Optical communication apparatus and optical communication method including organic photodetector

Abstract

The application relates to an optical communication device, comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the receiving end comprises an organic photodetector, the organic photodetector comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a first modification layer, an active layer, a second modification layer and a counter electrode arranged in sequence, wherein the active layer comprises a donor material selected from P3HT, PM6, PCE-10, D18 and combinations thereof, and an acceptor material selected from PCBM, CH17, ITIC, Y6 and combinations thereof.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical communication, in particular, to an optical communication device comprising an organic photodetector, and an optical communication method using the optical communication device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Optical detectors can be used for optical communication of text, images, audio, and play an important role in the fields of Internet of Things, information exchange, flexible wear, autonomous driving, traffic safety, intelligent assistance, national defense and military, etc. Currently, optical detectors used for optical communication are mainly based on inorganic optoelectronic materials such as silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc. However, these materials have natural disadvantages, such as being non-bendable, high energy consumption for preparation, harsh preparation conditions, and no strong selective absorption of spectrum, etc. Organic photodetectors are a kind of optoelectronic devices based on organic molecules (including small molecules and polymers), which have adjustable spectral range and can achieve high-sensitivity detection of different waveband light. Compared with inorganic optical detectors, organic optical detectors have the advantages of solution processing, flexibility, adjustable band gap, low cost, large-area preparation, and high-density array, etc.

[0003] Although organic photodetectors have the above advantages, the data transmission speed of optical communication devices using organic photodetectors is still inferior to that of optical communication devices using inorganic photodetectors, which is mainly due to the relatively slow response speed. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new optical communication device using organic photodetectors, which can improve or overcome one or more of the problems commonly encountered in optical communication devices using organic photodetectors in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] In one aspect of the present application, an optical communication device is provided, comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the receiving end comprises an organic photodetector, the organic photodetector comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a first modification layer, an active layer, a second modification layer and a counter electrode arranged in sequence, wherein the active layer comprises a donor material selected from P3HT, PM6, PCE-10, D18 and combinations thereof, and an acceptor material selected from PCBM, CH17, ITIC, Y6 and combinations thereof. In still other embodiments, the mass ratio of the donor material to the acceptor material is 1:1-1.5.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first and second modification layers are different from each other. In another embodiment, one of the first and second modification layers is a hole transport layer, and the other is an electron transport layer. In some embodiments, the electron transport material of the electron transport layer is selected from zinc oxide, PDIN, PDINO, PFNBr, BCP, Bphen, Alq3, BAlq, and combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the hole transport material of the hole transport layer is selected from molybdenum oxide, TCTA, PANI / DBSA, PEDOT / PSS, PANI / CSA, PANI / PSS, and combinations thereof.

[0006] In some embodiments, the transparent electrode is selected from ITO, IZO, Sn02, ZnO, graphene film, silver nanowire film, silver nanoparticle mesh layer, carbon nanotube film, MXene, PEDOT / PSS film. In other embodiments, the counter electrode is selected from a metal electrode, a conductive polymer, a nano-conductive material, and combinations thereof. Here, the counter electrode can be an anode or a cathode, while the transparent electrode is a cathode or an anode, respectively. In yet other embodiments, the transparent substrate is a rigid or flexible inorganic or organic transparent substrate.

[0007] In some embodiments, the organic photodetector is capable of achieving a response time of 91 ns and a responsivity of 0.53 AW -1 at 830 nm.

[0008] In some embodiments, the transmitting end comprises a wireless signal receiver, a modulation circuit, a light source, and the receiving end further comprises a demodulation circuit and a wireless signal transmitter. In some embodiments, the transparent electrode has a thickness of 10-200 nm; the active layer has a thickness of 90-105 nm; the hole transport layer has a thickness of 3-6 nm; the electron transport layer has a thickness of 10-20 nm; the counter electrode has a thickness of 80-120 nm. In yet other embodiments, the light communication device has a spectral absorption range of 300 nm to 2000 nm.

