Membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system and method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system and method thereof, comprising a semi-permeable covering membrane that encloses a space; a covering membrane sealing pressure pipe for sealing the semi-permeable covering membrane; an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, and an aeration pipeline disposed within the enclosed space; a fan disposed outside the enclosed space and connected to the aeration pipeline; and a control cabinet for controlling the fan. This system can maintain high temperatures and suitable moisture conditions while preventing the emission of odors and pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent fermentation technology, and in particular to a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Thermoaerobic fermentation is a process that uses microorganisms to aerobically decompose organic matter under high temperature conditions. It can effectively treat solid waste such as agricultural waste and produce reusable organic fertilizer.

[0003] High-temperature aerobic fermentation systems typically use membrane covering to maintain high temperatures and suitable moisture conditions while preventing the release of odors and pollutants. However, the operation of membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation systems requires reasonable control of ventilation volume to ensure aerobic respiration of microorganisms and temperature stability. Existing methods typically rely on periodic sampling and manual adjustment of ventilation volume. This approach has the following problems: 1) Tracking of oxygen consumption rates may not be accurate enough, resulting in inaccurate ventilation volume adjustment; 2) Manual adjustment of ventilation volume requires human intervention, which is time-consuming and prone to errors.

[0004] Therefore, an optimized solution is expected. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system and method thereof, comprising a semi-permeable covering membrane that encloses a space; a covering membrane sealing pressure pipe for sealing the semi-permeable covering membrane; an oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor, and an aeration pipe disposed within the enclosed space; a fan disposed outside the enclosed space and connected to the aeration pipe; and a control cabinet for controlling the fan. This system maintains high temperatures and suitable moisture conditions while preventing the emission of odors and pollutants.

[0006] The present invention also provides a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system, which includes:

[0007] a semi-permeable covering membrane forming an enclosed space;

[0008] a cover membrane sealing pressure tube for sealing the semi-permeable cover membrane;

[0009] An oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor and an aeration pipe are arranged in the covering space;

[0010] a fan disposed outside the enclosure and connected to the aeration pipe; and

[0011] Control cabinet for controlling fans.

[0012] The present invention also provides a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method, which comprises:

[0013] Obtaining oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period;

[0014] Performing time series analysis on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain an oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; and

[0015] Based on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, a recommended air outlet rate value is determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the control cabinet in a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the principle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a specific invention process in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of membrane function in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7A and Figure 7B Schematic diagram of a ventilation system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the control cabinet screen in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 Graph showing the fermentation curve of the system in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10A 、 10B 10C and 10C are external views of the stack in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11The present invention provides a flow chart of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method.

[0028] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a diagram of an application scenario of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be an electrical connection, or it can be a connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first, second, and third" used in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It is understood that the terms "first, second, and third" may interchangeably represent a specific order or precedence, where permitted. It should be understood that the terms "first, second, and third" may interchangeably represent objects, where appropriate, such that the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0034] Thermoaerobic fermentation is a process that uses microorganisms to aerobically decompose organic matter under high temperature conditions. It is widely used to treat agricultural waste, solid waste, and organic waste, while also producing reusable organic fertilizer. In thermoaerobic fermentation, microorganisms (such as bacteria and fungi) decompose organic matter at high temperatures (usually between 50°C and 70°C) under aerobic conditions. This process requires an appropriate supply of water and oxygen. By metabolizing organic matter, the microorganisms produce heat and water, while releasing carbon dioxide and water vapor.

[0035] The high-temperature aerobic fermentation process helps decompose and degrade waste, reducing the amount of organic matter while eliminating odors and pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the fermentation process produces organic fertilizer, which contains essential plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and can be used for soil improvement and plant growth.

[0036] To achieve thermophilic aerobic fermentation, a membrane covering is often used to maintain high temperatures and suitable moisture conditions while preventing the release of odors and pollutants. The membrane covering can be a plastic film or other material that covers the surface of the fermentation system, creating a sealed environment. This membrane covering system helps maintain stable temperature, control water evaporation, and minimize oxygen loss.

