Railway wagon hand brake

Abstract

This invention discloses a railway freight car handbrake. It includes a housing and a manual drive mechanism, a release mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, and a monitoring mechanism disposed within the housing. The manual drive mechanism includes a drive shaft and a planetary gear train and a clutch mechanism mounted on the drive shaft. The release mechanism includes a release shaft, a pawl rotatably mounted on the release shaft, and a shift fork fixed to the release shaft and rotating coaxially. The shift fork engages with the clutch of the clutch mechanism. The chain drive mechanism includes a chain winding gear and a chain winding shaft. The monitoring mechanism includes a limit switch connected to a control center signal. This railway freight car handbrake provides the locomotive with braking and release status information. After the locomotive collects this signal, it can monitor the braking and release status of the train's handbrake in real time. It also significantly improves the chain output force. Using this handbrake simplifies the vehicle's handbrake device, ensuring the vehicle's parking capability without using pulleys or handbrake levers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway freight car design technology, and more particularly to the field of railway freight car component design technology, and relates to a railway freight car handbrake. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main handbrakes for freight cars on my country's railways are FSW and NSW / NSW-I type handbrakes, with a chain output force of about 10kN. They lack braking and release status monitoring functions. Before a train departs, dedicated personnel must inspect the handbrake devices of each car to ensure they are in the released state, which is labor-intensive and inefficient.

[0003] During use, since the existing handbrake uses the method of driving the chain by winding the chain on the chain reel, as the amount of chain winding increases, the distance between the center of the chain and the chain reel continuously increases, the actual multiplier of the handbrake continuously decreases, and at the same time, as the contact area between the chain and the housing continuously increases, the friction also continuously increases, the transmission efficiency continuously decreases, which has a significant impact on the chain output force.

[0004] With the development of railway technology, the requirements for vehicle parking capacity are becoming increasingly stringent. Generally, the parking capacity of vehicles is improved by adding movable pulleys or handbrake levers, which results in a relatively complex structure and low transmission efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a handbrake with braking and release monitoring functions and a large chain output force. By utilizing the braking and release status monitoring function of the handbrake, the locomotive can collect this information and remotely monitor the braking and release status of the handbrakes of each vehicle in the train, implement precise positioning and processing, and greatly improve work efficiency. After the chain output force of the handbrake is increased, the vehicle handbrake device can be simplified, and the purpose of safe vehicle parking can be achieved without using structures such as pulleys or handbrake levers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention discloses a handbrake mechanism for railway freight cars, addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies. The objective of this invention is to provide a handbrake mechanism with functions including braking and release status monitoring, and a greater chain output force.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A railway freight car handbrake, characterized in that it comprises: a housing, and a manual drive mechanism, a release mechanism, a chain drive mechanism and a monitoring mechanism disposed in the housing;

[0009] The box is fixed to the truck body to provide support and protection for various mechanisms. It consists of a back plate fixed to the truck body and a shell that is fixed together with the back plate.

[0010] The manual drive mechanism includes: a drive shaft, and a planetary gear train and a clutch mechanism mounted on the drive shaft; both ends of the drive shaft are mounted on the handbrake housing via bearings, and the front end extends out of the housing to mount the drive handwheel; the planetary gear train includes: a gear ring fixed to the housing, a transmission gear coaxially fixed on the drive shaft, a planet carrier rotatably mounted on the drive shaft, and three sets of planetary gears meshing with the gear ring and the transmission gear; the three sets of planetary gears are rotatably engaged with the front end face of the planet carrier via bolts; the planet carrier is driven by a chain drive mechanism via the clutch mechanism.

[0011] The release mechanism includes: a release shaft, a pawl rotatably mounted on the release shaft, and a shift fork fixed on the release shaft and rotating coaxially. The shift fork engages with the clutch of the clutch mechanism. The two ends of the release shaft are mounted on the handbrake housing via bearings, and the front end extends out of the housing to mount the release handle.

