Integrated compound purification system for aquaculture tail water

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated compound purification system for breeding tail water. The integrated compound purification system comprises an upper-layer physical filtering system, a lower-layer biochemical fine filtering system and a sludge treatment system, wherein the upper-layer physical filtering system and the lower-layer biochemical fine filtering system are arranged in an integral bearing structure; the biochemical fine filtration system is positioned under the ground of the physical filtration system and comprises a reaction sedimentation tank, a filter medium layer, an overflow area and a backwashing system which are arranged from bottom to top as well as a water inlet and feeding mixing tank and a water outlet discharge area which are arranged diagonally; the backwashing system comprises a sludge suction pipe positioned at the bottom of the oblique cone of the reaction sedimentation tank, and a sewage pump and a sewage discharge pipe on the ground of the physical filtering system; a drainage pipe of the physical filtering system and a pipeline of the automatic feeding system enter the reaction sedimentation tank through the water inlet and feeding mixing tank.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of seawater aquaculture tail water treatment engineering technology, specifically related to aquaculture tail water integrated composite purification system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand of people for seafood and the continuous improvement of aquaculture technology, many comprehensive aquaculture farms have been built along the coast of China. Aquaculture farms along the coast have sprung up like mushrooms, and are scattered in every corner. These aquaculture farms are characterized by small area and high breeding density. However, for many years, a large amount of untreated aquaculture tail water has been directly discharged into the relevant sea area, seriously polluting the marine environment and directly affecting the water quality of the aquaculture farm, which is not conducive to the growth of aquaculture products. Under the strategy of economic development and ecological priority, tail water treatment is a key link for high-level pond aquaculture and has become a major factor restricting the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry at the present stage.

[0003] Aquaculture tail water includes black and odorous tail water sludge such as residual feed, plankton metabolites, and aquaculture excrement, as well as water body pH, chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus that exceed the standard after decomposition.

[0004] The current standard aquaculture tail water treatment facilities and equipment include the "three pools" in the "three pool and three tank" treatment facilities, namely the primary sedimentation tank, the composite biological tank, and the multi-stage ecological filter tank. The "three tanks" include the ecological drainage tank, the primary filtration tank, and the secondary filtration tank. Due to the concentration of aquaculture farms, the narrow roads, and the small area available for tail water treatment, as well as the large number of breeders and the difficulty of coordination and communication, it is not possible to set up a "three pool and three tank" system due to the lack of space and the high cost of setting up the system. At the present stage, the first priority is to improve the clarity of aquaculture tail water and reduce the chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the discharged water. This will reduce the pollution of aquaculture tail water to the surrounding marine environment and improve the water quality of the aquaculture farm, which is conducive to the healthy development of the aquaculture industry. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an aquaculture tail water integrated composite purification system. Under the existing conditions of seawater aquaculture, a tail water centralized sedimentation tank is set up in the aquaculture farm area to sediment and filter large-particle pollutants such as aquaculture residual feed. The main solid pollutants are removed through a physical filtration system, and the biochemical pollutants in the tail water meet the discharge standard through a biochemical fine filtration system.

[0006] The utility model discloses a technical scheme that solves its technical problems is: a kind of breeding tail water integrated composite purification system, including the upper layer physical filtration system of being arranged in overall bearing structure, automatic feeding system, lower layer biochemical fine filtration system and sludge treatment system outside overall bearing structure. Biochemical fine filtration system is below the ground of upper layer physical filtration system, including by the reaction sedimentation tank of going up from below, filter medium layer, overflow area, diagonally arranged water inlet feeding mixing tank, water outlet discharge area and backwash system;According to the laying thickness of filter medium layer of design flow selection, according to the filter medium of tail water nature selection. Through water inlet feeding mixing tank, water outlet discharge area diagonal arrangement, it is favorable to water flow to pass through the whole reaction sedimentation tank, guarantee filter medium layer uniform filtration. The slower the flow rate in filter medium layer is, filter medium layer height can be appropriately reduced, because lower flow rate helps to improve filtration effect, reduce the particle flow in filter medium layer. Sludge treatment system includes filter press, liquid bag filter, basket filter and the like.

[0007] The physical filtration system includes multiple filter machines, self-priming pumps, water inlet pipes, drain pipes, and blowdown pipes. The drain pipes of the multiple filter machines enter the reaction sedimentation tank of the biochemical fine filtration system through the water inlet feeding mixing tank. The blowdown pipes of the multiple filter machines are discharged to the sludge treatment system located outdoors through a unified pipeline. The filter machines include drum-type micro-filtration machines, crawler-type micro-filtration machines, and the like.

