Detachable step steel rail matched with TBM and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a TBM rear matching detachable step steel rail, which comprises a first steel rail, a plurality of steel rail support structures and a side connecting assembly, the side connecting assembly and the steel rail support structure are detachably connected, the steel rail support structure comprises first sleeper assemblies connected together, each first sleeper assembly comprises a first upper sleeper, a first lower sleeper and a first support column for connecting the first upper sleeper and the first lower sleeper together, and the first upper sleepers of two first sleeper assemblies and the first lower sleepers of two first sleeper assemblies are detachably connected through first connecting assemblies. The steel rail support structure is detachably connected, the side connecting assembly and the first sleeper assembly are detachably connected, and the detachment is simple and convenient. In addition, the length of the step steel rail is twice that of the rear matching trolley, when the rear matching trolley runs to the front end, the part of the step steel rail behind the trolley can be removed, and the removed part can be installed on the front side of the trolley again, so that the material is saved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a TBM rear matching detachable step steel rail, and to a construction method of the TBM rear matching detachable step steel rail. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel construction, open TBM and double shield TBM need to step a distance before starting excavation. However, due to the height difference between the bottom surface of the TBM shield and the tread surface of the TBM rear matching walking wheel, the tread surface of the walking wheel is higher than the bottom surface of the shield, which means that the track of the TBM rear matching walking wheel needs to be raised.

[0003] The existing TBM step track raising methods mainly include cast-in-place concrete pier and welded steel frame. However, after the step is completed or the project is completed, the concrete pier is scrapped after being removed; the removal of the welded steel frame also adopts gas cutting, resulting in the scrap of the welded steel frame. Therefore, both of these two raising methods waste materials. The longer the step distance is, the longer the welded steel structure sleeper needs to be, the more concrete piers are needed, and the more materials are needed for track laying, resulting in high construction cost. In addition, the open TBM rear matching trolley and the material conveying locomotive need their own tracks, resulting in a wide step track gauge, while the double shield TBM rear matching trolley and the diesel locomotive share a track, resulting in a narrow track, which further leads to the fact that the welded steel frame cannot be used universally, further increasing the construction cost.

[0004] In summary, it is necessary to design a rear matching step steel frame that can be reused and can be mode-converted (i.e., suitable for both open TBM and double shield TBM). SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the first purpose of the present application is to provide a TBM rear matching detachable step steel rail. The second purpose of the present application is to provide a construction method of the TBM rear matching detachable step steel rail.

[0006] To achieve the above purposes, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The TBM rear matching dismountable step steel rail provided by the application comprises a first steel rail matched with a TBM rear matching trolley, further comprises a plurality of steel rail support structures arranged at intervals along the length direction of a tunnel and a side connecting assembly connecting the steel rail support structures together, and the side connecting assembly and the steel rail support structures are in dismountable connection; each steel rail support structure comprises a pair of first sleeper assemblies connected together, each first sleeper assembly comprises a first upper sleeper, a first lower sleeper and a first support column connecting the first upper sleeper and the first lower sleeper together, and the first upper sleepers of the two first sleeper assemblies and the first lower sleepers of the two first sleeper assemblies are in dismountable connection through a first connecting assembly.

[0008] The beneficial effect is that the steel rail support structure in the application is connected by a pair of first sleeper assemblies, and the two first sleeper assemblies are in dismountable connection, and the side connecting assembly and the first sleeper assembly are in dismountable connection, so that the construction is simple and convenient, and the walking requirements of the double shield TBM rear matching trolley and the diesel locomotive can be met.

[0009] In addition, the length of the step steel rail is preferably 2 times the length of the TBM rear matching trolley, and when the TBM rear matching trolley runs to the front end, the part of the step steel rail behind the trolley can be dismounted, and the dismounted part can be installed on the front side of the trolley again, so that the track support material can be greatly saved, material waste can be avoided, and the engineering investment of the rear matching track project can be reduced.

[0010] Preferably, the side connecting assembly comprises a lower connecting piece fixedly connecting a plurality of first lower sleepers on the same side together and a plurality of upper connecting pieces fixedly connecting a plurality of first support columns on the same side together, a side connecting plate is welded on each first support column, both ends of each upper connecting piece are connected with two adjacent side connecting plates one by one, and the adjacent side connecting plates are arranged in an up-down staggered manner to make the upper connecting piece be arranged in an inclined manner.

