A bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of bougainvillea anti-shedding agent and its preparation method and application, and relate to the technical field of plant regulator.A kind of bougainvillea anti-shedding agent, first compounding sugar alcohol calcium and α-naphthaleneacetic acid to obtain an efficacy solution, the calcium ion concentration of sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 49-51mg / L, and the α-naphthaleneacetic acid concentration is 24-26mg / L, and then adding surfactant tween to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added tween to the efficacy solution volume is 1:1000.Before bougainvillea is transported, spraying the anti-shedding agent of the present application can effectively reduce the shedding rate of bougainvillea flowers and leaves during and after transportation.Effectively maintain the commerciality of bougainvillea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of plant regulators, and in particular to a Bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, bougainvillea is widely used in urban landscaping and as ornamental potted plants, with broad market prospects. However, bougainvillea is not resistant to long-distance transportation. Prolonged periods of exposure to lightless or low-light conditions during transportation can lead to severe flower and leaf drop, significantly impacting its ornamental value and commercial value, and severely restricting the development of the bougainvillea industry. Furthermore, there are currently no specialized anti-shedding agents on the market specifically designed for bougainvillea during low-light transportation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides an anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves during transportation, as well as a preparation method and application thereof, to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent is provided. Sugar alcohol calcium and α-naphthacetic acid are first compounded to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 49-51 mg / L and the α-naphthacetic acid concentration is 24-26 mg / L, and then a surfactant - Tween is added to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween to the volume of the efficacy solution is 1:1000.

[0005] In one embodiment, a Bougainvillea leaf and flower anti-shedding agent is provided, wherein sugar alcohol calcium and α-naphthyl acetic acid are first compounded to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 50 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 25 mg / L, and then a surfactant - Tween is added to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween to the efficacy solution volume is 1:1000.

[0006] In one embodiment, the Tween is Tween 20.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing the anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves according to the above embodiment, comprising the steps of: dissolving α-naphthacetic acid in an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol, and adding an appropriate amount of water;

[0008] Step 2: Dissolve the sugar alcohol calcium in an appropriate amount of water and add it to step 1 and continue adding water to make up the volume to obtain the efficacy solution;

[0009] Step 3: Add a surfactant-Tween based on 0.1% of the volume of the fixed efficacy solution, and mix evenly to obtain the Bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent.

[0010] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides the use of the anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves in the above-mentioned embodiment, wherein the anti-shedding agent is used for bougainvillea being transported in low light or no light, or the anti-shedding agent is used for bougainvillea in a low light environment or no light environment.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the anti-shedding agent is sprayed on the bougainvillea until water drips from the flowers and leaves before transportation, and the bougainvillea is immediately loaded and transported after drying.

[0012] In one embodiment, the anti-shedding agent is sprayed on the flowers and leaves of the bougainvillea 2-4 hours before transportation, and the flowers are loaded onto trucks and transported after drying.

[0013] In one embodiment, the anti-shedding agent is sprayed on the flowers and leaves of the bougainvillea 2 hours before transportation, and the flowers are loaded and transported after drying.

[0014] The advantage of the present invention is that spraying the anti-shedding agent of the present invention before transporting bougainvillea can effectively reduce the shedding rate of bougainvillea flowers and leaves during and after transportation, and effectively maintain the commercial quality of bougainvillea.

[0015] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown by way of example and not limitation, wherein:

[0017] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the grading standard for 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea buds according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the effect of different concentrations of NAA treatment on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at different stages after simulated transportation after being treated with different concentrations of NAA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at different stages after simulated transportation after being treated with different concentrations of NAA according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of 2,4-D treatment on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at different stages after simulated transportation after being treated with different concentrations of 2,4-D according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the effect of different concentrations of TDZ treatment on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at different stages after simulated transportation after being treated with different concentrations of TDZ according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of sugar alcohol calcium treatment on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at different stages after simulated transportation after being treated with different concentrations of sugar alcohol calcium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the effect of adding different surfactants on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the effect of spraying calcium sugar alcohol according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at different times before simulated transportation on the abscission of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea buds;

[0030] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of NAA+sugar alcohol calcium treatment on flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea treated with different concentrations of NAA + calcium sugar alcohol at different stages after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 15 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea treated with different concentrations of NAA + calcium sugar alcohol at different stages after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 16A schematic diagram showing the effects of different concentrations of NAA+sugar alcohol calcium treatment on flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 17 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea treated with different concentrations of NAA + calcium sugar alcohol at different stages after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 18 A schematic diagram showing the flower bud shedding rate of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea treated with different concentrations of NAA + calcium sugar alcohol at different stages after simulated transportation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 19 A schematic diagram showing the effect of 50 mg / L calcium syrup + 25 mg / L NAA on the flowering period of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in an open-air greenhouse environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the purposes, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0038] The present application provides an anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves, which is prepared by first compounding sugar alcohol calcium and α-naphthyl acetic acid to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 49-51 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 24-26 mg / L, and then adding a surfactant - Tween to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween to the volume of the efficacy solution is 0.1%:1 (i.e., 1:1000).

