A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research

Abstract

This invention discloses a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and research, belonging to the field of synchronous generators. The platform includes a support base, a stator, a rotor, an upper frame, a lower frame, and a braking and lifting system. This invention offers strong visualization capabilities, facilitating the setup of training programs and the implementation of scientific and technological projects. By arranging the entire upper and lower frames on the lower base, observation and testing of the generator's rotating components become more intuitive and convenient, providing convenience for subsequent synchronous generator-related research and monitoring. Through the hollow main shaft, signals from rotor temperature measurement and damping ring current monitoring can be extracted via signal slip rings, facilitating online monitoring and fault diagnosis of the synchronous generator rotor. The rotor temperature measurement resistance can be extracted via the hollow main shaft and matched with signal slip rings, allowing access to a background monitoring system for real-time data monitoring, facilitating online monitoring and research of the synchronous generator rotor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of synchronous generator technology, and in particular to a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research. Background Technology

[0002] A synchronous hydro-turbine generator is a power generation device that utilizes water energy to convert water energy into electrical energy. It is similar to a synchronous generator platform, but the driving method and working environment differ. The following are the basic working principles and main characteristics of a synchronous hydro-turbine generator: Working Principle: Water Energy Conversion: The synchronous hydro-turbine generator converts water energy into mechanical energy, typically using a water turbine or turbine. The rotor's rotation is driven by the impact or flow force of the water. Magnetic Field Generation: As the rotor rotates, the excitation current provided by the excitation system generates a magnetic field in the excitation coils. The rotor typically has magnets or excitation coils forming magnetic poles. Rotor Operation: The rotor's magnetic field interacts with the stator winding's magnetic field, generating electromagnetic induction, causing current to flow in the stator windings. Electrical Energy Output: The current in the stator windings converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is then output to the power grid through the synchronous hydro-turbine generator's terminals. The synchronous hydro-turbine generator is an important hydropower generation device that provides a continuous and reliable power supply through the utilization of water energy, playing a significant role in renewable energy development and power system stability.

[0003] Currently, when hydroelectric power plants train new employees on generator operation, they need to conduct on-site training at the power generation site. However, since the generators are in operation at the power generation site and cannot be disassembled at will, new employees cannot understand the internal structure and principles of the generators, which affects the quality of training. Furthermore, generators may malfunction under long-term operation, and new employees lack the ability to troubleshoot such malfunctions, further reducing the quality of training. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art where generators are located in the operating site and cannot be disassembled at will, and where it is impossible to simulate generator failures, thus affecting the quality of training for new employees. Therefore, this invention proposes a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research includes a support base, on the top of which a stator is mounted;

[0007] The rotor, wherein the outer sidewall of the rotor is rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the stator;

[0008] Upper frame, which is mounted on top of the stator;

[0009] The lower frame is installed on top of the support base and is used to bear the weight load of all rotating parts when the rotor is lifted and the friction torque when the unit brakes.

[0010] A braking jacking system is installed on the lower frame.

[0011] Preferably, the stator is composed of a frame, a stator core, and coiled coils; the frame is welded and machined from steel plates, and there are four windows on the frame wall for connecting the air cooler, where the frame hanger is also located; the frame is used to fix the stator core.

[0012] Preferably, the rotor includes main components such as a main shaft and a magnetic yoke; the main shaft is made of 20SiMn forged steel, and a lower flange is provided at the lower end of the main shaft, which is rigidly connected to the turbine shaft flange by bolts; the magnetic yoke is a forged steel ring structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper frame is cross-shaped and connected to the generator stator. The upper frame contains an upper guide bearing and a thrust bearing, which bear all the thrust load of the rotating parts of the unit. Both the upper guide bearing and the thrust bearing are sliding bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower frame is equipped with a lower guide bearing, which has the same structure as the upper guide bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, the braking lifting system has four brakes, which are mounted on the four support arms of the lower frame. When the machine stops and brakes, the air pressure lifts the brake plates of the four brakes and rubs against the brake rings mounted on the lower end of the rotor to brake the rotor.

[0016] Furthermore, a slip ring cover is installed around the thrust bearing of the upper frame, and a speed measuring device is installed on the top of the thrust bearing to measure the rotor speed.

