A non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of dredging engineering, and discloses a non-blasting rock excavation device for dredging engineering, which comprises a receiving flow guide mechanism, a turnover double-reamer mechanism is arranged in the receiving flow guide mechanism, an installation external mechanism is movably arranged on one side of the receiving flow guide mechanism, a driven positioning mechanism is fixedly arranged in the turnover double-reamer mechanism, a transmission magnetization mechanism is arranged between the receiving flow guide mechanism and the installation external mechanism, and a centrifugal flow guide mechanism is fixedly arranged in the receiving flow guide mechanism. The non-blasting rock excavation device for dredging engineering can simultaneously arrange an external reamer and an internal reamer, can realize internal and external replacement of the external reamer and the internal reamer through turnover of the turnover double-reamer mechanism when the mud and rock excavation scene is changed, can conveniently and relatively quickly convert the device into another different type of reamer, avoids hoisting and disassembling steps, reduces reamer replacement time, and guarantees construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dredging engineering technology, specifically to a non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In dredging projects, cutter suction dredgers are used for dredging and excavation. Cutter suction dredgers used for rock excavation must have high-power cutter heads to provide enough energy to break the rocks. At the same time, there are also requirements for other aspects, such as the weight of the cutter head bridge and the power of the mud pump.

[0003] To ensure effective rock excavation, different types of cutters are needed. For example, smaller diameter cutters provide greater cutting force, and higher tooth density reduces the stress and cutting amount per tooth. However, most conventional excavation devices can only install a single cutter at a time. When encountering rock after excavating silt, the silt excavation cutter needs to be replaced with a rock excavation cutter. This replacement requires hoisting and disassembly, which is inconvenient and wastes considerable time, affecting construction efficiency. Therefore, a non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects is needed, capable of simultaneously installing two cutters. This allows for relatively quick conversion to a different type of cutter when changing between silt and rock excavation scenarios, avoiding hoisting and disassembly, reducing cutter replacement time, and ensuring construction efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects, which solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging engineering, comprising: a receiving and guiding mechanism, wherein a flipping double-reamer mechanism is installed inside the receiving and guiding mechanism, an external mounting mechanism is movably installed on one side of the receiving and guiding mechanism, a driven positioning mechanism is fixedly installed inside the flipping double-reamer mechanism, a transmission magnetization mechanism is provided between the receiving and guiding mechanism and the external mounting mechanism, a centrifugal guiding mechanism is fixedly installed inside the receiving and guiding mechanism, and an active positioning mechanism is provided inside the centrifugal guiding mechanism, with the active positioning mechanism located above the driven positioning mechanism, and the transmission magnetization mechanism located above the active positioning mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism includes a flow guiding shell, connecting blocks, and reinforcing plates. There are two connecting blocks, and both connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow guiding shell. The flow guiding shell has a flow guiding cavity inside, and the flow guiding cavity is hemispherical in shape. There are multiple reinforcing plates, and the multiple reinforcing plates are integrally disposed on the surface of the flow guiding shell.

[0007] Preferably, the flip-type double reamer mechanism includes a shaft block, a middle support ring frame, an outer reamer, and an inner reamer. There are two shaft blocks, and the two shaft blocks are rotatably connected to one side of two connecting blocks through bearings. The middle support ring frame is fixedly connected between the two shaft blocks. The outer reamer and the inner reamer are fixedly connected to both sides of the middle support ring frame, and the inner reamer is located inside the receiving guide shell.

[0008] Preferably, the flip-type double reamer mechanism further includes a toothed plate, a toothed seat, and cutting teeth. There are multiple toothed plates, and the multiple toothed plates are respectively fixedly installed on the surface of the outer reamer and the surface of the inner reamer by bolts. The toothed seat is integrally set on the surface of the toothed plate, and the cutting teeth are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the toothed seat.