[0037] The operation of a thermophilic aerobic fermentation system requires proper ventilation control to ensure aerobic respiration of the microorganisms and temperature stability. To address this ventilation adjustment issue, an optimization solution can be implemented that monitors oxygen consumption rates in real time and automatically adjusts ventilation to improve system efficiency and stability.

[0038] The operation of a membrane-covered thermophilic aerobic fermentation system does require proper ventilation control to ensure aerobic respiration of the microorganisms and temperature stability. Ventilation in thermophilic aerobic fermentation systems serves two main purposes: first, it provides the oxygen required by the microorganisms to maintain aerobic respiration; second, it controls the system temperature to prevent overheating or overcooling from adversely affecting microbial growth and activity.

[0039] Ventilation rate is adjusted based on the needs of the microorganisms in the system and environmental conditions. Generally, higher ventilation rates provide more oxygen, promoting aerobic respiration of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter. However, excessive ventilation rates can cause temperatures to drop, affecting microbial activity. Therefore, ventilation rates need to be adjusted within an appropriate range to balance oxygen supply and temperature control.

[0040] In order to properly control the ventilation volume, use one of the following methods:

[0041] Manual adjustment: The operator controls the ventilation volume by adjusting the speed of ventilation equipment (such as fans) or the opening of air outlets based on experience and observation. This method requires manual intervention and periodic adjustment of ventilation volume.

[0042] Automatic adjustment based on monitoring data: By installing sensors or instruments to monitor key parameters in the system in real time, such as oxygen concentration, temperature and humidity, feedback control algorithms can be used to automatically adjust the operating parameters of the ventilation equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve automatic adjustment of the ventilation volume.

[0043] Optimization Solution: To address the ventilation adjustment issue in membrane-covered thermophilic aerobic fermentation systems, an optimization solution can be implemented that monitors oxygen consumption rates in real time and automatically adjusts ventilation rates. This real-time monitoring of oxygen consumption rates provides insights into microbial aerobic respiration and automatically adjusts ventilation rates based on these results to accommodate varying fermentation conditions and waste characteristics. This solution can improve system efficiency and stability, reduce the need for manual intervention, and mitigate the risk of errors.

[0044] By properly controlling ventilation, a membrane-covered thermophilic aerobic fermentation system can achieve aerobic respiration of microorganisms and stable temperature, effectively treating waste and producing organic fertilizer. This system has broad application prospects in fields such as agricultural waste treatment and organic waste management.

[0045] Therefore, in the present invention, an optimized solution is provided.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a semi-permeable covering membrane 1 forming a covering space; a covering membrane sealing pressure tube 2 for sealing the semi-permeable covering membrane 1; an oxygen content sensor 3, a temperature sensor 4 and an aeration pipe 5 arranged in the covering space; a fan 6 arranged outside the covering space and connected to the aeration pipe 5; and a control cabinet 7 for controlling the fan.

[0047] The semi-permeable membrane 1 is used to form a covering membrane enclosing the space. It is usually made of a semi-permeable membrane material, which allows gas diffusion and regulates water evaporation. The function of the semi-permeable membrane is to maintain high temperature and suitable moisture conditions inside the system and prevent the emission of odors and pollutants.

[0048] The covering membrane sealing pressure tube 2 is used to seal the semi-permeable covering membrane to ensure the airtightness of the system. It is located at the edge of the semi-permeable covering membrane and fixes the covering membrane tightly to the system through appropriate pressure to prevent leakage of gas and liquid.

[0049] The oxygen sensor 3 is used to monitor the oxygen content in the enclosed space. It can measure the oxygen concentration in real time and transmit this data to the control system. By monitoring the oxygen content, the aerobic respiration of microorganisms can be understood and the ventilation volume can be adjusted as needed.

[0050] Temperature sensors 4 monitor the temperature within the enclosure. They are typically installed at key locations within the system, measuring the temperature in real time and transmitting this data to the control system. This ensures the system remains within an appropriate temperature range to promote normal microbial growth and activity.

[0051] The aeration pipe 5 is set in the enclosure to provide oxygen to the system. It is connected to the external fan to introduce fresh air into the system and exchange oxygen with the microorganisms. The design and layout of the aeration pipe can affect the ventilation effect and oxygen distribution.

