A tunnel ring piece connecting structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping

Abstract

The application provides a tunnel ring piece connecting structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping, which comprises a three-dimensional flexible damping device for connecting two adjacent tunnel ring pieces, the three-dimensional flexible damping device comprises two pull rods which are symmetrically arranged, the two pull rods penetrate through connecting blocks on the two tunnel ring pieces which are in butt joint with each other, a spherical hinge rod is connected between the two pull rods, a plurality of steel wire rope rings are uniformly arranged between the two pull rods along the circumference of the spherical hinge rod, and an axial elastic energy dissipation component is sleeved on one end of the two pull rods which penetrates through the connecting block. The three-dimensional flexible damping device is hinged between the two pull rods which connect the tunnel ring pieces respectively by using the spherical hinge rod, so that the two tunnel ring pieces can form a hinged structure when shearing force or bending moment is borne. When the tunnel ring piece is subjected to tension, the axial elastic energy dissipation component generates radial deformation to dissipate energy and provide resetting ability after deformation. When the tunnel ring piece is subjected to shearing force or bending moment, the stress received is dissipated by deformation of the steel wire rope ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel structure energy dissipation and vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a tunnel ring plate connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of tunnel engineering in my country, more and more ultra-large diameter long tunnels will inevitably cross areas with extreme geological environments. As lifelines, how to quickly restore tunnels to their original functional state after being subjected to strong earthquakes is a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of tunnel seismic resistance. For example, the traditional method of increasing the grade of inter-ring bolts has limited effect on reducing tunnel damage, and the damage locations are relatively dispersed, which is not conducive to post-earthquake repair work. Another example is using "flexible structure" as a design concept, replacing ordinary connecting bolts with flexible materials at key tunnel joints. Although this can concentrate tunnel deformation in the area where the flexible material is located, the flexible material has low stiffness. Without limiting measures, it is easy for this area to experience large deformations that exceed the waterproof limit or affect the overall continuity of the tunnel, which may lead to the loss of tunnel function. At the same time, when crossing extreme geological environments (such as geological abrupt changes, fault crossings, etc.), tunnels often need to face complex and multi-coupled stress conditions. Current tunnel vibration reduction measures are basically only for axial tension, and lack measures to deal with tunnels under shear and bending conditions, resulting in relatively limited improvement in tunnel damage.

[0003] In summary, existing tunnel vibration reduction measures cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of energy dissipation and vibration reduction, deformation restriction, adaptive three-dimensional soil layer displacement, and rapid recovery. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of flexible tunnel vibration reduction device with three-dimensional vibration reduction characteristics, limiting measures, and self-resetting capability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping, which improves the tensile, shear and bending resistance at the connection between two adjacent tunnel rings.

[0005] This invention provides a tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping, including a three-dimensional flexible damping device for connecting two adjacent tunnel rings. The three-dimensional flexible damping device includes two symmetrically arranged tie rods, each of which passes through a connecting block on one of the two tunnel rings. A ball joint rod connects the two tie rods, with both ends of the ball joint rod being ball-jointed to the two tie rods. Several wire rope loops are evenly installed along the circumference of the ball joint rod between the two tie rods. An axial elastic energy dissipation component is fitted onto one end of each tie rod that passes through the connecting block.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial elastic energy dissipation component is a ring spring or a disc spring.

[0007] Furthermore, the tie rod includes a joint bolt and a cover plate that are fixedly connected to each other. The end of the joint bolt and the cover plate are combined to form a ball-and-socket cavity. The center end face of the cover plate is open and extends into the ball-and-socket cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular clamp for fixing the wire rope ring is fixedly installed on the side of the cover plate away from the joint bolt. The annular clamp has several inner grooves evenly distributed along the circumference on the side of the cover plate near the cover plate, and the wire rope ring passes through and is fixed in the inner groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the ball joint includes a handle and balls fixed at both ends thereto, the balls being fitted into the inner cavity of the ball socket.

[0010] Furthermore, a water-stop pad is provided at the joint of the two tunnel ring pieces, and a water-stop strip is installed on the inner arc surface at the connection of the two tunnel ring pieces.

[0011] Furthermore, the water-stop pad is made of rubber material, and the water-stop strip is an Omega water-stop strip.

[0012] Furthermore, gaskets are installed on both sides of the axial elastic energy dissipation component on the tie rod.