[0009] Preferably, the external installation mechanism includes a flange cover, a sand and gravel conveying pipe joint, and a sealing ring. The flange cover is rotatably connected to one side of the receiving and guiding shell via a bearing. The sand and gravel conveying pipe joint is integrally disposed on the side of the flange cover away from the receiving and guiding shell. The sealing ring is fixedly attached to the surface of the flange cover, and bolt holes are provided on the surface of the flange cover.

[0010] Preferably, the driven positioning mechanism includes a positioning shaft cylinder, a stone-cleaning piston, a limiting ring, a connecting post, a constant pressure hole, and a guide cone. The positioning shaft cylinder is fixedly inserted between the outer reamer and the inner reamer. There are two stone-cleaning pistons, and both stone-cleaning pistons are slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning shaft cylinder. There are two limiting rings, and the two limiting rings are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls at both ends of the positioning shaft cylinder. The connecting post is fixedly inserted between the two stone-cleaning pistons. The constant pressure hole is opened through the surface of the two stone-cleaning pistons. The guide cone is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the positioning shaft cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission magnetization mechanism includes an electromagnet, a sealing cover, a magnetic transmission shaft, an external transmission shaft, a support connecting frame, and a first flow port. The electromagnet and the sealing cover are both fixedly installed on the side of the flange cover away from the receiving guide shell, and the electromagnet is located inside the sealing cover. Both the shape of the electromagnet and the shape of the flange cover are annular. The magnetic transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle part of the receiving guide shell through a bearing and a rotary seal. The external transmission shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the magnetic transmission shaft. The support connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the receiving guide shell. The first flow port is opened through the surface of the support connecting frame, and the inner wall of the middle part of the support connecting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the magnetic transmission shaft. The magnetic transmission shaft passes through the middle of the electromagnet.

[0012] Preferably, the centrifugal guide mechanism includes a receiving connecting frame, a second flow port, a receiving groove, a sealing support cylinder, a centrifugal guide plate, a sealing end ring, and a sealing sleeve. The receiving connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving guide shell and is located below the support connecting frame. The second flow port is opened through the surface of the receiving connecting frame. The receiving groove is opened on one side of the receiving connecting frame. The sealing support cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall in the middle of the receiving connecting frame. The centrifugal guide plate is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the sealing support cylinder. The sealing end ring is fixedly connected to the inner walls at both ends of the sealing support cylinder. The sealing sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing end ring.

[0013] Preferably, the active positioning mechanism includes a telescopic column, a positioning cone, and a magnetic suction plate. The telescopic column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing sleeve. The positioning cone is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column at the end away from the storage connecting frame. The magnetic suction plate is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column at the end away from the positioning cone, and the magnetic suction plate is located below the electromagnet. The outer wall of the positioning cone is movably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring.

[0014] Preferably, the active positioning mechanism further includes a supporting piston, a compression spring, and an air guide hole. The supporting piston is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column, and the outer wall of the supporting piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning shaft cylinder. The compression spring is movably sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column, and the compression spring is located on the side of the supporting piston closer to the magnetic suction plate. The air guide hole is opened through both sides of the supporting piston.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This non-blasting rock excavation device for dredging projects, through its set of receiving and guiding mechanisms, flipping double reamer mechanism, external installation mechanism, driven positioning mechanism, transmission magnetization mechanism, centrifugal guiding mechanism, and active positioning mechanism, can simultaneously set up external and internal reamers. This ensures that when changing between silt and rock excavation scenarios, the flipping double reamer mechanism can be used to replace the external and internal reamers, facilitating the relatively quick conversion of the device into a different type of reamer for excavation. This avoids hoisting and disassembly steps, reduces cutter replacement time, and ensures construction efficiency.

[0017] 2. The non-explosive rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the setting of a receiving and guiding shell, connecting block and reinforcing plate, facilitates the storage of the inner reamer and at the same time facilitates the diversion of sand and gravel broken by the outer reamer when pumping it out.

[0018] 3. The non-blasting rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the setting of tooth plates, tooth seats and cutter teeth, facilitates batch replacement of cutter teeth when the outer and inner cutters are replaced on a large scale, avoiding the need to replace teeth one by one on the surface of the outer and inner cutters.

