Real-time energy change prediction method and system for electric arc furnace steelmaking process

Abstract

The application discloses an electric arc furnace steelmaking process real-time energy change prediction method and system, and establishes mathematical relations of each energy input and output, controls process energy change trends, establishes a process energy model, calculates each energy input and output in a preset period through calculation of electric arc furnace steelmaking melting input energy and initial temperature, obtains a theoretical model of online real-time calculation of electric arc furnace steelmaking process energy and process temperature in combination with mathematical relations of energy changes in the period, plays a role of process monitoring and result prediction, and improves production efficiency of a steel plant.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric arc furnace steelmaking, in particular to a real-time energy change prediction method and system for electric arc furnace steelmaking process. BACKGROUND

[0002] The reaction in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is complex, and the input and output of various energies are difficult to monitor. Workers can only rely on experience or use single data collection to monitor and analyze the furnace conditions, which is difficult to achieve efficient smelting. How to analyze the energy composition in the furnace and achieve efficient use of input energy to reduce the energy consumption of the electric arc furnace process is also an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, a practical and effective method is needed to predict the energy and temperature changes in real time. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a real-time energy change prediction method and system for electric arc furnace steelmaking process, which is used to solve the problem that the existing data collection method is difficult to monitor the energy change in the furnace in real time.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the present application is as follows:

[0005] A real-time energy change prediction method for electric arc furnace steelmaking process, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: According to the composition and temperature of the initial metal charge, the melting energy and melting temperature under the initial condition are calculated;

[0007] S2: According to the oxygen supply amount collected in the current period, and combined with the element reaction heat release sequence of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the chemical reaction heat in the current period is calculated;

[0008] S3: According to the collected power supply, carbon powder and natural gas usage, the energy input of the electrode power supply, carbon powder chemical energy and natural gas chemical energy in the current period is calculated respectively;

[0009] S4: The energy output of the slag, furnace gas, smoke dust, liquid iron beads mixed in the liquid slag and metal spatter discharged outside the furnace in the current period is calculated respectively;

[0010] S5: The energy output of the heat loss in the current period is calculated;

[0011] S6: The energy input and output of S1 to S5 in the current period is calculated, and the smelting energy change value and the current steel liquid temperature are calculated;

[0012] S7: The real-time steel liquid temperature and the input and output composition of the smelting energy of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process are output.

[0013] Preferably, the S1 is realized by the following formula:

[0014] The initial energy of the molten clean is:

[0015]

[0016] wherein Q Ini is the initial energy of the molten clean, in kJ; is the initial physical heat of the molten iron, in kJ; is the initial physical heat of the scrap steel, in kJ;

[0017] wherein the calculation formula of the initial physical heat of the molten iron in the initial state is:

[0018]

[0019] wherein m HM is the weight of the molten iron into the furnace, in kg; is the specific heat capacity of the pig iron, in kJ / (kg·℃); is the melting point of the molten iron, in ℃; 25 represents the room temperature, in ℃; is the latent heat of liquefaction of the molten iron, in kJ / kg; is the specific heat capacity of the molten iron, in kJ / (kg·℃); T HM is the temperature of the molten iron into the furnace, in ℃.

[0020] wherein the calculation formula of the initial physical heat of the scrap steel in the initial state is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] wherein, is the specific heat capacity of the scrap steel, in kJ / (kg·℃); T scrap is the temperature of the scrap steel before entering the furnace, in ℃; 25 represents the room temperature, in ℃; m Scrap is the weight of the scrap steel into the furnace, in kg;

[0023] wherein the weight of the scrap steel into the furnace is calculated by the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] wherein m Scrap is the total mass of the scrap steel added, in kg, m p is the mass of the pth scrap steel, is the mass conversion coefficient of the pth scrap steel relative to the ideal scrap steel, in %;

[0026] The initial temperature of the molten clean is:

[0027]

[0028] wherein, T is the temperature of the molten steel liquid, in °C; C Steel Cp is the specific heat capacity of the steel liquid, in J / (Kg·°C); wherein M is the mass of the molten steel liquid, in kg, and said is calculated by the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] wherein, δ represents the molten steel coefficient of the steel liquid.

[0031] Preferably, the S2 is achieved by the following steps:

[0032] S21, calculating the molten component of each element component:

[0033]

[0034] wherein, w ori [i] is the component content before the start of the current period of the i element, in %, i is C, Si, Mn or P element, and n is the serial number of the metal material; m n Mn is the mass of the metal material n, in kg; w ori [i] n is the content of the i element corresponding to the metal material n.

[0035] S22, combining the element reaction exothermic order and the balance relationship of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, determining the oxidizing element (Si, Mn, P or C) in the current period, and calculating the chemical reaction heat of the element in the current period;

[0036] In the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the balance relationship and enthalpy value of each element oxidation reaction are as follows:

[0037] Δh C-Co = 11639 kJ / kg

[0038] C + O2= CO2

[0039] Si + O2= SiO2

[0040] ΔH Mn-MnO = 6594 kJ / kg

[0041] ΔH Fe-FeO = 4250 kJ / kg

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] ΔH C-CO represents the heat enthalpy value of C element oxidation into CO, unit: kJ / kg; represents the heat enthalpy value of C element oxidation into CO2, unit: kJ / kg; represents the heat enthalpy value of Si element oxidation into SiO2, unit: kJ / kg; ΔH Mn-MnO represents the heat enthalpy value of Mn element oxidation into MnO, unit: kJ / kg; ΔH Fe-FeO represents the heat enthalpy value of Fe element oxidation into FeO, unit: kJ / kg; represents the heat enthalpy value of Fe element oxidation into Fe2O3, unit: kJ / kg; represents the heat enthalpy value of P element oxidation, unit: kJ / kg;

[0045] According to the above reaction equilibrium formula, the mass of element oxidation and the element composition change trend in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process are as follows:

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, is the mass change trend of each element composition in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, unit: kg, i takes the value of C, Si, Mn, Fe or P element; represents the oxygen volume participating in the chemical reaction in the current period, unit: Nm 3 ; k c represents the coefficient of incomplete oxidation of C element into CO, which is 0.9 according to production experience; k Fe represents the coefficient of incomplete oxidation of Fe element into FeO, which is 0.9 according to production experience; each period is short, which can be considered as mainly reacting with one element, and other element reactions are less, which can be ignored in the current period, that is, only one mass change in formula (2-2)~(2-6) is calculated;