[0011] More preferably, an end connecting plate is welded on the outer end of each first lower sleeper, the lower connecting piece is connected with a plurality of end connecting plates one by one through a plurality of first pin shafts, and a first split pin is inserted into the end of each first pin shaft. Each end of the upper connecting piece is welded with a first clamping plate in an L-shaped structure, the first clamping plate and the upper connecting piece form a first clamping groove matched with the side connecting plate, the side connecting plate is inserted into the first clamping groove and fixed through a second pin shaft, and a second split pin is inserted into the end of the second pin shaft.

[0012] The beneficial effects are that: the upper connecting pieces can be used to connect the first support columns on the same side two by two, so that the plurality of rail support structures are sequentially connected together to form a whole, facilitating construction and also ensuring the support performance; the lower connecting pieces are used to connect the second lower sleepers on the same side together, and the upper connecting pieces and the lower connecting pieces can form a plurality of triangular frames, improving the stability of the rail support structure. In addition, the upper connecting piece end of the present application has a clamping groove, the side connecting plate is inserted into the clamping groove and connected by a pin shaft, effectively avoiding the loosening of the connection node.

[0013] Preferably, the top of each first support column is provided with a mounting piece, and a first pressing unit for fixing the first rail is arranged on the mounting piece, the first pressing unit comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged first seat plates and a pair of symmetrically arranged first pressing plates, one first pressing plate is inserted into the first seat plate, and the first seat plate and the first pressing plate are connected together by a third pin shaft, and the end of the third pin shaft is inserted with a third split pin. More preferably, the bottom edge of the first pressing plate is an inclined edge matched with the bottom flange of the first rail.

[0014] In another embodiment of the present application, the rail support structure further comprises a second sleeper assembly arranged between two first sleeper assemblies, the second sleeper assembly comprises a second upper sleeper, a second lower sleeper and a pair of second support columns arranged at intervals, the second upper sleeper connects two first upper sleepers together, the second lower sleeper connects two first lower sleepers together, and the two second support columns connect the second upper sleeper and the second lower sleeper together.

[0015] The first upper sleeper and the second upper sleeper, and the first lower sleeper and the second lower sleeper are connected together by a second connecting assembly respectively, the second connecting assembly comprises an end plate welded to the end of the second upper sleeper or the end of the second lower sleeper, and a second clamping plate welded to the end plate, and further comprises a middle connecting plate welded to the end of the first upper sleeper or the end of the first lower sleeper, the end plate and the second clamping plate enclose a second clamping groove matched with the middle connecting plate, the middle connecting plate is inserted into the second clamping groove and connected together by a fourth pin shaft, and the end of the fourth pin shaft is inserted with a fourth split pin.

[0016] The beneficial effects are that: the first rail track gauge on the first sleeper assembly is increased by installing a second sleeper assembly between the first sleeper assemblies, and the second rail can also be installed on the second sleeper assembly, which can be applied to open TBM. In actual assembly, the flexible switching between open TBM and double shield TBM can be realized by whether the second sleeper assembly is installed or not.

[0017] Preferably, the application further comprises a second steel rail and a second pressing unit for fixing the second steel rail; the second pressing unit is arranged on the second upper tie plate corresponding to each second support column, and comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged second base plates and a pair of symmetrically arranged second pressing plates, one second pressing plate is inserted into each second base plate and connected through a fifth pin shaft, and the end of the fifth pin shaft is inserted with a fifth split pin.

[0018] The application also provides a construction method of the detachable stepped steel rail for TBM.

[0019] Step S1: one first tie plate assembly is placed on each side of the second tie plate assembly, and the second tie plate assembly and each first tie plate assembly are fixed and connected together through a pin shaft to obtain a steel rail support structure with a large track gauge;

[0020] Alternatively, two first tie plate assemblies with the same structure are symmetrically placed and aligned, and the two first tie plate assemblies are fixed and connected together through a pin shaft to obtain a steel rail support structure with a small track gauge;

[0021] Step S2: repeating step S1, sequentially assembling to obtain multiple steel rail support structures, and placing the multiple steel rail support structures at a designed interval;

[0022] Step S3: using a pin shaft to fix the two ends of the connecting angle steel on the two first tie plate assemblies in the same column respectively, and using the connecting angle steel and the pin shaft to connect the first tie plate assemblies in the same column two by two;

[0023] Step S4: using a pin shaft to fix the first lower tie plate of the first tie plate assembly in the same column on the longitudinal angle steel respectively, and using the longitudinal angle steel to connect the first lower tie plate in the same column together;