[0012] The chain drive mechanism includes a chain winding gear and a chain winding shaft; the chain winding gear meshes with the manual drive mechanism; the chain winding shaft is coaxially fixed with the chain winding gear and mounted on the handbrake housing through bearings; three sets of chain winding teeth that can be embedded in the chain link holes that make up the chain are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the chain winding shaft to drive the chain; three sets of chain winding grooves that can limit the embedding of the chain link are symmetrically formed between adjacent chain winding teeth.

[0013] The monitoring mechanism, including a limit switch, is mounted on the housing and connected to the control center signal. The limit switch works in conjunction with the release mechanism to pick up the braking or release status signal of the handbrake mechanism.

[0014] The transmission shaft behind the transmission gear of the present invention is provided with a thread, and the transmission shaft in front of the transmission gear and behind the thread is a smooth rod; the planetary gear train is located at the position of the transmission gear on the transmission shaft; the clutch mechanism is a coaxial mechanism mounted on the transmission shaft, including a single clutch mechanism and a double clutch mechanism;

[0015] A clutch mechanism is located at the threaded position of the drive shaft and is a friction clutch structure, including: a front friction plate disposed on the rear end face of the planetary carrier, a ratchet that engages with the friction plate at both the front and rear ends, a control wheel that is rotatably engaged with the threaded drive shaft, a rear friction plate disposed on the engagement surface between the ratchet and the control wheel, and the ratchet being limited in rotation by the pawl of the release mechanism;

[0016] The two-position clutch mechanism is located at the rear of the drive shaft and is an embedded quick-engagement structure. It includes: a clutch that rotates with the rear end of the control wheel and is mounted on a small gear on the drive shaft; the clutch is controlled by the fork of the release mechanism and can slide along the control wheel axis; the small gear meshes with the chain gear and the engagement surface with the clutch is provided with a clutch groove that matches the clutch engagement protrusion.

[0017] Furthermore, the rear end face of the planetary carrier and the front engagement surface of the ratchet are configured as a matching front inclined ring, and a front friction plate is installed in the front inclined ring. The engagement surface of the ratchet and the control wheel is configured as a rear inclined ring that is radially symmetrical with the front inclined ring, and a rear friction plate is installed in the rear inclined ring. The front inclined ring and the rear inclined ring form a tapered structure that gradually narrows towards the axis.

[0018] Furthermore, the rear end shaft of the control wheel is a multi-faceted shaft, and the clutch has a multi-faceted hole that matches the multi-faceted shaft to achieve rotation. The clutch can slide along the axial direction of the multi-faceted shaft under the drive of the shift fork.

[0019] The chain drive mechanism of the present invention further includes a chain guide plate; the chain guide plate has an arc surface and a planar section with arc transitions at both ends of the arc surface; the chain guide plate is disposed above the chain winding shaft, and the arc surface is coaxially arranged and fixed on the machine housing with the chain winding shaft; the arc surface of the chain guide plate and the chain winding shaft form a chain channel.

[0020] Furthermore, at the entrance of the chain channel formed between the arc surface of the chain guide plate and the winding chain shaft, two parallel guide chains are provided at the transition section connecting the arc surface of the chain guide plate and the planar section. The distance between the two guide chains is greater than the diameter of the chain link post and less than 1.4 times the diameter of the chain link post.

[0021] The shift fork of the present invention has an axially arranged inclined surface, which drives the clutch to slide along the control wheel axis as the release shaft rotates, thereby achieving engagement with the pinion.

[0022] The present invention describes a ratchet pawl with an axially arranged oblong hole, through which a cylindrical relief shaft rotates and can slide. The outer end of the oblong hole has a tongue that meshes with a ratchet wheel, and the other end has a trigger contact along the radial length of the hole. A spring sleeve post is arranged on the outer wall of the ratchet at an angle of less than 60 degrees along the radial length of the hole. A spring is axially mounted along the spring sleeve post, and the other end of the spring forms a compression and reset structure with a spring support located in the housing. The top of the trigger contact matches a limit switch button for triggering.

[0023] Furthermore, the trigger contact is retractable, adjustable, and fixed, used to adjust the distance between the top of the trigger contact and the limit switch button.

[0024] Furthermore, the limit switch is installed and fixed inside a protective housing with a round hole sealing plate. The protective housing is fixed to the housing and protected and fixed by a protective cover. The limit switch button extends out of the round hole and matches the trigger contact to trigger the setting.