[0019] 4. The non-explosive rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the setting of positioning shaft cylinder, stone cleaning piston, limiting ring, connecting column, constant pressure hole and guide cone, can block the other end of the positioning shaft cylinder by the stone cleaning piston when one end of the positioning shaft cylinder is inserted and positioned, so as to prevent stones from entering the positioning shaft cylinder and causing blockage.

[0020] 5. The non-explosive rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the installation of electromagnets, sealing shells, magnetic transmission shafts, external transmission shafts, support connecting frames, and a first flow port, can ensure that the magnetic transmission shafts and external transmission shafts can transmit power to the receiving flow shell, while also controlling the extension and retraction of the positioning cone by attracting the magnetic suction plate through the electromagnet, thereby controlling the locking position of the positioning shaft cylinder.

[0021] 6. The non-explosive rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the setting of a receiving connection frame, a second flow port, a receiving trough, a sealing support cylinder, a centrifugal guide plate, a sealing end ring, and a sealing sleeve, can use the rotation of the centrifugal guide plate to centrifugally throw the mud and sand below the second flow port when the device is rotating the crushed stone, so as to ensure the rapid transportation of mud and sand and avoid the retention of mud and sand.

[0022] 7. The non-explosive rock excavation device for this dredging project, through the installation of telescopic columns, positioning cones, and magnetic suction plates, can cooperate with electromagnets and magnetic transmission shafts to position the outer and inner reamers by inserting the positioning cones into the positioning shaft cylinder, thus preventing the outer and inner reamers from shifting. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the centrifugal flow guiding mechanism and the active positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the active centrifugal flow guiding mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flip-type double-hinge mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the driven positioning mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the external installation mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 101, housing guide shell; 102, connecting block; 103, reinforcing plate; 201, shaft block; 202, intermediate support ring frame; 203, external reamer; 204, internal reamer; 205, toothed plate; 206, toothed seat; 207, cutting teeth; 301, flange cover; 302, sand and gravel conveying pipe joint; 303, sealing ring; 401, positioning shaft cylinder; 402, stone cleaning piston; 403, limiting ring; 404, connecting column; 405, constant pressure hole; 406, guide cone; 501. Electromagnet; 502, Sealing cover; 503, Magnetic drive shaft; 504, External drive shaft; 505, Support connecting frame; 506, First flow port; 601, Storage connecting frame; 602, Second flow port; 603, Storage groove; 604, Sealing support cylinder; 605, Centrifugal guide plate; 606, Sealing end ring; 607, Sealing sleeve; 701, Telescopic column; 702, Positioning cone; 703, Magnetic suction plate; 704, Support piston; 705, Compression spring; 706, Air guide hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-8 A non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects includes: a receiving and guiding mechanism; a tilting double-reamer mechanism installed inside the receiving and guiding mechanism; an external mounting mechanism movably installed on one side of the receiving and guiding mechanism; a driven positioning mechanism fixedly installed inside the tilting double-reamer mechanism; a transmission magnetization mechanism disposed between the receiving and guiding mechanism and the external mounting mechanism; a centrifugal guiding mechanism fixedly installed inside the receiving and guiding mechanism; an active positioning mechanism disposed inside the centrifugal guiding mechanism, with the active positioning mechanism located above the driven positioning mechanism, and the transmission magnetization mechanism located above the driven positioning mechanism. Above the dynamic positioning mechanism, an outer reamer 203 and an inner reamer 204 can be simultaneously installed via a storage and guiding mechanism, a flip-type double reamer mechanism, an external mounting mechanism, a driven positioning mechanism, a transmission magnetization mechanism, a centrifugal guiding mechanism, and an active positioning mechanism. This ensures that when changing between silt and rock excavation scenarios, the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 can be interchanged by flipping the flip-type double reamer mechanism. This facilitates the relatively quick conversion of the device into a different type of reamer, avoiding hoisting and disassembly steps, reducing cutter replacement time, and ensuring construction efficiency.