[0017] Furthermore, a magnetic pole coil is installed on the rotor, and magnetic pole support plates are installed at both ends of the magnetic pole coil. A magnetic pole pressure plate is installed on the side of the magnetic pole support plate away from the magnetic pole coil. A damping ring is installed at the end of the magnetic pole pressure plate. A damping strip is connected through the damping ring. A current sensor is installed on the outer wall of the damping strip. The current sensor is installed on the magnetic pole pressure plate. A connector and a terminal are installed on the outer wall of the magnetic pole coil. A temperature measuring resistor is installed at the contact point between the magnetic pole support plate and the magnetic pole coil.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper guide bearing is composed of guide bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts; the thrust bearing is composed of thrust bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts; and both the guide bearing shells and the thrust bearing shells are immersed in the oil bath of the upper frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the magnetic pole coil is made of flat copper busbars welded together, with F-grade glass blank cloth used for inter-turn insulation, and is pressed into a whole with the coil. The insulation structure is F-grade insulation. The rotor is equipped with longitudinal and transverse damping windings, which can suppress rotor free oscillation and improve the stability of the power system.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention has a strong visualization effect, which is conducive to the setting up of training programs and the development of scientific and technological projects. The independent lower base support mechanism fixes the generator on the lower base, which is conducive to the display of the generator's internal structure and the setting up and development of training programs. The arrangement of the entire upper and lower frame on the lower base makes the observation and testing of the generator's rotating parts more intuitive and convenient, and provides convenience for subsequent synchronous generator-related research and monitoring.

[0022] 2. By setting a hollow main shaft, the signals from rotor temperature measurement and damping ring current monitoring can be led out through a signal slip ring, facilitating online monitoring and fault diagnosis of the synchronous generator rotor. This enables long-term runaway speed operation. All major components are designed for long-term runaway speed operation, allowing for analysis and research of various parameters during extended runaway speed operation. Finite element analysis reports for each turbine component are available. Damping bar and damping ring current monitoring can be achieved. The current sensor leads for the damping bars and damping rings are led to the signal slip ring, and then from the signal slip ring to the unit's LCU system, allowing direct measurement of the damping bar and damping ring currents, facilitating fault analysis and diagnosis.

[0023] 3. By leaving connectors on the magnetic pole coils that need to be short-circuited, and connecting them to the signal slip rings, which in turn connect to the switches, three short-circuit methods can be used as needed. This allows for long-term de-excitation operation of the salient pole synchronous generator. Through electromagnetic design optimization of the generator stator and rotor, long-term de-excitation operation of the salient pole synchronous generator can be achieved, enhancing the generator's adaptability under fault conditions. It also enables analysis and fault diagnosis research on the de-excitation operation of synchronous generators, which is not available in conventional units. Rotor temperature measurement can also be achieved.

[0024] The parts not covered in this device are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention has a strong visualization effect, which is conducive to the setting of training programs and the development of scientific and technological projects. By arranging the entire upper and lower frame on the lower base, the observation and testing of the rotating parts of the generator are more intuitive and convenient, which provides convenience for subsequent research and monitoring of synchronous generators. By setting a hollow main shaft, the rotor temperature measurement and damping ring current monitoring signals can be led out through the signal slip ring, which facilitates the online monitoring and fault diagnosis of the synchronous generator rotor. Through the hollow main shaft and the matching signal slip ring, the rotor temperature measurement resistance can be led out, which can be connected to the background monitoring system to monitor data in real time, which facilitates the online monitoring and research of the synchronous generator rotor. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention, with the base removed.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the upper frame of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stator of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower frame of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a damping bar current sensor for a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research, as proposed in this invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the magnetic pole coil connector of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0034] Figure 10This is a three-dimensional perspective view of the magnetic pole coil temperature measuring resistor structure of a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research proposed in this invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Stator; 3. Upper frame; 31. Upper guide bearing; 32. Thrust bearing; 4. Slip ring cover; 5. Speed ​​measuring device; 6. Rotor; 61. Magnetic pole coil; 62. Magnetic pole pressure plate; 63. Damping ring; 64. Current sensor; 65. Damping strip; 66. Terminal; 67. Temperature measuring resistor; 68. Magnetic pole support plate; 69. Connector; 7. Lower frame; 71. Lower guide bearing; 8. Braking jacking system. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Reference Figures 1-3 , Figure 6 This is a synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research. The generator is a suspended, closed-loop, air-cooled synchronous hydro-turbine generator driven by a coaxially connected water turbine. It adopts static thyristor excitation and the motor rotates clockwise when viewed from above. The generator consists of a stator 2, a rotor 6, an upper frame 3, a lower frame 7, and other auxiliary parts. It also incorporates excitation current provided by an excitation device. The platform includes a support base 1, on the top of which the stator 2 is mounted. The stator 2 consists of a frame, a stator core, and coiled coils. The frame is welded and machined from steel plates. There are four windows on the frame wall for connecting the air cooler, and the frame hanger is also located here. The frame is used to fix the stator core.

