A heave type wave energy power generation device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of power generation equipment technology, specifically relating to a helical wave energy generation device. Installed in water, it converts the potential energy of the helical motion generated on the water surface into electrical energy. The helical wave energy generation device includes: a fixed frame, a limiting seat, a float, and at least one power generation component. The limiting seat is located at the front end of the crossbar in the fixed frame; it has a guide hole and a rack at its bottom. The top cover of the float has a rack hole and a guide rod. The power generation component is installed inside the float; it includes a rotating shaft, two rotors, two stators, and two sets of triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation components. The rotating shaft has gears that mesh with the rack, the rotors and stators are located at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation components are located between the rotors and stators. A waterproof component is also provided between the limiting seat and the float. This invention solves the problems of low power generation efficiency, high cost, and short service life of existing wave energy generation devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power generation equipment technology, and specifically relates to a helical wave energy power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Oceans cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. These oceans not only contain abundant oil and marine resources, but also a vast amount of renewable energy, primarily including wave energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, salinity gradient energy, ocean current energy, and ocean wind energy. Among these, wave energy, essentially generated by the gravitational pull between the Earth and the Moon, possesses advantages such as high energy density and wide distribution, making it highly sought after.

[0003] Currently, wave energy harvesting devices are mainly classified into three categories based on their working principle: oscillating float type, oscillating water column type, and wave-overtaking type. Among them, the oscillating float type, also known as the point absorption type, is the most commonly used due to its high wave conversion efficiency and ease of arraying. The main problems with existing point absorption wave energy harvesting devices are: firstly, low conversion efficiency for low-period waves; secondly, the power generation modules are all located outside the float, resulting in low utilization of the internal space; and thirdly, the device's lifespan is greatly affected by environmental factors, making it prone to aging and damage. These shortcomings limit the practical application of wave energy power generation systems, and developing a more efficient and practical wave energy power generation device has become a pressing technical challenge for those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of low power generation efficiency in existing wave energy power generation devices, this invention provides a helical wave energy power generation device.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] A helical wave energy generation device is installed in a body of water to convert the potential energy of the helical motion generated on the water surface into electrical energy. The helical wave energy generation device includes: a fixed frame, a limiting seat, a float, and at least one power generation component.

[0007] The mounting frame includes a vertical rod and at least one horizontal rod at the top of the vertical rod. The bottom of the vertical rod is mounted on a embankment, seabed, or other large floating body to secure the helical wave energy generation device. A limiting seat is located at the front end of each horizontal rod in the mounting frame; the bottom of the limiting seat is provided with a vertically downward extending straight rack, and the limiting seat also includes at least one guide hole extending parallel to the straight rack.

[0008] The float is shaped like a gyroscope, consisting of a cylindrical body and a conical bottom, with a hollow interior. The top cover of the float includes a rack hole through which a straight rack passes and multiple guide rods corresponding to the position and shape of the guide holes in the limiting seat; the guide rods are perpendicular to the upper surface of the top cover.

[0009] The power generation kit is fixedly installed inside the float. The kit includes a rotating shaft, two rotors, two stators, and two sets of triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation components. A coaxially connected gear is located in the middle of the rotating shaft. The two rotors are fixedly connected to both ends of the shaft. The two cylindrical stators are concentrically fitted around the two rotors. Each set of triboelectric and electromagnetic power generation components is located between the corresponding rotor and stator. The portions at both ends of the gear constitute a power generation unit, and each power generation kit includes two symmetrically arranged power generation units.