[0034] The receiving and guiding mechanism includes a receiving and guiding shell 101, a connecting block 102, and a reinforcing plate 103. There are two connecting blocks 102, and both connecting blocks 102 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving and guiding shell 101. The receiving and guiding shell 101 has a receiving cavity inside, and the shape of the receiving cavity is hemispherical. There are multiple reinforcing plates 103, and multiple reinforcing plates 103 are integrally set on the surface of the receiving and guiding shell 101. The receiving and guiding shell 101, connecting block 102, and reinforcing plate 103 facilitate the receiving and guiding of the inner reamer 204, and at the same time facilitate the guiding of the sand and gravel crushed by the outer reamer 203 when it is sucked up.

[0035] The flip-type double reamer mechanism includes a shaft block 201, an intermediate support ring frame 202, an outer reamer 203, and an inner reamer 204. There are two shaft blocks 201, and the two shaft blocks 201 are rotatably connected to one side of two connecting blocks 102 through bearings. The intermediate support ring frame 202 is fixedly connected between the two shaft blocks 201. The outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 are fixedly connected to both sides of the intermediate support ring frame 202, and the inner reamer 204 is located inside the receiving guide shell 101 so that the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 can be flipped and replaced.

[0036] The flip-type double reamer mechanism also includes a toothed plate 205, a toothed seat 206, and a cutting tooth 207. There are multiple toothed plates 205, which are respectively fixedly installed on the surface of the outer reamer 203 and the surface of the inner reamer 204 by bolts. The toothed seat 206 is integrally set on the surface of the toothed plate 205, and the cutting tooth 207 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the toothed seat 206. The toothed plate 205, toothed seat 206, and cutting tooth 207 are arranged to facilitate batch replacement of the cutting tooth 207 when the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 are replaced on a large scale, avoiding the need to replace the teeth one by one on the surface of the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204.

[0037] The external installation mechanism includes a flange cover 301, a sand and gravel conveying pipe joint 302, and a sealing ring 303. The flange cover 301 is rotatably connected to one side of the receiving guide shell 101 via a bearing. The sand and gravel conveying pipe joint 302 is integrally set on the side of the flange cover 301 away from the receiving guide shell 101. The sealing ring 303 is fixedly attached to the surface of the flange cover 301. Bolt holes are provided on the surface of the flange cover 301 to facilitate connection with the dredging pipe of the cutter suction dredger and to facilitate support and connection to the receiving guide shell 101.

[0038] The driven positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder 401, a stone-cleaning piston 402, a limiting ring 403, a connecting post 404, a constant pressure hole 405, and a guide cone 406. The positioning cylinder 401 is fixedly inserted between the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204. There are two stone-cleaning pistons 402, and both stone-cleaning pistons 402 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning cylinder 401. There are two limiting rings 403, and the two limiting rings 403 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls at both ends of the positioning cylinder 401. The connecting post 405... 04 is fixedly inserted between two stone-cleaning pistons 402. A constant pressure hole 405 is opened through the surface of the two stone-cleaning pistons 402. A guide cone 406 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the positioning shaft cylinder 401. The positioning shaft cylinder 401, stone-cleaning piston 402, limiting ring 403, connecting column 404, constant pressure hole 405 and guide cone 406 are designed so that when one end of the positioning shaft cylinder 401 is inserted and positioned, the other end can be blocked by the stone-cleaning piston 402 to prevent stones from entering the positioning shaft cylinder 401 and causing blockage.