[0039] The stator 2 core is made of 0.5mm thick low-loss high-quality silicon steel sheets stacked together. The core is divided into 3 sections along the axis by 8mm high ventilation channel steel, which is conducive to motor ventilation and heat dissipation. The core is pressed and fixed on the frame with tension screws.

[0040] The coil is made of double-stranded flat copper wire and wrapped with F-grade epoxy powder mica tape, which is then hot-pressed and cured. It has excellent mechanical and electrical properties, and the surface of the coil is treated with anti-corona treatment. The stator 2 has three main leads and three neutral point leads, with the phase sequence U, V, W in a counterclockwise direction when viewed from above. Platinum resistance temperature measuring elements with a resistance of 100 ohms at 0℃ are embedded in the coil winding. They are embedded in the interlayer and slot bottom of each phase to monitor the temperature of the coil and the iron core of stator 2.

[0041] Reference Figures 1-4 , Figures 8-10 The rotor 6 has its outer side wall rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the stator 2. The rotor 6 includes main components such as a main shaft and a magnetic yoke. The main shaft is made of 20SiMn forged steel and is hollow. A lower flange is provided at the lower end of the main shaft, which is rigidly connected to the turbine shaft flange with bolts. A signal slip ring is installed on the main shaft. The magnetic yoke is a forged steel ring structure. A magnetic pole coil 61 is installed on the rotor 6. Magnetic pole support plates 68 are installed at both ends of the magnetic pole coil 61. A magnetic pole pressure plate 62 is installed on the side of the magnetic pole support plate 68 away from the magnetic pole coil 61. A damping ring 63 is installed at the end of the magnetic pole pressure plate 62. A damping strip 65 is connected through the damping ring 63. The current sensor 64 leads from the damping strip 65 and the damping ring 63 to the signal slip ring, and then from the signal slip ring to the unit's LCU system. The current of the damping strip 65 and the damping ring 63 can be directly measured, facilitating fault analysis. Diagnosis (Damping bar 65 and damping ring 63 have no current under normal operating conditions. Current will only be generated in damping bar 65 and damping ring 63 under asynchronous or other abnormal conditions). A current sensor 64 is installed on the outer wall of damping bar 65. The current sensor 64 is installed on magnetic pole pressure plate 62. A connector 69 and a terminal 66 are installed on the outer wall of magnetic pole coil 61. By leaving a connector 69 on magnetic pole coil 61 that needs to be short-circuited, it is connected to the signal slip ring, and then connected to the switch. There are three short-circuit methods as needed. A temperature measuring resistor 67 is installed at the contact part between magnetic pole support plate 68 and magnetic pole coil 61. Magnetic pole coil 61 is made of flat copper busbar welded together. F-grade glass cloth is used for inter-turn insulation. It is pressed into a whole with the coil. The insulation structure is F-grade insulation. The rotor 6 is equipped with longitudinal and transverse damping windings, which can suppress the free oscillation of rotor 6 and improve the stability of the power system.

[0042] The rotor 6 also includes a magnetic pole core, which is made of 1.5 mm thick high-quality steel plate laminations, has good magnetic permeability, and can reduce eddy current losses.