[0010] In the helical wave energy power generation device, the gear meshes with the rack and pinion, and the guide rod is inserted into the guide hole; so that when the float moves up and down relative to the limit seat, the rotor in the power generation kit rotates with the gear, thereby driving the friction power generation component and the electromagnetic power generation component to operate and generate electricity.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, each triboelectric power generation component in the power generation kit includes a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate, and a plurality of friction blocks. The electronegativity of the friction blocks is between that of the first and second electrode plates; the first and second electrode plates are attached to the inner wall of the stator, and are separated from each other and distributed alternately. Each friction block is attached to the outer wall of the rotor and is distributed in a ring shape with intervals between them. When the rotor rotates with the shaft, each friction block slides sequentially over the first and second electrode plates, causing a redistribution of charge between the first and second electrodes, thereby generating a triboelectric current.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet are respectively made of copper electrode and aluminum electrode, and the friction block is made of FEP material.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, each electromagnetic power generation component in the power generation kit includes a permanent magnet, two coil sleeves, and two coils. The annular wall of the rotor adopts a double-layer structure with a sandwich, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the annular sandwich of the rotor. The two coil sleeves are sleeved on the rotating shaft and located on both sides of the rotor; the two coils are respectively wound on the two coil sleeves; when the rotor rotates with the rotating shaft, the coils cut the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet, thereby generating an induced electromotive force at both ends of the coils.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the permanent magnet adopts a split magnetic ring composed of multiple fan-shaped magnetic tiles arranged circumferentially; the polarities of the two adjacent magnetic tiles in the permanent magnet are opposite.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power generation kit is fixed inside the float by a mounting plate. The two ends of the mounting plate are respectively fixed to the inner wall of the float, and the mounting plate has two first square holes on both sides and one second square hole in the middle. The two stators of the power generation kit are respectively located in the two first square holes and are fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The assembly consisting of a gear and a rack is located in the second square hole.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mounting plate also includes at least four parallel fixing plates; the fixing plates are perpendicular to the mounting plate and are sequentially penetrated by a rotating shaft. The end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the fixing plate via a bearing, and the coil sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, such that the coil sleeve and the rotating shaft are concentric and do not contact each other.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the guide rod in the float is a cylindrical optical shaft; an optical shaft sleeve is provided at the guide hole in the limiting seat; the optical shaft is inserted into the optical shaft sleeve. The optical shaft sleeve allows the optical shaft to move freely along the axial direction and restricts the optical shaft from deviating radially.

[0018] As a further improvement of the invention, the top of the optical axis includes a threaded section, and a limiting nut is located at the threaded section of the optical axis. The size of the limiting nut is larger than that of the guide hole, thereby preventing the float from detaching from the base under low water levels.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper surface of the float's top cover and the lower surface of the limiting seat are each provided with an annular flange surrounding the rack and the guide rod; a long cylindrical, sealing, flexible, waterproof sleeve is fitted between the two annular flanges. In addition, a long cylindrical, sealing, waterproof cap is also provided on the top of the limiting seat.

[0020] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The helical wave energy generation device designed in this invention can absorb the irregular potential energy contained in waves through components such as a float and a limiting seat, and convert it into the regular rotational motion of gears inside the float. Inside the float, this invention designs a novel power generation kit integrating a triboelectric nanogenerator and an electromagnetic generator. This power generation kit has stronger adaptability to waves of different intensities. When the amplitude and frequency of the external waves are small, the electrical energy generated by the triboelectric component accounts for a larger proportion. When the amplitude and frequency of the external waves are large, the electrical energy generated by the electromagnetic component accounts for a larger proportion. The triboelectric and electromagnetic components in the power generation kit designed in this invention are complementary, ensuring that the entire wave power generation device produces stable output in different wave environments.

[0022] This invention embeds the power generation kit inside the float, effectively utilizing the float's internal space and increasing the device's power generation density. Furthermore, this invention can integrate multiple power generation kits within a single float, or install multiple floats on the same mounting frame, thereby reducing product costs and increasing the power output of the helical wave energy generation device deployed per unit area of ​​water.

[0023] The helical wave energy generation device provided by this invention has a simple and compact structure and low cost. The appropriate installation method can be selected according to the usage environment. The device realizes the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy, which can provide power for the operation of small sensors and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a helical wave energy generation device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the limiting seat and fixing frame in the helical wave energy power generation device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the float section in the helical wave energy power generation device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation kit in the helical wave energy power generation device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the helical wave energy power generation device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the float top cover removed.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the application of the helical wave energy generation device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention on the water surface.

[0031] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a helical wave energy generation device with multiple power generation kits installed inside each float.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a helical wave energy generation device in which multiple floats and power generation kits are mounted on the same fixed frame.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the result of each complete power generation unit in each power generation kit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled rotor and stator components of each power generation unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 The shapes of several typical first and second electrode sheets are shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting seat and guide rod in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the helical wave energy generation device using a waterproof sleeve and a waterproof cap in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the helical wave energy generation device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which uses a telescopic rod instead of a guide rod.