[0039] The transmission magnetization mechanism includes an electromagnet 501, a sealing cover 502, a magnetic transmission shaft 503, an external transmission shaft 504, a support connecting frame 505, and a first flow port 506. The electromagnet 501 and the sealing cover 502 are both fixedly installed on the side of the flange cover 301 away from the receiving guide shell 101, with the electromagnet 501 located inside the sealing cover 502. Both the shape of the electromagnet 501 and the shape of the flange cover 301 are annular. The magnetic transmission shaft 503 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the middle part of the receiving guide shell 101 via bearings and a rotary seal. The external transmission shaft 504 is fixedly connected to one end of the magnetic transmission shaft 503. The support connecting frame 505 is fixedly connected to the receiving guide shell 101. The inner wall of one end of the support frame 505 has a first flow port 506 that is opened through the surface of the support frame 505. The inner wall of the middle part of the support frame 505 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the magnetic drive shaft 503. The magnetic drive shaft 503 passes through the middle of the electromagnet 501. The electromagnet 501, the sealing cover 502, the magnetic drive shaft 503, the external drive shaft 504, the support frame 505 and the first flow port 506 are arranged to ensure that the magnetic drive shaft 503 and the external drive shaft 504 can transmit power to the housing flow shell 101. At the same time, the electromagnet 501 can attract the magnetic plate 703 to control the extension and retraction of the positioning cone 702, thereby controlling the locking of the positioning shaft cylinder 401.

[0040] The centrifugal flow guiding mechanism includes a receiving connecting frame 601, a second flow port 602, a receiving groove 603, a sealing support cylinder 604, a centrifugal flow guiding plate 605, a sealing end ring 606, and a sealing sleeve 607. The receiving connecting frame 601 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving flow guiding shell 101, and the receiving connecting frame 601 is located below the supporting connecting frame 505. The second flow port 602 is opened through the surface of the receiving connecting frame 601. The receiving groove 603 is opened on one side of the receiving connecting frame 601. The sealing support cylinder 604 is fixedly connected to the inner wall in the middle of the receiving connecting frame 601. Plate 605 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of sealing support cylinder 604, sealing end ring 606 is fixedly connected to the inner walls of both ends of sealing support cylinder 604, and sealing sleeve 607 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of sealing end ring 606. Through the set storage connecting frame 601, second flow port 602, storage groove 603, sealing support cylinder 604, centrifugal guide plate 605, sealing end ring 606 and sealing sleeve 607, the centrifugal guide plate 605 can be used to centrifugally throw the mud and sand below the second flow port 602 when the device rotates the crushed stone, so as to ensure the rapid transportation of mud and sand and avoid the mud and sand from staying.

[0041] The active positioning mechanism includes a telescopic column 701, a positioning cone 702, and a magnetic suction plate 703. The telescopic column 701 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 607. The positioning cone 702 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column 701 at the end away from the storage connecting frame 601. The magnetic suction plate 703 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column 701 at the end away from the positioning cone 702, and the magnetic suction plate 703 is located below the electromagnet 501. The outer wall of the positioning cone 702 is movably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring 403. Through the telescopic column 701, the positioning cone 702, and the magnetic suction plate 703, the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 can be positioned by inserting the positioning cone 702 into the positioning shaft cylinder 401, so as to avoid the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 from shifting.

[0042] The active positioning mechanism also includes a support piston 704, a compression spring 705, and an air guide hole 706. The support piston 704 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column 701, and the outer wall of the support piston 704 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning shaft cylinder 401. The compression spring 705 is movably sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column 701, and the compression spring 705 is located on the side of the support piston 704 near the magnetic suction plate 703. The air guide hole 706 is opened through both sides of the support piston 704 so that after the magnetic force of the electromagnet 501 disappears, the support piston 704 can be squeezed by the elastic force of the compression spring 705, so that the positioning cone 702 remains inserted inside the positioning shaft cylinder 401 and continuously positions the external reamer 203 and the internal reamer 204.