[0013] Furthermore, an anti-loosening nut is installed at the end of the pull rod away from the cover plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the ball handle is smaller than the diameter of the opening at the center end face of the cover plate.

[0015] The advantages of the technical solution of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: The three-dimensional flexible damping device of this invention connects two tie rods that are respectively connected to their respective tunnel ring segments using a ball joint, so that the two tunnel ring segments can form a hinged structure when subjected to shear force or bending moment. By setting axial elastic energy dissipation components at the ends of the tie rods and multiple wire rope loops between the two tie rods, when the tunnel ring segment is subjected to tension, the axial elastic energy dissipation components undergo radial deformation to dissipate energy and provide the ability to recover after deformation. When the tunnel ring segment is subjected to shear force or bending moment, the deformation of the wire rope loops dissipates the stress. This three-dimensional flexible damping device can provide tensile, shear, and bending resistance for two adjacent tunnel ring segments. When the joint deformation exceeds the safe range, the three-dimensional flexible damping device provides greater stiffness to limit the joint deformation of the tunnel through the self-locking of the axial elastic energy dissipation components and the limiting method of the ball joint abutting against the tie rods on both sides. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flexible vibration damping device in this invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the three-layer annular spring in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the bolt end, cover plate, and annular clamp of the connector of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flexible damping device in this invention under axial tension.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flexible damping device in this invention when subjected to shear.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flexible damping device in the present invention performing the first stage of bending.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage of bending operation of the three-dimensional flexible damping device in this invention;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first alternative to the axial elastic energy dissipation component in this invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a second alternative to the axially elastic energy-dissipating component in this invention;

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Joint bolt, 2-Nut, 3-Washer, 4-Three-layer ring spring, 5-Cover plate, 6-Ring clamp, 601-Inner groove, 7-Wire rope ring, 8-Spherical hinge rod, 41-Outer ring spring, 42-Middle ring spring, 43-Inner ring spring, 44-Double-layer ring spring, 45-Disc spring, 91-Tunnel ring plate, 92-Waterstop pad, 93-Waterstop strip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1-8As shown, a tunnel ring plate connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping includes a three-dimensional flexible damping device for connecting two adjacent tunnel ring plates 91. The three-dimensional flexible damping device includes two symmetrically arranged tie rods, which pass through connecting blocks on the two interlocking tunnel ring plates 91 respectively. A ball joint rod 8 is connected between the two tie rods, and the two ends of the ball joint rod 8 are respectively ball joint connected to the two tie rods. The specific structure and connection method are as follows: the tie rod includes a joint bolt 1 and a cover plate 5 that are fixedly connected to each other. The end of the joint bolt 1 and the cover plate 5 are combined to form a ball socket cavity. The central end face of the cover plate 5 is open and extends into the ball socket cavity. The ball joint rod 8 includes a ball handle and balls fixed at both ends. The balls are fitted into the ball socket cavity. The ball joint rod 8 is connected to the two tie rods in a ball joint manner, so that a ball joint structure is formed between the two adjacent tunnel ring plates 91. The diameter of the ball handle is smaller than the diameter of the opening of the central end face of the cover plate 5. The maximum diameter of the opening of the central end face of the cover plate 5 can be determined according to actual needs during the design.

[0033] Several wire rope rings 7 are evenly installed along the circumference of the ball joint rod 8 between the two tie rods. The specific installation structure is as follows: an annular clamping plate 6 for fixing the wire rope rings 7 is fixedly installed on the side of the cover plate 5 away from the joint bolt 1. Several inner grooves 601 are evenly distributed along the circumference on the side of the annular clamping plate 6 near the cover plate 5. The wire rope rings 7 are inserted and fixed in the inner grooves 601 of the two annular clamping plates 6 to connect the two tie rods.

[0034] Both tie rods have axial elastic energy-dissipating components fitted at one end of the connecting block. Washers 3 are installed on both sides of the axial elastic energy-dissipating components on the tie rods. Anti-loosening nuts 2 are installed at the end of the tie rods away from the cover plate 5 to restrict the axial elastic energy-dissipating components. Tightening the anti-loosening nuts 2 can change the initial preload between the two tunnel ring plates 91. In this embodiment, the axial elastic energy-dissipating component is a three-layer ring spring 4, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the three-layer ring spring 4 includes several outer ring springs 41, middle ring springs 42, and inner ring springs 43. The two outermost middle ring springs 42 have trapezoidal cross sections, with their bases fitting against the washers 3. The middle middle ring spring 42 has a hexagonal prism cross section, and the conical surfaces of the middle ring springs 42 fit against the inclined conical surfaces of the outer ring springs 41 and the inner ring springs 43, respectively. The inner ring springs 43, middle ring springs 42, and outer ring springs 41 are stacked in sequence, and in the initial state, there are gaps between the middle ring springs 42.