[0009] In another aspect of the present application, a light communication method is provided, comprising using a light communication device to perform light communication, the light communication device comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the receiving end comprises an organic photodetector, the organic photodetector comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a first modification layer, an active layer, a second modification layer, and a counter electrode arranged in sequence, wherein the active layer comprises a donor material selected from P3HT, PM6, PCE-10, D18, and combinations thereof, and an acceptor material selected from PCBM, CH17, ITIC, Y6, and combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the light communication comprises transmitting text, images, audio, video, and any combination thereof. In yet other embodiments, the mass ratio of the donor material to the acceptor material is 1:1-1.5.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first and second modification layers are different from each other. In another embodiment, one of the first and second modification layers is a hole transport layer, and the other is an electron transport layer. In some embodiments, the electron transport material of the electron transport layer is selected from zinc oxide, PDIN, PDINO, PFN-Br, BCP, Bphen, Alq3, BAlq, and combinations thereof. In other embodiments, the hole transport material of the hole transport layer is selected from molybdenum oxide, TCTA, PANI / DBSA, PEDOT / PSS, PANI / CSA, PANI / PSS, and combinations thereof.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transparent electrode is selected from ITO, IZO, Sn02, ZnO, graphene film, silver nanowire film, silver nanoparticle mesh layer, carbon nanotube film, MXene, PEDOT / PSS film. In other embodiments, the counter electrode is selected from a metal electrode, a conductive polymer, a nano-conductive material, and combinations thereof. Here, the counter electrode can be an anode or a cathode, while the transparent electrode is a cathode or an anode, respectively. In yet other embodiments, the transparent substrate is a rigid or flexible inorganic or organic transparent substrate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the organic photodetector is capable of achieving a response time of 91 ns and a responsivity of 0.53 AW -1 at 830 nm.

[0013] In some embodiments, the transmitting end comprises a wireless signal receiver, a modulation circuit, a light source, and the receiving end further comprises a demodulation circuit and a wireless signal transmitter. In some embodiments, the transparent electrode has a thickness of 10-200 nm; the active layer has a thickness of 90-105 nm; the hole transport layer has a thickness of 3-6 nm; the electron transport layer has a thickness of 10-20 nm; the counter electrode has a thickness of 80-120 nm. In yet other embodiments, the optical communication device has a spectral absorption range of 300 nm to 2000 nm.

[0014] Although silicon photodetectors are widely used in the field of optical communication, especially high-speed optical communication in the visible or near-infrared spectral range, due to their inherent rigid structure and the like, they cannot meet the needs of the next generation of communication devices. However, existing organic photodetectors cannot achieve the same or similar data transmission speed as silicon photodetectors due to their relatively slow response rate.

[0015] The inventors of the present case are able to greatly improve the responsivity of the organic photodetector, even exceeding that of the silicon-based photodetector, by selecting a specific active material (e.g. a non-fullerene material with a compact 3D molecular packing structure). In addition, such an organic photodetector can have other general advantages of organic photodetectors, such as one or more of: solubility in processing, good flexibility, high tunability, low cost, large-area manufacturability, etc., and thus have higher universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The following drawings are provided to assist in better understanding the inventive concept of the present disclosure. The drawings and the illustrated inventive concept are also part of the present specification.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a light communication device according to one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an organic photodetector according to one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 is a spectral absorption plot of PM6 and CH17, showing a spectral absorption range of 300 nm to 930 nm.

[0020] Figure 4 shows the responsivity of PM6 and CH17 as a function of wavelength.

[0021] Figure 5 shows a performance comparison of the organic photodetector of the present application with a silicon photodetector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. As used herein, the terms “embodiment” and “implementation” can be used interchangeably and are non-limiting examples of employing one or more of the inventive concepts disclosed herein. It will be apparent, however, that various embodiments can be practiced without these specific details, or with one or more equivalent arrangements.

[0023] The light communication device of the present application comprises a transmitting end comprising a wireless signal receiver, a modulation circuit, a light source, and a receiving end comprising an organic photodetector, a demodulation circuit, and a wireless signal transmitter. The spectral absorption range of the light communication device of the present application can be in the ultraviolet to near-infrared region, for example, 200 nm to 2000 nm, preferably, 300 nm to 2000 nm, or 300 nm to 1700 nm.

