An emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen pipeline

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization and discloses an emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen transmission pipeline. By means of a full-path parallel water circuit and a closed cycle, the purpose of quickly eliminating the fire caused by possible hydrogen leakage is achieved. The entire device rotates through a bearing-type support sleeve, and uses the self-gravity of water flow to complete the switching of water injection and drainage. Compared with the prior art, it has the characteristics of intensification, safety, high feasibility, fast response time, no water loss, and can be recycled repeatedly, and is suitable for the anti-leakage emergency guarantee work of horizontally arranged hydrogen transmission pipelines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen energy utilization, and specifically discloses an emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen transmission pipeline. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is the lightest element in nature and has a wide range of uses, almost covering all fields of the national economy. With the increasing depletion of non-renewable fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, and the high pollution of such energy sources themselves, hydrogen, as a clean and renewable energy source, will surely have great application prospects. Therefore, pioneering research needs to be carried out in aspects such as hydrogen production technology, hydrogen storage materials, and hydrogen energy utilization.

[0003] Hydrogen is a flammable and explosive gas, with strong penetration and high diffusivity. It is easy to leak in an open space. Once it accumulates to a certain concentration and encounters a spark, it can cause combustion or explosion. In the hydrogen production and hydrogenation system, there are a large number of hydrogen transmission / storage pipelines or tube trailers for hydrogen storage, with a long distribution distance. Moreover, long-distance hydrogen transmission / storage pipelines are mostly welded and are equipped with various pipe fittings such as pipe elbows and tees. Therefore, for hydrogen transmission / storage or hydrogen storage pipelines with high internal pressure, how to safely and reliably prevent and extinguish hydrogen leakage to avoid safety accidents is particularly important for the safe production and use of hydrogen.

[0004] Hydrogen transmission pipelines generally adopt an open layout. However, when hydrogen starts to leak at a certain point in the pipeline, it is generally difficult to detect. In case of ignition due to static electricity or open fire, the high-pressure hydrogen is released at a high speed and burns violently, making it difficult to quickly extinguish, which is likely to cause the leakage or the fire area to expand, further exacerbating the fire accident.

[0005] After each emergency disposal, the site is in a mess and needs to be cleaned up before normal hydrogen transmission can resume. The water resources consumed during the disposal process are often difficult to recycle.

[0006] Therefore, how to quickly carry out emergency disposal when leakage occurs, reduce intermediate links, and enable the reuse of water resources is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides an emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen transmission pipeline, and the specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0008] It includes a fire protection sleeve sleeved outside the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The fire protection sleeve is cylindrical, coaxial with the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and is internally equipped with a hydrogen leakage detection device. Both the top side and the bottom side are axially provided with through slots, and are lined with a bearing type support sleeve with the hydrogen transmission pipeline as the axis. The bearing type support sleeve is circumferentially alternately divided into an open barrel body and a closed barrel body, and each open barrel body is radially opposite to the closed barrel body, enabling the fire protection sleeve to rotate relative to the bearing type support sleeve. When one side of the through slot is connected to the open barrel body, the other side of the through slot can be closed by the closed barrel body; on the outer walls of the top and bottom side pipe walls of the fire protection sleeve, there are water pipes parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The two water pipes are respectively connected and integrated with the fire protection sleeve at the two through slots, forming a water injection pipe cavity that can rotate around the hydrogen transmission pipeline. On both pipe walls of the water pipe far from the axis of the hydrogen transmission pipeline, there are collection and discharge ports, and the collection and discharge ports are normally closed and only open when receiving a discharge instruction; it also includes a control cabinet, a reset mechanism for driving the rotation of the water injection pipe cavity, and an opening and closing mechanism for driving the rotation of the bearing type support sleeve. The hydrogen leakage detection device, the collection and discharge port, the opening and closing mechanism, and the reset mechanism are respectively in communication connection with the control cabinet.