[0052] The chemical reaction exothermic calculation formula of each element is:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] wherein Q rea-i represents the chemical heat released in the oxidation of element i in the current cycle of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, in kJ, i is C, Si, Mn, Fe or P; each cycle is short, and can be considered to mainly involve oxidation of one element, and the reactions of other elements account for a small proportion, which can be ignored in the current cycle, i.e. only the heat released in one reaction is calculated in formula (2-2) to (2-6);

[0059] According to the above chemical reaction equation, the heat released in the chemical reactions of elements in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is:

[0060] ΔQ rea = ΔQ rea-C + ΔQ rea-Si + ΔQ rea-Mn + ΔQ rea-P + ΔQ rea-Fe (2-12)

[0061] wherein ΔQ rea represents the total heat released in the oxidation of elements in the current cycle of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, in kJ;

[0062] Preferably, S3 is realized by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] wherein ΔQ ele represents the electrical energy provided by the electrode in the current cycle, in kJ; P represents the power of the electrode, in kW; t ele represents the length of time for which the electrode is powered in the current cycle, in s; represents the power utilization coefficient, which is determined according to the working state of the electrode in the current cycle; m Carbon represents the mass of carbon powder added in the current cycle, in kg; ΔQ c represents the chemical energy provided by the combustion of carbon powder in the current cycle, in kJ; w c represents the content of C in the carbon powder, in %; k'c represents the incomplete combustion coefficient of carbon powder combustion to produce CO, usually 0.6; represents the chemical energy provided by natural gas in the current period, in kJ; represents the amount of natural gas used in the current period, in Nm 3 CH4 represents the heat enthalpy value of natural gas, in kJ / Nm 3 .

[0067] Preferably, the S4 is realized by the following formula,

[0068] S41, determine the slag quality change trend of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, and calculate the physical heat of the high-temperature liquid slag according to the slag quality change trend; according to the selective oxidation law in the molten pool, set the oxygen blowing sequence in each period to react with only one of Si, Mn, Fe or P.

[0069] wherein the slag quality change trend of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is:

[0070]

[0071]

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, represents the increase of SiO2 in the slag in the current period, in kg; represents the increase of MnO in the slag in the current period, in kg; represents the increase of Fe oxide in the slag in the current period, in kg; represents the increase of P oxide in the slag in the current period, in kg; Δm slag represents the increase of the slag in the current period, in kg; each period is short, and can be considered to mainly react with one element, and the reaction of other elements accounts for a small proportion, which can be ignored in the current period, that is, only the change of the slag amount of one element is calculated in formula (2-2) to (2-6);

[0076] The calculation formula of the physical heat of the high-temperature liquid slag is shown in formula (4-6):

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, ΔQ slag ​Physical heat of the slag in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Specific heat capacity of the solid slag, unit: kJ / (kg·℃); Specific heat capacity of the slag, unit: kJ / (kg·℃); Latent heat of liquefaction of the slag, unit: kJ; Melting point of the slag, unit: ℃; 25 represents room temperature, unit: ℃; T slag Temperature of the current slag, unit: ℃;

[0079] S42, if the current cycle oxidation element is C, the amount of carbon oxide generated can be used to determine the quality of the furnace gas, and the physical heat carried by the furnace gas can be calculated according to the quality of the furnace gas, if the main element of the oxidation module in the molten pool is not C, the increase of carbon oxide caused by the oxidation of C content in the molten pool is not calculated;

[0080] Wherein, the formula for calculating the quality of the furnace gas is shown in formula (4-7):

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, Δm gas Amount of the furnace gas generated in the current cycle, unit: kg; Consumption of oxygen, unit: Nm 3 ; k c Incomplete oxidation coefficient of C element converted into CO, 0.9 is taken according to production experience; Rec FeO Mass of FeO participating in the reaction, unit: kg, only CO is generated in this module; m Carbon Mass of carbon powder added, unit: kg; w c C content in carbon powder, unit: %; k' c Incomplete combustion coefficient of carbon powder to produce CO, usually 0.6;

[0083] The furnace gas leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue is called flue gas, and the formula for calculating the physical heat is shown in (4-8):

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, ΔQ gas Physical heat leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Specific heat capacity of the flue gas, unit: kJ / (kg·℃); T gas Temperature of the flue gas in the flue, unit: ℃; 25 represents room temperature, unit: ℃;

[0086] S43, determine the quality of the smoke, and calculate the physical heat carried by the smoke according to the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] wherein: represents the physical heat carried by the smoke dust in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the smoke dust mass in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the specific heat capacity of the smoke dust, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃); dust represents the temperature of the smoke dust in the flue, with the unit of ℃; 25 represents the room temperature, with the unit of ℃; represents the latent heat of vaporization of the smoke dust, with the unit of kJ / kg;

[0089] S44, the mass of the liquid iron bead escaping from the molten steel to the steel slag is determined, and the physical heat carried by the liquid iron bead is calculated according to the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] wherein: represents the physical heat carried by the liquid iron bead in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the mass of the iron bead escaping from the molten steel to the steel slag in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the specific heat capacity of the solid iron block, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃); represents the specific heat capacity of the liquid iron bead in the slag, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃); represents the latent heat of liquefaction of the liquid iron bead, with the unit of kJ / kg; represents the melting point of the iron bead, with the unit of ℃; 25 represents the room temperature, with the unit of ℃; T slag-Fe represents the temperature of the liquid iron bead when the slag flows out of the furnace door, with the unit of ℃;

[0092] S45, the mass of the metal spatter to the outside of the furnace in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is determined, and the high-temperature physical heat carried by the metal spatter to the outside of the furnace is calculated according to the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] wherein, represents the physical heat carried by the spatter to the outside of the furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ;

[0095] represents the mass of the spatter to the outside of the furnace in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the specific heat capacity of the solid spatter metal, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃); represents the specific heat capacity of the liquid spatter metal in the slag, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃);

[0096] Liq. latent heat of liquid splat metal, kJ / kg Tmelt melting point of splat metal, °C; 25 room temperature, °C; T splash T temperature of splat metal, °C.