[0040] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0041] 1. Fixing frame; 2. Limiting seat; 3. Float; 4. Generating kit; 5. Waterproof sleeve; 6. Waterproof cap; 20. Optical shaft sleeve; 21. Guide hole; 22. Straight rack; 30. Rack hole; 31. Top cover; 32. Guide rod; 33. Telescopic rod; 40. Mounting plate; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Rotor; 43. Stator; 44. Triboelectric generating assembly; 45. Electromagnetic generating assembly; 300. Flange; 320. Threaded section; 321. Limiting nut; 401. Fixing plate; 400. Bearing; 410. Gear; 441. First electrode plate; 442. Second electrode plate; 443. Friction block; 451. Permanent magnet; 452. Coil; 453. Coil sleeve; 4510. Magnet tile. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment provides a helical wave energy generation device, which is installed in a body of water to convert the potential energy of helical motion generated on the water surface into electrical energy. Figure 1 As shown, the helical wave energy generation device includes: a fixed frame 1, a limiting seat 2, a float 3, and at least one power generation kit 4 located inside the float 3.

[0045] The mounting frame 1 includes a vertical rod and at least one horizontal rod at its top. The top of the vertical rod is mounted on a embankment, seabed, or other large floating body for securing the helical wave energy generation device. Figure 2 As shown, the limiting seat 2 is located at the front end of each crossbar in the fixing frame 1; the bottom of the limiting seat 2 is provided with a vertically downward extending straight rack 22, and the limiting seat 2 also includes at least two guide holes 21 whose extending direction is parallel to the straight rack 22.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the float 3 includes a cylindrical body and a conical bottom, with an internal cavity. After relevant testing, this embodiment also found that the float 3 exhibits optimal power generation performance when it adopts a rotating body structure similar to a gyroscope. Figure 3 The structure shown is the optimal structure for float 3. Of course, the solution in this embodiment does not limit the shape of float 3, and other shapes of float 3 can also be used in other embodiments.

[0047] In this embodiment, to facilitate the installation of the power generation kit 4 inside the float 3, the top cover 31 of the float 3 adopts a detachable design. The lower shell of the float 3 and the top cover 31 can be connected by threads, snaps, or other structures that are easy to disassemble and can maintain a seal. Specifically, the top cover 31 of the float 3 includes a rack hole 30 for the straight rack 22 to pass through and multiple guide rods 32 corresponding to the position and shape of the guide holes 21 in the limiting seat 2; the guide rods 32 are perpendicular to the upper surface of the top cover 31. Specifically, in this embodiment, the top cover 31 and the guide rods 32 are provided with threaded holes, and the guide rods 32 can be fixedly connected to the top cover 31 by screws at the bottom of the top cover 31. In other embodiments, the top cover 31 and the guide rods 32 can also be fixed by welding or other connection methods. Of course, the top cover 31 and the guide rods 32 can also be designed as an integral part.

[0048] In this embodiment, the guide rod 32 on the top cover 31 of the float 3 is a rigid straight rod. However, the cross-sectional shape of the guide rod 32 is not limited. In some embodiments, a single rod can be used, for example, a rod with a rectangular or polygonal cross-section. After the guide rod 32 is assembled with the limiting seat 2, it can restrict the relative rotation or lateral displacement between the two, allowing them to approach or move away from each other only along the extension direction of the guide rod 32. In other embodiments, multiple guide rods 32 can also be used to further improve the structural stability of the device and restrict the limiting seat 2 and the float 3 from deflecting about the guide rod 32 as an axis.

[0049] The power generation kit 4 is fixedly installed inside the float 3; as shown Figure 4As shown, the power generation kit 4 includes a rotating shaft 41, two rotors 42, two stators 43, and two sets of triboelectric power generation components 44 and electromagnetic power generation components 45. A coaxially connected gear 410 is located in the middle of the rotating shaft 41. The two rotors 42 are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft 41. The two cylindrical stators 43 are concentrically fitted around the two rotors 42. Each set of triboelectric power generation components 44 and electromagnetic power generation components 45 is located between the corresponding rotor 42 and stator 43. The portions at both ends of the gear 410 constitute a power generation unit, and each power generation kit 4 includes two symmetrically arranged power generation units.