[0025] This invention's handbrake senses the movement trend of the drive shaft through the actual relative relationship between the pawl and the ratchet. It converts the braking and releasing states of the handbrake into circuit on / off signals via limit switches, thus realizing the function of monitoring the braking and releasing states of the handbrake. The structure is stable and reliable, and the sensing is clear. It can remotely judge the braking and releasing states of the handbrakes of each vehicle in the train. Vehicles with abnormal braking and releasing states of the handbrake can be accurately dealt with, ensuring train operation safety and improving work efficiency.

[0026] This invention utilizes a planetary gear train structure for the handbrake drive shaft, achieving coaxial amplification of the handbrake input force. It achieves multiple amplifications of the input force within a relatively small space, and different transmission ratios can be obtained by adjusting the tooth configuration of the planetary gear train. In the complex environment of railway transportation, the structure is more stable and reliable, less susceptible to environmental influences, and the transmission structure is more robust.

[0027] The present invention relates to a chain drive mechanism for a railway freight car handbrake. The chain is driven by the meshing between the toothed structure of the chain reel and the chain. During transmission, the distance between the center of the chain and the center of the chain reel remains constant, ensuring that the actual braking ratio remains constant. Furthermore, the chain does not wrap around the chain reel, avoiding the problem of reduced transmission efficiency caused by friction between the chain and the handbrake housing. This effectively improves transmission efficiency and solves the problem of the limitation on the amount of chain winding in existing chain reeling methods.

[0028] The present invention relates to a railway freight car handbrake that can provide the locomotive with braking and release status information. After the locomotive collects the signal, it can realize real-time monitoring of the braking and release status of the train's handbrake. At the same time, it greatly improves the chain output force. By using this handbrake, the vehicle's handbrake device can be simplified, and the vehicle's parking ability can be guaranteed without using mechanisms such as pulleys or handbrake levers. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the railway freight car handbrake of this invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the assembly of the railway freight car handbrake of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of section AA;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the manual drive mechanism of the handbrake of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of the manual drive mechanism of the handbrake of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6This is an exploded view of the chain drive mechanism for the hand brake of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a front view of the handbrake chain drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a side view of the chain drive mechanism of the handbrake of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a side view of the assembly of the handbrake chain and the chain drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a front view of the assembly of the handbrake chain and chain drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 Schematic diagram of section AA;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the chain drive mechanism winding shaft structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 Schematic diagram of section AA;

[0042] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the BB section;

[0043] Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the handbrake monitoring mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet structure of the handbrake mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the handbrake limit switch in the disengaged state of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the compression state of the handbrake travel switch of the present invention.

[0047] In the diagram, 1 is the manual drive mechanism, 2 is the chain drive mechanism, 3 is the release mechanism, 4 is the main monitoring mechanism, 5 is the housing, 6 is the back plate, 7 is the handwheel, 8 is the release handle, and 9 is the chain.

[0048] 11 is the gear ring, 12 is the drive shaft, 13 is the bolt, 14 is the drive gear, 15 is the planetary gear, 16 is the planetary carrier, 17 is the friction plate, 18 is the ratchet, 19 is the control wheel, 110 is the clutch, 111 is the pinion, and 112 is the end shaft.

[0049] 21 is the chain shaft, 22 is the chain gear, 23 is the chain guide plate, 24 is the chain guide bar, 211 is the chain tooth, and 212 is the chain groove.

[0050] 31 is a pawl, 32 is a shift fork, 33 is a spring, 34 is a spring support, 35 is a release shaft; 311 is a trigger contact, 312 is an oblong hole, 313 is a ratchet tongue, and 314 is a spring sleeve post.

