Device and method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water

Abstract

This invention provides an apparatus and method for solar-powered water splitting to produce hydrogen, comprising a base plate and a cover plate. The base plate and cover plate together form a cavity for containing liquid. On the side of the cover plate near the base plate, from the side closest to the cover plate to the side furthest away from the cover plate, a layer of nano-catalytic particles, a hydrophilic membrane, and a capillary conveying plate are sequentially arranged, with the side of the capillary conveying plate facing away from the hydrophilic membrane extending into the cavity. Liquid flows into the cavity from the inlet and flows out from the outlet. The liquid in the cavity is transported to the hydrophilic membrane by capillary action of the capillary conveying plate and photolyzed under the action of the nano-catalytic particle layer. This method can be carried out under normal pressure conditions and utilizes the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface of sunlight in the gas phase, the liquid film, and the nano-catalytic particles as the reaction layer, achieving efficient utilization of light and water resources, reducing the consumption of solar energy in the liquid phase, and solving problems such as difficulty in desorption of hydrogen-producing bubbles and kinetic obstacles in the liquid phase, thus significantly improving the efficiency of solar-powered photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a device and method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water. Background Art

[0002] The increasing energy consumption and worsening environmental problems have triggered a new round of global exploration and development of sustainable clean energy. At the same time, the development of new clean and efficient energy is the main way to achieve the dual carbon goal vision. Among them, hydrogen energy is the most promising secondary clean energy. The technical route of using photocatalytic technology to decompose water to produce hydrogen energy (HER) has the technical advantages of low energy input and low carbon output and cost advantages due to solar energy drive and the simplicity and easy scalability of the overall device.

[0003] There is a Chinese patent application document with publication number CN213011952U, which discloses a light-controlled hydrogen generator, including: a shell, a light source and a hydrogen production box arranged in the shell, the hydrogen production box includes a box body with a hollow interior and an air outlet on the top, and a light guide plate and borohydride nanosheets arranged in the box body, the light source emits light toward the light guide plate, the light emitted by the light guide plate is emitted toward the borohydride nanosheet, the borohydride nanosheet is photolyzed to generate hydrogen and is output through the air outlet of the box body.

[0004] The existing solar photocatalytic hydrogen production reactors are mainly based on liquid phase reactions. The kinetic obstacles of hydrogen desorption and the loss of solar incident light energy in the liquid phase are the essential problems in the current hydrogen production reaction. Moreover, in conventional tests and hydrogen production systems, vacuum conditions are often required, which is closely related to the reaction conditions and the properties of photocatalytic particles. The hydrogen production efficiency under normal pressure conditions will be inhibited. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water.

[0006] A solar photolysis water hydrogen production device provided by the present invention comprises a base plate and a cover plate, wherein the base plate and the cover plate cooperate to form a cavity for accommodating liquid, and a nano-catalytic particle layer, a hydrophilic membrane and a capillary transport hole plate are sequentially arranged on the side of the cover plate close to the base plate from the side close to the cover plate to the side away from the cover plate, and the side of the capillary transport hole plate away from the hydrophilic membrane extends into the cavity; a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the base plate, and the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively connected to the cavity, and the cover plate comprises a light-transmitting quartz glass, and light is injected from the light-transmitting quartz glass; liquid flows into the cavity from the water inlet and flows out from the water outlet, and the liquid in the cavity is transported to the hydrophilic membrane by the capillary action of the capillary transport hole plate, and is photolyzed under the action of the nano-catalytic particle layer.

[0007] Preferably, a groove with an open upper side is formed in the bottom plate, and a step surface is formed on the inner wall of the groove; the capillary transport hole plate is placed on the step surface, and a protrusion is provided in the middle of the capillary transport hole plate, and the protrusion is provided with micropores, and the protrusion extends into the cavity on the lower side of the step surface.

[0008] Preferably, the capillary transport plate is made of a hydrophilic material, the micropore diameter of the capillary transport plate is D2, and the micropore spacing is W2; wherein D2=0.01mm to 1mm, and W2=2D2 to 10D2.

[0009] Preferably, a silicone gasket is provided between the cover plate and the bottom plate, and the cover plate and the bottom plate are connected via a fastening sealing assembly; an air outlet is provided on the cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the nano-catalytic particle layer is loaded on the hydrophilic membrane by spraying, filtration or the like, and the catalytic particles include one or more of titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, and strontium titanate; the thickness of the hydrophilic membrane is 0.01 mm to 5 mm, the average pore size of the hydrophilic membrane is 0.01 micron to 10 microns, and the base material of the hydrophilic membrane includes porous fibers.