[0097] Preferably, S5 is realized by the following equation:

[0098]

[0099] wherein, Qmass heat loss of mass transfer in EAF during current cycle, kJ; Qin energy input to system during current cycle, kJ; αcoefficient of heat loss of mass transfer in EAF, usually 2-4% according to production experience and furnace condition;

[0100] Qin energy input to system during current cycle, kJ;

[0101]

[0102] wherein, ΔQ rea Qelox heat release from oxidation of elements in EAF during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ ele Qelec power provided by electrode during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ c Qcarb chemical energy provided by carbon powder combustion during current cycle, kJ; Qgas chemical energy provided by natural gas during current cycle, kJ;

[0103] S61, calculate the amount of energy change in EAF during current cycle by the following equation:

[0104]

[0105] wherein, ΔQ amount of energy change in EAF during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ rea Qelox heat release from oxidation of elements in EAF during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ ele Qelec power provided by electrode during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ c Qcarb chemical energy provided by carbon powder combustion during current cycle, kJ; Qgas chemical energy provided by natural gas during current cycle, kJ; Qout physical heat carried out of EAF during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ gas Qout physical heat carried out of EAF during current cycle, kJ; ΔQ slagPhysical heat carried by the slag in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Physical heat carried by the dust in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Physical heat carried by the splashing out of the furnace in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Mass transfer heat loss in the current cycle of the EAF steelmaking process, unit: kJ.

[0106] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0107] S62, calculating the mass of the molten steel in the cycle of the EAF steelmaking process, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, Mass of the molten steel in the EAF steelmaking process, unit: kg; Mass of the molten clean steel, unit: kg; Mass change trend of each element in the EAF steelmaking process, wherein i=C, Si, Mn, Fe, P, unit: kg; m slag Mass of the slag, unit: kg; m gas Mass of the furnace gas, unit: kg; m slag-Fe Mass of the liquid iron beads transferred to the slag, unit: kg; m splash Mass of the liquid splashing metal, unit: kg;

[0110] S63, calculating the temperature of the EAF steelmaking process according to the following formula:

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, T steel Temperature of the EAF steelmaking process, unit: ℃; Temperature of the molten steel before the start of the current cycle, unit: ℃; ΔQ represents the change in energy in the EAF in the current cycle, unit: kJ; Mass of the molten steel in the EAF steelmaking process, unit: kg; C Steel Specific heat capacity of the current molten steel, unit: kJ / (kg·℃).

[0113] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0114] S7, calculating the real-time energy input or output of the EAF steelmaking according to the energy input or output calculated according to any one of S1-S5, by any one of the following formulas:

[0115]

[0116]

[0117]

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Q = Q + Q rea Q = Q + Q ele Q = Q + Q C Q = Q + Q Q = Q + Q slag Q = Q + Q gas Q = Q + Q phy-dust Q = Q + Q phy-slag-Fe Q = Q + Q phy-splash Q = Q + Q Q = Q + Q

[0126] Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0127] After the calculation and output of the real-time energy input and output of the electric arc furnace and the temperature of the molten steel, it is determined whether the smelting is finished. If the smelting is not finished, the period of 1 s is updated, and then step 2 is returned to be cycled with the preset period. If the smelting is finished, the composition of the terminal energy and the terminal temperature are outputted.

[0128] A computer system comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.

[0129] The present application has the following advantages:

[0130] The present application establishes the mathematical relationship of each energy input and output, controls the energy change trend, establishes the process energy model, calculates the change rule of each energy input and output in the preset period, obtains a theoretical model for online calculation of the energy and temperature of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process by combining the energy change mathematical relationship in the period, plays a role in process monitoring and result prediction, and improves the production efficiency of the steel plant.

[0131] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0132] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate the preferred embodiments of the application and assist in the explanation of the application. In the drawings:

[0133] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the real-time energy change prediction method of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process in the preferred embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0134] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as limited and covered by the claims.

[0135] Embodiment:

[0136] The research solution of the present application is to establish the mathematical relationship of each energy input and output according to the energy trend and change trend of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, construct the electric arc furnace steelmaking energy model, calculate the energy and temperature of the electric arc furnace steelmaking by taking 1S as a period, use the method of cyclic operation to calculate the change of each energy input and output in the period, combine the thermodynamic conditions of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process and the digital relationship of the energy change in the period, obtain a theoretical model for online calculation of the energy and temperature of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, and provide a method with practical application value for real-time energy and temperature prediction of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process. As shown in the figure, it comprises the following steps: Figure 1

[0137] ​S1: According to the initial molten iron, scrap steel and other metal material composition and temperature, the initial condition of the melting energy and melting temperature is calculated. The melting energy calculated by S1 is 94785712 kJ; the melting temperature is 1202.5℃; the molten steel quality is 112765 kg.

[0138] The calculation formula of the initial state of molten iron physical heat and scrap steel is:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, The initial physical heat of molten iron is kJ; m HM The weight of molten iron is 80000 kg; The specific heat capacity of pig iron is 0.745 kJ / (kg·℃); The melting point of molten iron is 1115.8℃; 25 represents room temperature, unit: ℃; The latent heat of molten iron is 218 kJ / kg; The specific heat capacity of molten iron is 0.837 kJ / (kg·℃); T HM The temperature of molten iron is 1300℃;

[0141]

[0142] In the formula, The initial physical heat of scrap steel is kJ; m Scrap The weight of scrap steel is kg, taking 38700 kg; The specific heat capacity of scrap steel is kJ / (kg·℃); T scrap The temperature of scrap steel before entering the furnace is ℃, taking the scrap steel entering the furnace temperature as 25℃, then

[0143] Therefore, the initial energy of melting is:

[0144]

[0145] In the formula, Q Ini The initial energy of melting is kJ;

[0146] The molten steel quality is calculated. Since the molten iron and scrap steel are mixed after entering the furnace, the mass will change, so δ is introduced as a mass correction coefficient:

[0147]

[0148] In the formula, The molten steel quality is kg; δ represents the melting coefficient of molten steel, taking 0.95;

[0149] Thus the initial temperature of the molten clean can be obtained:

[0150]

[0151] wherein is the temperature of the molten clean, in ℃; C Steel is the specific heat capacity of the molten steel, taken as 0.699 kJ / (kg·℃).