[0008] The filter medium layer includes active filter materials such as quartz sand, anthracite, activated carbon, manganese sand, and porous ceramic particles. When a multi-layer structure is used, the particle size of the bottom layer is larger, and the particle size of the top layer is smaller. When the filtration flow rate of the filter medium layer is between 0.01 m / s and 0.005 m / s, the thickness of the filter medium layer is between 500 mm and 300 mm. These active filter materials can remove suspended solids and pollutants in water through physical and biological actions. The impurities and pollutants in the reaction sedimentation tank naturally precipitate at the inclined conical bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank. Since the water flow in the filter medium layer is upward, the pollutants lack fluid pressure to enter the filter medium layer, which effectively removes suspended solids, colloids, iron, organic matter, manganese, bacteria, viruses, and other pollutants in the water, forming a biological filtration effect. The filter medium refers to the medium on which microorganisms attach and grow to form a biofilm during biological filtration. These media provide an environment for microbial growth, allowing microorganisms to capture and biodegrade pollutants. When the filtration flow rate of the filter medium layer is between 0.005 and 0.01 m / s, colloidal particles and high-molecular-weight organic matter can be effectively removed. When the flow rate per square meter of filter medium layer is 36 T / m³h, the filtration flow rate is 0.01 m / s, and the thickness of the filter medium layer is not less than 500 mm, when the flow rate per square meter of filter medium layer is less than 18 T / m³h, and the filtration flow rate is less than 0.005 m / s, the thickness of the filter medium layer is also not less than 300 mm.

[0009] The water inlet feeding and mixing tank is placed at the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank, and the mixed water flows into the reaction sedimentation tank through the overflow channel between the top of the tank and the bottom of the filter medium layer. The physical filtration system is provided with an opening on the ground. The impact water flow of the drainage pipe of the physical filtration system is beneficial to the water inlet and feeding in the water inlet feeding and mixing tank to be fully mixed and then enter the reaction sedimentation tank through the slow flow channel at the top. The flow rate of the overflow channel is less than or equal to 0.9 m / s, which can effectively avoid the interference of the water inlet impact turbulent flow on the reaction sedimentation tank and ensure the sedimentation effect of the pollutants in the reaction sedimentation tank. When the lower biochemical fine filtration system needs to be maintained, the water inlet feeding and mixing tank can be lifted into the reaction sedimentation tank for maintenance.

[0010] The water outlet discharge area is a two-surface baffle, and the corner vertical surface of the overall bearing structure is provided with the baffle. The top of the baffle is higher than the filter medium layer. The water flow in the overflow area enters the water outlet discharge area through the overflow channel below the ground of the physical filtration system. The flow rate of the overflow channel is less than or equal to 0.9 m / s. The water outlet pipe and the gate valve are arranged on the vertical surface of the overall bearing structure. An openable observation window is arranged on the water outlet discharge area. The water surface of the overflow area is lower than the bearing structure of the ground of the physical filtration system. By opening the top cover, the quality of the water quality can be observed and sampled. The backflushing water can be discharged into the water outlet discharge area through the opening of the top cover, so as to satisfy the backwashing and decontamination effect.

[0011] The automatic feeding system comprises an automatic dosing device and an ozone generator. The automatic dosing device is arranged on the ground of the upper physical filtration system. The pipelines of the automatic feeding system all enter the reaction sedimentation tank through the water inlet feeding and mixing tank. The ozone generator is arranged in a separate closed corner of the overall bearing structure and is provided with upper and lower ventilation louvers on the vertical surface of the overall bearing structure to satisfy the ventilation. The ozone plays an important role in the treatment of the tail water of aquaculture, especially in the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen. Since the residence time of the tail water in the reaction sedimentation tank is short, the control of the total phosphorus, pH value and other chemical pollutants in the tail water discharge is mainly realized by adding reagents.

[0012] The backwashing system comprises a sewage suction pipe, a sewage pump and a sewage guide pipe arranged at the inclined conical bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank. The backwashing comprises the following steps: opening one of the filters, closing the gate valve of the water outlet discharge area, and opening the sewage pump to discharge the sludge at the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank to the sludge treatment system, so as to form a reverse washing of the filter medium layer and remove the retained substances in the filter medium layer. When there are too many biological attachments in the filter medium and affect the filtration effect, the filter medium can be replaced through the opening on the ground of the physical filtration system. At the same time of discharging and washing the sludge, a reverse water flow is formed to the filter medium layer to separate the retained solid substances attached to the filter medium layer and bring them into the inclined conical bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank.

[0013] The overall bearing structure is placed on the concrete base at the bank of the aquaculture pond.