[0051] 41 is a limit switch, 42 is a protective base, 43 is a protective cover, 44 is a screw, and 45 is a sealing plate;

[0052] A is a planetary gear train; B is a single-position clutch mechanism; C is a two-position clutch mechanism; D is the limit switch disengaged state; E is the limit switch compressed state. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments are further explanations of the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any technology that is the same as or similar to the present invention does not exceed the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] Refer to the attached diagram.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the railway freight car handbrake of the present invention includes: a housing, a manual drive mechanism 1, a release mechanism 3, a chain drive mechanism 2 and a monitoring mechanism 4 disposed in the housing;

[0056] The box is fixed to the truck body to provide support and protection for various mechanisms. It consists of a back plate 6 fixed to the truck body and a shell 5 that is combined and fixed to the back plate 6.

[0057] The manual drive mechanism 1 includes: a drive shaft 12, a planetary gear train A and a clutch mechanism mounted on the drive shaft 12; both ends of the drive shaft 12 are mounted on the handbrake housing via bearings, and the front end extends out of the housing 5 to mount the drive handwheel 7; the planetary gear train A includes: a gear ring 11 fixed to the housing 5, a transmission gear 14 coaxially fixed on the drive shaft 12, a planet carrier 16 rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 12, and three sets of planetary gears 15 meshing with the gear ring 11 and the transmission gear 14; the three sets of planetary gears 15 are rotatably engaged with the front end face of the planet carrier 16 via bolts 13; the planet carrier 16 is driven by the chain drive mechanism 2 via the clutch mechanism.

[0058] The release mechanism 3 includes: a release shaft 35, a pawl 31 rotatably mounted on the release shaft 35, and a shift fork 32 fixed on the release shaft 35 and coaxially rotating. The shift fork 32 drives and engages with the clutch 110 of the clutch mechanism. The two ends of the release shaft 35 are mounted on the handbrake housing through bearings, and the front end extends out of the housing 5 to install the release handle 8.

[0059] The chain drive mechanism 2 includes a chain winding gear 22 and a chain winding shaft 21; the chain winding gear 22 is driven and meshed with the manual drive mechanism; the chain winding shaft 21 is coaxially fixed with the chain winding gear 22 and is mounted on the handbrake housing through bearings; three sets of chain winding teeth 211 that can be embedded in the chain link holes that constitute the chain 9 are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the chain winding shaft 21 to drive the chain 9; three sets of chain winding grooves 212 that can limit the embedding of the chain link are symmetrically formed between adjacent chain winding teeth 211;

[0060] The monitoring mechanism 4 includes a limit switch 41, which is installed and fixed on the housing 5 and connected to the control center signal. The limit switch 41 works with the release mechanism 3 to pick up the braking or release status signal of the handbrake mechanism.

[0061] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the manual drive mechanism of the handbrake of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of the manual drive mechanism of the handbrake of the present invention; Figure 1 , Figure 3 The exploded independent structure and cross-sectional structure of the manual drive mechanism 1 are shown in the figure. The drive shaft 12 behind the transmission gear 14 is threaded. The drive shaft 12 in front of the transmission gear 14 and behind the thread is a smooth rod. The thread and smooth rod are not shown in the figure. The planetary gear train A is located at the position of the transmission gear 14 on the drive shaft 12. The clutch mechanism is a coaxial mechanism mounted on the drive shaft 12, including a single clutch mechanism B and a two-position clutch mechanism C. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The diagram shows the positional relationship between the pawl 31 and the fork 32 of the relief mechanism 3.

[0062] A clutch mechanism B is located at the threaded position of the drive shaft 12 and is a friction clutch structure, including: a front friction plate 17 disposed on the rear end face of the planetary carrier 16, a ratchet 18 that is engaged with the friction plate at both the front and rear ends, a control wheel 19 that is rotatably engaged with the drive shaft 12, a rear friction plate 17 disposed on the engagement surface of the ratchet 18 and the control wheel 19, and the ratchet 18 is limited to rotate by the pawl 31 of the release mechanism 3;

[0063] The two-position clutch mechanism C is located at the rear of the drive shaft 12, and is an embedded quick-clutch structure. It includes: a clutch 110 that rotates with the rear end of the control wheel 19, and a pinion 111 mounted on the drive shaft 12; the clutch 110 is controlled by the fork 32 of the release mechanism 3 and can slide along the axial direction of the control wheel 19; the pinion 111 is driven to mesh with the chain gear 22, and the engagement surface with the clutch 110 is provided with a clutch groove that matches the clutch protrusion of the clutch 110.