[0050] like Figure 5 As shown, the generator kit 4 is fixed inside the float 3 by a mounting plate 40. The two ends of the mounting plate 40 are fixed to the inner wall of the float 3, and the mounting plate 40 has two first square holes on both sides and a second square hole in the middle. The two stators 43 in the generator kit 4 are located in the two first square holes and are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 40. The assembly consisting of the gear 410 and the rack 22 is located in the second square hole. After the generator kit 4 is installed in the float 3, the gear 410 on the shaft 41 is positioned directly below the rack hole 30 in the top cover 31.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the assembly and deployment of the helical wave energy generation device provided in this embodiment are as follows: First, open the top cover 31 of the float 3, install the power generation kit 4 on the mounting plate 40 inside the float 3, and then close the top cover 31 to seal the float 3. Second, install the limiting seat 2 on the top of the fixing frame 1. In this embodiment, the fixing frame 1 includes a vertical rod and a horizontal rod perpendicular to the top of the vertical rod. The limiting seat 2 is installed at the end of the horizontal rod. When installing the limiting seat 2, the top straight rack 22 should be kept vertically downward. Next, place the float 3 with the power generation kit 4 installed below the fixing frame 1, and then apply downward pressure to the float 3 to partially submerge it in the water. At the same time, insert the guide rods 32 on the top cover 31 of the float 3 into the guide holes 21 in the limiting seat 2, and insert the straight rack 22 below the limiting seat 2 into the rack hole 30 on the top cover 31 of the float 3 below. Finally, the float 3 is released, and the float 3 rises upward, causing the guide rod 32 to be fully inserted into the guide hole 21 and pass out from above the limit seat 2. At the same time, the rack 22 in the limit seat 2 also meshes with the gear 410 on the shaft 41 in the generator kit 4 below.

[0052] The following combination Figure 5 and Figure 6The working principle of the helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment is described as follows: The fixed frame 1 and the limiting seat 2 of the helical wave energy generation device are fixedly connected as one part. This part is usually fixed in a embankment, seabed, or other large platform, so it remains basically stable and is not affected by waves. The float 3 and the power generation kit 4 are fixedly connected to form another part, which is placed directly on the water surface and therefore moves with the wave motion. Since the float 3 and the limiting seat 2 are interconnected by three guide rods 32, the guide holes 21 in the limiting seat 2 allow the guide rods 32 to move up and down in the vertical direction, while also restricting the lateral rolling of the float 3 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, after the helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment is deployed in the water, when the water surface remains calm, the float 3 and the limiting seat 2 will also remain relatively stationary. When there are large waves on the water surface, the float 3 will move up and down in the vertical direction relative to the limiting seat 2 with the water surface.

[0053] In the waves, as the water surface rises, the buoyancy exerted by the water on the float 3 is greater than the weight of the float 3 and its internal power generation assembly 4. Because the rack 22 in the limiting seat 2 and the gear 410 in the power generation assembly 4 mesh with each other, the buoyancy forces the gear 410 to rotate forward while rising along the rack 22. The rotation of the gear 410 also drives the rotating shaft 41 and the rotor 42 to partially rotate. During the rotation of the rotor 42 relative to the stator 43, the triboelectric power generation component 44 and the electromagnetic power generation component 45 in the power generation assembly 4 partially operate, thereby generating electrical energy.

[0054] In the waves, as the water level drops, the weight of the assembly of float 3 and its internal power generation kit 4 is greater than the buoyancy force on float 3. Because the rack 22 in the limiting seat 2 and the gear 410 in the power generation kit 4 mesh with each other, gravity forces gear 410 to descend along rack 22 while rotating in the opposite direction. The rotation of gear 410 also drives the rotation of shaft 41 and rotor 42. During the rotation of rotor 42 relative to stator 43, the triboelectric generator 44 and electromagnetic generator 45 in the power generation kit 4 partially operate, thereby generating electrical energy.

[0055] Therefore, when the helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment is deployed in a body of water, it can continuously generate electricity as long as there are waves on the water surface with a required amplitude. This type of power generation device has a strong wave energy collection capability and high power generation efficiency.

[0056] In this embodiment, each float 3 is equipped with a power generation kit 4. In other more optimized embodiments, such as... Figure 7As shown, the cylindrical portion of the float 3 can be appropriately extended, and multiple longitudinally arranged power generation kits 4 can be installed simultaneously in the same float 3. The same rack 22 on the limiting seat 2 can simultaneously mesh with the gears 410 in the multiple power generation kits 4 inside the float 3. When the float 3 rises and falls with the water surface, the rack 22 can drive the multiple power generation kits 4 to operate synchronously, thereby increasing the power generation density per unit volume of the helical wave energy power generation device.

[0057] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 1 only has a limiting seat 2 installed, and a float 3 and a power generation kit 4 are connected. However, in other, more optimized embodiments, such as... Figure 8 As shown, multiple horizontal bars arranged in a central radiating pattern can be simultaneously connected to the top of the vertical rod of the same mounting frame 1, forming a structure similar to umbrella ribs. Then, a set of limiting seats 2, floats 3, and power generation kits 4 are respectively connected to the end of each horizontal bar. In this way, the number of helical wave energy generation devices deployed per unit area of ​​water can be greatly increased, while reducing the hardware cost of the mounting frame 1.