[0152] S2: According to the molten clean composition after the steel and iron materials are mixed uniformly, the element reaction exothermic sequence and the balance relationship in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the chemical reaction heat in the current period is calculated. The molten clean composition and the chemical reaction heat calculated according to S2 are shown in Table 1. The total element oxidation exothermic quantity in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process after 30 periods (30 s) is 4496232 kJ.

[0153] wherein the molten clean composition calculation formula in the S2 step is:

[0154]

[0155] wherein w Ini [i] is the molten clean composition of i element, %; i is C, Si, Mn, P, Fe element, m n is the mass of the metal material n, n is scrap steel, molten iron and other metal raw materials; w Ini [i] n is the content of i element corresponding to the metal material n. First, the initial molten clean steel composition is obtained, and the calculation results are shown in Table 1.

[0156] Table 1 Change of molten steel composition and chemical reaction heat in the first 30 s after starting oxygen supply

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] In the first 30 s period of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the average oxygen supply rate of the 5 oxygen lances is 246 Nm 3 / min, that is, the oxygen supply amount in 30 periods is 123 Nm 3 , combined with the element reaction exothermic sequence and the balance relationship in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the main oxidation element in the current period is determined to be Si, and the reaction of the remaining elements is small and can be ignored. The balance relationship and the enthalpy value are as follows:

[0160] Si + O2 = SiO2

[0161] in the reaction formula represents the enthalpy value of the oxidation of Si element to SiO2, in kJ / kg; ΔHMn-MnO represents the heat value of Mn element oxidation to MnO, unit: kJ / kg.

[0162] According to the above reaction equilibrium relationship, the element oxidation mass and element composition change trend in the first 30 cycles are as follows:

[0163]

[0164] According to the above chemical reaction equation, the element chemical reaction heat release in the arc furnace steelmaking process is:

[0165] ΔQ rea = 153.97 x 29202 = 4496232 kJ (2-3)

[0166] In the formula, Q rea represents the total element oxidation heat release in the arc furnace steelmaking in the current cycle, kJ.

[0167] S3: Calculate the current cycle "electricity-carbon-gas" energy input, respectively calculate the input of electrode power, carbon powder chemical energy and natural gas chemical energy in the cycle, the "electricity-carbon-gas" energy change in the arc furnace steelmaking in 30 cycles (30s) is ΔQ ele = 367693 kJ, ΔQ c = 376506 kJ,

[0168] The total power supply in the 30 cycles is 139 kwh, and 20 kg of carbon powder is added, wherein the input of electrode power, carbon powder chemical energy and natural gas chemical energy in the cycle is calculated, the formula is shown in (3-1) ~ (3-3):

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] In the formula, ΔQ ele represents the electric energy provided by the power supply electrode in the current cycle, unit: kJ; P represents the power supply electrode power, unit: kW; t ele represents the time length of the current cycle power supply, unit: s; represents the power supply utilization coefficient, which is 0.732 according to the current cycle electrode working state; m Carbon represents the mass of carbon powder added in the current cycle, unit: kg; ΔQ c represents the chemical energy provided by the carbon powder combustion in the current cycle, unit: kJ; w c represents the content of C in the carbon powder, unit: %; k' c represents the incomplete combustion coefficient of carbon powder combustion to produce CO, which is 0.6.

[0172] S4, S5: Calculate the "gold-slag-gas" energy output and heat loss energy output in the current period. The physical heat ΔQ slag of high-temperature liquid slag in the first 30 periods is 553138 kJ; the physical heat ΔQ gas of flue gas leaving the electric arc furnace is respectively calculated as 83604 kJ, the physical heat carried by the smoke dust is 52106 kJ, the high-temperature physical heat carried by liquid iron beads mixed in the liquid slag is 18203 kJ, the high-temperature physical heat carried by process metal spatter is 22089 kJ, and the heat loss is 157213 kJ.

[0173] The oxides formed by the oxidation of inclusions in the metal charge by the oxidizing agent in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process are called slag, and the slag is discharged outside the furnace through the furnace door during the smelting process, thereby affecting the total quality of the steel liquid. The slag quality change trend of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is:

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] In the formula, represents the increase of SiO2 in the slag in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the increase of MnO in the slag in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the increase of Fe oxide in the slag in the current period, with the unit of kg; represents the increase of P oxide in the slag in the current period, with the unit of kg; Δm slag represents the increase of the slag in the current period, with the unit of kg;

[0177] The physical heat of high-temperature liquid slag includes sensible heat and liquidization latent heat, and the calculation formula is shown in (4-3):

[0178]

[0179] In the formula, ΔQ slag represents the physical heat of the slag in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the specific heat capacity of solid slag, with the unit of kJ / (kg·℃); represents the specific heat capacity of liquid slag, which is taken as 1.248 kJ / (kg·℃); represents the liquidization latent heat of the slag, which is taken as 209.2 kJ / kg; represents the melting point of the slag, with the unit of ℃; 25 represents room temperature, with the unit of ℃; T slagT represents the temperature of the current slag, in ℃; since the melting point of the slag is not fixed, the average specific heat capacity of the slag is taken as the liquid specific heat capacity of the slag for optimization calculation;

[0180] Chemical reactions occur in the high-temperature environment in the electric arc furnace during steelmaking, generating a large amount of furnace gas. Due to the air tightness problem of the electric arc furnace, part of the air enters the furnace and mixes into the furnace gas, and part of the oxygen blown out of the oxygen lance also escapes into the furnace gas without complete reaction. In addition, the gas generated by the addition of carbon powder during the steelmaking process of the electric arc furnace also needs to be considered. The main components of the furnace gas include CO, CO2, N2, O2 and other gases. The calculation formula of the furnace gas quality is shown in equation (4-7)

[0181]

[0182] In the formula, Δm gas represents the generation amount of the furnace gas in the current period, in kg; represents the oxygen consumption, in Nm 3 ; k c represents the coefficient of incomplete oxidation of C element to CO, which is taken as 0.9 according to production experience; Rec FeO represents the mass of FeO participating in the reaction, in kg, which only generates CO; m Carbon represents the mass of added carbon powder, in kg; w c represents the content of C in the carbon powder, in %; k' c represents the coefficient of CO generated by incomplete combustion of carbon powder, which is usually taken as 0.6;