[0064] The rear end face of the planetary carrier 16 and the front mating face of the ratchet 18 are configured as a matching front inclined ring. A front friction plate 17 is installed in the front inclined ring. The mating face of the ratchet 18 and the control wheel 19 is configured as a rear inclined ring that is radially symmetrical with the front inclined ring. A rear friction plate 17 is installed in the rear inclined ring. The front inclined ring and the rear inclined ring form a tapered structure that gradually narrows towards the axis.

[0065] The rear shaft of the control wheel 19 is a multi-faceted shaft, and the clutch 110 has a multi-faceted hole that matches the multi-faceted shaft to achieve rotation. The clutch 110 can slide along the axial direction of the multi-faceted shaft under the drive of the shift fork 32.

[0066] The planetary gear train A takes the drive shaft 12 as input and the planet carrier 16 as output. By adjusting the number of teeth of the gear ring 11, the drive gear 14 and the planet gear 15, different transmission ratios can be obtained to realize the input force amplification function.

[0067] In clutch mechanism B, planetary carrier 16 and control wheel 19 are connected by trapezoidal threads, with friction plate 17 and ratchet 18 sandwiched in between. The ratchet 18 is controlled by pawl 31 of release device 3 and can only rotate clockwise. When drive shaft 12 rotates clockwise, the planetary carrier 16, friction plate 17, ratchet 18 and control wheel 19 are clamped by threads to form a local integral structure, transmitting the force to the next level. When drive shaft 12 rotates counterclockwise, the threads loosen, and control wheel 19 rotates counterclockwise under the action of chain 9 tension, continuing to tighten the threads until chain 9 tension disappears, realizing the handbrake stage release function.

[0068] In the two-position clutch mechanism C, the control wheel 19 and the pinion 111 are connected by the clutch 110. When the clutch 110 is closed, the input force is transmitted from the control wheel 19 to the pinion 111 through the clutch 110. When the clutch 110 is disengaged, the transmission path between the control wheel 19 and the pinion 111 is cut off. Because the pinion 111 meshes with the chain gear 22 of the handbrake chain drive mechanism 2, under the action of the chain 9 tension, the chain gear 22 drives the pinion 13 to rotate rapidly, thereby realizing the rapid release of the handbrake.

[0069] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figures 9 to 14 As shown, the chain drive mechanism 2 is also provided with a chain guide plate 23; the chain guide plate 23 has an arc surface and a flat section with arc transitions at both ends of the arc surface; the chain guide plate 23 is located above the chain winding shaft 21, and the arc surface is coaxially arranged and fixed on the housing 5 with the chain winding shaft 21; the arc surface of the chain guide plate 23 and the chain winding shaft 21 form a chain channel.

[0070] The arc surface of the chain guide plate 23 and the winding chain shaft 21 form the entrance of the chain channel. Two parallel guide chains 24 are set at the transition part connecting the arc surface of the chain guide plate 23 and the planar section. The distance between the two guide chains 24 is greater than the diameter of the chain link post and less than 1.4 times the diameter of the chain link post. This structure can limit the chain link of the chain 9 to automatically adjust its shape when entering the chain channel, so as to achieve smoother entry into the chain channel and more stable engagement with the winding chain teeth 211 and the winding chain groove 212.

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the shift fork 32 has an axially arranged inclined surface. The inclined surface rotates with the release shaft 35 to drive the clutch 110 to slide axially along the control wheel 19 to achieve engagement or disengagement with the pinion 111.

[0072] like Figures 15 to 18 As shown, the monitoring mechanism 4 of the present invention includes a limit switch 41, which is installed and fixed on the housing 5 and connected to the control center signal. The limit switch 41 cooperates with the release mechanism 3 to pick up the braking or release status signal of the handbrake mechanism.