[0058] The helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment actually consists of two parts: a wave energy harvesting system and a power generation system. The limiting seat 2, float 3, and the rotating shaft 41 with gear 410 in the power generation kit 4 together constitute a wave energy harvesting system that converts the potential energy contained in the helical motion of waves into mechanical energy for the rotational motion of the gear 410 and the rotating shaft 41. The power generation kit 4 is the power generation system in this embodiment. The former is used to absorb wave energy and convert irregular wave energy into regular kinetic energy suitable for application, while the power generation system is used to convert the kinetic energy converted by the wave energy harvesting system into electrical energy that can be directly transmitted, applied, or stored. The above mainly introduces the structure and principle of the wave energy harvesting system in the helical wave energy generation device of this embodiment. The following content focuses on the power generation system, which is newly designed for the aforementioned novel wave energy harvesting system.

[0059] like Figure 9 As shown, each triboelectric power generation component 44 in the power generation kit 4 of this embodiment includes a first electrode plate 441, a second electrode plate 442, and a plurality of friction blocks 443. The first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442 are made of conductive materials with different electronegativity, and are attached to the inner wall of the stator 43. The first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442 are separated from each other and are staggered. Each friction block 443 is attached to the outer wall of the rotor 42 and is arranged in a ring shape with intervals between them. Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, the stator 43 is actually a cylindrical sleeve, with the first and second electrodes attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical sleeve. The friction blocks 443 are on the outer wall of the rotor 42. Due to the small gap between the rotor 42 and the stator 43, after the rotor 42 is assembled into the stator 43, the top of each friction block 443 will contact the electrode portion, while the non-friction block 443 area in the rotor 42 will have a gap with the inner wall of the stator 43.

[0060] when Figure 9 As the rotor 42 rotates continuously, the friction blocks 443 slide sequentially over the first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442. Since the electronegativity of the friction blocks 443 is between that of the first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442, assuming the electronegativity relationship among them is: first electrode plate > friction block > second electrode plate, when the friction block 443 contacts and separates from the less electronegative second electrode plate 442 during rotation, due to the triboelectric effect, the charge will be redistributed between the friction block 443 and the second electrode plate 442, resulting in the friction block 443 carrying a negative charge and the second electrode plate 442 carrying a positive charge. When the friction block 443 continues to rotate, it will contact and separate from the more electronegative first electrode plate 441. During this process, due to the triboelectric effect, the charge will be redistributed between the friction block 443 and the first electrode plate 441, resulting in the first electrode plate 441 carrying a negative charge and the friction block 443 carrying a positive charge. Therefore, during the continuous rotation of the rotor 42, charges of opposite polarity will accumulate on the first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442, which will generate a frictional current between the two electrode plates.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442 are copper electrodes and aluminum electrodes, respectively, and the friction block 443 is made of FEP material. In other embodiments, other materials can be used as the required electrode materials and friction block 443 materials as needed. When selecting materials for the three parts, in addition to the requirement of electronegativity difference, it is also required that the two electrode plates be made of conductive materials, while the friction block 443 should be made of non-metallic materials as much as possible.

[0062] To improve the efficiency of triboelectric power generation, in this embodiment, the friction block 443 is designed as a large number of protrusions arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the rotor 42, and the first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442 are designed as interlocking strip-like structures. The first electrode plate 441 and the second electrode plate 442 are joined together to form a long strip that does not contact each other, and are connected end-to-end on the inner wall of the stator 43 to form an annular strip. For example, the first electrode and the second electrode plate 442 can be designed as follows: Figure 11The structure shown resembles a square wave, triangular wave, or sine wave. Friction blocks 443 are distributed on the rotor 42, corresponding to the positions between the two electrode plates. In this state, as the rotor 42 completes one rotation cycle, the friction blocks 443 and the electrode material undergo multiple "contact-separation" cycles, effectively improving the power generation performance of the triboelectric power generation assembly 44. Specifically, the number of friction blocks 443 on the surface of the rotor 42, the shape of the first and second electrodes, and the number of repeating units therein can be optimized through actual testing to ensure the highest power generation efficiency of the entire device.