[0052] The fan 6 is located outside the enclosure and is connected to the aeration duct. Its function is to introduce fresh air into the system by generating airflow, providing oxygen supply and promoting gas circulation and mixing. The operation of the fan can adjust the ventilation volume to meet the needs of the microorganisms.

[0053] The control cabinet 7 is used to control the operation of the fan, including a control system, a sensor interface, and a regulating device. By monitoring the data from the sensors, the control cabinet can automatically adjust the speed or switch state of the fan to achieve control and regulation of the ventilation volume.

[0054] In this way, the normal operation of the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system can be ensured, the appropriate oxygen supply and temperature stability can be maintained, and the aerobic respiration of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter can be promoted.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the control cabinet in a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the control cabinet 7 includes: an oxygen consumption rate value acquisition module 110, which is used to obtain the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period; a timing analysis module 120, which is used to perform timing analysis on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain an oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector; and an air outlet rate value determination module 130, which is used to determine a recommended air outlet rate value based on the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector.

[0056] In the oxygen consumption rate value acquisition module 110, the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period are obtained. Furthermore, the oxygen content sensor can monitor the oxygen content, and then the oxygen consumption rate value can be obtained by taking a derivative. In actual operation, a suitable time point is selected to measure the oxygen consumption rate, and the corresponding numerical value is recorded. The selected time point should represent the different stages and conditions of the system operation to obtain comprehensive oxygen consumption rate data. Measurements can be considered under conditions such as different temperatures, ventilation volumes, and waste loads. Ensure the accuracy of the oxygen consumption rate measurement, use suitable sensors and measuring equipment, and follow the correct operating methods, so that reliable oxygen consumption rate values ​​can be obtained for subsequent analysis and control. The main effect of the oxygen consumption rate value acquisition module is to provide real-time oxygen consumption rate data, which provides a basis for subsequent timing analysis and control decisions.

[0057] In the timing analysis module 120, the oxygen consumption rates at multiple predetermined time points are subjected to timing analysis to obtain a timing context feature vector of the oxygen consumption rate. Suitable timing analysis methods are selected, such as sliding window analysis, Fourier transform or wavelet analysis, to extract useful timing features from the oxygen consumption rate data. These features may include mean value, variance, trend, periodicity, etc., which are used to describe the changing pattern of the oxygen consumption rate. The extracted timing features are combined into a feature vector to represent the timing context of the oxygen consumption rate. The selection and construction of the feature vector should take into account the characteristics of the system and the control requirements. The main effect of the timing analysis module is to provide a timing context feature vector of the oxygen consumption rate, which can be used for subsequent determination of the air outlet rate and formulation of the control strategy.

[0058] In the air outlet rate value determination module 130, the recommended air outlet rate value is determined based on the time series context feature vector of the oxygen consumption rate. According to the time series characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate and the system requirements, a suitable air outlet rate control strategy is formulated, which involves dynamic adjustment according to the changing trend of the oxygen consumption rate to achieve optimal oxygen supply and temperature control. Consider using a feedback control algorithm to automatically adjust the operating parameters of the fan according to the real-time oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector and target setting to achieve the recommended air outlet rate value. The main effect of the air outlet rate value determination module is to provide a recommended air outlet rate value to achieve reasonable ventilation volume control and ensure the operating efficiency and stability of the system.

[0059] In response to the above technical problems, the technical concept of the present invention is to monitor the oxygen consumption rate in real time and automatically analyze the recommended air outlet rate value to automatically adjust the ventilation volume to adapt to different fermentation conditions and waste characteristics.

[0060] Based on this, in the technical solution of the present invention, first, the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period are obtained.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the timing analysis module 120 includes: a preprocessing unit for performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors; and a timing feature extraction unit for extracting oxygen consumption rate timing features from the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector.

[0062] Next, data preprocessing is performed on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors. That is, the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points are data structured and optimized.