[0039] Preferably, the present application provides an anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves. The agent is prepared by first compounding calcium sugar alcohol and α-naphthyl acetic acid to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the calcium sugar alcohol in the efficacy solution is 50 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 25 mg / L. The surfactant-Tween is then added to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween to the efficacy solution is 1:1000. The surfactant-Tween is Tween 20.

[0040] The anti-shedding agent of the present application is used for bougainvillea in low-light or no-light transportation. Or the anti-shedding agent of the present application is used for bougainvillea in low-light or no-light environment. Preferably, the anti-shedding agent of the present application is used for water red bougainvillea or California golden bougainvillea in low-light or no-light transportation.

[0041] Before transporting bougainvillea, spray the anti-shedding agent of this application until the flowers and leaves drip water, and immediately load the bougainvillea for transportation after drying. This can effectively reduce the shedding rate of bougainvillea flower buds and leaves during and after transportation. Furthermore, spray the anti-shedding agent 2-4 hours before transportation.

[0042] The content of the raw materials of the anti-shedding agent of this application, calcium sugar alcohol, NAA (α-naphthyl acetic acid) and Tween 20 (Tween 20), is obtained through a large number of experimental comparisons and optimization. The following is a detailed analysis of the selection of the raw materials of the anti-shedding agent of this application:

[0043] 1: Reagents and test materials

[0044] The experimental materials and reagents used in this application are commercially available. Please refer to Table 1 for details.

[0045] Bougainvillea 'Water Red' (Bougainvillea × buttiana cv. Miss Manila) and 'California Gold' (Bougainvillea × buttiana cv. California Gold) were sourced from the Eighth Team Bougainvillea Base of the Institute of Varieties and Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences. Two-year-old cuttings with uniform plant shape, bright leaf color, consistent flowering period, moderate soil moisture (relative soil moisture content of 50% to 60%), and no pests or diseases, and plant height of approximately 80 to 100 cm, were selected as the primary experimental materials.

[0046] Table 1

[0047] Chinese name of reagent Reagent English name Manufacturer & Product Number / Specifications α-Naphthylacetic acid NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) Sigma, N0640-25G Thidiazuron TDZ (Thidiazuron) RUIBIO 5g / bottle 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-D HMK, 789005 Sugar alcohol calcium Calcium sugar alcohol Dan Luofeng 2266-2012 Twain 20 Tween 20 Shanghai test, 30189328 Alkyl glycosides APG (Alkyl Polyglycoside) Guangzhou Elegant 68-59-62 Polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether Triton X-100 Solarbio 90902-3-1

[0048] 2: Test method: The test is conducted under simulated transportation conditions. The test method includes:

[0049] (1): The experimental bougainvillea plants were divided into four stages: A, B, C, and D according to the size of the flower buds. Figure 1 Each flower on the test bougainvillea plant was marked and numbered according to size. Then, an external spraying method was used, using a 500ml spray bottle. Five bougainvillea pots were sprayed with 500ml of anti-shedding agent per pot. The anti-shedding agent was sprayed on the leaves and buds until the leaves and buds began to drip.

[0050] (2): After spraying, wait for the plants to dry, and then place the test plants in a dark room. Keep the room temperature at 25℃ for three days to simulate the transportation environment.

[0051] (3): After three days of dark treatment, the bougainvillea plants were placed under natural conditions. The number of flower buds that fell off at each stage in each pot was recorded every day, and the flower bud shedding rate at each stage was calculated (the first day under natural conditions was taken as the first day after simulated transportation).

[0052] 3: Experimental results

[0053] 3.1: Pre-spraying treatment

[0054] The flower buds of the Bougainvillea plant are divided into four stages: A, B, C, and D according to the size and degree of opening of the bracts. The buds are numbered and the number of flower buds in each stage is counted and photographed (the flower buds in each pot of Bougainvillea have different stages. The stage of the flower buds in each pot of Bougainvillea is determined according to the size of the flower buds and numbered). Figure 1 As shown, stage A: bract size is about 1 to 2 cm; stage B: bract size is about 2 to 5 cm; stage C: bract size is about 5 to 7 cm; stage D: bud size is more than 7 cm.