[0011] Preferably, the nano-catalytic particle layer and the hydrophilic membrane are replaced by a double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane, the hydrophilic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is close to the capillary conduction hole plate, the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is close to the cover plate, and the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is loaded with nano-catalytic particles.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the light-transmitting quartz glass is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and the light-transmitting quartz glass is mounted at the center of the cover plate by gluing.

[0013] According to a method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water provided by the present invention, the hydrogen production method comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, inputting liquid into the cavity from the water inlet;

[0015] Step S2, the liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer under the action of the capillary transport hole plate;

[0016] Step S3: The liquid undergoes photolysis of water in the nano-catalytic particle layer to generate hydrogen.

[0017] According to a method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water provided by the present invention, the hydrogen production method comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step S1, using a microfluidic pump to input the liquid in the water storage tank into the cavity;

[0019] Step S2, the liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer under the action of the capillary transport hole plate;

[0020] Step S3, the concentrator reflects and focuses the sunlight onto the nano-catalytic particle layer to perform photolysis of water to generate hydrogen;

[0021] Step S4: The generated hydrogen is transported and stored in a gas storage tank under the control of a pressure gauge and a valve.

[0022] Preferably, the flow rate of the microfluidic pump is 0 to 50 mL / min; the liquid includes pure water or a system with a sacrificial agent added to produce hydrogen; the concentrator material is aluminum that can reflect and concentrate ultraviolet light in sunlight.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention introduces capillary action by using a capillary transport hole plate arranged in a micropore array as an absorption layer, and uses a fully hydrophilic film to load a photocatalyst as a reaction carrier. The water vapor in the lower liquid phase is transported to the upper liquid film through the middle absorption layer to carry out a photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction, which is convenient for directly receiving incident light and releasing hydrogen in the gas phase.

[0025] 2. The present invention adopts a hydrophilic film as a carrier of the powder photocatalyst so that the loaded nano-catalytic particle layer is located near the gas-liquid interface layer. Through the capillary effect of the capillary transport hole plate and the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the hydrophilic film, the liquid phase water penetrates from the lower surface of the film to the upper surface under the driving force of capillary action and forms a liquid film. In the bottom-up infiltration process, water molecules are fully in contact with the loaded powder photocatalyst and a photocatalytic water decomposition reaction occurs.

[0026] 3. The present invention realizes placing the capillary transport orifice plate on the step surface by providing a groove in the bottom plate and a step surface on the inner side of the groove. The raised portion in the middle of the capillary transport orifice plate extends into the cavity on the lower side of the step surface. On the one hand, the capillary transport orifice plate is installed on the bottom plate, and on the other hand, it is ensured that the capillary transport orifice plate can contact with the liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the hydrogen production reactor mainly embodied in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the opening structure of the hydrogen production reactor mainly embodied in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the hydrogen production reactor mainly embodied in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of a hydrogen production reactor mainly embodied in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the hydrogen production method mainly embodied in the present invention.

[0033] As shown in the figure: 1. Microfluidic pump; 2. Water storage tank; 3. Hydrogen production reactor; 301. Water inlet; 302. Water outlet; 303. Gas outlet; 31. Translucent quartz glass; 32. Bolts; 33. Cover plate; 34. Silicone gasket; 35. Nano-catalytic particle layer; 36. Hydrophilic membrane; 37. Capillary transport hole plate; 38. Bottom plate; 39. Metal gasket; 310. Nut; 4. Concentrator; 5. Pressure gauge; 6. Valve; 7. Gas storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, a solar photolysis water hydrogen production device provided by the present invention includes a bottom plate 38 and a cover plate 33. The bottom plate 38 and the cover plate 33 cooperate to form a cavity for accommodating liquid. A nano-catalytic particle layer 35, a hydrophilic membrane 36 and a capillary transport hole plate 37 are sequentially arranged on the side of the cover plate 33 close to the bottom plate 38 from the side close to the cover plate 33 to the side away from the cover plate 33, and the capillary transport hole plate 37 extends into the cavity on the side away from the hydrophilic membrane 36. A water inlet 301 and a water outlet 302 are arranged on the bottom plate 38, and the water inlet 301 and the water outlet 302 are respectively connected to the cavity. The cover plate 33 includes a light-transmitting quartz glass 31, and light enters from the light-transmitting quartz glass 31, and an air outlet 303 is arranged on the cover plate 33.