[0183] The furnace gas that leaves the electric arc furnace through the flue is called flue gas, and the physical heat calculation formula is shown in equation (4-8):

[0184]

[0185] In the formula: ΔQ gas represents the physical heat leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue in the current period, in kJ; represents the specific heat capacity of the flue gas, taken as 1.137 kJ / (kg·℃); T gas represents the temperature of the flue gas in the flue, taken as 1450℃; 25 represents room temperature, in ℃;

[0186] The electric arc furnace steelmaking process also produces a large amount of flue dust, and the amount of flue dust generated is 0.8% of the amount of molten iron, so the calculation formula of the amount of flue dust generated in the 30 periods is shown in equation (4-6):

[0187]

[0188] In the formula m represents the mass of the smoke dust generated in the current 30 cycles, in kg; m HM m represents the mass of the molten iron, taking 80000 kg; N represents the number of cycles, taking 30 times; t process m represents the power smelting time of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, taking 20 min;

[0189] The formula for calculating the physical heat carried by it is shown as (4-9):

[0190]

[0191] In the formula, m represents the physical heat carried by the smoke dust in the current cycle, in kJ; m represents the specific heat capacity of the smoke dust, taking 0.996 kJ / (kg·℃); T dust m represents the temperature of the smoke dust in the flue, taking 1450℃; 25 represents room temperature, in ℃; m represents the latent heat of vaporization of the smoke dust, taking 209 kJ / kg.

[0192] The liquid iron beads mixed in the liquid slag also carry a large amount of high-temperature physical heat, and the liquid iron beads are usually 5% of the slag, so the calculation formula of the newly added liquid iron beads mixed in the liquid slag in this cycle is shown as (4-8)

[0193]

[0194] In the formula, m represents the mass of the iron beads escaping from the molten steel into the slag in the 30 cycles, in kg;

[0195] Δm slag m represents the newly added slag in the 30 cycles, in kg;

[0196] The formula for calculating the physical heat in this part is shown as (4-10):

[0197]

[0198] In the formula, m represents the physical heat carried by the liquid iron beads in the current cycle, in kJ; m represents the specific heat capacity of the solid iron block, taking 0.745 kJ / (kg·℃); m represents the specific heat capacity of the liquid iron beads in the slag, in kJ / (kg·℃); m represents the latent heat of liquefaction of the liquid iron beads, taking 218 kJ / kg; m represents the melting point of the iron beads, taking 1115.8℃; 25 represents room temperature, in ℃; T slag-Fe m represents the temperature of the liquid iron beads when the slag flows through the furnace door, taking 1202.5℃.

[0199] In addition, metal spatter can occur in the arc furnace steelmaking process, and the amount of spatter is usually 0.8% of the amount of molten iron, so the metal spatter calculation formula for 30 cycles is shown as (4-10)

[0200]

[0201] In the formula, m represents the mass of the metal spatter generated in the current 30 cycles, in kg; m HM m represents the mass of molten iron, which is 80000 kg; N represents the number of cycles, which is 30 times; t process t represents the smelting time of the arc furnace steelmaking process, which is 20 min;

[0202] The calculation formula for the high-temperature physical heat carried away is shown as (4-12):

[0203]

[0204] In the formula, m represents the physical heat carried out of the furnace by spatter in the current cycle, in kJ; C represents the specific heat capacity of solid spattered metal, which is 0.669 kJ / (kg·℃); C represents the specific heat capacity of liquid spattered metal in slag, which is 0.837 kJ / (kg·℃); L represents the latent heat of liquefaction of liquid spattered metal, which is 272 kJ / kg; T represents the melting point of spattered metal, which is 1522.34℃; 25 represents room temperature, in ℃; T splash T represents the temperature of spattered metal, which is 1650℃.

[0205] In the arc furnace steelmaking process, heat loss is affected by a series of factors such as environment, furnace condition, furnace composition, and manual operation, and is difficult to quantify. Usually, 3-8% of the physical heat of molten steel is taken, and the calculation formula for the input energy of the system in 30 smelting cycles is shown as (5-1):

[0206]

[0207] In the formula, ΔQ rea ΔQ represents the amount of heat released by the oxidation of elements in the arc furnace in 30 cycles, in kJ; ΔQ ele ΔQ represents the electrical energy provided by the power supply in 30 cycles, in kJ; ΔQ c ΔQ represents the chemical energy provided by the combustion of carbon powder in 30 cycles, in kJ; ΔQ represents the chemical energy provided by natural gas in 30 cycles, in kJ;

[0208] The heat loss calculation formula of the arc furnace steelmaking process is shown in (5-2):

[0209]

[0210] In the formula, represents the mass transfer heat loss of the arc furnace steelmaking in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the input energy of the system in the current smelting period, with the unit of kJ; represents the mass transfer heat loss coefficient in the arc furnace steelmaking process, which is usually taken as 3% according to production experience and furnace condition.

[0211] S6: Comprehensive energy input and output of S1 to S5, calculate the energy change in the first 30s

[0212] The bath temperature at the end of the period

[0213] Where, the energy change in the current period is calculated, and the calculation formula is shown in (6-1):

[0214]

[0215] In the formula, ΔQ represents the energy change in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; ΔQ rea represents the change of chemical energy input in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; ΔQ ele represents the change of electrical energy input in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; ΔQ C represents the change of carbon powder energy input in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the change of natural gas energy input in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; ΔQ slag represents the change of slag flow energy output in the arc furnace in the unit, with the unit of kJ; ΔQ gas represents the change of furnace gas energy output in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the change of metal spatter energy output in the arc furnace in the current period, with the unit of kJ; represents the heat loss in the current period of the arc furnace steelmaking process, with the unit of kJ.

[0216] The calculation formula of the steel liquid mass in the arc furnace steelmaking process period is shown in (6-2):

[0217]

[0218] In the formula, represents the steel liquid mass in the arc furnace steelmaking process, with the unit of kg; represents the mass of the molten steel before the 30 cycles, in kg; represents the mass change trend of each element in the 30 cycles, wherein i = C, Si, Mn, Fe, P, in kg; represents the mass of the smoke in the 30 cycles; represents the mass of the liquid iron beads transferred to the slag in the 30 cycles, in kg; represents the mass of the liquid splashed metal in the 30 cycles, in kg;

[0219] Thus, the mass of the molten steel is calculated with 1 s as a cycle, and the obtained mass of the molten steel is taken as the initial condition of the next cycle, and the calculation is repeated until the electric arc furnace steelmaking is completed.