[0073] like Figure 16 As shown, the pawl 31 is provided with an oblong hole 312 in the axial direction. The cylindrical relief shaft 35 passes through the oblong hole 312 and can rotate and slide. The outer end of the oblong hole 312 of the pawl 31 is provided with a tongue 313 that meshes with the ratchet 18. The other end is provided with a trigger contact 311 along the radial length of the oblong hole 312. The outer wall of the pawl 31 is provided with a spring sleeve post 314 arranged at an angle of less than 60 degrees along the radial length of the oblong hole 312. A spring 33 is mounted in the axial direction along the spring sleeve post 314. The other end of the spring 33 and the spring support 34 provided in the housing 5 form a compression and reset structure. The top of the trigger contact 311 matches the limit switch 41 button to trigger the setting.

[0074] like Figure 16 , 17 As shown in Figure 18, the pawl 31 is axially provided with an oblong hole 312, a ratchet tongue 313, and a trigger contact 311. The pawl 31 senses the braking and releasing states of the handbrake through the handbrake ratchet 18 and presents this state in the form of displacement. When the handbrake is in the released state, the handbrake ratchet 18 exerts no force on the pawl 31. Due to the action of the return spring 33, the trigger contact 311 is kept at the maximum position away from the limit switch 41. When the handbrake is in the braking state, under the reaction force of the ratchet 18, it overcomes the force of the spring 33 and moves towards the limit switch 41 button, compressing the limit switch 41. The relative position of the pawl 31 and the limit switch 41 can be precisely adjusted through the trigger contact 311, so as to obtain the state of the handbrake in real time and accurately.

[0075] As shown in the figure, the trigger contact 311 is a telescopic, adjustable, and fixed structure used to adjust the distance between the top of the trigger contact 311 and the limit switch 41 button. In this example, it is a telescopic adjusting bolt.

[0076] like Figure 15 As shown, the limit switch 41 of the monitoring device 4 is installed and fixed in a protective seat 42 with a round hole sealing plate 45. The protective seat 42 is fixed on the housing 5 and protected and fixed by the protective cover 43. The button of the limit switch 41 extends out of the round hole of the sealing plate 45 and matches the trigger contact 311 to trigger the setting.

[0077] like Figure 17 As shown, when the handbrake is in the released state, the trigger contact 311 of the pawl 31 disengages from the limit switch 41; as Figure 18 As shown, when the handbrake is in the braking state, the trigger contact 311 of the pawl 31 compresses the limit switch 41 to close it; the control center can obtain the status of the handbrake in real time and accurately through the opening and closing signals of the limit switch 41.

Claims

1. A railway car hand brake, characterized by, The utility model relates to a hand brake, including: A box, a manual drive mechanism, a relief mechanism, a chain drive mechanism and a monitoring mechanism arranged in the box; The box is fixed on the truck body and provides support and protection for each mechanism, and is composed of a back plate fixed on the truck body and a shell fixed on the back plate; The manual drive mechanism comprises a transmission shaft, a planetary gear train arranged on the transmission shaft and a clutch mechanism; the two ends of the transmission shaft are installed on the hand brake box through bearings, and the front end extends out of the shell to install a driving hand wheel; the planetary gear train comprises a gear ring fixed on the shell, a transmission gear coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft, a planet carrier which can rotate relative to the transmission shaft, three sets of planetary gears meshing with the gear ring and the transmission gear, and three sets of planetary gears rotatably combined with the front end face of the planet carrier through bolts; the planet carrier is drivingly connected with the chain drive mechanism through the clutch mechanism; the transmission shaft on the rear side of the transmission gear is provided with threads, the transmission shaft on the front side of the transmission gear and the rear side of the threads is a light pole; the planetary gear train is located at the position of the transmission gear of the transmission shaft; the clutch mechanism is a coaxial mechanism sleeved on the transmission shaft and comprises a one-position clutch mechanism and a two-position clutch mechanism; the one-position clutch mechanism is located at the thread position of the transmission shaft and is a friction clutch structure, comprising a front friction plate arranged on the rear end face of the planet carrier, a ratchet wheel combined with the friction plate at the front and rear ends, a control wheel rotatably combined with the threads of the transmission shaft, a rear friction plate arranged on the combined surface of the ratchet wheel and the control wheel, and the ratchet wheel is limited in rotation by the pawl of the relief mechanism; the two-position clutch mechanism is located at the light pole position of the rear part of the transmission shaft and is an embedded quick clutch structure, comprising a clutch rotatably combined with the rear end of the control wheel and a pinion sleeved on the transmission shaft; the clutch can slide axially along the control wheel under the drive of the pawl of the relief mechanism; the pinion is drivingly meshed with the chain wheel, and the combined surface of the clutch is provided with a clutch groove matched with the clutch protrusion of the clutch; The relief mechanism comprises a relief shaft, a pawl rotatably sleeved on the relief shaft, and a pawl fixed coaxially on the relief shaft; the pawl is drivingly matched with the clutch of the clutch mechanism; the two ends of the relief shaft are installed on the hand brake box through bearings, and the front end extends out of the shell to install a relief handle; The chain drive mechanism comprises a chain wheel and a chain shaft; the chain wheel is drivingly meshed with the manual drive mechanism; the chain shaft is coaxially fixed with the chain wheel and is installed on the hand brake box through bearings; three sets of chain teeth for driving the chain are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the chain shaft and can be embedded in the chain link holes to form three sets of chain slots for limiting the chain links; The monitoring mechanism comprises a travel switch fixed on the shell and connected with the control center signal; the travel switch is matched with the relief mechanism to pick up the brake or relief state signal of the hand brake.