[0035] A water-stop pad 92 is installed at the joint of the two tunnel ring pieces 91, and a water-stop strip 93 is installed on the inner arc surface of the joint of the two tunnel ring pieces 91. The water-stop pad 92 is made of rubber material, and the water-stop strip 93 is an Omega water-stop strip 93. The joint of the two tunnel ring pieces 91 is equipped with a water-stop pad 92 and a water-stop strip 93 as two waterproof measures. The water-stop pad 92 fills the joint of the two tunnel ring pieces 91, and the water-stop strip 93 is sealed and connected to the joint of the inner arc surface of the two tunnel ring pieces 91 by a pressure plate and bolts.

[0036] When installing the tunnel ring 91 connection structure: First, symmetrical handhole slots are opened on the inner arc surfaces of the two tunnel rings 91, and combined handhole slots are opened at the joint of the two tunnel rings 91, so that a connecting block structure is formed on both tunnel rings 91. Then, the tie rod on one side of the tunnel ring 91 is pre-installed, and the axial elastic energy dissipation component and the gaskets 3 on its left and right sides are fitted onto one end of the tie rod that passes through the connecting block. Then, the anti-loosening nut 2 is installed. The tie rod structure on the other side is installed according to the above steps. Then, the ball joint rod 8 and the cover plate 5 are installed, and the ball is placed in the inner cavity formed by the combination of the joint bolt 1 and the cover plate 5. Before installing the ball joint rod 8, two annular clamps 6 need to be pre-installed, and several steel wire rope rings 7 are respectively inserted into the inner grooves 601 of the two annular clamps 6. Finally, the annular clamps 6 are fixed. The bolt head of the joint bolt 1, the cover plate 5 and the annular clamps 6 are fastened with countersunk screws.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 When the tunnel is subjected to tension, the two tunnel ring plates 91 compress the gasket 3, causing the gasket 3 to compress the outermost middle ring spring 42 among the three-layer ring springs 4. The middle ring spring 42 compresses the outer ring springs 41 and inner ring springs 43 on both sides through the cone surfaces on both sides, causing the outer ring springs 41 and inner ring springs 43 to deform radially inward and outward respectively. During this process, the energy is dissipated by the friction between the contact surfaces of the outer ring springs 41, inner ring springs 43 and middle ring springs 42. At the same time, the axial component of the reaction force generated by the deformation of the outer ring springs 41 and inner ring springs 43 on the cone surface provides the axial restoring force, thereby realizing the self-resetting function.

[0038] When the relative displacement of two adjacent tunnel ring plates 91 reaches the deformation threshold of the three-layer annular spring 4, the inner ring springs 42 of the three-layer annular spring 4 come into contact with each other, and the three-layer annular spring 4 loses its flexible deformation capacity, becoming equivalent to a rigid body. Thereafter, the deformation at the connection is borne by the screw of the joint bolt 1 or the ball joint 8. When designing, those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the ultimate waterproofing capacity of the waterstop 92, ensuring that the three-layer annular spring 4 locks when the waterstop 92 reaches its waterproofing limit, providing greater rigidity to the joint to resist deformation and preventing the joint opening from exceeding the working limit state of the second waterproofing measure, the waterstop strip 93.