[0037] The liquid flows into the cavity from the water inlet 301 and flows out from the water outlet 302 . The liquid in the cavity is transported to the hydrophilic membrane 36 through the capillary action of the capillary transport hole plate 37 , and is photolyzed under the action of the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 .

[0038] Specifically, the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38 are made of polymer materials such as PMMA, PVDF, PEEK, PCB, or metal materials such as aluminum or stainless steel. Preferably, the outer contours of the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38 are both rectangular, a silicone gasket 34 is provided between the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38, and the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38 are connected by a fastening sealing assembly to ensure the reliability and airtightness of the connection between the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38.

[0039] A group of fastening and sealing components are respectively provided at the four corners of the cover plate 33 and the bottom plate 38. Now, a group of fastening and sealing components is used as an example for explanation. The fastening and sealing components include a nut 310, a metal gasket 39 and a bolt 32. The bolt 32 penetrates from the side of the cover plate 33 and passes out from the side of the bottom plate 38. Both the metal gasket 39 and the nut 310 are arranged on the side of the bottom plate 38 away from the cover plate 33, and the metal gasket 39 is arranged between the nut 310 and the bottom plate 38. The nut 310 is threadedly connected with the bolt 32. Furthermore, the bolt 32 and the nut 310 of the present application can both adopt a countersunk design. The thickness of the light-transmitting quartz glass 31 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and the light-transmitting quartz glass 31 is installed at the center of the cover plate 33 by gluing.

[0040] A groove with an open top is formed in the bottom plate 38, and a step surface is formed on the inner wall of the groove. The capillary transport hole plate 37 is placed on the step surface, and the middle part of the capillary transport hole plate 37 has a protrusion, and the protrusion is provided with micropores, and the protrusion extends into the cavity below the step surface. The material of the capillary transport hole plate 37 is a hydrophilic material with a contact angle of less than 80 degrees. The micropore diameter of the capillary transport hole plate 37 is D2, and the micropore spacing is W2; wherein D2 = 0.01 mm to 1 mm, and W2 = 2D2 to 10D2.

[0041] The thickness of the hydrophilic membrane 36 is 0.01 mm to 5 mm, the average pore size of the hydrophilic membrane 36 is 0.01 micrometers to 10 micrometers, and the base material of the hydrophilic membrane 36 includes porous fibers. The nano-catalytic particle layer 35 can be loaded on the hydrophilic membrane 36 by spraying, filtration, etc., and the catalytic particles include one or more of titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, and strontium titanate.

[0042] It should be further explained that the cover plate 33, the capillary transport hole plate 37 and the bottom plate 38 can all be manufactured by mechanical processing, laser engraving, etc., and the basic material shape is a square plate. The center of the cover plate 33 is opened for installing the high-transmittance quartz glass 31.

[0043] Further explanation, the size design of each component in the technical solution of the present application can be in accordance with the following requirements: the thickness of the light-transmitting quartz glass 31 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and it is installed at the center of the cover plate 33 by gluing, and its length is L10, and L12 <L10<L11。

[0044] The cover plate 33 has a height of H1 and a length of L1.

[0045] The capillary conduction orifice plate 37 has a height of H2 and a length of L2. The height of its convex part is H21 and the length is L21. The diameter of the micropores on it is D2, and the micropore spacing is W2, where D2 = 0.01 mm to 1 mm, and W2 = 2D2 to 10D2.

[0046] The bottom plate 38 has a height of H3 and a length of L3. The height of its first-layer groove is H31 and the length is L31. The height of its second-layer groove is H32 and the length is L32. Among them, L2 < L1 = L3 and L32 < L2 < L31, H21 < H32 and H21 = 0.2H2 - 0.5H2, L21 < L32 and L32 = 0.9L31 to 0.99L31.

[0047] The diameter of the bolt 32 is D, D = 1 mm to 10 mm. The number N of its uses is positively correlated with the length L1 of the cover plate 33 to ensure the sealing effect, where N = a*L1 / 5*4, and a is negatively correlated with D.