[0055] 3.2: Single factor anti-shedding agent treatment experimental design

[0056] 3.2.1: The plant growth regulators commonly used in this field: calcium sugar alcohol, NAA (α-naphthylacetic acid), TDZ (thidiazuron), and 2,4-D were subjected to single factor experimental treatments respectively.

[0057] Please refer to Table 2 and carry out the test treatment according to Table 2. The control group was sprayed with water. Use a 500ml spray bottle to spray the anti-shedding agent on the leaves and flower buds of Bougainvillea dasyphylla until all the flower buds and leaves of the plant are sprayed. There are eleven treatments in total, with five repetitions for each treatment (i.e. five parallel tests), and each treatment is sprayed with 500ml of the reagent. After the spraying is completed and the plants are dried, immediately place the plants in a darkroom. When placed in the darkroom, maintain the room temperature at 25°C for three days to simulate the transportation environment. After three days of dark treatment, the tested Bougainvillea will be placed under natural conditions.

[0058] Table 2

[0059]

[0060] In Table 2, the surfactant addition amount is 0.1%, which means that the amount of surfactant added is 0.1% of the volume of the efficacy solution (the same applies below). The concentration gradient of each component in Table 2 is configured as follows:

[0061] 1) Preparation of NAA solution

[0062] Use an electronic balance to weigh 5 mg and 25 mg of NAA powder, respectively. Add a small amount of anhydrous ethanol to completely dissolve it. Add distilled water to 1 L to prepare 5 mg / L NAA solution and 25 mg / L NAA solution, respectively. Finally, add 1 ml (1 L of efficacy solution volume multiplied by 0.1%) of Tween 20 to the 5 mg / L NAA solution and 25 mg / L NAA solution, respectively, based on the volume of the efficacy solution, for later use.

[0063] 2) Preparation of sugar alcohol calcium solution

[0064] According to the calcium ion content in the sugar alcohol calcium (the calcium ion content of the sugar alcohol calcium is 178.5 g / L), 2.8 ml of the sugar alcohol calcium solution was added with distilled water to make the volume 1 L to prepare a mother solution, which was then diluted 20 times and 10 times to prepare a sugar alcohol calcium aqueous solution with a calcium ion content of 25 mg / L and a sugar alcohol calcium aqueous solution of 50 mg / L, respectively. 0.1% Tween 20 was then added for later use (i.e., 0.1% Tween 20 was added to the 25 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium efficacy solution, and 0.1% Tween 20 was added to the 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium efficacy solution).

[0065] 3) Preparation of TDZ solution

[0066] A small amount of anhydrous ethanol was added to the TDZ powder to completely dissolve it to prepare a 100 μM (i.e., μM / L) TDZ stock solution for later use. This was then diluted with distilled water to obtain 5 μM, 15 μM, and 45 μM TDZ solutions. Finally, 0.1% Tween 20 was added for later use.

[0067] 4) Preparation of 2,4-D solution

[0068] Weigh 10 mg, 20 mg, and 30 mg of 2,4-D powder on an electronic balance, add a small amount of anhydrous ethanol to completely dissolve it, then add distilled water to make the volume 1 L, and prepare 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, and 30 mg / L 2,4-D solutions, respectively. Finally, add 0.1% Tween 20 for later use.

[0069] 3.2.2: Test results and discussion

[0070] 3.2.2.1: Effects of different NAA concentrations on bud abscission of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation

[0071] Depend on Figure 2As can be seen, both the 5mg / L and 25mg / L NAA treatments significantly inhibited bud and leaf shedding in the Bougainvillea spp. On the seventh day after simulated transport, the buds and leaves of the control Bougainvillea spp. had almost completely fallen off, completely losing their marketability. However, the bud and leaf shedding of the Bougainvillea spp. treated with 5mg / L and 25mg / L NAA was minimal.

[0072] Depend on Figure 3 As shown, the 25 mg / L NAA treatment group significantly inhibited bud shedding at all four stages of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea (A, B, C, and D). The bud shedding rates were significantly lower than those in the control group, with bud shedding rates below 0.2 at stages A, B, and C, and below 0.5 at stage D. The 5 mg / L NAA treatment group also significantly inhibited bud shedding at stages A, B, and C, with bud shedding rates below 0.4, but the effect was weaker than that of the 25 mg / L NAA treatment group. The 5 mg / L NAA treatment group had no significant inhibitory effect on bud shedding at stage D. Therefore, in the single-factor NAA experiment, 25 mg / L NAA had the most significant inhibitory effect on bud shedding during and after postharvest transportation of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea.