[0220] The temperature change calculation formula of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is shown in (6-3):

[0221]

[0222] In the formula, T steel represents the temperature of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, in ℃; represents the temperature of the molten steel before the 30 cycles, i.e., the temperature of the molten clean steel, 1202.5 ℃; ΔQ represents the energy change amount in the electric arc furnace in the current cycle, in kJ; represents the mass of the molten steel in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, in kg; C Steel represents the specific heat capacity of the molten steel, taken as 1.248 kJ / (kg·℃);

[0223] S7: Calculate the input and output of each energy in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process in a certain cycle. Take the first 30 cycles of the arc starting smelting of the electric arc furnace steelmaking as an example.

[0224] Calculate the input and output of each energy in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process at this moment, and the calculation is shown in (7-1) to (7-10):

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230]

[0231]

[0232]

[0233]

[0234]

[0235] In the formula Q rea Q represents the total elemental oxidation heat release in electric arc furnace steelmaking, expressed in kJ. ele Q represents the energy input to the electric furnace, measured in kJ. C The input energy represents the chemical energy of the toner, expressed in kJ. Q represents the input energy of natural gas chemical energy, measured in kJ. slag Q represents the physical heat of high-temperature liquid slag, expressed in kJ. gas Q represents the physical heat of the flue gas leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue, measured in kJ; phy-dust Q represents the physical heat carried by smoke and dust, measured in kJ. phy-slag-Fe Q represents the physical heat carried by the liquid iron bead, measured in kJ. phy-splash This represents the physical heat carried by the material splashed outside the furnace, measured in kJ. The value represents the heat loss during the entire electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in kJ; t represents the first 30 cycles of arc ignition and smelting in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, taken as 30s.

[0236] After step seven is completed, it is determined whether the smelting has ended. If the smelting has not ended in this state, the process returns to S2 and performs a loop calculation with a period of 1 second until the smelting ends. The final energy composition and predicted final temperature are then output. The final energy of the molten pool in this electric arc furnace steelmaking batch is 80,736,043.16 kJ; the final temperature is 1580.21℃.

[0237] In summary, the present application divides the arc furnace bath area into several blocks to obtain the initial energy and temperature, and is based on the system research of multi-element energy input and output of the arc furnace steelmaking process, including the process chemical reaction exothermic energy input of selective oxidation in the bath, the "electricity-carbon-gas" energy input and "gold-slag-gas" energy output of the smelting process, and the process heat loss energy output. According to the energy trend and change trend of the arc furnace steelmaking process, the present application establishes the mathematical relationship of each energy input and output, constructs the energy model of the arc furnace steelmaking, calculates the arc furnace steelmaking cleaning energy and temperature, uses the method of cyclic operation to calculate the change of each energy input and output in the period, combines the thermodynamic conditions of the arc furnace steelmaking process and the numerical relationship of the energy change in the period, obtains a theoretical model for online calculation of the energy and temperature of the arc furnace steelmaking process, provides a method with practical application value for real-time energy and temperature prediction of the arc furnace steelmaking process, realizes the real-time energy and temperature prediction monitoring function of the arc furnace steelmaking process, and is beneficial to improve the smelting efficiency and quality.

[0238] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. The present application can have various changes and variations for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time energy change prediction in an electric arc furnace steelmaking process, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Calculate the melting energy and melting temperature under the initial conditions based on the composition and temperature of the metal material initially fed into the furnace; S2: Based on the oxygen supply in the current cycle and the exothermic sequence of elemental reactions in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, calculate the heat of chemical reaction in the current cycle. S3: Calculate the energy input of electrode power supply, toner chemical energy and natural gas chemical energy in the current cycle based on the collected power supply, toner and natural gas usage. S4: Calculate the energy output of slag, furnace gas, flue dust, liquid iron beads mixed in liquid slag, and metal splashes discharged from the furnace in the current cycle; S5: Calculate the energy output due to heat loss in the current cycle; S6: Combining the energy input and output from S1 to S5, calculate the smelting energy change value in the current cycle, and calculate the current molten steel temperature; S7: Outputs the real-time molten steel temperature and smelting energy input and output components of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process; S6 includes the following steps: S61. Calculate the change in energy inside the electric arc furnace during the current cycle using the following formula: In the formula, ΔQ represents the change in energy inside the electric arc furnace during the current cycle, in kJ; ΔQ rea ΔQ represents the heat released by the chemical reactions of elements within the electric arc furnace during the current period, expressed in kJ. ele ΔQ represents the electrical energy supplied by the electrode during the current period, expressed in kJ. c This represents the chemical energy provided by the combustion of carbon powder during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the chemical energy provided by natural gas during the current period, expressed in kJ. ΔQ represents the physical heat carried by the ejection outside the furnace during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. gas ΔQ represents the physical heat leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. slag This represents the physical heat of the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the physical heat carried by the dust in the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the physical heat carried by the ejection outside the furnace during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the mass transfer heat loss during the current cycle of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in kJ. S62. Calculate the mass of molten steel during the cycle of electric arc furnace steelmaking, using the following formula: In the formula, This indicates the mass of molten steel during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in kg. This indicates the mass of molten steel before the start of the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates the mass change trend of each element in the current period, where i = C, Si, Mn, Fe, P, and the unit is kg; Indicates the mass of dust in the current cycle; This indicates the mass of liquid iron beads transferred to the slag in the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates the mass of liquid splashed metal in the current cycle, expressed in kg. S63. Calculate the temperature during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process using the following formula: In the formula, T steel This indicates the temperature during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in °C. ΔQ represents the temperature of the molten steel before the start of the current cycle, in °C; ΔQ represents the change in energy within the electric arc furnace during the current cycle, in kJ. This indicates the mass of molten steel produced during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in kg; C Steel This indicates the specific heat capacity of the molten steel, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃).

