A penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention relates to a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board and its preparation method. It comprises a rigid layer and a toughening layer, with the toughening layer sandwiched between the rigid layers. The rigid layers ensure the structural rigidity of the board, while the toughening layer primarily dissipates the kinetic energy of the penetrating object, preventing the board from being punctured. The toughening layer is composed of flexible resin and a shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform. The rigid layer and the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform are connected by flexible resin. When the board is subjected to impact, energy is dissipated through the coordinated deformation and fracture of the tough high-performance fibers and the flexible resin. Compared with existing technologies, the board of this invention utilizes multiple layers of rigid and flexible materials to decelerate the impacting object in multiple stages, and utilizes the flexible fibers cured in the flexible resin to dissipate the energy of the impacting object, resulting in better penetration resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a composite resin board, and more particularly to a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of various weapons and equipment, equipment with higher deployment density and performance requirements has been developed, placing higher demands on the adaptability and protection capabilities of these devices. Some equipment needs to withstand the impact of its own projectiles, while others need to protect against the impact and penetration of external high-energy shrapnel and fragments. Therefore, penetration resistance needs to be designed simultaneously when developing new equipment to meet the impact and penetration resistance requirements of different complex environments. While metal plates are commonly used for penetration resistance protection, this approach suffers from problems such as heavy weight and susceptibility to corrosion in marine environments, failing to meet the requirements for lightweight, versatility, and long service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the issue that penetration-resistant metal sheets cannot meet the requirements for lightweight, versatility, and long service life, this invention provides a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin sheet and its preparation method.

[0004] The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin sheet provided by this invention is used for impact and penetration protection of equipment or container surfaces. It utilizes the rigidity of the sheet itself to ensure the controllability of structural deformation when subjected to high-speed impact, and utilizes the flexibility of the sheet itself to absorb the impact energy of foreign objects such as shrapnel and fragments, ensuring that the sheet or internal materials are not penetrated by foreign objects.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] This invention provides a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board, comprising a rigid layer and a tough layer, wherein the tough layer is composited between the rigid layers. The rigid layer is used to ensure the structural rigidity of the board, and the tough layer is mainly used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the penetrator and prevent the board from being punctured.

[0007] The tough layer consists of flexible resin and a shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform; the rigid layer is connected to the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform via flexible resin. When the sheet is subjected to impact, energy is dissipated through the coordinated deformation and fracture of the tough high-performance fibers and the flexible resin.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rigid layer is laid on the upper surface and the lower surface, and there is an intermediate structure between the upper surface and the lower surface. The intermediate structure is laid in such a way that the tough layer and the rigid layer are laid alternately, and the tough layer is located on both sides.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface and the lower surface each have one rigid layer, and the intermediate structure is composed of four tough layers and three rigid layers laid alternately.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rigid layer is formed by molding high-strength fibers and thermosetting or thermoplastic resins through a mold, resin transfer molding, or vacuum injection molding.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rigid layer is composed of a high-strength fiber-reinforced resin material, and the material system of the rigid layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 60-70% high-strength fiber, 20-35% thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin, and 5-10% additives.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-strength fiber is selected from one or a combination of carbon fiber, glass fiber or basalt fiber.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermosetting resin is selected from one or a combination of epoxy resin, phenolic resin or acrylic resin.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the thermoplastic resin is selected from one or a combination of several of polyetheretherketone, polystyrene, or polyvinyl chloride.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adjuvant is selected from one or a combination of several of 1,3-cyclohexanedimethylamine, formaldehyde, or isocyanates.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is formed by die pressing and / or pultrusion using specialized process equipment.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is formed by pressing high-performance flexible fibers and flexible resin through a mold, resin transfer molding, or vacuum injection molding.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the material system of the tough layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: 20-35% flexible fiber, 60-70% flexible resin, and 5-10% curing agent;

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible fiber is selected from one or a combination of several of aramid fiber, polyester fiber or spandex.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible resin is selected from one or a combination of polyurethane, vinyl resin or flexible epoxy resin.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent is selected from one or a combination of several of HDI trimer, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, or polyamide.

[0022] This invention also provides a method for preparing a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step S1: Obtain a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform.

[0024] High-performance flexible fibers and flexible resins are selected and molded by pressing, resin transfer molding or vacuum injection molding to form a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform.

[0025] Step S2: Shape the high-performance fiber flexible resin preform using a mold to obtain the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform.