[0024] The organic photodetector of the present application is used to convert optical signals carrying information into electrical signals, for example, can be an organic photodiode. The organic photodetector can comprise a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a first modification layer, an active layer, a second modification layer and a counter electrode, wherein the active layer comprises a donor material and an acceptor material, preferably, the mass ratio of the donor material to the acceptor material is 1:1-1.5, for example, 1:1.1, 1:1.2, 1:1.3, 1:1.4 or 1:1.5. The active layer can be a heterojunction of a blend of the donor material and the acceptor material, or a bilayer structure prepared layer by layer.

[0025] The donor material can be selected from poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT); poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl-3-fluoro)thiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thiophene-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione)] (PM6), poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-carboxylic acid-2-6-diester)] (PCE-10), poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl-3-fluoro)thiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-5,5'-(5,8-bis(4-(2-butyloctyl)thiophene-2-yl)dithieno[3',2':3,4;2",3":5,6]benzo[1,2-c][1,2,5]thiadiazole)] (D18) and combinations thereof. The acceptor material can be selected from (6,6)-phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), CH17, ITIC, Y6 and combinations thereof.

[0026]

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the active layer is a bulk heterojunction formed by blending the electron donor material PM6 with the electron acceptor material CH17, or a bilayer structure obtained by layer-by-layer preparation, preferably in the form of a bulk heterojunction. The preparation method of the active layer includes but is not limited to spin coating, evaporation, blade coating, printing, slot coating and the like, preferably solution spin coating. Other examples of the photodetector of the present application can be other photodetector devices containing an organic active layer, such as organic phototriodes, organic photoconductor devices, organic photomultipliers and the like.

[0028] In some embodiments, the weight average molecular weight of PM6 can be in the range of 20,000 to 60,000, for example, 25,000 to 55,000, 30,000 to 50,000, or 35,000 to 45,000. In addition, the weight average molecular weight of P3HT, PCE-10, and D18 can also be in the range of 20,000 to 60,000, preferably 30,000 to 45,000.

[0029] The first and second modification layers are different from each other and are either a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer, respectively, depending on the adjacent electrode. For example, if the transparent electrode is an anode, the first modification layer is a hole transport layer and the second modification layer is an electron transport layer, and if the transparent electrode is a cathode, the first modification layer is an electron transport layer and the second modification layer is a hole transport layer.

[0030] The electron transport material can be an N-type semiconductor material and is capable of efficiently transporting electrons and blocking hole transport, examples of which include, but are not limited to, organic polymers having N-type semiconductor properties, metal oxides, organic small molecules, and the like, and specifically, can be zinc oxide, N,N'-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDIN), N,N'-bis(N,N-dimethylpropan-1-ox- idamino)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDINO), poly(9,9-bis(3'-(N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium-propyl-2,7-fluorenyl)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl))dibromide (PFNBr), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), aluminum 8-hydroxyquinoline (Alq3), bis(2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline-N1-O8)(1,1'-biphenyl-4-hydroxy)aluminum (BAlq), and any combination thereof.

[0031] The hole transport material can be a P-type semiconductor material and is capable of efficiently transporting holes and blocking electron transport, examples of which include, but are not limited to, organic polymers having P-type semiconductor properties, organic small molecules, and the like, and specifically, can be molybdenum oxide, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), and any combination thereof. Preferably, the hole transport layer is PSS:PEDOT and the electron transport layer is PDINO.

[0032] The material of the transparent electrode can be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), graphene film, silver nanowire film, silver nanoparticle mesh layer, carbon nanotube film, MXene, PEDOT / PSS film, and the transparent electrode can be configured as an anode or a cathode. Correspondingly, the counter electrode can be a cathode or an anode, and the material thereof can be selected from metal electrodes, conductive polymers, nano-conductive materials, such as gold, aluminum, silver, PEDOT / PSS, carbon nanotube film, silver nanowire film, and the like. The transparent substrate is a rigid or flexible inorganic or organic transparent substrate, including but not limited to glass, quartz, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimide (PI), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), styrene ethylene butylene styrene block copolymer (SEBS), and the like transparent organic materials.