[0048] The thickness of the hydrophilic film 36 is 0.01 mm to 5 mm, and the average pore diameter is 0.01 micrometers to 10 micrometers.

[0049] This application uses the hydrophilic film 36 as the carrier of the powder photocatalyst, so that the loaded nano-catalytic particle layer 35 is near the gas-liquid two-phase interface layer. By regulating the capillary effect of the capillary conduction orifice plate 37 and the surface hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the hydrophilic film 36, the liquid water penetrates from the lower surface of the film to the upper surface under the drive of capillary force and forms a liquid film. During the infiltration process from bottom to top, the water molecules come into full contact with the loaded powder photocatalyst and undergo a photocatalytic water decomposition reaction.

[0050] This application uses the capillary conduction orifice plate 37 with a microporous array arrangement as the absorption layer to introduce capillary action. At the same time, it uses a fully hydrophilic thin film loaded with a photocatalyst as the reaction carrier. The water vapor in the lower liquid phase is transported to the upper liquid film through the intermediate absorption layer for photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction, which is convenient for directly receiving incident light and releasing hydrogen into the gas phase.

[0051] As Figure 5 shown, the present invention also provides a method for solar photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen. Using the above solar photocatalytic water splitting device, the solar photocatalytic water splitting device is the hydrogen production reactor 3. The hydrogen production method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S1: Input the liquid into the cavity from the water inlet 301. Further, use the microfluidic pump 1 to input the liquid in the water storage tank 2 into the cavity.

[0053] Step S2: The liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 under the action of the capillary transport hole plate 37. Further, the liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 under the action of the capillary transport hole plate 37.

[0054] Step S3: The liquid undergoes a photocatalytic water splitting reaction in the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 to generate hydrogen. Further, the concentrator 4 reflects and focuses the sunlight onto the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 to undergo a photocatalytic water splitting reaction to generate hydrogen.

[0055] Step S4: The generated hydrogen is transported and stored in a gas storage tank 7 under the control of a pressure gauge 5 and a valve 6.

[0056] Specifically, the flow rate of the microfluidic pump 1 is 0 to 50 mL / min. The liquid includes pure water or a system with a sacrificial agent added to generate hydrogen. The concentrator 4 is made of aluminum that can reflect and concentrate ultraviolet light in sunlight.

[0057] The water inlet 301 and the water outlet 302 of the bottom plate 38 are respectively connected to the water tank 2 to form a loop, and the micro-flow pump 1 inputs the liquid in the water tank 2 into the cavity from the water inlet 301 of the bottom plate 38. The gas outlet 303 on the cover plate 33 is connected to the gas tank 7 through a pipeline, and a pressure gauge 5 and a valve 6 are arranged on the pipeline. The concentrator 4 is arranged above the cover plate 33 to reflect and concentrate the light to the transparent quartz glass 31.

[0058] The present application provides a feasible process condition: the flow rate of the microfluidic pump 1 is 2 mL / min, and the water temperature is controlled at 60° C. under light conditions. The nanocatalytic particles are made of aluminum-doped strontium titanate material with an average particle size of 100 nm, and the hydrophilic membrane 36 is made of PTFE material with an average pore size of 1 micron and a thickness of 0.5 mm. The thickness of the light-transmitting quartz glass 31 is 1 mm, the height of the cover plate 33 is H1=2 mm, and the length is L1=50 mm. The height of the capillary conduction hole plate 37 is H2=5 mm, and the length is L2=35 mm. The height of the protrusion is H21=3 mm, and the length is L21=30 mm. The diameter of the micropores thereon is D2=0.5 mm, and the micropore spacing is W2=2 mm. The height of the bottom plate 38 is H3=10 mm, and the length is L3=50 mm. The height of the first layer of grooves is H31=3 mm, and the length is L31=36 mm. The height of the second layer of grooves is H32=4 mm, and L32=33 mm. Four bolts 32 with a diameter of 3 mm are used in combination with nuts 310, gaskets, etc. for sealing.

[0059] In the technical solution of the present application, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface of sunlight, liquid film, and nano-catalytic particles in the gas phase is used as the reaction layer. The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system of the new bionic transport organization developed in the present application based on the capillary effect has kinetic advantages such as rapid detachment of hydrogen-producing bubbles and weak water pressure suppression, and can be carried out under normal pressure conditions. Moreover, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase interface of sunlight, liquid film, and nano-catalytic particles in the gas phase is used as the reaction layer, which can realize the effective utilization of light and water resources, greatly reduce the consumption of sunlight energy in the liquid phase, solve the problems of difficulty in desorption of hydrogen-producing bubbles in the liquid phase and kinetic obstacles, and greatly improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by solar photocatalytic decomposition of water.