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, each electromagnetic power generation component 45 in the power generation kit 4 provided in this embodiment includes a permanent magnet 451, two coil sleeves 453, and two coils 452. The annular wall of the rotor 42 adopts a double-layer structure with a sandwich, and the permanent magnet 451 is embedded in the annular sandwich of the rotor 42. The two coil sleeves 453 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 41 and located on both sides of the rotor 42; the two coils 452 are respectively wound on the two coil sleeves 453. It should be emphasized that the structure of the permanent magnet 451 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, each permanent magnet 451 is a split magnetic ring composed of multiple sector-shaped magnetic tiles 4510 arranged circumferentially; and the polarities of the two adjacent magnetic tiles 4510 in the permanent magnet 451 are opposite. Figure 12 In this design, each magnetic tile 4510 is close to each other and forms a complete magnetic ring. However, in practical applications, the number of magnetic tiles 4510 can be reduced, allowing gaps between adjacent magnetic tiles 4510. This reduces material costs and the weight of the rotor 42 while maintaining power generation. The number of magnetic tiles 4510 installed in each rotor 42 and the spatial position of each magnetic tile 4510 can be optimized through simulation and testing.

[0064] To make the structure of rotor 42 and stator 43 in this embodiment more stable, such as Figure 4As shown, the mounting plate 40 in this embodiment also includes at least four parallel fixing plates 401; the fixing plates 401 are perpendicular to the mounting plate 40 and are sequentially penetrated by the rotating shaft 41. The fixing plates 401 at both ends are rotatably connected to the ends of the rotating shaft 41 via a bearing 400. A coil sleeve 453 is connected to the fixing plate 401, such that the rotating shaft 41 and the coil sleeve 453 are concentrically fitted and do not contact each other. Specifically, the bearing 400 is embedded in the fixing plate 401, the inner ring of the bearing 400 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 41, and the outer ring of the bearing 400 is fixedly connected to the fixing seat by an interference fit. The coil sleeve 453 can be mounted on the fixing seat. For example, an annular slot with a width equal to the wall thickness of the coil sleeve 453 is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing 400 in the fixing seat, and then the tubular coil sleeve 453 is inserted into the annular slot. Alternatively, the coil sleeve 453 can be directly connected to the fixing plate 401 by fasteners or welding. Of course, one end of the coil sleeve 453 can also be directly connected to the fixing plate 401 by welding or other means.

[0065] Analysis of the magnetic field distribution around the permanent magnet 451 inside the rotor 42 in this embodiment reveals that each magnetic tile 4510 has magnetic field lines pointing from the N pole to the S pole. However, since the polarities of adjacent magnetic tiles 4510 are opposite, the distribution of magnetic field lines at different positions at both ends of the rotor 42 is relatively complex and non-uniform. The magnetic field strength at different positions is related to its distance from the magnetic tile 4510 and the distribution density of the surrounding magnetic tiles 4510. In this state, when the rotor 42 rotates with the shaft 41, the permanent magnet 451 also rotates. The coil 452 is wound around the coil sleeve 453, and the coil sleeve 453 does not directly contact the shaft 41. Therefore, both the coil sleeve 453 and the coil 452 remain stationary during the rotation of the rotor 42. When a non-uniform magnetic field rotates relative to a stationary coil 452, the coil 452 located at both ends of the rotor 42 will cut the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet 451, causing a change in the magnetic flux of the coil 452, which in turn generates an induced electromotive force at both ends of the coil 452.

[0066] In this embodiment, each permanent magnet 451 has a coil 452 arranged at both ends, which can maximize the use of the space inside the float 3 and improve the power generation of the helical wave energy generator per unit volume.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a helical wave energy generation device, which is a further optimized product compared to the solution in Embodiment 1. In the product of this embodiment, such as Figure 13As shown, the guide rod 32 in the float 3 is a cylindrical optical shaft; an optical shaft sleeve 20 is provided at the guide hole 21 in the limiting seat 2; the optical shaft is inserted into the optical shaft sleeve 20. The optical shaft sleeve 20 allows the optical shaft to move freely along the axial direction and restricts the optical shaft's radial offset. The use of a cylindrical guide rod 32 in this embodiment makes the lifting and lowering movement of the float 3 smoother, but the number of guide rods 32 should be at least two. In this embodiment, three guide rods 32 distributed in a triangle are used. This can produce a good guiding and limiting effect, ensuring that the float 3 can only lift and lower in the vertical direction. In addition, in this embodiment, an optical shaft sleeve 20 is installed in each guide hole 21 of the limiting seat 2. The optical shaft sleeve 20 can be made of a material with high hardness and better wear resistance, thereby improving the wear resistance of the limiting seat 2 and increasing the service life of the helical wave energy power generation device.