[0024] Step S5: erecting the first steel rail on the first support column of the first tie plate assembly in the same column, ensuring that the first steel rail is located between each pair of first base plates of the first support column, inserting a first pressing plate on each pair of first base plates respectively, pressing the inclined edge of the two first pressing plates on the bottom flange of the first steel rail, and fixing the first pressing plate on the first base plate through a pin shaft; repeating the above steps to press the first steel rail on multiple first support columns in the same column;

[0025] For the open type TBM, the second steel rail needs to be fixed on the second tie plate assembly to meet the material transportation demand of the diesel locomotive.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, each connecting node of the present application is designed as a clamping plate, an end plate and a pin shaft, each connecting node is connected through the pin shaft, which is more convenient and faster than the traditional bolt connection, and can avoid the situation that the nuts are difficult to remove due to rust after long-term use. In addition, the first sleeper assembly and the second sleeper assembly removed can be connected again by using the connecting angle steel and the longitudinal angle steel, which can be reused, saves materials, reduces material cost, and solves the technical problems that the existing TBM supporting step-by-step rail raising material cannot be reused and the material consumption is large. Furthermore, the step length of the present application can be controlled to be 2 times the length of the TBM supporting trolley, when the TBM supporting trolley runs to the front end, the part of the step-by-step rail behind the trolley can be removed, and the removed part is installed on the front side of the trolley, which is repeated, so that the track support material can be greatly saved, the material waste can be avoided, and the material cost of the step-by-step rail raising steel frame is further reduced.

[0027] The width of each rail support structure of the present application can be flexibly controlled, when the second sleeper assembly is connected between the first sleeper assemblies, it can be applied to the needs of open TBM; when the first sleeper assemblies are directly connected together, the spacing of the first rails is smaller, which can be applied to double shield TBM, and can meet the two kinds of TBM at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 is a connecting schematic diagram of the first support column and the first rail of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the connecting angle steel and the side connecting plate in

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of A part in

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 1 is a top view of

[0033] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B part in

[0034] Figure 7 is Figure 1 is a side view of

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present application (applicable to double shield TBM).

[0036] Figure 9 is Figure 8 is a top view of

[0037] Figure 10 is Figure 8 a side view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration and are not limitative of the present application. The present application is implemented on the premise of the technical solutions of the present application, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, the relationship terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations.

[0040] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Embodiment one: open type TBM rear matching dismountable step steel rail and construction method

[0042] In combination Figures 1-7 It can be known that the open type TBM rear matching dismountable step steel rail comprises a first steel rail 1 (the first steel rail 1 is two) matched with an open type TBM rear matching trolley, a second steel rail 2 (the second steel rail 2 is two) matched with a diesel locomotive, a plurality of steel rail support structures for supporting the first steel rail 1 and the second steel rail 2 and a plurality of side connecting assemblies for connecting the steel rail support structures together.

[0043] Each steel rail support structure comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged first sleeper assemblies 3 and a second sleeper assembly 4 arranged between the welds of the two first sleeper assemblies 3, each first sleeper assembly weld comprises a first upper sleeper 3.1, a first upper sleeper 3.1 and a first support column 3.3 connecting the first upper sleeper 3.1 and the first lower sleeper 3.2 together.

[0044] The second sleeper assembly 4 comprises a second upper sleeper 4.1, a second lower sleeper 4.2 and a pair of second support columns 4.3 arranged at intervals, the bottom of each second support column 4.3 is welded on the second lower sleeper 4.2 and the top is welded on the second upper sleeper 4.1.

[0045] The connecting end of the second upper rail sleeper 4.1 and the connecting end of the second lower rail sleeper 4.2 are vertically aligned, and the connecting end of the first upper rail sleeper 3.1 and the connecting end of the first lower rail sleeper 3.2 are vertically aligned, which effectively ensures the quick connection between the first rail sleeper assembly 3 and the second rail sleeper assembly 4; in addition, the length of the first lower rail sleeper 3.2 is greater than the length of the first upper rail sleeper 3.1, which effectively ensures the support stability of the steel rail support structure.

[0046] In actual processing, the first support column 3.3 and the second support column 4.3 are both I-shaped steel, and the first upper rail sleeper 3.1, the second upper rail sleeper 4.1, the first lower rail sleeper 3.2 and the second lower rail sleeper 4.2 are all angle steel.