[0014] The function structure of the flow direction of the aquaculture tail water is: aquaculture tail water → tail water centralized sedimentation tank (for removing large-particle pollutants such as residual feed and carcasses) → filter (for removing micro-particles) → filter effluent + medicament + ozone → water inlet feeding mixing tank (for generating sufficient mixing of medicament and ozone in water body by impact flow) → overflow channel (for relieving impact flow velocity) → reaction sedimentation tank (for chemical filtration) → filter medium layer (for physical fine filtration formed by low overflow flow velocity and biological filtration effect of filter medium) → overflow area (for stable flow velocity) → overflow channel (for relieving flow velocity impact) → effluent discharge area (for reaching discharge standard).

[0015] The system has the advantages of small land occupation, strong adaptability, high operability, simple operation, low operation and maintenance cost, effective reduction of suspended solids in aquaculture tail water discharge, and satisfaction of the discharge limit value of main chemical pollutants in aquaculture tail water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The utility model will be further explained in connection with the drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Figure 1 is the side view structure diagram of the utility model embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 is the structure diagram of A-A direction.

[0019] Figure 3 is the structure diagram of B-B direction.

[0020] Fig. 1. overall bearing structure, 11. facade, 12. ventilation louver, 2. physical filtration system, 21. filter, 22. water inlet pipe, 23. drain pipe, 24. blowdown pipe, 25. ground, 26. self-priming pump, 3. biochemical fine filtration system, 31. reaction sedimentation tank, 311. inclined cone bottom, 32 filter medium layer, 33. overflow area, 34. backwashing system, 341. suction pipe, 342. blowdown pump, 343. pollution guide pipe, 35. water inlet feeding mixing tank, 36. effluent discharge area, 361. baffle, 362. effluent pipe, 363. gate valve, 364. observation window, 4. automatic dosing system, 41. automatic dosing device, 42. ozone generator, 5. sludge treatment system, 6. concrete base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In Figure 1 , 2In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, an integrated composite purification system for breeding tail water includes an upper physical filtration system (2), a lower biochemical fine filtration system (3) arranged in a whole bearing structure (1), and a sludge treatment system (5) arranged outside the whole bearing structure (1). The biochemical fine filtration system (3) is located below the ground (25) of the physical filtration system (21) and includes a reaction sedimentation tank (31), a filter medium layer (32), an overflow area (33), an inlet water feeding and mixing tank (35) arranged at an angle, an outlet water discharge area (36), and a backwashing system (34). The laying thickness of the filter medium layer (32) is selected according to the design flow, and the filter medium is selected according to the nature of the tail water. The physical filtration system (2) includes a plurality of filters (21), a self-priming pump (26), an inlet water pipe (22), a drainage pipe (23), and a blowdown pipe (24). The drainage pipes (23) of the plurality of filters (21) enter the reaction sedimentation tank (31) of the biochemical fine filtration system (3) through the inlet water feeding and mixing tank (35), and the blowdown pipes (24) of the plurality of filters (21) are discharged to the sludge treatment system (5) located outdoors through a unified pipeline.

[0022] The filter medium layer (32) includes active filter materials such as quartz sand, anthracite, activated carbon, manganese sand, and porous ceramic particles. When a multi-layer structure is adopted, the particle size of the bottom layer is larger, and the particle size of the top layer is smaller. The filtration flow rate of the filter medium layer (32) is 0.01 m / s to 0.005 m / s, and the thickness of the filter medium layer (32) is 500 mm to 300 mm.

[0023] The inlet water feeding and mixing tank (35) is placed at the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank (31). The mixed water flow enters the reaction sedimentation tank (31) through the overflow channel between the top of the tank and the bottom of the filter medium layer (32). The ground (25) of the physical filtration system (2) above the inlet water feeding and mixing tank (35) is provided with an opening.

[0024] The outlet water discharge area (36) is a two-sided baffle (361) located at the corner elevation (11) of the whole bearing structure (1). The top of the baffle (361) is higher than the filter medium layer (32). The water flow of the overflow area (33) enters the outlet water discharge area (36) through the overflow channel below the ground (25) of the physical filtration system (2) and the upper part of the baffle (361). The outlet water discharge area (36) is provided with an outlet water pipe (362) and a gate valve (363) located at the elevation (11) of the whole bearing structure (1). An openable observation window (364) is arranged on the outlet water discharge area (36).

[0025] The automatic dosing system (4) comprises an automatic dosing device (41) and an ozone generator (42), the automatic dosing device (41) is arranged on the ground (25) of the upper physical filtration system (2), the pipeline of the automatic dosing system (4) enters the reaction sedimentation tank (31) through the water inlet dosing mixing tank (35), and the ozone generator (42) is arranged in an independent closed corner in the integral bearing structure (1) and is provided with upper and lower ventilation louvers (12) on the facade (11) of the integral bearing structure (1) to satisfy ventilation.

