Heat supply and heat storage system

Abstract

This invention relates to a heating and heat storage system based on hydrogen elimination recombination technology and an electrode steam generator, belonging to the category of heating equipment. The invention addresses the problem that during the electro-thermal conversion process using low-cost power sources, the electrolysis of high-voltage electrodes produces small amounts of H2 and O2, and the accumulation of H2 can lead to explosions or deflagration under certain conditions. The invention includes an electrode steam generator, a steam-water separator, a hydrogen elimination recombination unit, a heat exchanger, a first drain pipe, a second drain pipe, a return water pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The outlet of the electrode steam generator is connected to the inlet of the steam-water separator via the first drain pipe; the exhaust port of the steam-water separator is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen elimination recombination unit via the exhaust pipe; the outlet of the steam-water separator is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger via the second drain pipe; and the drain port of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the electrode steam generator via the return water pipe. This invention is primarily used for user heating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to heating equipment, and more particularly to a heating and heat storage system. Background Technology

[0002] By the end of 2022, my country's installed capacity of renewable energy reached 1.213 billion kilowatts, accounting for 47.3% of the country's total installed power generation capacity, historically surpassing the national coal-fired power capacity. However, the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power has seriously challenged the safety and economic efficiency of power distribution network operation. Under current abnormal grid operation conditions, the output of renewable energy units is characterized by indirectness, intermittency, randomness, or high failure rates. These characteristics lead to active or passive constraints on their output, resulting in a significant reduction in the utilization rate of renewable energy within local grids. At the same time, in some regions, businesses and residents have a strong demand for steam and heat, and coal-fired power generation alone cannot meet user needs. Therefore, it is possible to fully utilize the low-cost power generated by renewable energy units to provide heating for users, thereby achieving full utilization of renewable energy. However, due to the continuous output of low-cost power, its energy cannot be stored. Meanwhile, during the electro-thermal conversion process, the electrolysis of the high-voltage electrode will produce a small amount of H2 and O2. The accumulation of H2 can lead to explosion or deflagration under certain conditions, which is extremely dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the accumulation of H2 to prevent explosion or deflagration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a heating and heat storage system.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0005] A heating and heat storage system includes an electrode steam generator, a steam-water separator, a hydrogen elimination and recombination unit, a heat exchanger, a drain pipe 1, a drain pipe 2, a return water pipe, and an exhaust pipe.

[0006] The outlet of the electrode steam generator is connected to the inlet of the steam-water separator through a drain pipe. The exhaust port of the steam-water separator is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen elimination and recombination unit through an exhaust pipe. The outlet of the steam-water separator is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger through a drain pipe. The drain port of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the electrode steam generator through a return water pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the hydrogen elimination recombiner includes a cooling exhaust chamber, a catalytic oxidation reaction chamber, and a gas mixing chamber arranged and connected from top to bottom; H2, O2, and saturated water vapor generated by the electrode steam generator enter the gas mixing chamber and mix with the injected air, and then enter the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber to realize the catalytic oxidation reaction, eliminate hydrogen and generate water vapor, and the water vapor enters the cooling exhaust chamber to cool down and is discharged.

[0008] Preferably, the cooling exhaust chamber, the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber, and the gas mixing chamber are separated by upper and lower perforated plates.

[0009] Preferably, the gas mixing chamber is provided with an air inlet, an air inlet, and an explosion-proof hole. Air is introduced into the gas mixing chamber through the air inlet. The gas mixing chamber is connected to the gas-water separator through the air inlet. An overpressure rupture diaphragm is provided on the explosion-proof hole.

[0010] Preferably, the overpressure rupture diaphragm is a metal diaphragm.

[0011] Preferably, the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber has several catalytic plates arranged horizontally, with a certain gap between two adjacent catalytic plates to allow the mixed gas to pass through.

[0012] Preferably, the catalytic plate is inclined, and the angle between it and the side wall of the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber is in the range of 0~45°.

[0013] Preferably, the hydrogen removal recombiner is made of explosion-proof material.

[0014] Preferably, the heat exchanger has heat exchange tubes arranged longitudinally inside, with the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchange tubes located at the top of the heat exchanger; the inlet of the heat exchanger is at the top, and the outlet of the heat exchanger is at the bottom.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank, a low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank, and a flash evaporator; the outlet pipes of the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank and the inlet of the flash evaporator; the outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank, and the outlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat user; the exhaust port of the flash evaporator is connected to the steam inlet pipe of the steam user, and the outlet of the flash evaporator is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat user or the hot water storage tank.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0017] 1. This application eliminates H2 generated by the electrode steam generator through steam-water separation of the steam-water separator and hydrogen elimination technology of the hydrogen elimination compounder, thereby preventing the accumulation of H2 in the electrode steam generator or heat exchanger from causing an explosion and endangering public property safety.

[0018] 2. This application has an explosion-proof hole on the gas mixing chamber of the hydrogen elimination recombiner and is equipped with an overpressure rupture diaphragm. When the gas pressure in the gas mixing chamber reaches a certain level, the overpressure rupture diaphragm on the explosion-proof hole will automatically expand, so that the gas mixing chamber is connected to the outside atmosphere, thereby achieving the function of pressure reduction and explosion prevention.

[0019] 3. This application utilizes low-cost power sources such as wind power, solar power, and off-peak electricity from the power grid to generate heat through an electrode steam generator, thereby providing heating to businesses and residential users, thus overcoming bottlenecks in both time and space, and improving power conversion efficiency and thermal energy utilization.