[0047] In actual installation, the first rail sleeper assembly 3 and the second rail sleeper assembly 4 are detachably connected, the first upper rail sleeper 3.1 and the second upper rail sleeper 4.1 are connected by a pair of second connecting assemblies, and the first lower rail sleeper 3.2 and the second lower rail sleeper 4.2 are also detachably connected by a pair of second connecting assemblies. In this embodiment, the connection between the first upper rail sleeper 3.1 and the second upper rail sleeper 4.1 is taken as an example to make a detailed description of the second connecting assembly: in combination with Figure 1 It can be seen that the second connecting assembly comprises an end plate 5.1 welded to the connecting end of the second upper rail sleeper 4.1 and a second clamping plate 5.2 welded to the end plate 5.1, the second clamping plate 5.2 is L-shaped, and the second clamping plate 5.2 and the end plate 5.1 form a second clamping groove with the opening downward; the second connecting assembly further comprises a middle connecting plate 5.3 welded to the end of the first upper rail sleeper 3.1, the second clamping groove is clamped on the middle connecting plate 5.3 from top to bottom and connected together through a fourth pin shaft 5.4, and the end of the fourth pin shaft 5.4 is inserted with a fourth split pin, which is simple and convenient to disassemble and assemble.

[0048] In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the two sides of the second rail sleeper assembly 4 are both provided with the first rail sleeper assembly 3, and since the steel rail support structure is multiple and arranged at intervals, the first rail sleeper assembly 3 is two rows. Correspondingly, the side connecting assembly is two, which connects the first rail sleeper assemblies 3 on the same side together.

[0049] In combination with Figures 2-3 , 5 and 7, it can be seen that the side connecting assembly comprises a lower connecting piece (i.e. longitudinal angle steel 6.1) for fixedly connecting a plurality of first lower rail sleepers 3.2 on the same side together and a plurality of upper connecting pieces (i.e. connecting angle steel 6.2) for fixedly connecting a plurality of first support columns 3.3 on the same side together. The outer side of the first support column 3.3 is welded with a side connecting plate 6.6 (the side connecting plate 6.6 is longitudinally arranged and vertically parallel to the longitudinal angle steel 6.1), and the two ends of the connecting angle steel 6.2 are connected with the side connecting plate 6.6 one by one, so as to connect the second support column 4.3 two by two through the connecting angle steel 6.2, so that the first rail sleeper assemblies 3 on the same side are connected to form a whole.

[0050] Combining Figure 2 And Figure 5 It can be seen that the outer end of each first lower rail sleeper 3.2 is welded with an end connecting plate 6.3, and the longitudinal angle steel 6.1 is connected with the end connecting plate 6.3 of each first lower rail sleeper 3.2 through a plurality of first pin shafts 6.4. Among them, the end connecting plate 6.3 is made of a steel plate and is arranged longitudinally, the end connecting plate 6.3 is attached to the vertical flange of the longitudinal angle steel 6.1, and the end connecting plate 6.3 can be pre-welded on the first lower rail sleeper 3.2. When assembling, the first pin shaft 6.4 is inserted through the end connecting plate 6.3 and the longitudinal angle steel 6.1 and a first open pin is inserted to realize the connection of the first lower rail sleeper 3.2 and the longitudinal angle steel 6.1, and then the longitudinal angle steel 6.1 is used to connect the first lower rail sleepers 3.2 on the same side together, and then the rail support structure is connected to form a whole.

[0051] In actual installation, in order to ensure the reliability of the end connecting plate 6.3 and the longitudinal angle steel 6.1, two or more first pin shafts 6.4 are connected between each end connecting plate 6.3 and the longitudinal angle steel 6.1.

[0052] Combining Figure 3 And Figure 7 It can be seen that each end of the connecting angle steel 6.2 is welded with a first clamping plate 6.5 in an L-shaped structure, the first clamping plate 6.5 and the connecting angle steel 6.2 form a first clamping groove matched with the side connecting plate 6.6, the side connecting plate 6.6 is inserted into the first clamping groove and fixed through the second pin shaft 6.7, and the end of the second pin shaft 6.7 is inserted with a second open pin. Among them, the side connecting plate 6.6 is arranged longitudinally and parallel to the longitudinal angle steel 6.1, and the two ends of the side connecting plate 6.6 are both connecting ends for installing the connecting angle steel 6.2, which can effectively prevent the node from loosening.