[0073] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that there is a significant difference between the 5 mg / L NAA treatment group and the control group in the inhibition of bud shedding at the A, B, C, and D stages of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea ( Figure 4 A; Figure 4 B; Figure 4 C; Figure 4 D) (where control refers to the control group, the same applies below). The 25mg / L NAA treatment group and the control group had significant differences in the inhibitory effect on the bud shedding of the buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D ( Figure 4 There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of 5mg / L NAA treatment group and 25mg / L NAA treatment group on the bud shedding of Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D ( Figure 4 ).

[0074] in, Figure 4 middle, Figure 4 A refers to the bud shedding rate in stage A; Figure 4 B refers to the bud abscission rate in stage B; Figure 4 C refers to the bud shedding rate at stage C; Figure 4 D refers to the bud abscission rate at stage D. Data were compared using the LSD method for significance comparison. Different lowercase letters (a, b, c) indicate significant differences among treatments (p ≤ 0.05), and the same applies to the following.

[0075] 3.2.2.2: Effects of different 2,4-D concentrations on bud abscission in Bougainvillea ‘Shuihong’ after simulated transportation

[0076] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that different concentrations of 2,4-D treatment have a partial inhibitory effect on the shedding of the flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea, but the 2,4-D treatment groups at all concentrations will cause the burnt edges of the flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea. On the seventh day after simulated transportation, the flower buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the control group almost all fell off; the flower buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea treated with 10 mg / L 2,4-D also showed obvious shedding, and the leaves dried up and turned yellow; the flower buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea treated with 20 mg / L 2,4-D did not show obvious shedding, but the flower buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea under this treatment showed varying degrees of burnt edges, which greatly affected the commercial value of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea; the flower buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea treated with 30 mg / L 2,4-D showed signs of slight shedding, and the leaves of this 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea turned yellow and dried, and the bracts that did not fall off also had relatively serious burnt edges, which also greatly affected the commercial value of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea.

[0077] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the 10 mg / L 2,4-D treatment has a slight inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, and C, and the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of the D stage is not obvious; the 20 mg / L 2,4-D treatment group has a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of the C stage is the best; the 30 mg / L 2,4-D treatment has a certain inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and there is no obvious difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of the four stages.

[0078] 3.2.2.3: Effects of different TDZ concentrations on bud abscission of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation

[0079] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that treatment with different concentrations of TDZ had no inhibitory effect on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea. On the seventh day after simulated transportation, there was no significant difference between the TDZ-treated 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea and the control group, and all the buds and leaves had fallen off.

[0080] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that the treatment groups of 5μM TDZ, 15μM TDZ and 45μM TDZ had no obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at the four stages A, B, C and D, and their flower bud shedding rates were not significantly different from those of the control group, all being 1.

[0081] 3.2.2.4: Effects of different concentrations of calcium glycosides on bud abscission in 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea after simulated transportation

[0082] Depend on Figure 9 As can be seen, neither the 25mg / L nor the 50mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatments significantly inhibited bud shedding in 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea, but did significantly inhibit leaf shedding. On the seventh day after simulated transport, nearly all the buds and leaves of the 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the control group had fallen off. However, the 25mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatment showed significant bud shedding, with no significant inhibitory effect on bud shedding during postharvest transport. The 50mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatment also showed significant bud shedding, but no leaves fell, and leaf growth was healthy. Although the 50mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatment had no significant effect on bud shedding during or after postharvest transport, it did have a modest inhibitory effect on leaf shedding.

[0083] Depend on Figure 10 As shown, the 25mg / L and 50mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatments had no significant inhibitory effect on bud shedding in 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D. The bud shedding rate reached over 0.8, which was not significantly different from the control group. Therefore, Calcium Sugar Alcohol treatment had no significant inhibitory effect on bud shedding during and after transport of Bougainvillea, but did have a certain inhibitory effect on leaf shedding during and after transport. 50mg / L Calcium Sugar Alcohol had the greatest inhibitory effect on leaf shedding and brightening of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after post-harvest transport.