[0026] Step S3: Select high-strength fibers and thermosetting / thermoplastic resins, and mold them using a mold, resin transfer molding, or vacuum injection molding to obtain a rigid layer.

[0027] Step S4: The high-performance fiber flexible resin preform and the rigid layer are fixed in layers in the mold. The flexible resin is cured to form a tough layer, and the layers are combined to obtain a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the rigid layer is laid on the upper surface and the lower surface, and there is an intermediate structure between the upper surface and the lower surface. The intermediate structure is laid in such a way that the tough layer and the rigid layer are laid alternately, and the tough layer is located on both sides.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] In this invention, the penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board has a laminated structure, which can be formed by multiple rigid layers and multiple flexible layers according to the penetration energy the board needs to withstand and the designed thickness. The rigid layers are mainly used to maintain structural rigidity and prevent large-scale warping of the board. The flexible layers are mainly used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the penetrator and prevent the board from being punctured. The rigid layers are composed of high-strength fiber-reinforced resin, and the flexible layers are composed of shaped high-toughness fiber-reinforced resin. The external dimensions of the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board can be designed as needed, and the structural forms of the upper and lower surfaces and the internal structure can be designed according to the space where the product is used.

[0031] The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board of the present invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and good designability. Compared with metal materials such as steel plates and aluminum plates of the same thickness, the density of the board disclosed in the present invention is reduced by more than 30%, the penetration energy is increased by more than 20%, and the preparation process is cost-effective. It is suitable for use in conditions such as explosion and high-speed impact that require resistance to shrapnel and fragment impact.

[0032] In summary, the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin sheet of this invention has technical advantages such as lightweight, long service life, corrosion resistance, and wide applicability. It can meet the usage requirements of modern weaponry and equipment, including tight layout, complex operating environments, corrosion resistance, high reliability, and long service life. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laminated structure of the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board in Example 1;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the toughness layer structure in the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the state in Example 1 where the tough layer of the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board is penetrated and punctured by a foreign object.

[0036] In the figure, 1 is the rigid layer, 2 is the tough layer, 3 is the flexible resin, and 4 is the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] This invention provides a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board, comprising a rigid layer and a tough layer, wherein the tough layer is composited between the rigid layers. The rigid layer is used to ensure the structural rigidity of the board, and the tough layer is mainly used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the penetrator and prevent the board from being punctured.

[0039] The tough layer consists of flexible resin and a shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform; the rigid layer is connected to the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform via flexible resin. When the sheet is subjected to impact, energy is dissipated through the coordinated deformation and fracture of the tough high-performance fibers and the flexible resin.

[0040] The rigid layer is laid on the upper and lower surfaces, and there is an intermediate structure between the upper and lower surfaces. The intermediate structure is laid in such a way that the tough layer and the rigid layer are laid alternately, and the tough layer is located on both sides.

[0041] The rigid layer is formed by molding high-strength fibers and thermosetting or thermoplastic resins using a mold, resin transfer molding, or vacuum injection molding. The material system of the rigid layer comprises the following components by weight percentage: 60-70% carbon fiber, 20-35% epoxy resin, and 5-10% 1,3-cyclohexanedimethylamine.

[0042] The shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is formed by die pressing and / or pultrusion using specialized process equipment.

[0043] The material system of the toughening layer comprises the following components by mass percentage: aramid fiber 20-35%, polyurethane 60-70%, and HDI trimer 5-10%.

[0044] The external dimensions of rigid-flexible fiber composite resin boards can be designed according to needs, and the structural forms of the upper and lower surfaces and the internal structure are designed according to the space where the product is used.

[0045] The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board provided by this invention can utilize the rigidity of the board itself to ensure the controllability of structural deformation when subjected to high-speed airflow, and utilize the flexibility of the board itself to absorb the impact of foreign objects, ensuring that the board is not punctured by foreign objects and thus avoiding damage to objects on the other side.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board, comprising a rigid layer 1 and a tough layer 2, wherein the tough layer 2 is composited between the rigid layers 1. The rigid layers 1 are used to ensure the structural rigidity of the board, while the tough layer 2 is mainly used to dissipate the kinetic energy of the penetrating material and prevent the board from being punctured. The tough layer 2 is composed of flexible resin 3 and a shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4. The rigid layer 1 and the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 are connected by the flexible resin 3. When the board is subjected to impact, energy is dissipated through the coordinated deformation and fracture of the tough high-performance fibers and the flexible resin.