[0053] Combining Figure 3 And 7 It can be seen that the adjacent two side connecting plates 6.6 are arranged in an up-down staggered manner to make the connecting angle steel 6.2 inclined, thereby improving the overall stability of the present application. Among them, for the sake of distinction, the lower side connecting plate 6.6 is marked as side connecting plate 6.6I, and the upper side connecting plate 6.6 is marked as side connecting plate 6.6II. During installation, one end of the connecting angle steel 6.2 is clamped on the side connecting plate 6.6I, and the other end is clamped on the side connecting plate 6.6II, then the second pin shaft 6.7 is inserted, and the second open pin is inserted on the second pin shaft 6.7 to realize the installation of the connecting angle steel 6.2; repeat the above steps, and the first support column 3.3 is connected by the connecting angle steel 6.2, and the first support columns 3.3 on the same side are connected together.

[0054] The application connects multiple vertically arranged first support columns 3.3 together by multiple obliquely arranged connecting angle steels 6.2, connects multiple first lower sleepers 3.2 on the same side together by longitudinal angle steels 6.1, and connects the first sleeper assembly 3 and the second sleeper assembly 4 together, thereby forming a whole and ensuring the stability of the whole.

[0055] In order to improve the on-site assembly efficiency, multiple angle steels with the same length can be pre-cut as the connecting angle steels 6.2, and L-shaped first clamping plates 6.5 are welded at each end of the connecting angle steels 6.2; in addition, an end connecting plate 6.3 is pre-welded at the outer end of each first lower sleeper 3.2, and only assembly is required on site.

[0056] In combination Figure 1 and 2 It can be seen that the top of each first support column 3.3 is provided with a mounting piece (using a transverse angle steel 7.1 parallel to the first upper sleeper 3.1), and the transverse angle steel 7.1 is provided with a first pressing unit for fixing the first rail 1, the first pressing unit comprising a pair of symmetrically arranged first seat plates 7.2 and a pair of symmetrically arranged first pressing plates 7.3, one first pressing plate 7.3 being inserted into each first seat plate 7.2, and the first seat plate 7.2 and the first pressing plate 7.3 being connected together by a third pin shaft 7.4, and the end of the third pin shaft 7.4 being inserted with a third split pin 7.5. The bottom of the first pressing plate 7.3 has a bevel edge with the first rail 1, and the two first pressing plates 7.3 are symmetrically arranged to achieve spaced fixing of the first rail 1 and ensure the fixing effect.

[0057] In combination Figures 1-2 and 5, it can be seen that the first seat plate 7.2 comprises a pair of first clamping plates arranged at intervals, and the interval of the clamping plates is consistent with the thickness of the first pressing plate 7.3. In actual installation, two pairs of first clamping plates are first welded on the transverse angle steel 7.1 of each first support column 3.3, the first rail 1 is erected on the transverse angle steel 7.1 on the same side, and the first rail 1 is located between the two pairs of first clamping plates, then the first pressing plate 7.3 is inserted into the clamping groove formed by each pair of first clamping plates, so that the bevel edge of the first pressing plate 7.3 is pressed on the bottom flange of the first rail 1, the third pin shaft 7.4 passes through the first clamping plate and the first pressing plate 7.3, and then the third split pin 7.5 is inserted to achieve the fixing of one first pressing plate 7.3; repeat the above steps to fix the other first pressing plate 7.3, since the two first pressing plates 7.3 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right and pressed on the bottom flange of the first rail 1, the effective fixing of the first rail 1 is achieved.

[0058] In combination Figure 1 It can be seen that two second pressing units are arranged at intervals on the second upper sleeper 4.1 corresponding to each second support column 4.3, thereby spacing the second rail 2 and fixing it on the second upper sleeper 4.1.

[0059] In combinationFigure 1 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the structure of the second pressing unit is the same as that of the first pressing unit, which includes a pair of symmetrically arranged second seat plates 8.1 and a pair of symmetrically arranged second pressing plates 8.2, and the bottom of the second pressing plate 8.2 has an inclined edge matched with the second rail 2. The second seat plate 8.1 includes a pair of second clamping plates arranged at intervals, and the interval of the second clamping plate is consistent with the thickness of the second pressing plate 8.2. In actual installation, the second rail 2 is erected on the second upper rail tie 4.1 and located between the two second seat plates 8.1, the second pressing plate 8.2 is inserted into the clamping slot formed by each pair of second clamping plates, the inclined edge of the second pressing plate 8.2 is pressed on the bottom flange of the first rail 1, the fifth pin shaft 8.3 is inserted through the second clamping plate and the second pressing plate 8.2, and then the fifth open pin 8.4 is inserted to realize the fixation of one second pressing plate 8.2; repeat the above steps to fix the other second pressing plate 8.2; repeat the above steps to connect the second rail 2 with the second pressing unit arranged in the same column one by one to realize the fixation of the first rail 1.