[0069] In this embodiment, as Figure 13 As shown, the top of the optical axis also includes a threaded section 320, and a limiting nut 321 is fitted onto the threaded section 320 of the optical axis. The size of the limiting nut 321 is larger than the diameter of the guide hole 21 and the optical axis sleeve 20. During assembly, the optical axis sleeve 20 is embedded into each of the guide holes 21 in the limiting seat 2. When the float 3 is installed below the limiting seat 2 and the guide rod 32 is inserted upward into the optical axis sleeve 20, the limiting nut 321 is then tightened onto the threaded section 320 at the upper end of the guide rod 32. At this time, if the water level rises, the float 3 and the guide rod 32 will rise, and the limiting nut 321 will not affect the application of the device. However, when the water level drops below the minimum water level for the device to generate electricity, after the float 3 descends to the lowest position, the limiting nut 321 at the upper end of the guide rod 32 is blocked by the optical axis sleeve 20, and the float 3 and the guide rod 32 cannot continue to descend. In this embodiment, the limiting nut 321 serves to prevent the float 3 from detaching from the fixed seat at low water levels.

[0070] In a more optimized solution in this embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, the upper surface of the top cover 31 of the float 3 and the lower surface of the limiting seat 2 are each provided with an annular flange 300 surrounding the straight toothed rack 22 and the guide rod 32; a long cylindrical sealing flexible waterproof sleeve 5 is fitted between the two annular flanges 300.

[0071] In practical applications, the helical wave energy generation device provided in this embodiment requires that the rack 22 be able to move freely in the float 3. Therefore, the top cover 31 of the float 3 must have a rack hole 30 for the rack 22 to pass through. This will damage the airtightness of the entire float 3, which will cause the power generation kit 4 inside the float 3 to be exposed to a water-rich environment and pose a risk of water ingress.

[0072] This embodiment overcomes the airtightness defect of the float 3 during movement by setting a tubular waterproof sleeve 5 between the bottom of the limiting sleeve and the top cover 31 of the float 3. The waterproof sleeve 5 can be made of a flexible, waterproof, and anti-aging film material such as latex. The length of the waterproof sleeve 5 should not be shorter than the maximum distance between the float 3 and the limiting seat 2. Since the top of the guide rod 32 is locked by the limiting nut 321 in this embodiment, the maximum distance between them is actually the length of the guide rod 32. When the limiting seat 2 and the float 3 approach each other, the waterproof sleeve 5 wrinkles; when the limiting seat 2 and the float 3 approach each other, the waterproof sleeve 5 remains taut. With the waterproof sleeve 5, no matter how the float 3 moves up and down, water vapor cannot enter the float 3, thus improving the stability and safety of the power generation kit 4 in the float 3.

[0073] In addition, for the same purpose, a long cylindrical sealed waterproof cap 6 is provided on the top of the limiting seat 2. The function of the waterproof cap 6 is to waterproof and seal the guide hole 21 in the limiting seat 2. Similarly, the depth of the waterproof cap 6 should also match the length of the guide rod 32, so as to ensure the waterproof effect without affecting the raising and lowering of the guide rod 32.

[0074] In other options, such as Figure 15 As shown, the guide rod 32 in this embodiment can also be replaced with a telescopic rod 33. One end of the telescopic rod 33 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the limiting seat 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top cover 31. In this structure, it is not necessary to open a guide hole 21 in the limiting seat 2, nor is it necessary to design a waterproof cap 6 for the limiting seat 2. A similar waterproof effect can be achieved by designing a waterproof sleeve 5 between the limiting seat 2 and the float 3.

[0075] The wave energy generation device provided by this invention has a wide range of applications. The wave energy generation device can be installed in water in a cluster deployment manner. The electrical energy generated by each wave energy generation device can be transmitted to a centralized energy storage device for collection through cables. Alternatively, each wave energy generation device can be equipped with an independent energy storage device, such as a lithium battery, and installed at the fixed frame 1.

[0076] In addition to clustering multiple helical wave energy generation devices provided in this embodiment to generate a large-scale power generation effect, the helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment can also be applied to the rapidly developing field of marine Internet of Things to achieve self-powered devices.