[0060] Change Example 1

[0061] Based on Example 1, according to a solar photolysis water hydrogen production device provided by the present invention, the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 and the hydrophilic membrane 36 in Example 1 are replaced by a double-sided hydrophilic and hydrophobic membrane, the hydrophilic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic and hydrophobic membrane is close to the capillary transport hole plate 37, the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic and hydrophobic membrane is close to the cover plate 33, and the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic and hydrophobic membrane is loaded with nano-catalytic particles.

[0062] A thin film floating photocatalytic hydrogen production system is formed, in which the hydrophilic surface of the membrane contacts the water surface and floats at the gas-liquid interface, and the hydrophobic surface of the membrane is loaded with nano-catalytic particles, forming a thin film floating photocatalytic hydrogen production system based on capillary action, so that liquid water vapor penetrates from the lower surface of the film to the upper surface driven by capillary force and forms a liquid film, and water molecules are fully in contact with the loaded powdered photocatalyst and a photocatalytic water decomposition reaction occurs.

[0063] Experimental results: According to quantitative gas chromatography detection, the hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Example 3 were 183 μmol / h and 92 μmol / h, respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Comparative Example 1 were 101 μmol / h and 51 μmol / h, respectively. Under activity comparison, the solar photocatalytic water splitting activity of Example 3 was improved by 1.8 times compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0064] Variation 2

[0065] Based on the first embodiment, according to a solar photolysis water hydrogen production device provided by the present invention, the concentrator 4 in the method is omitted, and the reactor is directly placed under sunlight to carry out hydrogen production reaction.

[0066] Experimental results: According to quantitative gas chromatography detection, the hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Example 2 were 325 μmol / h and 163 μmol / h, respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Comparative Example 1 were 101 μmol / h and 51 μmol / h, respectively. Under activity comparison, the solar photocatalytic water splitting activity of Example 2 was improved by 3.2 times compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Different from the method and device of the present invention, a conventional plate-type hydrogen production reactor 3 is used in the comparative example, which is specifically described as follows:

[0069] The method in the comparative example includes:

[0070] According to the current mainstream plate reactor, a hydrophilic film loaded with a nano-catalytic particle layer 35 is prepared and placed at the bottom of the reactor. The water in the water storage tank 2 is controlled to be input into the hydrogen production reactor 3 at a low flow rate using a micro-flow pump 1, and the water input into the hydrogen production reactor 3 will immerse the hydrophilic film. The sunlight directly hits the nano-catalytic particle layer 35 without passing through the concentrator 4 to perform a photocatalytic water decomposition reaction to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is transported under the control of the pressure gauge 5 and the valve 6 and stored in the gas storage tank 7 in a drainage method.

[0071] The device in the comparative example comprises:

[0072] The nano photocatalytic material is loaded on the surface of the hydrophilic membrane 36 by spraying technology, and the hydrophilic membrane 36 loaded with the nano photocatalytic material is placed in the hydrogen production reactor 3 described in the present invention. Different from the first embodiment, the hydrogen production reactor 3 in the first comparative example does not have a perforated plate structure with a capillary effect.

[0073] Process conditions:

[0074] The flow rate of the microfluidic pump 1 is 10mL / min, and the water temperature is controlled at 60°C under illumination conditions. The nanocatalytic particles are made of aluminum-doped strontium titanate material with an average particle size of 100nm, and the hydrophilic membrane 36 is made of PTFE material with an average pore size of 1 micron and a thickness of 0.5mm. The thickness of the transparent quartz glass 31 is 1mm, the height of the cover plate 33 is H1=2mm, the length is L1=50mm, the height of the bottom plate 38 is H3=10mm, the length is L3=50mm, the height of the first layer of grooves is H31=3mm, the length is L31=36mm, the height of the second layer of grooves is H32=4mm, L32=33mm, and four bolts 32 with a diameter of 3mm are used with nuts 310, gaskets, etc. for sealing.