[0084] 3.3: Experimental design of different surfactant treatments

[0085] 3.3.1: Experimental treatment

[0086] Referring to Table 3, a 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium solution was selected for the test. 500ml of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium solution was added to each spray bottle, followed by the addition of three different surfactants: 0.1% Tween 20, 0.1% APG, and 0.1% Triton X-100 (the volume ratio of these three surfactants to the sugar alcohol calcium solution was 0.1%:1), and sprayed on the leaves and buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea. There were three treatments in total, with five replicates for each treatment, and one treatment was sprayed for every 500ml of reagent. After spraying, wait for the plants to dry, then immediately place them in a darkroom. Place them in a darkroom and maintain the room temperature at 25°C for three days to simulate the transportation environment. After three days of darkness, the tested Bougainvillea was placed under natural conditions.

[0087] Table 3 Treatment schemes with different surfactants

[0088] Treatment group Surfactant addition 50mg / L Sugar Alcohol Calcium 0.1% Tween20 50mg / L Sugar Alcohol Calcium 0.1% APG 50mg / L Sugar Alcohol Calcium 0.1% Triton X-100

[0089] 3.3.2: Test results

[0090] Depend on Figure 11 As can be seen, different surfactants had no inhibitory effect on bud shedding during and after post-harvest transportation of Bougainvillea. However, different surfactants exhibited varying effects on leaf shedding during and after post-harvest transportation. On the seventh day after simulated transportation, all buds of the 'Water Red' Bougainvillea plants in both the control (water control) and experimental groups had completely shed. The group treated with 0.1% APG and 0.1% Triton X-100 as surfactants also completely shed leaves and buds. However, the group treated with 0.1% Tween 20 as a surfactant showed less pronounced leaf shedding than the other treatments. Therefore, 0.1% Tween 20 was selected as the surfactant component in the developed anti-shedding agent.

[0091] 3.4: Treatment of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea with Calcium Sulfate at Different Time Points Before Transportation

[0092] 3.4.1: Experimental treatment

[0093] Referring to Table 4, a sugar alcohol calcium solution containing 50 mg / L of calcium ions was selected for the experiment. This solution was placed in a 500ml spray bottle and sprayed on the leaves and buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea 2, 24, and 48 hours before simulated transport. Three treatments were used, each with five replicates, with each 500ml of solution sprayed per treatment. The plants were kept in a darkroom at 25°C for three days to simulate the transport environment. After three days of darkness, the test bougainvillea plants were placed under natural conditions.

[0094] Table 4 Spraying treatment schemes at different times before simulated transportation

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] 3.4.2: Test results

[0098] Depend on Figure 12It can be seen that there is basically no difference in the effect of spraying calcium glycosides at different times before simulated transportation on the shedding of flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation, but there is a difference in the effect on the shedding of leaves of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation. On the seventh day after simulated transportation, all the leaves and flower buds of the treatment group sprayed with calcium glycosides 24h and 48h before simulated transportation fell off, while in the treatment group sprayed with calcium glycosides 2h before simulated transportation, although all the flower buds fell off, some leaves still did not fall off, so spraying 2h before simulated transportation had the best effect. The reason for setting the spraying 2h before simulated transportation is that it takes about 2h to dry Bougainvillea, so Figure 12 It can be further concluded that spraying before transportation and shipping immediately after waiting for drying is the most effective way to inhibit the shedding of bougainvillea.

[0099] In summary, from the above Figure 2-Figure 12 It can be concluded that in the experiment on the influence of single factors on the flowers and leaves of Bougainvillea during transportation, 25 mg / L NAA had the most obvious inhibitory effect on the shedding of flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation; 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium had the best inhibitory effect on the shedding of leaves of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation and the best effect on brightening the leaves.

[0100] Next, we will continue to establish comparative experiments to further verify the effects of different concentrations of NAA and sugar alcohol calcium combinations on Bougainvillea truncatula after transportation.

[0101] 3.5: Treatment of Bougainvillea 'Shuihong' with different concentrations of NAA + calcium glycoside combination

[0102] 3.5.1: Experimental treatment

[0103] Refer to Table 5. Water, 5 mg / L NAA, and 25 mg / L NAA were used as control groups. Using a 500ml spray bottle, spray the anti-shedding agent onto the leaves and buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea plants until the leaves begin to drip. Seven treatments were used, each with five replicates. Each treatment was sprayed with 500ml of the agent.

[0104] Table 5 Treatment schemes of different anti-shedding agent combinations

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] In Table 5, the preparation of the combined solution:

[0108] Weigh 5 mg of NAA powder and 25 mg of NAA powder on an electronic balance, add a small amount of anhydrous ethanol to completely dissolve them, first add distilled water to make the volume to 500 ml, then take 280 μL of the sugar alcohol calcium solution and add it to the already fixed volume solution. Continue to add distilled water to make the volume to 1 L, and finally add 0.1% Tween 20 (i.e., 1 ml of Tween 20) for later use.