[0043] By optimizing the electromagnetic design of the generator stator and rotor 6, long-term demagnetization operation of the salient pole synchronous generator can be achieved, enhancing the generator's adaptability under fault conditions. This enables analysis and fault diagnosis research on the demagnetization operation of the synchronous generator, which is not available in conventional units. Through the hollow main shaft and the matching signal slip ring, the temperature measuring resistor 67 of the rotor 6 is led out and connected to the background monitoring system to monitor data in real time, facilitating online monitoring and research of the synchronous generator rotor 6.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 The upper frame 3 is mounted on top of the stator 2 and is cross-shaped. It is connected to the generator stator 2. The upper frame 3 contains an upper guide bearing 31 and a thrust bearing 32, which bear the entire thrust load of the rotating parts of the unit. Both the upper guide bearing 31 and the thrust bearing 32 are sliding bearings. A slip ring cover 4 is installed around the thrust bearing 32 of the upper frame 3. The generator platform is equipped with slip rings and a carbon brush assembly. The slip ring cover 4 protects the slip rings and carbon brush assembly. The top of the thrust bearing 32 is equipped with a speed measuring device 5, which is used to measure the rotational speed of the rotor 6. The upper guide bearing 31 is composed of guide bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts. The thrust bearing 32 is composed of thrust bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts. Both the guide bearing shells and the thrust bearing shells are immersed in the oil sump of the upper frame 3. The heat loss generated during operation is conducted to the outside of the machine by the oil cooler through water. In order to prevent shaft current from being generated on this generator platform, both the upper guide bearing 31 and the thrust bearing 32 are insulated bearings.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 The lower frame 7 is installed on top of the support base 1 and is used to bear the weight load of all rotating bodies when the rotor 6 is lifted and the friction torque when the unit is braked. The lower frame 7 is equipped with a lower guide bearing 71, which has the same structure as the upper guide bearing 31.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 Braking lifting system 8 is installed on the lower frame 7. The braking lifting system 8 has four brakes, and the four brakes are installed on the four support arms of the lower frame 7. When the machine stops, the air pressure lifts the brake plates of the four brakes and rubs against the brake ring installed at the lower end of the rotor 6 to brake the rotor 6.

[0047] Before starting the unit, the rotor 6 is jacked up to allow lubricating oil to enter the guide bearing. The brake jacking system 8 can be controlled automatically or manually. The brake is reset by air pressure, and the reset is reliable.

[0048] In addition, this generator platform is a closed-loop air-cooled system. The air coolers are installed around the stator 2 frame. Hot air becomes cold air after passing through the air coolers. The cold air enters the generator platform from both ends of the frame to cool the rotor 6 and stator 2, and then becomes hot air again before entering the air coolers. Inside the coolers, the heat from the hot air is carried to the outside of the generator platform by the cooling water. All the inlet and outlet water pipes of the coolers are designed to allow water to enter in both directions. If dirt gets stuck at the inlet end, it will be carried away by the water flow when the water is reversed, which can reduce the number of cooler maintenance and extend its service life. The power station should strive to supply clean and dirt-free cooling water to the air coolers to extend the maintenance cycle of the coolers. Under normal circumstances, the cold air temperature should not exceed 45°C and the cooling water temperature should not exceed 28°C.

[0049] In this invention, when assembling the invention, the elevation of the support base 1 is checked according to the elevation drawing. The lower frame 7 is hoisted into the middle of the support base 1 and placed on the base. Then, the center, elevation and level are initially adjusted. The stator 2 is hoisted onto the base for pre-assembly. Then, the center, elevation and level are initially adjusted. The upper frame 3 is hoisted onto the stator 2 for pre-assembly. The center, elevation and level of the upper frame 3 are adjusted. After the adjustment is completed, the upper frame 3 is hoisted open.

[0050] The rotor 6 is hoisted into the stator 2 of the generator platform. The weight of the rotor 6 is supported by the brake. The center of the generator platform shaft is aligned with the turbine shaft. The rotor 6 is then hoisted back onto the frame 3 and placed onto the stator 2. The thrust bearing 32 and the upper guide bearing 31 are then installed on the upper frame 3 in sequence.

[0051] Rotor 6 is changed from being supported by the brake to being supported on the thrust bearing 32; the turbine is rotated (installed), and the perpendicularity of the plane of the thrust bearing 32 to the axis is found. Using the center of the turbine shaft as a reference, the center line of the generator platform shaft to the turbine shaft is corrected again.