[0077] For example, in some nearshore and key sea areas, marine and meteorological departments may deploy beacons and nautical data acquisition equipment. Many instruments or devices in these devices require power. In traditional solutions, these devices can be powered by batteries. However, the batteries have limited lifespan, requiring regular battery replacements, which results in significant maintenance costs. To reduce maintenance costs, technicians have also installed solar-powered floating structures near the equipment. However, the stability of solar power generation is insufficient when used on the sea surface. The helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment is well-suited for this scenario. As long as the ocean water does not remain static for extended periods, this device can always generate sufficient energy capture. Furthermore, to further ensure a stable power supply for marine IoT devices, the helical wave energy generation device in this embodiment can be deployed in conjunction with conventional solar power generation devices.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heave type wave energy power plant, characterized in that, The application is installed in water body to convert potential energy of heave motion of water surface into electric energy; the heave wave energy generator comprises: a fixed frame comprising vertical rods and at least one horizontal rod at the top of the vertical rods; a limiting seat at the front end of each horizontal rod in the fixed frame; the bottom of the limiting seat is provided with a vertical straight rack extending downward; the limiting seat further comprises at least one guide hole extending in parallel with the straight rack; a float in the shape of a top is provided with a cylindrical body and a conical bottom, and the inside of the float is a hollow cavity; the top cover of the float comprises a rack hole for the straight rack to pass through and a plurality of guide rods corresponding to the position and shape of the guide hole in the limiting seat; the guide rods are perpendicular to the top cover; and at least one power generation set is fixedly installed in the inside of the float; the power generation set comprises a rotating shaft with coaxial gears in the middle, two rotors fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, two cylindrical stators concentrically sleeved outside the two rotors, and friction power generation components and electromagnetic power generation components respectively located between two corresponding groups of rotors and stators; the two ends of the gears respectively form a power generation unit, and each power generation set comprises two symmetrically arranged power generation units; the gears in the heave wave energy generator are engaged with the straight rack, and the guide rods are inserted into the guide holes; and when the float moves up and down relative to the limiting seat, the rotors in the power generation set rotate with the gears, thereby driving the friction power generation components and the electromagnetic power generation components to operate and generate electricity. the upper surface of the top cover of the float and the lower surface of the limiting seat are both provided with an annular flange surrounding the outer periphery of the straight rack and the guide rods; a long cylindrical sealing flexible waterproof sleeve is sleeved between the two annular flanges; the top of the limiting seat is further provided with a long cylindrical sealing waterproof cap, and the depth of the waterproof cap matches the length of the guide rods.

2. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: each friction power generation component in the power generation set comprises a first electrode sheet, a second electrode sheet and a plurality of friction blocks; the electronegativity of the friction blocks is between the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet, the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet are attached to the inner wall of the stator, and the two are separated from each other and staggered; each friction block is attached to the outer wall of the rotor and is distributed in a ring shape with a mutual interval; when the rotor rotates with the rotating shaft, each friction block slides on the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet in turn, causing the charge redistribution between the first electrode and the second electrode and thereby generating a friction current.

3. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet are made of copper electrodes and aluminum electrodes respectively, and the friction blocks are made of FEP material.

4. The heave mode wave energy power plant of claim 1, wherein: each electromagnetic power generation component in the power generation set comprises a permanent magnet, two coil sleeves and two coils; the annular wall of the rotor adopts a double-layer structure with a sandwiched layer, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the annular sandwiched layer of the rotor; the two coil sleeves are sleeved on the rotating shaft and located at both sides of the rotor; the two coils are wound on the two coil sleeves respectively; when the rotor rotates with the rotating shaft, the coils cut the magnetic induction lines of the permanent magnet, thereby generating an induced electromotive force at both ends of the coils.

5. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The permanent magnet adopts a split magnetic ring composed of a plurality of sector-shaped magnetic tiles arranged in a circumferential direction; polarities of two ends of two adjacent magnetic tiles are opposite.

6. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The power generation set is fixed in the float through the mounting plate; two ends of the mounting plate are fixed on the inner wall of the float respectively, a first square hole is arranged on each side of the plate body of the mounting plate, and a second square hole is arranged in the middle of the plate body; two stators in the power generation set are located in the two first square holes respectively and are fixedly connected with the mounting plate; the combination of the gear and the straight rack is located in the second square hole.

7. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that: The mounting plate further comprises at least four fixed plates which are parallel to each other; the fixed plates are perpendicular to the mounting plate and are sequentially penetrated by the rotating shaft; the end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the fixed plate through the bearing, the coil sleeve is fixedly connected on the fixed plate, and the coil sleeve and the rotating shaft are concentric and do not contact.

8. The heave mode wave energy power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The guide rod in the float adopts a cylindrical optical axis; the guide hole in the limiting seat is provided with an optical axis sleeve; the optical axis is inserted into the optical axis sleeve.

9. A heave mode wave energy device as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that: The top of the optical axis comprises a threaded section, and the threaded section of the optical axis is provided with a limiting nut with a size larger than that of the guide hole.

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