[0009] This design enables the water in the upper water pipe to flow into the fire protection sleeve under the action of its own gravity during emergency disposal, completing the full immersion of the hydrogen transmission pipeline. Since hydrogen is insoluble in water and has a relatively small density, it preferentially rises and enters the hydrogen collection container through the opened collection and discharge port for further treatment, avoiding accidents caused by leaked hydrogen at the production site. After the hydrogen source is cut off, the bearing type support sleeve can be rotated to allow the stored water in the fire protection sleeve to flow into the lower water pipe under the action of its own gravity, filtering out impurities in the water through the collection and discharge port at the lower part, and then rotating the bearing type support sleeve to close the channel from the lower water pipe to the fire protection sleeve, and rotating the water injection pipe cavity and the bearing type support sleeve therein together by 180 degrees, so that the full water lower water pipe rotates to the upper part of the hydrogen transmission pipeline for the next use. This enables the reuse of emergency disposal water resources through simple operations, ensuring both the safety of hydrogen transmission operations and being more environmentally friendly.

[0010] Preferably, the water pipe or the fire protection sleeve is made of a transparent material.

[0011] The transparent material allows monitoring personnel to promptly discover whether the water flow channel is blocked, facilitating maintenance.

[0012] Preferably, the volume of any one of the water pipes ≥ the volume of the cavity between the inner wall of the fire protection sleeve and the outer wall of the hydrogen transmission pipeline.

[0013] This can ensure that the hydrogen transmission pipeline is completely immersed in water when hydrogen leakage occurs.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing type support sleeve is circumferentially equally divided into 6 barrel bodies, and the barrel bodies are alternately arranged as open barrel bodies and closed barrel bodies, and the dividing line between adjacent barrel bodies is parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline.

[0015] The 60-degree arc surface can not only ensure the complete enclosure of the through groove, but also make the rotation process consume not too much electric energy. In case of emergency, the bearing-type support sleeve can also be rotated manually.

[0016] Preferably, a magnetic centering structure is provided between the bearing-type support sleeve and the fire sleeve, which can align the groove and the hole when the through groove is connected to the open-ended cylinder body.

[0017] This design structurally ensures that the groove and the hole are aligned on one side and completely enclosed on the other side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the front view of the structure of the hydrogen leakage emergency disposal system of the horizontal hydrogen pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic vertical sectional view of the A-A of the emergency treatment system of the middle hydrogen pipeline;

[0020] In the figure: 1. Hydrogen pipeline; 2. Fire sleeve; 3. Water pipe; 4. Bearing-type support sleeve; 5. Collection and discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of an emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen transmission pipeline of the present invention includes: a fire protection sleeve 2 sleeved outside the hydrogen transmission pipeline 1. The fire protection sleeve 2 is cylindrical, coaxial with the hydrogen transmission pipeline 1, made of transparent PVC pipe material, with a diameter matching the outer diameter of a 45 Mpa hydrogen transmission pipeline (generally 15 mm), and an inner diameter of 60 mm to 80 mm; a hydrogen leakage detection device is installed inside, and through grooves are axially opened on both the top side and the bottom side. It is lined with a bearing-type support sleeve 4 with the hydrogen transmission pipeline as the axis. The bearing-type support sleeve is circumferentially alternately divided into an open barrel body and a closed barrel body. Each open barrel body is radially opposite to the closed barrel body, so that the fire protection sleeve and the bearing-type support sleeve 4 rotate relative to each other. When one of the through grooves is connected to the open barrel body, the other through groove can be closed by the closed barrel body; a magnetic centering structure is provided between the bearing-type support sleeve and the fire protection sleeve. In this example, the bearing-type support sleeve is circumferentially equally divided into 6 barrel bodies, including 3 open barrel bodies and 3 closed barrel bodies arranged alternately. The dividing line between adjacent barrel bodies is parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline.

[0023] Water pipes 3 parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline 1 are provided on the outer walls of the top side and the bottom side of the fire protection sleeve 2, and are laid along the entire hydrogen transmission pipeline 1. The two water pipes 3 are made of transparent PVC, and are respectively connected to the fire protection sleeve at the two through grooves to form a water injection pipe cavity that can rotate around the hydrogen transmission pipeline 1. The inner diameter of any one of the water pipes 3 is 75 mm. Collection and discharge ports 5 are provided on the two side walls of the water pipe 3 far from the axis of the hydrogen transmission pipeline 1. The collection and discharge ports are normally closed and only open when receiving a discharge command.