[0063] In a specific example of the present invention, the encoding process of performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors includes: first arranging the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at the multiple predetermined time points according to the time dimension into an oxygen consumption rate time series input vector; then, vector segmenting the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors; and then passing the sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors through an upsampling module to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors. Specifically, vector segmentation of the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector can split the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector into multiple oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors, thereby highlighting the local time series feature information of each vector to a certain extent.

[0064] Here, considering that the actual oxygen consumption rate data collected may have a low sampling frequency, the time interval between data points is large, and the originally scarce data points are made even scarcer through vector segmentation, this may cause the model to lose some important time series information during learning. By upsampling the data, data points can be added in the time dimension, allowing the model to better capture the time correlation and dynamic changes in the fermentation process. Specifically, upsampling can be achieved through interpolation methods, such as linear interpolation or spline interpolation, to fill in the values ​​between the original data points to obtain denser time series data.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the timing feature extraction unit is used to: pass the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a timing feature extractor based on a one-dimensional convolutional layer to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors; and pass the sequence of oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a converter-based context encoder to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector.

[0066] Then, the oxygen consumption rate timing features are extracted from the sequence of the upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector. In a specific example of the present invention, the encoding process of extracting the oxygen consumption rate timing features from the sequence of the upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector includes: first passing the sequence of the upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a timing feature extractor based on a one-dimensional convolutional layer to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors; and then passing the sequence of the oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a converter-based context encoder to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet rate value determination module 130 includes: an optimization unit for performing feature distribution optimization on the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector to obtain an optimized oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector; and a decoding unit for decoding and regressing the optimized oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector through a decoder to obtain a decoded value, and the decoded value is used to represent the recommended air outlet rate value.

[0068] In the technical solution of the present invention, each local temporal feature vector of oxygen consumption rate in the sequence of local temporal feature vectors of oxygen consumption rate expresses the local temporal correlation characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate value in the local time domain. Therefore, when the sequence of local temporal feature vectors of oxygen consumption rate passes through a converter-based context encoder, the inter-temporal context correlation of the temporal correlation characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate values ​​between the local time domains in the global time domain can be extracted. Therefore, if the temporal correlation characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate values ​​in the local time domain are used as foreground object features, when performing inter-temporal context correlation, while extracting the temporal correlation characteristics based on the local time domain scale in the global time domain, background distribution noise related to the feature distribution interference of the temporal correlation characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate values ​​in the local time domain will also be introduced. In addition, the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector also has a hierarchical temporal spatial feature expression in the local time domain and the global time domain. Therefore, it is expected to enhance its expression effect based on the distribution characteristics of the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector.

[0069] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention performed a distribution gain on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector based on the probability density feature imitation paradigm, specifically expressed as follows: the feature distribution of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector was optimized using the following optimization formula to obtain an optimized oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; wherein, the optimization formula is:

[0070]

[0071] Wherein, V is the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, L is the length of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, v i is the eigenvalue of the ith position of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector V, represents the square of the bi-norm of the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector V, and α is a weighted hyperparameter, v' i is the eigenvalue of the ith position of the optimized oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, and exp(·) represents the calculation of the natural exponential function value with the numerical value as the power.

[0072] Here, based on the feature imitation paradigm of the natural Gaussian distribution on the probability density of the standard Cauchy distribution, the distribution gain based on the probability density feature imitation paradigm can use the feature scale as an imitation mask to distinguish the foreground object features and the background distribution noise in the high-dimensional feature space, thereby performing a distribution soft matching of the semantic cognition of the feature space mapping of the high-dimensional space based on the hierarchical semantics of the high-dimensional features to obtain the unconstrained distribution gain of the high-dimensional feature distribution, thereby improving the expression effect of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector based on the feature distribution characteristics, and thus improving the accuracy of the decoded value obtained by the decoder of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector.

[0073] Furthermore, the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector is decoded and regressed through a decoder to obtain a decoded value, and the decoded value is used to represent the recommended air outlet rate value.