[0052] Turn the turbine again (before the turbine is installed), connect the lower flange of the rotor 6 of this generator platform to the connecting flange of the turbine shaft, turn the turbine generator platform unit once, install the lower guide bearing 71, adjust the guide bearing clearance according to the turning swing, and install all accessories such as air cooler, temperature measuring device, oil and water system, etc.

[0053] After installation, troubleshooting training, model testing, and scientific research experiments can be conducted. This invention facilitates maintenance personnel in disassembling, assembling, and adjusting the equipment, as well as carrying out related testing projects. It also facilitates operation (manual and automatic operation) and troubleshooting training for operators, making training projects easy to set up and implement. Furthermore, it has strong visualization effects, which helps trainees understand the internal structure and meets the principles of safety training. It also has certain model testing and scientific research experimental capabilities.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research, comprising a support base (1), characterized in that, A stator (2) is mounted on the top of the support base (1); Also includes: The rotor (6) has its outer sidewall rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the stator (2); Upper frame (3), said upper frame (3) is mounted on top of stator (2); The lower frame (7) is installed on the top of the support base (1) to bear the weight load of all rotating bodies when the rotor (6) is lifted and the friction torque when the unit brakes; Braking lifting system (8), said braking lifting system (8) is mounted on the lower frame (7); The rotor (6) includes a main shaft and a magnetic yoke; the main shaft is made of 20SiMn forged steel and a lower flange is provided at the lower end of the main shaft. The lower flange is rigidly connected to the turbine shaft flange by bolts. The magnetic yoke is a forged steel ring structure. The braking lifting system (8) has four brakes, and the four brakes are mounted on the four arms of the lower frame (7). When the machine stops, the air pressure lifts the brake plates of the four brakes and rubs against the brake ring mounted on the lower end of the rotor (6) to brake the rotor (6). A magnetic pole coil (61) is installed on the rotor (6). Magnetic pole support plates (68) are installed at both ends of the magnetic pole coil (61). A magnetic pole pressure plate (62) is installed on the side of the magnetic pole support plate (68) away from the magnetic pole coil (61). A damping ring (63) is installed at the end of the magnetic pole pressure plate (62). A damping strip (65) is connected through the damping ring (63). A current sensor (64) is installed on the outer wall of the damping strip (65). The current sensor (64) is installed on the magnetic pole pressure plate (62). A connector (69) and a terminal (66) are installed on the outer wall of the magnetic pole coil (61). A temperature measuring resistor (67) is installed at the contact point between the magnetic pole support plate (68) and the magnetic pole coil (61).

2. The synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator (2) consists of a frame, a stator (2) core and a coiled coil; the frame is welded and processed from steel plate, and there are four windows on the frame wall for connecting the air cooler, and the frame hanger is also located here. The frame is used to fix the stator (2) core.

3. The synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper frame (3) is cross-shaped and connected to the generator stator (2). The upper frame (3) contains an upper guide bearing (31) and a thrust bearing (32). The upper guide bearing (31) and the thrust bearing (32) bear all the thrust load of the rotating part of the unit. Both the upper guide bearing (31) and the thrust bearing (32) are sliding bearings.

4. A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower frame (7) is equipped with a lower guide bearing (71), which has the same structure as the upper guide bearing (31).

5. A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, A collector ring cover (4) is installed around the thrust bearing (32) of the upper frame (3), and a speed measuring device (5) is installed on the top of the thrust bearing (32). The speed measuring device (5) is used to measure the rotational speed of the rotor (6).

6. A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper guide bearing (31) is composed of guide bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts. The thrust bearing (32) is composed of thrust bearing shells, which are rigid supports that are adjusted by bolts. Both the guide bearing shells and the thrust bearing shells are immersed in the oil pool of the upper frame (3).

7. A synchronous generator platform suitable for teaching and scientific research according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic pole coil (61) is made of flat copper busbars welded together, and F-grade glass blank is used as the inter-turn insulation. It is pressed into a whole with the coil. The insulation structure is F-grade insulation. The rotor (6) is equipped with longitudinal and transverse damping windings, which can suppress the free oscillation of the rotor (6) and improve the stability of the power system.

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