[0043] Working principle: During installation, the sand and gravel conveying pipe joint 302 is connected to the dredging pipe of the cutter suction dredger. The flange cover 301 is installed on the suspension of the cutter suction dredger. The external drive shaft 504 is installed at the output end of the cutter drive motor. In use, the cutter drive motor drives the external drive shaft 504 to rotate. The external drive shaft 504 drives the receiving guide shell 101 to rotate on one side of the flange cover 301 through the transmission of the magnetic drive shaft 503 and the support connecting frame 505. This causes the parts inside the receiving guide shell 101 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the external cutter 203 then removes the rock. The crushing process creates negative pressure inside the sludge suction pipe, drawing in silt and small pieces of sand. These materials pass through the gap between the outer and inner reamers 203 and 204, first reaching the area below the centrifugal guide plate 605. Since the centrifugal guide plate 605 rotates synchronously with the receiving guide shell 101, it centrifugally throws the silt and small pieces of sand to the surrounding area. The silt and small pieces then pass through the second inlet 602, then through the first inlet 506, reaching the bottom of the sand and gravel conveying pipe joint 302, and finally entering the sludge suction pipe through the sand and gravel conveying pipe joint 302. When it is necessary to replace the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204, the electromagnet 501 is energized, magnetizing the intermediate magnetic drive shaft 503. After magnetization, the magnetic drive shaft 503 attracts the magnetic suction plate 703 through magnetic force, causing the magnetic suction plate 703 to rise against the spring force of the compression spring 705 and engage with the magnetic drive shaft 503. The rising magnetic suction plate 703, through the telescopic column 701, drives the positioning cone 702 to be pulled out from inside the limiting ring 403, allowing the positioning shaft cylinder 401, the outer reamer 203, and the inner reamer 204 to move. Then, the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204 are flipped. The blade 204 causes the outer reamer 203 to flip into the receiving guide shell 101, while the inner reamer 204 flips out. Then, the end of the flipped positioning shaft cylinder 401 is aligned with the positioning cone 702. Then, the power supply to the electromagnet 501 is disconnected, the electromagnet 501 loses its magnetic force, the magnetic transmission shaft 503 loses its magnetism, and the compression spring 705 resets to compress the support piston 704. This causes the telescopic column 701 to drive the positioning cone 702 and the magnetic suction plate 703 to reset. The positioning cone 702 is inserted into the limiting ring 403 at the end of the flipped positioning shaft cylinder 401 to limit the outer reamer 203 and the inner reamer 204.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects, characterized in that, include: The system includes a flow guiding mechanism, which has a flip-type double-hinge mechanism installed inside. An external mounting mechanism is movably installed on one side of the flow guiding mechanism. A driven positioning mechanism is fixedly installed inside the flip-type double-hinge mechanism. A transmission magnetization mechanism is provided between the flow guiding mechanism and the external mounting mechanism. A centrifugal flow guiding mechanism is fixedly installed inside the flow guiding mechanism. An active positioning mechanism is provided inside the centrifugal flow guiding mechanism, and the active positioning mechanism is located above the driven positioning mechanism. The transmission magnetization mechanism is also located above the active positioning mechanism. The receiving and guiding mechanism includes a receiving and guiding shell (101), a connecting block (102), and a reinforcing plate (103). There are two connecting blocks (102), and both connecting blocks (102) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving and guiding shell (101). The receiving and guiding shell (101) has a receiving cavity inside, and the shape of the receiving cavity is hemispherical. There are multiple reinforcing plates (103), and multiple reinforcing plates (103) are integrally set on the surface of the receiving and guiding shell (101). The flip-type double reamer mechanism includes a shaft block (201), a middle support ring frame (202), an outer reamer (203), and an inner reamer (204). There are two shaft blocks (201), and the two shaft blocks (201) are rotatably connected to one side of two connecting blocks (102) through bearings. The middle support ring frame (202) is fixedly connected between the two shaft blocks (201). The outer reamer (203) and the inner reamer (204) are fixedly connected to both sides of the middle support ring frame (202), and the inner reamer (204) is located inside the receiving guide shell (101). The flip-type double reamer mechanism also includes a toothed plate (205), a toothed seat (206), and a cutting tooth (207). There are multiple toothed plates (205), and the multiple toothed plates (205) are respectively fixedly installed on the surface of the outer reamer (203) and the surface of the inner reamer (204) by bolts. The toothed seat (206) is integrally set on the surface of the toothed plate (205), and the cutting