[0033] The thickness of the transparent electrode can be 10-200 nm, such as 20, 50, 70, 100, 120, 150, or 180 nm. The thickness of the active layer can be 90-105 nm, such as 92, 95, 98, 100, or 102 nm. The thickness of the hole transport layer can be 3-6 nm, such as 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, or 5.5 nm. The thickness of the electron transport layer can be 10-20 nm, such as 12, 15, or 18 nm. The thickness of the counter electrode can be 80-120 nm, such as 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, or 115 nm.

[0034] The organic photodetector of the present application can achieve a response time of 91 ns, a low noise current of 3 pA, a responsivity of 0.53 A / W at 830 nm, and a linear dynamic range of more than 130 dB. -1

[0035] The wireless signal receiver is used to receive radio frequency signals containing text, image, audio information sent by wireless terminal devices such as mobile phones, computers, etc. The wireless signal receiver can be used to receive radio frequency signals carrying text, image, audio such as NFC, Bluetooth, WIFI, 4G, 5G, etc. For example, Bluetooth receiver, routing signal receiver, etc. The modulation circuit can convert the input analog signals of text, image, audio into digital signals, and modulate the digital signals. The converted modulation signal carries frequency, amplitude and phase information, which can be used to control the flicker frequency, intensity, etc. of the light source, so as to contain the information of text, image, audio in the frequency, amplitude, phase of light. The light source can emit ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light or any combination thereof, and the flicker mode of the light source can vary according to the modulation circuit. Examples of the light source can include but are not limited to organic light emitting diode, inorganic light emitting diode, laser emitter, sun, xenon lamp, tungsten lamp, deuterium lamp, halogen lamp, etc. The light signal emitted by the light source can propagate through air, vacuum, optical fiber, etc. medium.​

[0036] The demodulation circuit is used to convert the electrical signal generated by the organic photodetector into an analog signal of text, image, audio, etc. For example, the modulation circuit modulates the electrical signal received by the Bluetooth receiver. The wireless signal transmitter is used to convert the analog signal containing text, image, audio into a wireless signal, including but not limited to NFC, Bluetooth, WIFI, 4G, 5G, etc. Radio frequency signal. The signal carries the information of text, image, audio, which can be received by wireless terminal devices such as mobile phones, computers, etc., and finally the signal is displayed and restored.

[0037] However, in some alternative embodiments, the input components of image and audio signals can be directly integrated into the transmitting end through a line, and the output components of text, image and audio signals can also be directly integrated into the receiving end through a line.

[0038] The optical communication device of the present application has the advantages of fast response speed, high response degree, low dark current, etc., and can realize wide-spectrum detection of visible-near infrared light through the matching of the energy level and spectral absorption of the donor material and the acceptor material.

[0039] By using materials with highly ordered molecular stacking in the active layer, such as non-fullerene materials with tight 3D molecular stacking structure, low trap density and low energy disorder are achieved, resulting in low RC constant and high charge mobility, thereby greatly improving the response performance of the organic photodetector. In addition, by selecting flexible substrates and transmission materials, etc., the organic photodetector of the present application has sufficient flexibility while ensuring response performance, for example, after 500 mechanical bends, it still exhibits excellent mechanical and electrical stability, with negligible performance degradation (<1%), and maintains more than 95% of the initial light response after working in a conventional environment for 550 hours.

[0040] The optical communication device of the present application has a data transmission rate of 80 Mbps and a bit error rate (BER) of 3.5 x 10 -4 , realizing accurate optical communication, so that it can be applied to next-generation optical communication technology, especially flexible electronic devices, soft robot technology, autopilot, implanted devices, etc.

[0041] Embodiments

[0042] In the following, various embodiments will be described in more detail by examples and test examples, but the inventive concept herein is not limited thereto.