[0109] 3.5.2: Test results

[0110] Depend on Figure 13 It can be seen that the treatment combination of 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium has the most obvious inhibitory effect on flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea, and can effectively inhibit flower bud shedding, leaf shedding and wilting of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation. On the seventh day after simulated transportation, all the flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the control group fell off, and although some leaves remained, they also basically fell off; under the combined treatment of 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5 mg / L NAA, the leaves and flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea showed a relatively obvious shedding phenomenon; under the combined treatment of 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25 mg / L NAA, the leaves and flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea did not fall off; in the treatment group of 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5 mg / L NAA (24h), the leaves and flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea showed a relatively obvious shedding phenomenon; in the treatment group of 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25 mg / L NAA (24h), the flower buds and leaves of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea also showed a relatively slight shedding phenomenon.

[0111] Depend on Figure 14 It can be seen that on the seventh day of simulated transportation, the flower bud shedding rate of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the control group was as high as 1. The 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group had a very obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the A and D stages, and the flower bud shedding rate was as low as below 0.1. It also had a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of stages B and C, and the flower bud shedding rate was as low as about 0.2; the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group had a relatively obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the A, B, C, and D stages 24h before simulated transportation; the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group had an inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the A, B, C, and D stages; the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA (24h) treatment group had lower flower bud shedding rates of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea in the A, B, C, and D stages than the control group. Among them, the bud shedding rates of the four stages A, B, C, and D in the 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25 mg / L NAA treatment group were the lowest, proving that this treatment combination had the best inhibitory effect on the shedding of flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation.

[0112] Depend on Figure 15 It can be seen that there is a significant difference in the inhibitory effect of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group and 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA (24h) treatment group on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stages A, B, and D ( Figure 15 A; Figure 15 B; Figure 15 D), and there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stage C ( Figure 15 C). There were significant differences in the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D between the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group and the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group ( Figure 15 There was a significant difference in the inhibitory effect of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group and 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA (24h) treatment group on the bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stages A, C, and D ( Figure 15 A; Figure 15 C; Figure 15 D); There was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea at stage B ( Figure 15 B).

[0113] In summary, the anti-shedding agent of the present application, composed of the following components: 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, 25 mg / L NAA and 0.1% Tween20, has the best inhibitory effect on the shedding of flower buds and leaves of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea during and after transportation. The shedding rates of flower buds and leaves in the four stages A, B, C and D of Shuihong Bougainvillea are the lowest.

[0114] The following is a further study on the effects of different concentrations of NAA and sugar alcohol calcium combinations on California Golden Bougainvillea:

[0115] 3.6: Treatment of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea with different concentrations of NAA + calcium glycoside combination

[0116] 3.6.1: Experimental treatment

[0117] See Table 6. Water, 5mg / L NAA, and 25mg / L NAA were used as the control group, while 50mg / L calcium glycoside + 5mg / L NAA and 50mg / L calcium glycoside + 25mg / L NAA were used as the treatment group. Using a 500ml spray bottle, the anti-shedding agent was sprayed onto the leaves and buds of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea until the leaves began to drip water. There were five treatments in total, with five replicates per treatment. Each treatment was sprayed with 500ml of agent. After the plants dried, they were immediately placed in a darkroom at 25°C for three days to simulate the transportation environment. After three days, they were placed in a natural environment and the results were recorded.

[0118] Table 6 Treatment of different concentrations of NAA + calcium sugar alcohol on 'California Gold' Bougainvillea

[0119] Treatment group Surfactant addition 50mg / L Calcium Glycol + 25mg / L NAA 0.1% Tween20 50mg / L Calcium Glycol + 5mg / L NAA 0.1% Tween20 Control group: 25 mg / L NAA 0.1% Tween20 Control group 5 mg / L NAA 0.1% Tween20 Control group (water) /

[0120] 3.6.2: Test results

[0121] Depend on Figure 16 The results show that the 25mg / L NAA + 50mg / L calcium glycoside treatment combination had the most significant inhibitory effect on bud abscission in 'California Gold' bougainvillea, effectively preventing both bud and leaf loss during transport. Seven days after simulated transport, the water-sprayed control group experienced severe bud abscission and wilted leaves. The 5mg / L NAA-sprayed control group showed mild bud and leaf abscission and wilting. The 25mg / L NAA-sprayed control group showed no bud abscission, but significant leaf wilting. The 50mg / L calcium glycoside + 25mg / L NAA-sprayed group showed no bud abscission, and neither leaf wilting nor shedding.