[0060] The construction method of the open type TBM rear supporting detachable step rail in the embodiment comprises:

[0061] Step S1: one first rail tie assembly 3 is placed on both sides of the second rail tie assembly 4, and the second rail tie assembly 4 is lifted up and then placed down, so that the second clamping slots at both ends of the second rail tie assembly 4 are respectively and correspondingly clamped on the middle connecting plates 5.3 of the first rail tie assemblies 3 and fixed by the fourth pin shafts 5.4, thereby completing the fixation of one piece of rail supporting structure; specifically, the second clamping slots at both ends of the second upper rail tie 4.1 are correspondingly clamped on the middle connecting plates 5.3 of the two first upper rail ties 3.1, and the second clamping slots at both ends of the second lower rail tie 4.2 are correspondingly clamped on the middle connecting plates 5.3 of the two second lower rail ties 4.2, and then the fourth pin shafts 5.4 are connected respectively and the fourth open pin is inserted on each fourth pin shaft 5.4;

[0062] Step S2: repeat step S1 to sequentially assemble multiple pieces of rail supporting structure, and place the multiple pieces of rail supporting structure at a designed interval;

[0063] Step S3: utilize multiple connecting angle steels 6.2 to sequentially connect the first supporting columns 3.3 on the same side together; one end of the connecting angle steel 6.2 is clamped on the side connecting plate 6.6I and the other end is clamped on the side connecting plate 6.6II, the second pin shaft 6.7 is inserted through the connecting angle steel 6.2 and the side connecting plate 6.6I, and a second open pin is inserted on the end of the second pin shaft 6.7 to realize the fixed connection of the connecting angle steel 6.2 and the side connecting plate 6.6I;

[0064] Similarly, the second pin shaft 6.7 is passed through the connecting angle steel 6.2 and the side connecting plate 6.6II, and a second open pin is inserted at the end of the second pin shaft 6.7, to realize the fixed connection of the connecting angle steel 6.2 and the side connecting plate 6.6II;

[0065] The above operation is repeated to connect the first support columns 3.3 on the same side two by two, thereby realizing the connection of the first rail sleeper assembly 3 on the same side, and finally connecting the first support columns 3.3 in another column two by two according to the above operation;

[0066] Of course, in actual assembly, the connecting angle steels 6.2 on both sides of the rail support structure can also be assembled at the same time;

[0067] In step S4, the first lower rail sleepers 3.2 on the same side are connected by using longitudinal angle steels 6.1, specifically: the longitudinal angle steels 6.1 are placed on the outside of each column of first rail sleeper assemblies 3, so that the end connecting plates 6.3 arranged longitudinally are attached to the side flanges of the longitudinal angle steels 6.1, then the end connecting plates 6.3 are fixed on the longitudinal angle steels 6.1 by using first pin shafts 6.4, and a first open pin is inserted at the end of the first pin shaft 6.4; in order to ensure the reliable connection of the end connecting plates 6.3 and the longitudinal angle steels 6.1, the end connecting plates 6.3 and the longitudinal angle steels 6.1 can be connected by two or more first pin shafts 6.4;

[0068] When the longitudinal angle steels 6.1 and the connecting angle steels 6.2 are installed, the plurality of rail support structures form a whole through the connecting angle steels 6.2 and the longitudinal angle steels 6.1, which has high structural strength and stability; in addition, the connecting angle steels 6.2 and the longitudinal angle steels 6.1 form stable triangular structures every two rows, which further ensures the stability;

[0069] In step S5, the first rail 1 is erected on the first support columns 3.3 in the same column, and the first rail 1 is ensured to be located between each pair of first seat plates 7.2, a first pressing plate 7.3 is inserted on each pair of first seat plates 7.2, the inclined edges of the two first pressing plates 7.3 are pressed on the bottom flanges of the first rail 1, and then the first pressing plates 7.3 are fixed on the first seat plates 7.2 by using third pin shafts 7.4; thus, the first pressing plate 7.3 of each first pressing unit is fixed on the first support column 3.3 and presses the first rail 1;

[0070] The above operation is repeated to erect and fix another first rail 1 on another column of first support columns 3.3, and two second rails 2 are erected on the second upper rail sleepers 4.1 and fixed by using second pressing units.

