembly and the sliding ring plate (13), are elastically connected by elastic ropes.

2. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage plate assembly includes several linkage ring plates stacked vertically, with adjacent linkage ring plates slidably connected. Both the fixed ring plate (6) and the linkage ring plate are equipped with blocking rings at the ends away from the filter media. The two adjacent blocking rings and the highest blocking ring are elastically connected to the sliding ring plate (13) by elastic ropes.

3. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that, The blocking ring has a storage groove for storing the elastic rope.

4. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, An extension (24) is fixedly installed at the top of the end of the cavity (25) near the filter material. The extension (24) is arranged around the tank (1). The sliding seat (20) is located on the side of the extension (24) away from the filter material. The top of the sliding ring plate (13) is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension (24).

5. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that, A connecting plate (18) is fixedly installed at the top of the end of the sliding ring plate (13) away from the filter material in a horizontal direction. The top of the connecting plate (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide rod (19). The top of the connecting plate (18) is slidably engaged with the bottom of the extension (24).

6. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom center of the slide seat (20) is provided with an upward mounting groove, and the motor (21) is set in the mounting groove with the output end of the motor (21) facing vertically downward.

7. The vacuum distillation equipment for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two slide seats (20) are provided and arranged symmetrically.

8. A vacuum distillation method for treating high-concentration industrial wastewater, characterized in that, Using the vacuum distillation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-7, the steps are as follows: S1. Wastewater is transported, and at the same time, alkali solution is transported through alkali solution tank (100) to filter tank (200). After filtration, the solution is transported together to distillation kettle (300). S2. Turn on the stirring function in the distillation kettle (300) to stir the wastewater and alkali solution evenly; S3. Turn on the vacuum unit (800) and draw negative pressure on the distillation kettle (300) to obtain water vapor by reduced pressure distillation; S4. Water vapor passes through a heat exchanger (400) and condenses into distilled water, which is collected in a finished product tank (500). S5. Distilled water is further collected completely by several buffer tanks.

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