2. The method for real-time energy change prediction in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 is achieved through the following formula: The initial energy for melting and clearing is: In the formula, Q Ini The initial energy of the melt is expressed in kJ. The initial physical heat of molten iron is expressed in kJ. The initial physical heat of scrap steel is expressed in kJ. The formula for calculating the initial physical heat of molten iron in its initial state is as follows: In the formula, m HM This refers to the weight of molten iron entering the furnace, expressed in kg. is the specific heat capacity of pig iron, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); 25 represents the melting point of molten iron, in °C; 25 represents room temperature, in °C. Latent heat of liquefaction of molten iron, expressed in kJ / kg; T represents the specific heat capacity of molten iron, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); HM The temperature at which molten iron enters the furnace is expressed in °C. The formula for calculating the initial physical heat of scrap steel in its initial state is as follows: In the formula, T represents the specific heat capacity of scrap steel, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); scrap The temperature of the scrap steel before it enters the furnace is expressed in °C; 25 represents room temperature, expressed in °C; m Scrap This refers to the weight of scrap steel entering the furnace, in kg. The weight of scrap steel entering the furnace is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, m Scrap The total mass of scrap steel added is expressed in kg and m. p Let p be the mass of the type of scrap steel. is the mass conversion factor of the p-th type of scrap steel relative to the ideal scrap steel, in %; The initial temperature of the melt is: In the formula, The temperature at which molten steel is melted, expressed in °C; C Steel is the specific heat capacity of molten steel, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); where, The mass of molten steel is expressed in kg. It is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, δ represents the melting coefficient of molten steel.

3. The method for real-time energy change prediction in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 is achieved through the following steps: S21. Calculate the composition of each element in the molten steel during the current cycle: In the formula, w ori [i] represents the composition content of element i before the start of the current period, in %; i can be C, Si, Mn, or P; n is the metal material number; m n The mass of metal material n is expressed in kg; w ori [i] n Let i be the content of element i corresponding to metal material n; S22. Based on the exothermic sequence and equilibrium relationship of elemental reactions in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, determine the main oxidizing element in the current cycle. The main oxidizing element includes at least Si, Mn, P and C. Calculate the heat of chemical reaction of the element in the current cycle. In the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, the equilibrium relationships and enthalpy values ​​of the oxidation reactions of various elements are as follows: ΔH C-CO =11639kJ / kg C+O2=CO2 Si+O2=SiO2 ΔH Mn-MnO =6594kJ / kg ΔH Fe-FeO =4250KJ / kg In the reaction equation, ΔH C-CO It is expressed as the enthalpy of carbon oxidation to carbon (CO), and the unit is kJ / kg; It is expressed as the enthalpy of carbon oxidation to CO2, in kJ / kg; ΔH represents the enthalpy of oxidation of Si to SiO2, expressed in kJ / kg. Mn-MnO ΔH represents the enthalpy of oxidation of Mn to MnO, expressed in kJ / kg. Fe-FeO This represents the enthalpy of the oxidation of Fe to FeO, expressed in kJ / kg. This represents the enthalpy of the oxidation of Fe to Fe2O3, expressed in kJ / kg. This represents the enthalpy of oxidation of phosphorus (P), expressed in kJ / kg. Based on the above reaction equilibrium equation, the trends in the mass and elemental composition changes of elemental oxidation during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process are as follows: In the formula, The mass change trend of each element during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is given in kg, where i represents C, Si, Mn, Fe, or P. This represents the volume of oxygen participating in the chemical reaction during the current period, expressed in Nm³. 3 ;k c The coefficient representing the incomplete oxidation of carbon (C) to CO; k Fe The coefficient represents the incomplete oxidation of Fe to FeO; each period is relatively short and can be regarded as mainly reacting with the oxidation of one element, while the reaction of other elements accounts for a small proportion and can be ignored in the current period. That is, equations (2-2) to (2-6) only calculate one of the mass changes. The formulas for calculating the exothermic reaction of each element are: In the formula, Q rea-i This represents the chemical heat released by the oxidation of element i during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process in the current cycle, in kJ. The value of i is C, Si, Mn, Fe or P. Each cycle is relatively short and can be regarded as mainly reacting with the oxidation of one element. The reaction of other elements accounts for a small proportion and can be ignored in the current cycle. That is, equations (2-7) to (2-11) only calculate the heat released by one of the reactions. Based on the above chemical reaction equations, the exothermic chemical reactions of the elements during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process can be summarized as follows: ΔQ rea =ΔQ rea-C +ΔQ rea-Si +ΔQ rea-Mn +ΔQ rea-P +ΔQ rea-Fe (2-12) In the formula, ΔQ rea This represents the total elemental oxidation heat release during the current cycle of electric arc furnace steelmaking, expressed in kJ.

4. The method for real-time energy change prediction in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 is achieved through the following formula: In the formula, ΔQ ele P represents the electrical energy supplied by the electrode during the current cycle, in kJ; P represents the power of the electrode, in kW; t ele Indicates the duration of the current power supply cycle, in seconds; This represents the power supply utilization factor, which is determined based on the electrode operating status in the current cycle; m Carbon This indicates the mass of toner added in the current cycle, in kg; ΔQ c This represents the chemical energy provided by the combustion of carbon powder during the current cycle, expressed in kJ; w c This indicates the carbon content in the toner, expressed in %; k′ c This represents the incomplete combustion coefficient of CO produced by the combustion of carbon powder; This represents the chemical energy provided by natural gas during the current period, expressed in kJ. This indicates the amount of natural gas used in the current period, in Nm³. 3 ;ΔH CH4 The enthalpy of natural gas is expressed in kJ / Nm³. 3 .