[0075] Experimental results: According to quantitative gas chromatography detection, the hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Example 1 were 540 μmol / h and 270 μmol / h, respectively. The hydrogen and oxygen production activities of the photocatalytic water splitting in Comparative Example 1 were 101 μmol / h and 51 μmol / h, respectively. Under activity comparison, the solar photocatalytic water splitting activity of Example 1 was improved by 5.4 times compared with Comparative Example 1.

[0076] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0077] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A device for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom plate (38) and a cover plate (33), wherein the bottom plate (38) and the cover plate (33) cooperate to form a cavity for containing liquid, and a nano-catalytic particle layer (35), a hydrophilic membrane (36) and a capillary transport hole plate (37) are sequentially arranged on a side of the cover plate (33) close to the bottom plate (38) from a side close to the cover plate (33) to a side away from the cover plate (33), and a side of the capillary transport hole plate (37) away from the hydrophilic membrane (36) extends into the cavity; The bottom plate (38) is provided with a water inlet (301) and a water outlet (302), and the water inlet (301) and the water outlet (302) are respectively connected to the cavity, and the cover plate (33) includes a light-transmitting quartz glass (31), and light is injected from the light-transmitting quartz glass (31); Liquid flows into the cavity from the water inlet (301) and flows out from the water outlet (302). The liquid in the cavity is transported to the hydrophilic membrane (36) through the capillary action of the capillary transport hole plate (37) and is photolyzed under the action of the nano-catalytic particle layer (35).

2. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove with an open upper side is formed in the bottom plate (38), and a stepped surface is formed on the inner wall of the peripheral side of the groove; The capillary transport hole plate (37) is placed on the step surface, and the middle part of the capillary transport hole plate (37) has a protrusion, and the protrusion is provided with microholes, and the protrusion extends into the cavity on the lower side of the step surface.

3. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The capillary transport hole plate (37) is made of a hydrophilic material, the micropore diameter of the capillary transport hole plate (37) is D2, and the micropore spacing is W2; Among them, D2=0.01mm to 1mm, W2=2D2 to 10D2.

4. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A silicone gasket (34) is provided between the cover plate (33) and the bottom plate (38), and the cover plate (33) and the bottom plate (38) are connected via a fastening sealing assembly; The cover plate (33) is provided with an air outlet (303).

5. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-catalytic particle layer (35) is loaded on the hydrophilic membrane (36) by spraying or filtering, and the catalytic particles include one or more of titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, and strontium titanate; The thickness of the hydrophilic membrane (36) is 0.01 mm to 5 mm, the average pore size of the hydrophilic membrane (36) is 0.01 micrometer to 10 micrometers, and the base material of the hydrophilic membrane (36) includes porous fibers.

6. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nano-catalytic particle layer (35) and the hydrophilic membrane (36) are replaced with a double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane, wherein the hydrophilic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is close to the capillary conduction hole plate (37), the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is close to the cover plate (33), and the hydrophobic surface of the double-sided hydrophilic-hydrophobic membrane is loaded with nano-catalytic particles.

7. The solar photolysis water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the light-transmitting quartz glass (31) is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and the light-transmitting quartz glass (31) is mounted at the center of the cover plate (33) by gluing.

8. A method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water, characterized in that: The device for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 is used, and the method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps: Step S1, inputting liquid into the cavity from the water inlet (301); Step S2, the liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer (35) under the action of the capillary transport hole plate (37); Step S3: The liquid undergoes photolysis of water in the nano-catalytic particle layer (35) to generate hydrogen.

9. A method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water, characterized in that: The device for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 is used, and the method for producing hydrogen comprises the following steps: Step S1, using a microfluidic pump (1) to input the liquid in the water storage tank (2) into the cavity; Step S2, the liquid in the cavity is transported to the nano-catalytic particle layer (35) under the action of the capillary transport hole plate (37); Step S3, the concentrator (4) reflects and focuses the sunlight onto the nano-catalytic particle layer (35) to perform photolysis of water to generate hydrogen; Step S4: The generated hydrogen is transported and stored in a gas storage tank (7) under the control of a pressure gauge (5) and a valve (6).

10. The method for producing hydrogen by solar photolysis of water as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The flow rate of the microfluidic pump (1) is 2 ml / min to 50 ml / min; The liquid includes pure water or a system in which a sacrificial agent is added to produce hydrogen; The concentrator (4) is made of aluminum material that has the function of reflecting and concentrating ultraviolet rays in sunlight.

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