[0039] Reference Figure 6 When the tunnel is subjected to shear force, the deformation is borne by the wire rope ring 7, and the shear deformation of the wire rope ring 7 dissipates the shear stress acting on the tunnel. During this process, energy is dissipated by the friction between the steel wires inside the wire rope ring 7. As the deformation increases, the gap between the steel wires inside the wire rope ring 7 decreases, thereby hardening the stiffness. When the misalignment of the tunnel joint reaches the limit state of the waterstop 92, the ball handle of the ball hinge rod 8 abuts against the cover plates 5 on both sides, and the ball no longer rotates, thus limiting the relative misalignment deformation of the device. At this time, the shear stiffness of the ball handle resists the shear force on the tunnel. Those skilled in the art can comprehensively consider the ultimate waterproofing capacity of the waterstop 92 to design the opening diameter of the cover plate 5, so that the ball handle of the ball hinge rod 8 abuts against the cover plate 5 when the waterstop 92 reaches its waterproofing limit opening, providing greater stiffness to the joint to resist deformation and preventing the misalignment at the connection from exceeding the working limit state of the second waterproofing measure, the waterstop 93.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 When the tunnel ring 91 is subjected to bending moment, the deformation is first borne by the wire rope ring 7. At this time, the two adjacent tunnel rings 91 are equivalent to hinges, and the bending moment is entirely applied to the wire rope ring 7. The wire rope ring 7 is under tension on one side and under compression on the other side. During this process, the energy is dissipated by the friction between the steel wires inside the wire rope ring 7. The bolts 1 on both sides cooperate with the relative rotation of the two tunnel rings 91, so that the connection of the tunnel rings 91 is within the allowable rotation angle range of the water stop pad 92, and the bending moment is dissipated by the flexible deformation of the wire rope ring 7.

[0041] Reference Figure 8 When the ball handle of the ball hinge rod 8 abuts against the cover plates 5 on both sides, the wire rope ring 7 no longer bears the deformation, and the tunnel joint changes from hinged to fixed. The device enters the second stage of operation. According to the tunnel deformation coordination conditions, when the fixed tunnel is subjected to bending moment, one side of the joint is under tension and the other side is under compression. At this time, the two tunnel ring plates 91 resist the compression on the compression side, while the three-layer ring spring 4 can continue to provide flexible deformation and energy dissipation and shock absorption effects on the tension side. When the middle ring spring 42 of the three-layer ring spring 4 is in contact with each other, the device becomes a rigid body, providing greater stiffness to limit the angular deformation of the tunnel joint. During this process, the axial restoring force of the three-layer ring spring 4 can realize the self-resetting function, reduce the angular deformation of the tunnel after the earthquake, and reduce the cost of tunnel post-disaster repair.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, considering the stress conditions of ultra-large diameter shield tunnels traversing complex environments, a preferred approach is to use a three-layer ring spring 4 with high stiffness, strong energy dissipation capacity, and greater restoring force as the axial elastic energy dissipation component. However, those skilled in the art can flexibly design it according to the actual needs of different tunnels. For example, when the design requirements lean towards large deformation capacity and cost control, the axial elastic energy dissipation component can use a traditional double-layer ring spring 44 and a disc spring 45 as the axial elastic energy dissipation component. The remaining technical features of this embodiment are exactly the same as those of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible damping, characterized in that, The device includes a three-dimensional flexible damping device for connecting two adjacent tunnel segments. The three-dimensional flexible damping device includes two symmetrically arranged tie rods, which pass through connecting blocks on two interlocking tunnel segments. A ball joint rod connects the two tie rods, and the two ends of the ball joint rod are respectively ball-jointed to the two tie rods. A plurality of wire rope loops are evenly installed along the circumference of the ball joint rod between the two tie rods. An axial elastic energy dissipation component is fitted at one end of each tie rod that passes through the connecting block. The tie rod includes a joint bolt and a cover plate that are fixedly connected to each other. The end of the joint bolt and the cover plate are combined to form a ball-and-socket cavity. The center end face of the cover plate is open and extends into the ball-and-socket cavity. An annular clamp for fixing the wire rope ring is fixedly installed on the side of the cover plate away from the joint bolt. The annular clamp has several inner grooves evenly distributed along the circumference on the side of the cover plate near the cover plate. The wire rope ring passes through and is fixed in the inner groove.

2. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial elastic energy dissipation component is a ring spring or a butterfly spring.

3. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball joint includes a handle and balls fixed at both ends thereto, the balls being fitted into the cavity of the ball socket.

4. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water-stop pad is provided at the joint of the two tunnel ring pieces, and a water-stop strip is installed on the inner arc surface at the connection of the two tunnel ring pieces.

5. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water-stop pad is made of rubber material, and the water-stop strip is an Omega water-stop strip.

6. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, Gaskets are installed on both sides of the axial elastic energy dissipation component on the tie rod.

7. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anti-loosening nut is installed at the end of the pull rod away from the cover plate.

8. The tunnel ring connection structure based on three-dimensional flexible vibration reduction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the ball handle is smaller than the diameter of the opening at the center end face of the cover plate.

Images