[0026] The backwashing system (34) comprises a sewage suction pipe (341), a sewage pump (342) and a sewage guide pipe (343) arranged on the inclined conical bottom (311) of the reaction sedimentation tank (31), when backwashing, one of the filters (21) is opened, the gate valve (363) of the water outlet discharge area (36) is closed, the sewage pump (342) is opened, the sludge at the bottom of the reaction sedimentation tank (31) is discharged to the sludge treatment system (5), the reverse washing of the filter medium layer (32) is formed, and the retention in the filter medium layer (32) is removed, when the biological adhesion in the filter medium is more and affects the filtration effect, the filter medium is replaced through the opening on the ground (25) of the physical filtration system (2).

[0027] The integral bearing structure (1) is placed on the concrete base (6) on the bank of the breeding pond.

[0028] It should be understood that various changes can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated complex purification system for aquaculture tail water, comprising an upper physical filtration system, an automatic dosing system, a lower biochemical fine filtration system arranged in an overall bearing structure, and a sludge treatment system outside the overall bearing structure, characterized in that: The biochemical fine filtration system is located below the ground of the upper physical filtration system, and comprises a reaction and precipitation tank from bottom to top, a filter medium layer, an overflow area, a water inlet and feeding mixing tank arranged at a diagonal position, a water outlet discharge area, and a backwashing system; the laying thickness of the filter medium layer is selected according to the design flow, and when the filtration flow rate of the filter medium layer is 0.01 m / s to 0.005 m / s, the thickness of the filter medium layer is 500 mm to 300 mm. ​ 2. The integrated composite aquaculture effluent purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The physical filtration system comprises a plurality of filters, a self-priming pump, a water inlet pipe, a water discharge pipe, and a sewage discharge pipe, the water discharge pipes of the plurality of filters enter the reaction and precipitation tank of the biochemical fine filtration system through the water inlet and feeding mixing tank, and the sewage discharge pipes of the plurality of filters are discharged to the sludge treatment system located outdoors through a unified pipeline.

3. The integrated composite aquaculture effluent purification system of claim 1, wherein: The filter medium layer comprises quartz sand, anthracite, activated carbon, manganese sand, and porous ceramic active filter material, and the filter medium is selected according to the tail water properties; when a multi-layer structure is adopted, the particle size of the bottom layer filter medium is larger, and the particle size of the top layer filter medium is smaller.

4. The integrated composite aquaculture effluent purification system of claim 1, wherein: The water inlet and feeding mixing tank is arranged at the bottom of the reaction and precipitation tank, the mixed water flow enters the reaction and precipitation tank through the overflow channel between the top of the tank and the bottom of the filter medium layer, and the ground of the upper physical filtration system above the water inlet and feeding mixing tank is provided with an opening.

5. The integrated multi-compound aquaculture effluent purification system of claim 1, wherein: The water outlet discharge area is a two-surface baffle, and the two surfaces are located at the corner vertical surface of the overall bearing structure, the top of the baffle is higher than the filter medium layer, the water flow of the overflow area enters the water outlet discharge area through the overflow channel below the ground of the physical filtration system and the upper part of the baffle, the water outlet discharge area is provided with a water outlet pipe and a gate valve at the vertical surface of the overall bearing structure, and an openable observation window is arranged on the water outlet discharge area.

6. The integrated multi-compound aquaculture effluent system of claim 1, wherein: The automatic feeding system comprises an automatic feeding device and an ozone generator, the automatic feeding device is arranged on the ground of the upper physical filtration system, and the pipelines of the automatic feeding system all enter the reaction and precipitation tank through the water inlet and feeding mixing tank; the ozone generator is arranged in a separate closed corner of the overall bearing structure, and upper and lower ventilation louvers for ventilation are arranged at the vertical surface of the overall bearing structure.

7. The integrated composite aquaculture effluent system of claim 1, wherein: The backwashing system comprises a sewage suction pipe, a sewage pump, and a sewage guide pipe arranged at the inclined conical bottom of the reaction and precipitation tank; the backwashing comprises the following steps: opening one of the filters, closing the gate valve of the water outlet discharge area, and opening the sewage pump to discharge the sludge at the bottom of the reaction and precipitation tank to the sludge treatment system, so as to form a reverse washing of the filter medium layer and remove the retained substances in the filter medium layer; when there are too many biological matters attached to the filter medium and affecting the filtration effect, the filter medium can be replaced through the opening on the ground of the physical filtration system.

8. The integrated composite aquaculture effluent system of claim 1, wherein: The overall bearing structure is arranged on the concrete base at the bank of the breeding pond.

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