[0071] The various nodes of the present application are connected by pin shafts, such as between the first sleeper assembly 3 and the second sleeper assembly 4, between the longitudinal angle steel 6.1 and the first lower sleeper 3.2, between the side connecting plate 6.6 and the connecting angle steel 6.2, and between the pressing plate and the seat plate. When disassembling, the split pin and the pin shaft are pulled out in sequence to achieve disassembly, which is high in disassembly efficiency.

[0072] In addition, in actual installation, the total length of the open type TBM rear supporting disassembling step-by-step steel rail is preferably 2 times of the TBM rear supporting trolley, and when the TBM rear supporting trolley runs to the front end, the part of the step-by-step steel rail behind the trolley can be disassembled and installed on the front side of the trolley, and thus the track supporting material can be greatly saved, material waste can be avoided, and the project investment of the rear supporting track project can be reduced.

[0073] Embodiment two: disassembling step-by-step steel rail for double shield TBM rear supporting and construction method

[0074] Since the distance between the steel rails matched by the double shield TBM is short and only two, the disassembling step-by-step steel rail in the embodiment does not need the second sleeper assembly 4, the second pressing unit and the second steel rail 2. Figures 8-10 It can be known that the steel rail supporting structure in the embodiment is connected by two first sleeper assemblies 3 which are the same in structure, that is, two first upper sleepers 3.1 are fixedly connected together, and two first lower sleepers 3.2 are fixedly connected together.

[0075] In actual installation, the end of each first lower sleeper 3.2 has a middle connecting plate 5.3, the middle connecting plates 5.3 of the two first lower sleepers 3.2 are aligned and clamped with a U-shaped clamp 5.5, then the U-shaped clamp 5.5 and the two middle connecting plates are connected in sequence by using a sixth pin shaft 5.6, and a sixth split pin is inserted at the end of the sixth pin shaft 5.6. Figures 8-10 .

[0076] The construction method of the disassembling step-by-step steel rail for double shield TBM rear supporting in the present application comprises the following steps:

[0077] The two first sleeper assemblies 3 are symmetrically placed and aligned, a U-shaped clamp 5.5 is clamped on the middle connecting plate 5.3 between the two first lower sleepers 3.2, then the U-shaped clamp 5.5 and the middle connecting plate 5.3 are connected by using a sixth pin shaft 5.6, and a sixth split pin is inserted at the end of the sixth pin shaft 5.6 to realize the connection of the two first lower sleepers 3.2; the two first upper sleepers 3.1 are connected and fixedly connected together in this installation mode, and the splicing of a piece of steel rail supporting structure is completed, see Figure 8 ; the remaining steps are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0078] In the present application, the dismountable rail support structure can adopt two first sleeper assemblies 3 which are the same in structure to meet the advancing requirement of the double shield TBM, and the rail support structure can also install a second sleeper assembly 4 between the two first sleeper assemblies 3 to meet the advancing requirement of the open TBM.

[0079] In the present application, since each connecting joint is connected by a pin shaft and a split pin, the connection is faster than the traditional bolt connection, and the dismounting difficulty caused by rust of nuts after long time use can be avoided; in addition, the step rail in the present application can be reused, and can be used not only for the double shield TBM but also for the open TBM, so the utilization rate is high, and the construction cost is further reduced.