[0074] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, an e-PTFE membrane-covered aerobic composting technology is provided, using a specially formulated functional membrane as a cover for aerobic fermentation of organic waste. The core of this invention is a functional membrane with specialized micropores. Its semi-permeability enables a relatively constant climate. Airflow creates a slightly high-pressure cavity within the fermenter, ensuring uniform and sufficient oxygen supply and temperature distribution, creating a suitable environment for aerobic fermentation. Water vapor and carbon dioxide can diffuse out through the membrane's microporous structure, maintaining airflow balance inside and outside the membrane, ensuring more thorough aerobic fermentation and effectively killing pathogenic microorganisms, thereby ensuring the sanitation of the fermented product.

[0075] like Figure 4 As shown, the film covering invention features include:

[0076] (1) The odor has a small impact. A number of measures are adopted to control the odor source, emission path, treatment facilities and other links to effectively reduce the impact of odor. Functional membrane is a functional membrane with special micropores. Its semi-permeable function can achieve a relatively constant climate environment, allowing water vapor and carbon dioxide to diffuse out of the fermentation body and blocking the passage of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia.

[0077] (2) Organic matter is effectively degraded

[0078] Because the functional membrane covers a fermentation environment with high humidity (maximum relative humidity of 100%), high temperature (maximum temperature of 95°C) and uniform and sufficient oxygen supply, the aerobic microorganisms in the pile can multiply in large numbers and carry out sufficient decomposition activities in a suitable environment, thereby more fully degrading the organic matter in the pig manure.

[0079] (3) High efficiency and low energy consumption operation of the system

[0080] Traditional aerobic fermentation methods primarily consume energy for ventilation and oxygen supply during the fermentation process, which is related to the resistance of the pile layer, oxygen utilization, and the choice of fan. Because the organic waste particles shredded in this invention are small and have a large specific surface area, oxygen utilization efficiency is high, and ultra-low pressure is formed within the membrane, resulting in a uniform reduction in pile layer resistance and even air distribution.

[0081] Selection of fan air volume: According to the Technical Regulations for Aerobic Static Fermentation Treatment of Municipal Domestic Waste, the air volume should be 0.05-0.2m3 / m3.min.

[0082] Selection of fan pressure: According to the "Technical Regulations for Aerobic Static Fermentation Treatment of Municipal Domestic Waste", during natural ventilation, the pile height should be between 1.2 and 1.5 meters, and necessary reinforcement measures should be adopted; during mechanical ventilation, the oxygen consumption rate should be tracked and tested, and the ventilation volume should be adjusted in a timely manner. The standard air volume should be 0.05 to 0.20 m3 / min per cubic meter of garbage; the wind pressure can be selected by increasing it by 1000 to 1500 Pa for every 1 meter increase in the pile. The ventilation frequency and time should ensure that fermentation is carried out under the most suitable conditions. The fermentation bin of the present invention has a pile height of 1.8 meters, which is about 1 meter higher than the standard height of 1.2-1.5 meters for natural ventilation. Therefore, the wind pressure increases by 1000 to 1500 Pa. A fan pressure of 1500 Pa can meet the fermentation requirements.

[0083] Therefore, the goal of sufficient oxygen supply can be achieved by using a low-pressure fan, thereby greatly reducing the operating energy consumption of the system.

[0084] Membrane-covered composting is an improvement on reactor and trough composting. It successfully integrates composting equipment, composting technology, and composting experience, combining the advantages of both static and dynamic composting. It essentially eliminates the poor environmental performance and difficult composting control issues of traditional windrows and trough composting, while offering the ease of control of bin composting while retaining the advantages of traditional windrow layout. Compared to dynamic composting, membrane-covered composting consumes less energy, and composting odors are contained within each windrow or fermentation tank, minimizing impact on the plant floor. Secondary pollution is easier to control, and both investment and operating costs are lower.

[0085] Specifically, the working process provided by the present invention is: the functional membrane covering composting technology is between open composting and closed composting, combining the advantages of the two composting methods. Its simplicity and flexibility are similar to open composting, but the membrane cover provides the same control conditions for decomposition as closed equipment. The core of the whole concept is the polymer permeable membrane covering layer, and the small holes on the layer do not allow large molecules (such as odorous substances or bioaerosols) to pass through. Water vapor and carbon dioxide can pass through this covering film. Odorous substances (such as ammonia, etc.) dissolve in the water vapor on the inner surface of the membrane and condense and fall into the pile before being decomposed by organic matter again. A series of technical details of this composting system help to effectively reduce odor emissions and the loss of ammonia, help to increase the ammonia content of organic fertilizer, and improve the quality of organic fertilizer.