5. The method for real-time energy change prediction in electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 is achieved through the following formula. S41. Determine the slag quality variation trend during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, and calculate the high [slag quality] based on the slag quality variation trend. The physical heat of warm liquid slag; Based on the selective oxidation law in the molten pool, it is set that the oxygen blowing in each cycle reacts only with one of the elements, namely Si, Mn, Fe or P. The trend of slag quality change in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is as follows: In the formula, This indicates the increase in SiO2 in the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates the increase in MnO in the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates the increase in Fe oxides in the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kg. Δm represents the increase in P oxides in the slag during the current period, in kg. slag This indicates the increase in slag during the current cycle, expressed in kg. Each cycle is relatively short and can be considered as mainly reacting with the oxidation of one element, while the reactions of other elements account for a small proportion and can be ignored in the current cycle. That is, equations (2-7) to (2-11) only calculate the amount of slag generated under one of the reactions. The formula for calculating the physical heat of high-temperature liquid slag is shown in equation (4-6): In the formula, ΔQ slag This represents the physical heat of the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This indicates the specific heat capacity of solid slag, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃). This indicates the specific heat capacity of slag, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃). The latent heat of liquefaction of slag is expressed in kJ / kg. The value indicates the melting point of the slag, in °C; 25 indicates room temperature, in °C; T slag This indicates the current temperature of the slag, in °C. S42. If the current oxidation element is C, the furnace gas quality can be determined based on the amount of carbon oxides generated, and the furnace gas physical heat can be calculated based on the furnace gas quality. If the main element of the oxidation module in the molten pool is not C, the increase in carbon oxides caused by the oxidation of C content in the molten pool is not calculated. The formula for calculating the furnace gas quality is shown in equation (4-7): In the formula, Δm gas This indicates the amount of furnace gas generated during the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates oxygen consumption, expressed in Nm³. 3 ;k c Rec represents the coefficient for the incomplete oxidation of carbon (C) to carbon (CO); FeO This indicates the mass of FeO participating in the reaction, in kg. This module only produces CO; m Carbon This indicates the mass of toner added, expressed in kg; w c This indicates the carbon content in the toner, expressed in %; k′ c The coefficient representing the CO produced when carbon powder is incompletely burned; The furnace gas leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue is called flue gas, and its physical and thermal calculation formula is shown in (4-8): In the formula, ΔQ gas This represents the physical heat leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. T represents the specific heat capacity of flue gas, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); gas The temperature of the flue gas when it first enters the flue is indicated in °C; 25 indicates the room temperature in °C. S43. Determine the mass of the smoke and dust, and calculate the physical heat carried by the smoke and dust according to the following formula: In the formula, This represents the physical heat carried by the dust in the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This indicates the mass of smoke and dust in the current period, expressed in kg. T represents the specific heat capacity of flue gas, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃); dust The temperature of the flue gas inside the flue is expressed in °C; 25 represents the room temperature, expressed in °C. The latent heat of vaporization of flue gas is expressed in kJ / kg. S44. Determine the mass of the liquid iron beads that escape from the molten steel into the slag, and calculate the mass of the liquid iron beads according to the following formula. Carried physical heat: In the formula: This represents the physical heat carried by the liquid iron ball during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This indicates the mass of iron beads that escape from molten steel into the slag during the current cycle, expressed in kg. This indicates the specific heat capacity of a solid iron block, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃). This indicates the specific heat capacity of liquid iron beads in slag, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃). The latent heat of liquefaction of liquid iron beads is expressed in kJ / kg; The value indicates the melting point of the iron beads, in °C; 25 indicates room temperature, in °C; T slag-Fe This indicates the temperature of the liquid iron beads during slag flow at the furnace door, expressed in °C. S45. Determine the mass of metal splashed outside the furnace during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, and calculate the metal splash mass using the following formula. The high-temperature physical heat carried outside the furnace: In the formula, This represents the physical heat carried by the ejection outside the furnace during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This indicates the mass splashed outside the furnace during the current cycle, expressed in kg. Indicates the ratio of solid sputtered metal Heat capacity, measured in kJ / (kg·℃); This indicates the specific heat capacity of the liquid splashed metal in the slag, expressed in kJ / (kg·℃). The latent heat of liquefaction of the liquid-splashed metal is expressed in kJ / kg. Indicates the melting point of the sputtered metal, single The unit is ℃; 25 represents room temperature, and the unit is ℃; T splash This indicates the temperature of the splashed metal, expressed in °C.

6. The method for real-time energy change prediction in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, S5 is achieved through the following formula: In the formula, This represents the mass transfer heat loss during the current cycle of electric arc furnace steelmaking, expressed in kJ. This represents the input energy of the system during the current smelting cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the mass transfer heat loss coefficient during the electric arc furnace steelmaking process. The energy input to the system during the current smelting cycle is: In the formula, ΔQ rea ΔQ represents the heat released by element oxidation within the electric arc furnace during the current period, expressed in kJ. ele ΔQ represents the electrical energy supplied by the electrode during the current period, expressed in kJ. c This represents the chemical energy provided by the combustion of carbon powder during the current cycle, expressed in kJ. This represents the chemical energy provided by natural gas during the current period, expressed in kJ.

7. The method for real-time energy change prediction in electric arc furnace steelmaking process according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: S7. Based on the energy input or output calculated from any one of S1-S5, calculate the real-time energy input or output of the electric arc furnace steelmaking process using any of the following formulas: In the formula, Q rea Q represents the cumulative total heat release from elemental oxidation after the current cycle of electric arc furnace steelmaking, expressed in kJ; ele Q represents the cumulative energy input to the electric furnace after the current cycle, in kJ. C Q represents the cumulative input energy of the toner chemical energy after the current cycle, expressed in kJ; CH4 Q represents the cumulative input energy of natural gas chemical energy after the current period, expressed in kJ. slag Q represents the cumulative physical heat of the high-temperature liquid slag after the current cycle, expressed in kJ. gas Q represents the cumulative physical heat of the flue gas leaving the electric arc furnace through the flue after the current cycle, expressed in kJ. phy-dust Q represents the cumulative physical heat carried by the dust after the current cycle, expressed in kJ. phy-slag-Fe Q represents the cumulative physical heat carried by the liquid iron beads after the current period, expressed in kJ. phy-splash This represents the cumulative physical heat carried by the material splashed outside the furnace after the current cycle, expressed in kJ. The current cumulative heat loss in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process is expressed in kJ; t represents the smelting time in the electric arc furnace steelmaking process, expressed in seconds. After calculating and outputting the real-time energy input and output of electric arc furnace steelmaking and the temperature of molten steel, it is determined whether the smelting has ended. If the smelting has not ended, the current cycle is updated, and then the process returns to step S2 to cycle for a preset time period. If the smelting has ended, the final energy composition and final temperature are output.

8. A computer system comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images