[0043] Experimental materials

[0044] The donor material PM6 was purchased from Solarmer Materials (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Chloronaphthalene was purchased from Sigma Aidrich. PDINO was purchased from eFlexPV Limited and Senior Materials, respectively. CH17 was obtained by the method described in “Lowing the energy loss of organic solar cells by molecular packing engineering via multiple molecular conjugation extension”, Chen et al., SCIENCE CHINA Chemistry (2022). All other reagents and chemicals used in the examples were purchased from commercial suppliers and used directly without further purification. Flexible ITO / PI transparent electrodes with ITO (23 nm) were purchased from Advanced Election Technology CO, Ltd. and Xiangchen Technology.

[0045] Example 1.1 - Preparation of an organic photodetector (OPD)

[0046] The glass / ITO substrates were sequentially pre-cleaned in an ultrasonic bath of detergent, deionized water, acetone, and isopropanol, and then dried using N2 gas. The glass / ITO substrates were irradiated with UV light (wavelength 365 nm) for 15 minutes in a UV-ozone chamber (Jelight Company). A PEDOT:PSS (Baytron P VP Al 4083) solution was spin-coated on the ITO substrate at a speed of 4300 rpm for 20 seconds, baked at 150 °C in air for 20 minutes, and then transferred into a glove box filled with argon, thereby obtaining a hole transport layer. A mixture of PM6:CH17 with a weight ratio of 1 : 1.2 was completely dissolved in chloroform at 50 °C, and 1-chloronaphthalene was added as an additive (concentration of 8 mg / mL PM6). In order to remove 1-chloronaphthalene present in the active layer, the obtained device was annealed on a hot plate at 110 °C for 10 minutes. The device with an active layer of about 100 nm thickness was obtained by spin-coating at 2000 rpm for 30 seconds. Then, a solution of PDINO (dissolved in methanol at a concentration of 1 mg / mL) was spin-coated on the active layer to obtain an electron transport layer with a thickness of 15 nm. An Ag electrode with a thickness of 100 nm was prepared by a thermal evaporation technique at 2 x 10 -6 Pa, thereby obtaining an organic photodetector 1 with a glass / ITO / PEDOT:PSS (4083) / PM6:CH17 / PDINO / Ag structure. The final active area of the device was 4 mm 2 .

[0047] For long-term stability test, the device was exposed to UV at 365 nm for 2 minutes and encapsulated with epoxy resin (Norland Optical Adhesive 81).

[0048] Example 1.2 - Preparation of an organic photodetector

[0049] An organic photodetector 2 was prepared in substantially the same procedure as Example 1, but with the difference that a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane precursor and crosslinking agent (Sylgard 184) (weight ratio 10:1) was spin-coated on a pre-cleaned glass at 5000 rpm for 30 seconds to prepare a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, and then the uncured film was baked at 80 °C for 10 minutes to obtain the final PDMS. The flexible ITO / PI electrode was attached on the PDMS, and then the fabrication of flexible OPD on the electrode was performed according to the above procedure.

[0050] Example 2 - Preparation of a light communication device

[0051] The infrared light text communication system based on the organic photodetector consists of a transmitting circuit and a receiving circuit, as shown in Figure 1 The receiving circuit is contained in a commercially available 51 single-chip microcomputer system, the OPD prepared in Example 1.1 is connected to the demodulation circuit at the receiving end, and the receiving end is also connected to a liquid crystal display for display. The mobile phone (i.e., terminal device) is connected to the Bluetooth receiver at the transmitting end through Bluetooth wireless technology to input the signal, and the designated information can be input in the mobile phone, the signal is transmitted to the Bluetooth receiver of the single-chip microcomputer, and then modulated by the modulation circuit to modulate the infrared LED (880 nm). The OPD receives the infrared light signal and converts it into an electrical signal, which is converted into text and displayed on the liquid crystal display.