tooth (207) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the toothed seat (206). The external installation mechanism includes a flange cover (301), a sand and gravel conveying pipe joint (302), and a sealing ring (303). The flange cover (301) is rotatably connected to one side of the receiving guide shell (101) via a bearing. The sand and gravel conveying pipe joint (302) is integrally set on the side of the flange cover (301) away from the receiving guide shell (101). The sealing ring (303) is fixedly attached to the surface of the flange cover (301), and bolt holes are opened on the surface of the flange cover (301). The driven positioning mechanism includes a positioning cylinder (401), a stone-cleaning piston (402), a limiting ring (403), a connecting column (404), a constant pressure hole (405), and a guide cone (406). The positioning cylinder (401) is fixedly inserted between the outer reamer (203) and the inner reamer (204). There are two stone-cleaning pistons (402), and both stone-cleaning pistons (402) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning cylinder (401). There are two limiting rings (403), and the two limiting rings (403) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls at both ends of the positioning cylinder (401). The connecting column (404) is fixedly inserted between the two stone-cleaning pistons (402). The constant pressure hole (405) is opened through the surface of the two stone-cleaning pistons (402). The guide cone (406) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the positioning cylinder (401). The transmission magnetization mechanism includes an electromagnet (501), a sealing cover (502), a magnetic transmission shaft (503), an external transmission shaft (504), a support frame (505), and a first flow port (506). The electromagnet (501) and the sealing cover (502) are both fixedly installed on the side of the flange cover (301) away from the receiving guide shell (101), and the electromagnet (501) is located inside the sealing cover (502). Both the shape of the electromagnet (501) and the shape of the flange cover (301) are annular. The magnetic transmission shaft (503)... 03) The inner wall of the middle part of the receiving guide shell (101) is rotatably connected by bearings and rotary seals. The external drive shaft (504) is fixedly connected to one end of the magnetic drive shaft (503). The support connecting frame (505) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the receiving guide shell (101). The first flow port (506) is opened through the surface of the support connecting frame (505). The inner wall of the middle part of the support connecting frame (505) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the magnetic drive shaft (503). The magnetic drive shaft (503) passes through the middle of the electromagnet (501). The centrifugal flow guiding mechanism includes a receiving connecting frame (601), a second flow port (602), a receiving groove (603), a sealing support cylinder (604), a centrifugal flow guiding plate (605), a sealing end ring (606), and a sealing sleeve (607). The receiving connecting frame (601) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the receiving flow guiding shell (101), and the receiving connecting frame (601) is located below the support connecting frame (505). The second flow port (602) is opened through the receiving connecting frame. The surface of the frame (601) has the storage slot (603) opened on one side of the storage connecting frame (601), the sealing support cylinder (604) is fixedly connected to the inner wall in the middle of the storage connecting frame (601), the centrifugal guide plate (605) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the sealing support cylinder (604), the sealing end ring (606) is fixedly connected to the inner walls at both ends of the sealing support cylinder (604), and the sealing sleeve (607) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing end ring (606); The active positioning mechanism includes a telescopic column (701), a positioning cone (702), and a magnetic suction plate (703). The telescopic column (701) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing sleeve (607). The positioning cone (702) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column (701) away from the storage connecting frame (601). The magnetic suction plate (703) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic column (701) away from the positioning cone (702). The magnetic suction plate (703) is located below the electromagnet (501), and the outer wall of the positioning cone (702) is movably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring (403).

2. The non-explosive rock excavation device for dredging projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active positioning mechanism further includes a support piston (704), a compression spring (705), and an air guide hole (706). The support piston (704) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column (701), and the outer wall of the support piston (704) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the positioning shaft cylinder (401). The compression spring (705) is movably sleeved on the surface of the telescopic column (701), and the compression spring (705) is located on the side of the support piston (704) near the magnetic suction plate (703). The air guide hole (706) is opened through both sides of the support piston (704).

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