[0122] Depend on Figure 17It can be seen that on the seventh day of simulated transportation, the flower bud shedding rate of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea treated with water in the control group was also as high as 1; the 5 mg / L NAA in the control group had a more obvious inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and the flower bud shedding rate was below 0.6; the 25 mg / L NAA in the control group had a significant inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and the flower bud shedding rate was below 0.4; the 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5 mg / L NAA treatment group also had a significant inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and the flower bud shedding rate was below 0.6; the 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25 mg / L NAA treatment group had a very significant inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea in the four stages A, B, C, and D, and the flower bud shedding rate was as low as below 0.2. It can be seen that the flower bud shedding rate of the four stages A, B, C, and D in the 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25 mg / L NAA treatment group was the lowest, proving that this treatment combination had the best inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea during and after transportation.

[0123] Depend on Figure 18 It can be seen that there is a significant difference in the inhibitory effect of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group and 5mg / L NAA control group on the bud abscission of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at the A and B stages ( Figure 18 A; Figure 18 B); there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at the C and D stages ( Figure 18 C; Figure 18 D). There was a significant difference in the inhibitory effect of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group and 25mg / L NAA control group on the bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at the A and B stages ( Figure 18 A; Figure 18 B); there was a significant difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at stage C ( Figure 18 C); there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect on the flower bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at the D stage ( Figure 18 D). There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group and the 5mg / L NAA control group on the bud shedding of the 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D ( Figure 18 A; Figure 18 B; Figure 18 C; Figure 18 D). There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group and the 25mg / L NAA control group on the bud shedding of California Golden Bougainvillea at stages A, B, C, and D ( Figure 18There were significant differences in the inhibitory effects of 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 25mg / L NAA treatment group and 50mg / L sugar alcohol calcium + 5mg / L NAA treatment group on the bud shedding of 'California Gold' Bougainvillea at the four stages of A, B, C, and D ( Figure 18 ).

[0124] Figure 18 A, flower bud abscission rate at stage A; B, flower bud abscission rate at stage B; C, flower bud abscission rate at stage C; D, flower bud abscission rate at stage D. Data were compared using the LSD method for significance. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (p ≤ 0.05).

[0125] The following is a further comparison of the effects of the anti-shedding agent of the present application on water red bougainvillea under open-air greenhouse conditions:

[0126] 3.7: Treatment of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea with 50mg / L Calcium Glycol + 25mg / L NAA in an open-air greenhouse

[0127] Test method for open-air greenhouse conditions:

[0128] The plantlets were sprayed using an external spraying method, using a 500ml spray bottle. Each treatment group was sprayed with 500ml of the anti-shedding agent. The anti-shedding agent was sprayed on the leaves and buds until the leaves and buds began to drip the anti-shedding agent. After spraying, the plantlets were placed in a normal environment and the changes in the length of their flowering period were observed.

[0129] 3.7.1: Experimental treatment

[0130] Refer to Table 7. A control group was selected for water spraying. A 500ml spray bottle was used to spray the anti-shedding agent onto the leaves and buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea every 3, 5, and 7 days. Four treatments were used, with five replicates per treatment. Each treatment was sprayed with 500ml of the agent.

[0131] Table 7 Treatment of different concentrations of NAA + calcium glycosides on 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea under open-air greenhouse conditions

[0132]

[0133] 3.7.2: Test results

[0134] Depend on Figure 19 It can be seen that 50 mg / L calcium glycosides + 25 mg / L NAA had no inhibitory effect on the shedding of flower buds of 'Shuihong' Bougainvillea under open-air greenhouse conditions, and even had a tendency to accelerate its shedding. The bracts of the treatment group sprayed once every three days showed burnt edges, so the concentration combination under open-air conditions still needs further exploration.

[0135] In summary, this paper studied the anti-shedding agents for post-harvest transportation of 'Shuihong' and 'California Gold' bougainvillea through simulated transportation tests and open-air greenhouse tests, and the following conclusions were drawn:

[0136] Through these experiments, we have selected a set of anti-shedding agents suitable for use during post-harvest transportation of 'Water Red' and 'California Gold' bougainvillea. These agents can be applied to bougainvillea production practices, primarily to enhance the ornamental quality of the flowers after transport. First, a specialized anti-shedding agent suitable for use during transportation of all bougainvillea varieties is sprayed before transport with a composition of 50mg / L calcium glycosides and 25mg / L NAA, supplemented with 0.1% Tween 20 as a surfactant. Allow the flowers to air-dry before transporting. This agent effectively reduces bud and leaf shedding during and after transport.