[0052] Test Example 1

[0053] A Model Hamamatsu S1226-5BK (a Si-based photodetector, referred to herein as SiPD) was used as Comparative Example 1, and the OPD manufactured in Example 1 was measured for responsivity by the instrument QE-R (purchased from Guangyan Technology) under 0 V bias, and the response time and cut-off frequency were measured by the oscilloscope DSO4104C, wherein the OPD of the present application and the S1226-5BK used in the test were both 1 x 1 mm 2 in size. Specifically, the LED with an excitation wavelength of 830 nm was driven by a signal generator, and the OPD converted the received light signal into an electrical signal, which was read by the oscilloscope, and the response time and cut-off frequency were obtained from the electrical signal read by the oscilloscope.

[0054] The organic photodetector of the present application can achieve a response time of 91 ns, a 3dB bandwidth of 4 MHz and a responsivity of 0.53 A W -1 as compared to a silicon-based photodetector of the comparative example which has a response time of 326 ns and a responsivity of 0.26 A W -1 Thus, the organic photodetector of the present application can achieve much higher performance than the silicon-based photodetector while still maintaining excellent mechanical and electrical stability after being used for a period of time.

[0055] Test Example 2

[0056] The transmitting end of the optical communication device of Example 2 was connected to a mobile phone via Bluetooth, and information was edited on the mobile phone, i.e. the text "Hello World!" was edited, which was converted into a signal and sent to the single-chip microcomputer, and the infrared LED (880 nm) was modulated. After the organic photodetector of the receiving end received the infrared light signal, the infrared light signal was converted into an electrical signal, and then the information edited by the mobile phone was displayed on the liquid crystal display through the demodulation circuit and the wireless signal transmitter. The liquid crystal display is low-bias driven (3 V), and in the case that the liquid crystal display can fully display the information, the maximum transmission distance is 5 meters, which is currently not achieved by commercially available products.

[0057] Although certain embodiments and implementations have been described herein, other embodiments and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the present inventive concept is not limited to the above described embodiments, but rather only by the claims and various obvious modifications and equivalents thereof will be apparent to one skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An optical communication device comprising a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the receiving end comprises an organic photodetector, the organic photodetector comprising, in sequence, a transparent substrate, a transparent electrode, a first modification layer, an active layer, a second modification layer, and a counter electrode, wherein the active layer comprises a donor material selected from PM6, PCE-10, D18, and combinations thereof, and a CH17 acceptor material; a mass ratio of the donor material to the acceptor material is 1:1-1.5; The organic photodetector has a response time of 91 ns and a responsivity of 0.53 A / W at 830 nm -1 . 。 2. The optical communication device of claim 1, wherein the first modification layer and the second modification layer are different from each other and are a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer; wherein an electron transport material of the electron transport layer is selected from zinc oxide, PDIN, PDINO, PFNBr, BCP, Bphen, Alq3, BAlq, and combinations thereof; a hole transport material of the hole transport layer is selected from molybdenum oxide, TCTA, PANI / DBSA, PEDOT / PSS, PANI / CSA, PANI / PSS, and combinations thereof.

3. The optical communication device of claim 1, wherein the transparent electrode is selected from ITO, IZO, Sn02, ZnO, graphene film, silver nanowire film, silver nanoparticle mesh layer, carbon nanotube film, MXene, PEDOT / PSS film; the counter electrode is selected from a metal electrode, a conductive polymer, a nano-conductive material, and combinations thereof.

4. The optical communication device of claim 1, wherein the transmitting end comprises a wireless signal receiver, a modulation circuit, a light source, and the receiving end further comprises a demodulation circuit and a wireless signal transmitter.

5. The optical communication device of claim 2, wherein the transparent electrode has a thickness of 10-200 nm; the active layer has a thickness of 90-105 nm; the hole transport layer has a thickness of 3-6 nm; the electron transport layer has a thickness of 10-20 nm; the counter electrode has a thickness of 80-120 nm.

6. The optical communication device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the optical communication device has a spectral absorption range of 300 nm to 2000 nm.

7. An optical communication method comprising using the optical communication device of any one of claims 1-6 to perform optical communication.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the optical communication comprises transmitting text, images, audio, video, or any combination thereof.

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