[0086] This system can use a forklift or a special spreading machine to pile mixed cattle and sheep manure into piles up to 2 meters high, 8 meters wide, and 30 meters long, with four oxygen ventilation ducts laid. A special permeable film is covered and fixed on the surface of the pile, and multi-point temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature and oxygen changes in the pile in real time and adjust the air supply of the fan accordingly. At the same time, the film covering provides a relatively closed space. The coordination and adjustment of the membrane, sensors, control system and fan have a good regulating effect on the temperature and humidity of the pile. The core temperature of the pile exceeds 70°C. Good temperature and humidity control provides a suitable environment for the growth of microorganisms, allowing the decomposition and ripening of organic matter to proceed fully. Depending on different climatic conditions and natural environments, a composting cycle of 4-6 weeks is adopted according to different regions. During this period, the pile can be turned once according to the fermentation status of the pile.

[0087] like Figure 5 As shown in the invention process, cattle and sheep manure is mixed with collected and crushed crop straw or garden waste (fermented organic fertilizer can be reused as auxiliary material in the later stage) through a raw material premixer, and then piled into a pile about 2 meters high by a forklift. The composting tank is ventilated and oxygenated through 4 ventilation pipes, and the surface of the pile is covered with a special The membrane is then fixed, and temperature sensors are used to monitor temperature changes in the pile in real time. Under conditions of adequate oxygen and suitable moisture, fermentation is completed in four weeks, followed by aging in two weeks. After fermentation and aging, the material is screened, with the undersize material sent to the finished product workshop and the oversize material returned to the mixing workshop.

[0088] After four weeks of biodegradation, conversion, and stabilization, the manure becomes crude organic fertilizer. The small amount of leachate produced during the fermentation process is collected through ventilation ducts and poured into the leachate well. This small amount requires no special treatment and can be naturally dried.

[0089] The functional membrane used in the present invention is a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, such as Figure 6 As shown, it is used to cover the pile for composting, and its functions are as follows:

[0090] 1. The functional membrane covering system is superior to ordinary composting systems built with steel structures or concrete;

[0091] 2. Air humidity control management: The functional membrane covering system can prevent the pile from getting wet while ensuring that the water that needs to be retained will not be lost, so that the decomposition of the material can proceed smoothly, which is especially important in arid areas;

[0092] 3. Not affected by any climate: The moisturizing effect and pressure of the functional membrane covering system can ensure uniform temperature distribution and is not affected by any external climate and temperature;

[0093] 4. Anti-ultraviolet surface, polytetrafluoroethylene film covering;

[0094] 5. Prevent the leakage of odor, dust, and bacteria: The unique molecular filtration microporous structure of the functional membrane means that it is almost impossible for bacteria and odor to pass through. Pathogen tests have shown that it can be reduced by about 99%, which will ensure the health and safety of residents in the surrounding areas of the project and project operation and maintenance workers;

[0095] 6. Long service life, 5-8 years.

[0096] like Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the ventilation system includes fans and air ducts to ensure oxygen inside the pile. Each pile is equipped with four ventilation ducts, which also have the function of receiving leachate.

[0097] Control system such as Figure 8 As shown, the entire system is controlled. The S-Stront intelligent control system automatically collects data and controls the operation of the entire system, including the control cabinet, temperature control system, temperature sensors, etc., based on pre-set data and indicator requirements.

[0098] Furthermore, the fermentation curve of the system is as follows Figure 9 shown.

[0099] Furthermore, the no-retaining-wall mode and the retaining-wall mode are as follows Figures 10A to 10C shown.