[0048] In this embodiment, the rigid layer 1 is laid on the upper and lower surfaces, with one rigid layer 1 on each of the upper and lower surfaces. The intermediate structure is composed of four layers of toughness layer 2 and three layers of rigid layer 1 laid alternately.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rigid layer 1 is formed by molding high-strength fibers and thermosetting or thermoplastic resin through mold pressing, resin transfer molding, or vacuum injection molding. In this embodiment, the rigid layer 1 is composed of high-strength fiber-reinforced resin material, and the material system of the rigid layer 1 contains the following components by mass percentage: 65% high-strength fibers (carbon fiber), 30% thermosetting resin (epoxy resin), and 5% additives (1,3-cyclohexanedimethylamine).

[0050] In this embodiment, the high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 is formed by pressing high-performance flexible fibers and flexible resin through a mold.

[0051] In this embodiment, the material system of the toughness layer 2 comprises the following components by mass percentage: 30% flexible fiber (aramid fiber), 65% flexible resin (polyurethane), and 5% curing agent (HDI trimer).

[0052] The method for preparing the penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S1: Obtain a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform.

[0054] High-performance flexible fibers and flexible resins are selected and molded by pressing, resin transfer molding or vacuum injection molding to form a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform.

[0055] Step S2: The high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is shaped using a mold to obtain the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4.

[0056] Step S3: Select high-strength fibers and thermosetting / thermoplastic resins and mold them by pressing, resin transfer molding or vacuum injection molding to obtain rigid layer 1.

[0057] Step S4: The high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 and the rigid layer 1 are fixed in layers in the mold. The flexible resin is cured to form the tough layer 2, and the layers are combined to obtain a penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board.

[0058] Further reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 is wavy. During preparation, the high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is shaped using a mold to obtain the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4. Then, the flexible resin 3 is directly injected into the cavity between the rigid layers 1 and wraps around the surface of the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4. If necessary, the interfacial bonding force between the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 and the flexible resin 3 can be increased by performing surface treatment on the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4.

[0059] Since the elongation at break of flexible resins is generally between 200% and 500%, while that of high-performance fibers is generally between 2% and 30%, the synergistic effect between the matrix resin and high-performance fibers is relatively small under stress. When the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform 4 is wavy, the high-performance fibers have greater space to move and can coordinate with the flexible resin in deformation over a wider range when the board is impacted by a foreign object. Synergistic effects can also exist between different flexible layers, increasing the impact energy absorbed by the board. (Reference) Figure 3 When a foreign object impacts the flexible resin preform 4 in the tough layer 2 of the board, the preform will undergo a certain deformation, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it can further consume the kinetic energy of the foreign object; and the flexible resin preform 4 will also change the impact direction of the foreign object to a certain extent, increase the length of the movement trajectory of the foreign object inside the board, and can also consume more of the impact kinetic energy of the foreign object.

[0060] The shaped Figure 1 The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board shown is installed on a tooling. The test foreign object acceleration device impacts the surface of the board with a foreign object at a set speed. If the board is not punctured, it meets the requirements.

[0061] The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board obtained in this embodiment was tested, and the density of the board was 1.30–1.35 g / cm³. 3 The material composition is approximately 50% that of aluminum alloy and 17% that of steel. Samples of the sheet metal underwent salt spray and mold tests according to GJB150a-2009 "Laboratory Environmental Testing Methods for Military Equipment," and the results showed no significant change in the appearance of the sheet metal. Products made from the sheet metal underwent high and low temperature performance tests according to the product's technical requirements. The test results confirmed that the material properties did not change significantly after long-term storage at -40℃ and 70℃.

[0062] Theoretically, the lifespan of the board is highly correlated with the lifespan of the matrix resin. Based on existing material experience, epoxy resin has the best aging resistance and the longest service life among several resins. Data shows that after 14 years of outdoor exposure, the tensile strength of epoxy resin decreases by 1.48%, and the impact strength decreases by 5.52%. Therefore, the rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board obtained in this embodiment should theoretically have a long service life.