2. The railway car hand brake of claim 1 wherein: The rear end face of the planet carrier and the front combined surface of the ratchet wheel are matched with the front inclined surface ring, the front friction plate is installed in the front inclined surface ring, the combined surface of the ratchet wheel and the control wheel is matched with the rear inclined surface ring which is radially symmetrical with the front inclined surface ring, and the rear friction plate is installed in the rear inclined surface ring; the front inclined surface ring and the rear inclined surface ring are gradually narrowed towards the shaft.

3. The railway car hand brake of claim 1 wherein: The rear end shaft of the control wheel is a multi-rib shaft, the clutch has a multi-rib hole matched with the multi-rib shaft to realize rotation, and the clutch can slide axially along the multi-rib shaft under the drive of the pawl.

4. Railway wagon hand brake according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The chain driving mechanism further comprises a chain guide plate; the chain guide plate has a circular arc surface and a flat section connected to the two ends of the circular arc surface; the chain guide plate is arranged above the chain winding shaft, and the circular arc surface is coaxially arranged and fixed on the shell; the chain guide plate and the chain winding shaft form a chain passage.

5. The railway car hand brake of claim 4 wherein: The chain guide plate and the chain winding shaft form a chain passage entrance, and the transition part of the circular arc surface and the flat section of the chain guide plate is provided with two parallel chain guides; the distance between the two chain guides is greater than the diameter of the chain link column and less than 1.4 times the diameter of the chain link column.

6. The railway car hand brake of claim 4 wherein: The shift fork has an inclined surface arranged in the axial direction, and the inclined surface drives the clutch to slide along the control wheel in the axial direction to achieve meshing with the pinion when the relief shaft rotates.

7. The railway car hand brake of claim 4 wherein: The pawl is axially provided with a waist-shaped long circular hole, and the cylindrical relief shaft passes through the waist-shaped long circular hole and is rotatable and slidably matched; the pawl is provided with a ratchet tongue at the radially long diameter end of the waist-shaped long circular hole, which is meshed with the ratchet wheel; the other end is provided with a trigger contact along the radially long diameter direction of the long circular hole; the outer wall of the pawl is provided with a spring sleeve column arranged at an angle less than 60 degrees along the radially long diameter direction of the waist-shaped long circular hole; a spring is sleeved on the spring sleeve column in the axial direction, and the other end of the spring is matched with a spring support arranged on the shell to form a compression reset structure; the top end of the trigger contact is matched with a travel switch button to trigger.

8. The railway car hand brake of claim 7 wherein: The trigger contact can be extended and retracted to adjust and fix the distance between the top end of the trigger contact and the travel switch button.

9. The railway car hand brake of claim 7 wherein: The travel switch is installed and fixed in a protective shell with a round hole sealing plate, and the protective shell is fixed on the shell and protected by a protective cover; the travel switch button extends out of the round hole and is matched with the trigger contact to trigger.

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