[0024] In addition, a control cabinet, a reset mechanism for driving the rotation of the water injection pipe cavity, and an opening and closing mechanism for driving the rotation of the bearing-type support sleeve are also provided. The hydrogen leakage detection device, the collection and discharge port 5, the opening and closing mechanism, and the reset mechanism are respectively communicatively connected to the control cabinet.

[0025] Under normal conditions, the upper water pipe 3 is in a water-filled state, and the water volume meets the condition that the hydrogen transmission pipeline is fully immersed in the fire protection sleeve 2. The lower water pipe 3 is in a hollow state. The passage between the upper water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is closed, and the passage between the lower water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is opened. When a risk triggers a fire protection action, the opening and closing mechanism rotates the bearing type support sleeve 4 by 60 degrees. The passage between the upper water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is opened, and the passage between the lower water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is closed. Water quickly injects into the main fire protection sleeve along the through groove and the perforated cylinder body. The leaked hydrogen flows out through the collection and discharge port 5 on the upper water pipe 3 under the action of water pressure and is collected uniformly for harmless treatment. After the danger is eliminated, the opening and closing mechanism rotates the bearing type support sleeve 4 by 60 degrees. The passage between the upper water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is closed, and the passage between the lower water pipe 3 and the fire protection sleeve 2 is opened. Water quickly injects into the lower water pipe 3 along the perforated cylinder body and the through groove. The impurities in the water are filtered and discharged through the collection and discharge port 5 on the lower water pipe 3. The opening and closing mechanism and the reset mechanism simultaneously control the bearing type support sleeve 4 and the fire protection sleeve 2 to rotate 180° in the same direction and lock in position, and the entire system returns to the normal state again. Except for impurity discharge in the entire cycle working condition, the fire protection water is mainly in a closed cycle, can be recycled multiple times, and is highly water-saving.

[0026] In addition, since the present invention adopts non-pressure fire protection water, both the fire protection sleeve and the parallel water circuit can adopt transparent polyvinyl chloride pipes, and the sealing condition of the pipeline can be checked in the fire protection and preventive detection modes, so as to achieve active prevention and eliminate potential risks.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency disposal system for hydrogen leakage in a horizontal hydrogen pipeline, characterized in that: Comprising a fire protection sleeve sleeved outside a hydrogen transmission pipeline, the fire protection sleeve is cylindrical and coaxial with the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a hydrogen leakage detection device is installed inside. Through grooves are axially provided on both the top side and the bottom side, and a bearing-type support sleeve with the hydrogen transmission pipeline as the axis is lined. The bearing-type support sleeve is circumferentially alternately divided into an open-hole barrel body and a closed barrel body, and each open-hole barrel body is radially opposite to the closed barrel body, so that the fire protection sleeve and the bearing-type support sleeve rotate relatively. When one of the through grooves is connected to the open-hole barrel body, the other through groove can be closed by the closed barrel body; Water pipes parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline are provided on the outer walls of the top side and the bottom side of the fire protection sleeve. The two water pipes are respectively communicated with the fire protection sleeve at the two through grooves to form a water injection pipe cavity that can rotate around the hydrogen transmission pipeline. Collection and discharge ports are provided on the two side walls of the water pipe far from the axis of the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The collection and discharge ports are normally closed and only open when receiving a discharge instruction; It also includes a control cabinet, a reset mechanism for driving the rotation of the water injection pipe cavity, and an opening and closing mechanism for driving the rotation of the bearing-type support sleeve. The hydrogen leakage detection device, the collection and discharge port, the opening and closing mechanism, and the reset mechanism are respectively communicatively connected to the control cabinet; The water pipe or the fire protection sleeve is made of a transparent material; The volume of any one of the water pipes ≥ the volume of the cavity between the inner wall of the fire protection sleeve and the outer wall of the hydrogen transmission pipeline; The bearing-type support sleeve is circumferentially equally divided into 6 barrel bodies, and the barrel bodies are alternately arranged as open-hole barrel bodies and closed barrel bodies. The dividing line between adjacent barrel bodies is parallel to the hydrogen transmission pipeline; A magnetic centering structure is provided between the bearing-type support sleeve and the fire protection sleeve, which can make the through groove and the open-hole barrel body aligned when the through groove is connected to the open-hole barrel body.

Images