[0063] The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board obtained in this embodiment underwent a simulated drop hammer penetration test (non-standard). The energy required for the drop hammer to penetrate a 10mm thick board is approximately 235J, while the energy required to penetrate a 10mm thick 5A06 aluminum alloy board under the same conditions is 176J. The test used a specially designed drop hammer, dropped from a fixed height of 1.5 meters, and the impact energy was adjusted by gradually increasing the weight of the drop hammer. Verification tests confirmed that… Figure 1 , Figure 2The rigid-flexible fiber composite resin sheet product with the structure shown meets the capability to stop a standard handgun bullet from penetrating it. Compared with metal materials such as aluminum alloys, it can improve impact resistance by about 20% while reducing material density by about 50%.

[0064] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel, characterized by, The application relates to a composite plate, which comprises rigid layers (1) and toughness layers (2) which are compounded between the rigid layers (1), the rigid layers (1) are used for guaranteeing the structural rigidity of the plate, and the toughness layers (2) are used for consuming the kinetic energy of a penetrating object and preventing the plate from being penetrated; The toughness layer (2) is composed of flexible resin (3) and shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4); the rigid layer (1) is connected with the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) through the flexible resin (3); when the plate is impacted, the energy is consumed through the coordinated deformation and fracture of the toughness high-performance fiber and the flexible resin; The rigid layer (1) is laid on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the upper surface and the lower surface are provided with an intermediate structure; the laying mode of the intermediate structure is that the toughness layer (2) and the rigid layer (1) are alternately laid, and the toughness layer (2) is located on both sides; the rigid layer (1) of the upper surface and the lower surface is provided with one layer respectively; the intermediate structure is composed of four toughness layers (2) and three rigid layers (1) which are alternately laid. The shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) is pressed through a mold and / or is formed through pultrusion; The shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is in a wave shape; When the foreign object impacts the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) in the toughness layer (2) of the plate, the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) is deformed, and the kinetic energy of the foreign object is further consumed; and the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) simultaneously changes the impact direction of the foreign object, increases the movement track length of the foreign object in the plate, and can further consume the impact kinetic energy of the foreign object.

2. The penetration resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel according to claim 1, wherein, The rigid layer (1) is formed through mold pressing or resin transfer molding or vacuum infusion molding by using high-strength fibers and thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin; The rigid layer (1) is composed of high-strength fiber reinforced resin material, and the material system of the rigid layer (1) comprises the following components in mass percentage: high-strength fiber 60-70%, thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin 20-35%, and auxiliary agent 5-10%.

3. The penetration resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel of claim 2, wherein, The high-strength fiber is selected from one or a combination of carbon fiber, glass fiber or basalt fiber; The thermosetting resin is selected from one or a combination of epoxy resin, phenolic resin or acrylic resin; The thermoplastic resin is selected from one or a combination of polyether ether ketone, polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride; The auxiliary agent is selected from one or a combination of 1,3 cyclohexanedimethylamine, formaldehyde or isocyanate.

4. The penetration resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel of claim 1, wherein, The material system of the toughness layer (2) comprises the following components in mass percentage: flexible fiber 20-35%, flexible resin 60-70% and curing agent 5-10%.

5. The penetration resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel of claim 4, wherein, The flexible fiber is selected from one or a combination of aramid fiber, polyester fiber or spandex; The flexible resin is selected from one or a combination of polyurethane, vinyl resin or flexible epoxy resin; The curing agent is selected from one or a combination of HDI trimer, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide or polyamide.

6. The method of making the penetration resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin panel of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The application further discloses a preparation method of the composite plate, which comprises the following steps: Step S1, obtaining a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform: The high-performance flexible fiber and flexible resin are selected and molded by mold pressing or resin transfer molding or vacuum infusion molding to form a high-performance fiber flexible resin preform; Step S2, the high-performance fiber flexible resin preform is shaped using a mold to obtain a shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4); Step S3, high-strength fibers and thermosetting / thermoplastic resins are selected and molded by mold pressing or resin transfer molding or vacuum infusion molding to obtain a rigid layer (1) Step S4, the shaped high-performance fiber flexible resin preform (4) and the rigid layer (1) are fixed in layers in the mold, the toughness layer (2) is formed by curing the flexible resin, and the penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin plate is obtained by combining the layers.

7. The method for preparing the penetration-resistant rigid-flexible fiber composite resin board according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the rigid layer (1) is laid on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the intermediate structure is between the upper surface and the lower surface, the laying mode of the intermediate structure is that the toughness layer (2) and the rigid layer (1) are laid alternately, and the toughness layer (2) is located on both sides.

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