[0137] Example 1

[0138] A method for preparing a bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent comprises the following steps:

[0139] Step 1: Weigh 25 mg of α-naphthyl acetic acid powder, add a small amount of anhydrous ethanol to completely dissolve it, and then add distilled water to make up to 500 ml;

[0140] Step 2: Measure 280 μL of calcium sulfite and add it to step 1, then continue to add distilled water to finally adjust the volume to 1L to obtain an efficacy solution; the efficacy solution has a calcium sulfite concentration of 50 mg / L (i.e., the calcium ion concentration of the calcium sulfite is 50 mg / L) and a NAA (i.e., α-naphthylacetic acid) concentration of 25 mg / L;

[0141] Step 3: Measure 1 ml of Tween 20 and add it to 1 L of the efficacy solution to finally obtain the bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent.

[0142] The prepared anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves is sprayed onto the flowers and leaves until they are dripping before transportation. After drying, the bougainvillea is immediately loaded and transported, which can effectively reduce the shedding rate of the flowers and leaves of bougainvillea during and after transportation.

[0143] Considering the transportation of large quantities of bougainvillea and to facilitate the calculation of spraying time and transportation time, it is best to spray the anti-shedding agent on the flowers and leaves 2-4 hours before transportation. After the bougainvillea plants have been dried for 2-4 hours, they should be loaded and transported immediately. This can effectively reduce the shedding rate of bougainvillea flowers and leaves during and after transportation.

[0144] Alternatively, the anti-shedding agent of the present application can also be used for bougainvillea that is in a low-light environment or a lightless environment for a long time. A low-light environment refers to a specific environment where natural lighting conditions are insufficient and seriously affect people's vision. Usually, a light intensity below 50 lumens is called a low-light environment.

[0145] Example 2

[0146] Referring to the preparation method in Example 1, an anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves in Example 2 is first prepared by compounding calcium sulfitol and α-naphthyl acetic acid to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the calcium sulfitol in the efficacy solution is 49 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 26 mg / L, and then a surfactant - Tween 20 is added to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween 20 to the volume of the efficacy solution is 0.1%:1.

[0147] Example 3

[0148] Referring to the preparation method in Example 1, an anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves in Example 3 is first prepared by compounding calcium sulfitol and α-naphthyl acetic acid to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the calcium sulfitol in the efficacy solution is 51 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 24 mg / L, and then a surfactant Tween 20 is added to the efficacy solution to obtain an anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween 20 to the volume of the efficacy solution is 0.1%:1.

[0149] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A Bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent, characterized in that: First, sugar alcohol calcium and α-naphthyl acetic acid are compounded to obtain an efficacy solution, wherein the calcium ion concentration of the sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 49-51 mg / L and the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 24-26 mg / L, and then a surfactant - Tween is added to the efficacy solution to obtain the anti-shedding agent, wherein the volume ratio of the added Tween to the volume of the efficacy solution is 1:1000.

2. The anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves according to claim 1, wherein: The calcium ion concentration of the sugar alcohol calcium in the efficacy solution is 50 mg / L, the α-naphthyl acetic acid concentration is 25 mg / L, and the volume ratio of the added Tween to the efficacy solution is 1:1000.

3. The anti-shedding agent for bougainvillea flowers and leaves according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The Tween is Tween 20.

4. The preparation method of the Bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: Step 1: Dissolve α-naphthyl acetic acid in an appropriate amount of anhydrous ethanol and add an appropriate amount of water; Step 2: Dissolve the sugar alcohol calcium in an appropriate amount of water and add it to step 1. Continue adding water to adjust the volume to obtain an effective solution; Step 3: Add a surfactant-Tween based on 0.1% of the volume of the fixed efficacy solution, and mix evenly to obtain the Bougainvillea flower and leaf anti-shedding agent.

5. The use of the Bougainvillea anti-shedding agent for flowers and leaves according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The anti-shedding agent is used for bougainvillea in low-light transportation or no-light transportation, or the anti-shedding agent is used for bougainvillea in a low-light environment or no-light environment.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: Before transporting the bougainvillea, spray the anti-shedding agent until the flowers and leaves drip water, and then load and transport immediately after drying.

7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: Spray the anti-shedding agent until the flowers and leaves drip water 2-4 hours before transporting the bougainvillea, and then load and transport it after drying.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: Spray the anti-shedding agent until the flowers and leaves drip water 2 hours before transporting the bougainvillea, and then load and transport after drying.

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