[0080] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified without creative labor, or some technical features can be replaced equivalently. Thus, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A detachable step steel rail for TBM rear matching, comprising a first steel rail matched with a TBM rear matching trolley; characterized in that: The tunnel rail support structure also comprises a plurality of rail support structures arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel and a plurality of side connecting assemblies connecting the rail support structures together, and the side connecting assemblies and the rail support structures are detachably connected; each rail support structure comprises a pair of first sleeper assemblies connected together, each first sleeper assembly comprises a first upper sleeper, a first lower sleeper and a first support column connecting the first upper sleeper and the first lower sleeper together; the first upper sleepers of the two first sleeper assemblies and the first lower sleepers of the two first sleeper assemblies are detachably connected by first connecting assemblies; The side connecting assembly comprises a lower connecting piece connecting a plurality of first lower sleepers on the same side together and a plurality of upper connecting pieces connecting a plurality of first support columns on the same side together, each first support column is welded with a side connecting plate, and the two ends of each upper connecting piece are connected with two adjacent side connecting plates one by one, and the adjacent side connecting plates are arranged in a staggered manner to make the upper connecting piece be arranged in an inclined manner. The rail support structure also comprises a second sleeper assembly connecting the two first sleeper assemblies together, the second sleeper assembly comprises a second upper sleeper, a second lower sleeper and a pair of second support columns arranged at intervals, the second upper sleeper connects the two first upper sleepers together, the second lower sleeper connects the two first lower sleepers together, and the two second support columns connect the second upper sleeper and the second lower sleeper together. The first upper sleeper and the second upper sleeper and the first lower sleeper and the second lower sleeper are connected together by second connecting assemblies respectively, the second connecting assembly comprises an end plate welded on the end of the second upper sleeper or the second lower sleeper and a second clamping plate welded on the end plate, and further comprises a middle connecting plate welded on the end of the first upper sleeper or the first lower sleeper, the end plate and the second clamping plate form a second clamping groove matched with the middle connecting plate, the middle connecting plate is inserted into the second clamping groove and connected together by a fourth pin shaft, and the end of the fourth pin shaft is inserted with a fourth split pin.

2. The detachable step rail for TBM rear assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end of each first lower sleeper is welded with an end connecting plate, the lower connecting piece is connected with a plurality of end connecting plates one by one by a plurality of first pin shafts, and the end of each first pin shaft is inserted with a first split pin.

3. The detachable step rail for TBM rear assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each end of the upper connecting piece is welded with a first clamping plate in an L-shaped structure, the first clamping plate and the upper connecting piece form a first clamping groove matched with the side connecting plate, the side connecting plate is inserted into the first clamping groove and fixed by a second pin shaft, and the end of the second pin shaft is inserted with a second split pin.

4. The detachable step rail for TBM rear assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The top of each first support column is provided with a mounting piece, the mounting piece is provided with a first pressing unit for fixing the first rail, the first pressing unit comprises a pair of symmetrically arranged first seat plates and a pair of symmetrically arranged first pressing plates, one first pressing plate is inserted into each first seat plate, and the first seat plate and the first pressing plate are connected together by a third pin shaft, and the end of the third pin shaft is inserted with a third split pin.

5. The detachable step rail for TBM rear assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom edge of the first pressing plate is an inclined edge matched with the bottom flange of the first rail.

6. The detachable step rail for TBM rear assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The second rail and a second pressing unit for fixing the second rail are further included; the second pressing unit is arranged on the second upper sleeper corresponding to each second support column, and includes a pair of symmetrically arranged second seat plates and a pair of symmetrically arranged second pressing plates, one second pressing plate is inserted into each second seat plate and connected through a fifth pin shaft, and a fifth split pin is inserted into the end of the fifth pin shaft.

7. A method of constructing a detachable step rail for a TBM rear assembly according to claim 4, wherein, The application further comprises: Step S1, placing one first sleeper assembly on each side of the second sleeper assembly, and fixing the second sleeper assembly and each first sleeper assembly together by using a pin shaft to obtain a large-gauge rail support structure; Or, placing two first sleeper assemblies of the same structure symmetrically and in alignment, and fixing the two first sleeper assemblies together by using a pin shaft to obtain a small-gauge rail support structure; Step S2, repeating step S1 to sequentially assemble multiple rail support structures, and placing the multiple rail support structures at a designed interval; Step S3, fixing the two ends of the connecting angle steel to the two first sleeper assemblies in the same column respectively by using a pin shaft, and connecting the first sleeper assemblies in the same column two by two by using the connecting angle steel and the pin shaft; Step S4, fixing the first lower sleepers of the first sleeper assemblies in the same column to the longitudinal angle steel respectively by using a pin shaft, and connecting the first lower sleepers in the same column together by using the longitudinal angle steel; Step S5, erecting the first rail on the first support columns of the first sleeper assemblies in the same column, ensuring that the first rail is located between each pair of first seat plates of the first support columns, inserting a first pressing plate on each pair of first seat plates respectively, pressing the inclined edges of the two first pressing plates on the bottom flange of the first rail, and fixing the first pressing plates on the first seat plates by using a pin shaft; repeating the above steps to press the first rail on multiple first support columns in the same column.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: The step S5 further comprises fixing the second rail on the second sleeper assemblies in the same column.

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