[0100] In one embodiment of the present invention, the characteristic of cattle and sheep manure is a high moisture content (about 80%). In order to adjust the moisture and carbon-nitrogen ratio of wet cattle and sheep manure, and to make the biological fermentation material have a certain looseness and ensure that the aeration can enter the interior of the biological fermentation material, some filling materials must be added, such as crop straw, rice husks, peanut shells, sawdust, garden waste, etc.

[0101] First, adjust the moisture content of the biological fermentation material:

[0102] The moisture content of fermentation raw materials significantly impacts fermentation. Water dissolves organic matter and participates in microbial metabolism, essential for microbial growth. Secondly, it regulates the fermentation temperature. When temperatures are too high, water evaporates, removing some of the heat. During the fermentation process, a moisture content of 55-60% by mass is optimal for microbial decomposition. A moisture content exceeding 70% hinders temperature rise and significantly slows decomposition. This is because excessive moisture fills the voids within the raw material, reducing the amount of air. This leads to insufficient oxygen supply to the organic matter, creating an anaerobic state and inhibiting the degradation activity of thermophilic bacteria, ultimately impacting fermentation performance. A moisture content below 40% fails to meet microbial growth requirements, hindering microbial reproduction and hindering organic matter decomposition, slowing decomposition and even halting the decomposition reaction. Therefore, adding a conditioner, which already has a low dry moisture content, is necessary to reduce the moisture content of pig manure.

[0103] Secondly, adjust the looseness of the biological fermentation material:

[0104] The key to aerobic manure biofermentation is providing sufficient oxygen to the fermentation material. Therefore, the material porosity is a crucial parameter during aeration. Sufficient porosity ensures that oxygen diffuses smoothly and evenly throughout the fermentation material during aeration, achieving effective oxygen transfer and thus enabling the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms and biochemical reactions. Conditioning materials should be loose, porous, and breathable. Materials such as crop straw, peanut shells, crushed garden waste, and rice husks are all good examples of these materials.

[0105] Third, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the biological fermentation material:

[0106] The ideal carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of composting materials is 25-30:1. If the C / N ratio is too high, the bio-fermentation product will easily have a high C / N ratio, resulting in "nitrogen starvation." When applied to the soil, it will deprive the soil of nitrogen, affecting crop growth. If the C / N ratio is too low, the bio-fermentation process will produce a large amount of ammonia, resulting in nitrogen loss. It will also cause severe odor during the bio-fermentation process and increase the load on the deodorization system. The C / N ratio in cattle and sheep manure is relatively low. Therefore, when selecting a leavening agent, wood materials with a high C / N ratio should be given priority, followed by crop straw, which is conducive to adjusting the C / N ratio of the bio-fermentation material.

[0107] In one embodiment of the present invention, the filler ratio is as follows: 80% water content cattle and sheep manure requires the addition of auxiliary materials to adjust the moisture content. Typically, a 1:1 volume ratio is sufficient. Theoretically, 1 ton of cattle and sheep manure requires 0.3 tons of auxiliary materials. The project processes 36 tons of cattle and sheep manure per day, and the amount of auxiliary materials added is 10 tons. The final weight after mixing is 46 tons. The density of cattle and sheep manure is approximately 0.8, which means the volume is approximately 60 cubic meters.

[0108] In summary, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, which monitors the oxygen consumption rate in real time and automatically analyzes the recommended air outlet rate value to automatically adjust the ventilation volume to adapt to different fermentation conditions and waste characteristics.

[0109] As described above, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in various terminal devices, such as a server for membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation. In one example, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can be integrated into a terminal device as a software module and / or a hardware module. For example, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 can be a software module in the operating system of the terminal device, or can be an application developed for the terminal device; of course, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 can also be one of the many hardware modules of the terminal device.

[0110] Alternatively, in another example, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 and the terminal device may also be separate devices, and the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system 100 may be connected to the terminal device via a wired and / or wireless network and transmit interactive information in accordance with an agreed data format.

[0111] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11 The present invention provides a flow chart of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method. Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the system architecture of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: 210, obtaining the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period; 220, performing time series analysis on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain an oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; and, 230, determining a recommended air outlet rate value based on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector.

[0112] In a specific example of the present invention, in the above-mentioned membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method, the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points are subjected to time series analysis to obtain an oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, including: performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors; and extracting oxygen consumption rate time series features from the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors to obtain the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector.

[0113] In a specific example of the present invention, in the above-mentioned membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method, data preprocessing is performed on the oxygen consumption rates at the multiple predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors, including: arranging the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at the multiple predetermined time points into oxygen consumption rate time series input vectors according to the time dimension; vector segmentation is performed on the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors; and, the sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors is respectively passed through an upsampling module to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the specific operations of each step in the above-mentioned membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method have been described in detail above. Figure 1 to Figure 1 0 has been described in detail in the description of the membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system, and therefore, its repeated description will be omitted.

[0115] Figure 13 This is an application scenario diagram of a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 As shown, in this application scenario, first, the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period are obtained (for example, Figure 13 Then, the oxygen consumption rate value obtained is input to a server (eg, Figure 13 In the S) shown in , the server is capable of processing the oxygen consumption rate value based on a membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation algorithm to determine a recommended air outlet rate value.

[0116] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system, characterized in that: include: a semi-permeable covering membrane forming an enclosed space; a cover membrane sealing pressure tube for sealing the semi-permeable cover membrane; An oxygen content sensor, a temperature sensor and an aeration pipe are arranged in the covering space; a fan disposed outside the enclosed space and in communication with the aeration pipe; as well as Control cabinet for controlling fans; Wherein, the control cabinet includes: An oxygen consumption rate value acquisition module is used to obtain oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period; The time series analysis module includes: a preprocessing unit for performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors; a time series feature extraction unit for: passing the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors through a time series feature extractor based on a one-dimensional convolutional layer to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors; passing the sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors through a context encoder based on a transformer to obtain an oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; The air outlet rate value determination module is used to determine a recommended air outlet rate value based on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector.

2. The membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing unit is used to: Arranging the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at the plurality of predetermined time points into an oxygen consumption rate time series input vector according to the time dimension; Performing vector segmentation on the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors; and The sequence of the oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors is respectively passed through an upsampling module to obtain a sequence of the upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors.

3. The membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air outlet rate value determination module includes: an optimization unit, configured to perform feature distribution optimization on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector to obtain an optimized oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; and The decoding unit is used to decode and regress the optimized oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector through a decoder to obtain a decoded value, where the decoded value is used to represent the recommended air outlet rate value.

4. The membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optimization unit is configured to: perform feature distribution optimization on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector using the following optimization formula to obtain an optimized oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; Wherein, the optimization formula is: in, is the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector, is the length of the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector, is the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector No. The eigenvalues ​​at the positions, Represents the oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector The square of the second norm of , and is a weighted hyperparameter, is the first character of the optimized oxygen consumption rate temporal context feature vector The eigenvalues ​​at the positions, Calculates the natural exponential function raised to a value.

5. A film-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining oxygen consumption rate values ​​at multiple predetermined time points within a predetermined time period; performing time series analysis on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a time series context feature vector of the oxygen consumption rate; as well as Determining a recommended air outlet rate value based on the oxygen consumption rate time series context feature vector; The step of performing time series analysis on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a time series context feature vector of the oxygen consumption rate includes: performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors; and Extracting oxygen consumption rate timing features from the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector, including: passing the sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a timing feature extractor based on a one-dimensional convolutional layer to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors; passing the sequence of oxygen consumption rate local timing feature vectors through a converter-based context encoder to obtain the oxygen consumption rate timing context feature vector.

6. The film-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Performing data preprocessing on the oxygen consumption rates at the plurality of predetermined time points to obtain a sequence of upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors includes: Arranging the oxygen consumption rate values ​​at the plurality of predetermined time points into an oxygen consumption rate time series input vector according to the time dimension; Performing vector segmentation on the oxygen consumption rate time series input vector to obtain a sequence of oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors; and The sequence of the oxygen consumption rate local time series input vectors is respectively passed through an upsampling module to obtain a sequence of the upsampled oxygen consumption rate local time series feature vectors.

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