[0020] 4. This application achieves the purpose of storing (energy storage) temporarily unused heat in a high-temperature and high-pressure storage tank by using a safe and efficient electrode steam generator, a high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank, a low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank, and a flash evaporator, and producing steam and heat according to user needs. It effectively realizes the purpose of cascading utilization of low-cost high-voltage power sources such as unstable wind power, photovoltaic power, and off-peak electricity from the power grid, and reduces the cost of steam or heat for users. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are provided to further illustrate the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 2.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen removal and recombination device.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Electrode steam generator; 2-Steam-water separator; 3-Hydrogen removal and recombination unit; 3-1-Cooling exhaust chamber; 3-2-Catalytic oxidation reaction chamber; 3-2-1-Catalytic plate; 3-3-Gas mixing chamber; 4-Heat exchanger; 5-Drain pipe one; 6-Drain pipe two; 7-Return water pipe; 8-Exhaust pipe; 9-High temperature and high pressure heat storage tank; 10-Low temperature and low pressure hot water tank; 11-Flash evaporator. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] In order to solve the problem that the electrolysis of the high-voltage electrode during the electro-thermal conversion process using a low-cost power source will produce a small amount of H2 and O2, and the enrichment of H2 may cause explosion or deflagration under certain conditions, this application provides a heating system based on hydrogen elimination and recombination technology and an electrode steam generator, which includes an electrode steam generator 1, a steam-water separator 2, a hydrogen elimination and recombination device 3, a heat exchanger 4, a drain pipe 1 5, a drain pipe 2 6, a return water pipe 7, and an exhaust pipe 8.

[0029] See Figure 1 The electrode steam generator 1 is used for the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy. It is filled with electrolyte water, which has undergone deoxygenation and desalination (Ca). 2+ Mg 2+ The electrolyte water is heated by adding Na3PO4 to form an electrolyte solution. Heating is achieved through a high-voltage power supply, resulting in a heat exchange efficiency of nearly 99.9%. This maximizes the conversion of low-cost power sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power, and grid power into thermal energy. In addition to producing high-temperature hot water, the electrode steam generator 1 also generates small amounts of H2 and O2 under the electrolysis of the high-voltage electrodes. To achieve gas-water separation, the outlet of the electrode steam generator 1 is connected to the inlet of the steam-water separator 2 via a drain pipe 5, thus separating H2, O2, and some saturated water vapor from the electrolyte water.

[0030] See Figure 1 The steam-water separator 2 includes an exhaust port and a water outlet. The exhaust port is located at the top of the steam-water separator 2 and is connected to the air inlet of the hydrogen elimination compound 3 through an exhaust pipe 8. Due to the partial saturated water vapor and water-insoluble H2 and O2, and under their own buoyancy and the air pump on the exhaust pipe 8, they enter the hydrogen elimination compound 3 to achieve hydrogen elimination. The water outlet is located at the bottom of the steam-water separator 2 and is connected to the water inlet of the heat exchanger 4 through a drain pipe 2 6. The electrolyte saturated water in the steam-water separator 2 enters the heat exchanger 4 under the action of the water pump on the drain pipe 2 6 to achieve heat exchange with the low-temperature heat exchange medium.

[0031] See Figure 1 The hydrogen removal and recombination device 3 is made of explosion-proof material and includes a cooling exhaust chamber 3-1, a catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 and a gas mixing chamber 3-3 arranged and connected from top to bottom. The cooling exhaust chamber 3-1, the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 and the gas mixing chamber 3-3 are separated by upper and lower perforated plates.

[0032] The gas mixing chamber 3-3 is provided with an air inlet, an air inlet 2, an explosion-proof hole, and several exhaust holes. Air is introduced into the gas mixing chamber 3-3 through the air inlet 1. The gas mixing chamber 3-3 is connected to the gas-water separator 2 through the air inlet 2, allowing the mixed gas to enter. The explosion-proof hole is used to connect the gas mixing chamber 3-3 to the outside atmosphere. An overpressure rupture diaphragm, preferably a metal diaphragm, is installed on the explosion-proof hole. When the gas pressure in the gas mixing chamber 3-3 reaches a certain level, the overpressure rupture diaphragm on the explosion-proof hole will automatically expand, allowing the gas mixing chamber 3-3 to connect with the outside atmosphere, thus relieving pressure and achieving the purpose of pressure reduction and explosion prevention. Several exhaust holes are located on the top plate of the gas mixing chamber 3-3. The gas mixing chamber 3-3 is connected to the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 through the exhaust holes, so that the mixed gas in the gas mixing chamber 3-3 can smoothly enter the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2.

[0033] See Figure 3 The catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 has several catalytic plates 3-2-1 arranged laterally at an angle, with a certain gap between adjacent catalytic plates 3-2-1 to allow the mixed gas to pass through. The catalytic plates 3-2-1 are covered with catalysts such as Pt and Pd, which can complete the catalytic reaction of H2 and O2 and release heat to generate water vapor. The water vapor enters the cooling exhaust chamber 3-1 through the exhaust port at the top of the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2. Since the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 eliminates H2, it prevents the possibility of explosion of this system.

[0034] Furthermore, the catalyst plate 3-2-1 is inclined and the angle between it and the side wall of the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 is 0~45°. When the inclination angle of the catalyst plate 3-2-1 is 45°, it can not only increase the contact area between the catalyst plate 3-2-1 and the mixed gas, but also not affect the flow of water vapor.

[0035] The top of the cooling exhaust chamber 3-1 has an exhaust port to discharge cooled water vapor.

[0036] See Figure 1 The heat exchanger 4 has longitudinally arranged heat exchange tubes, with the inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchange tubes located at the top of the heat exchanger 4. A heat exchange medium flows through the heat exchange tubes. Saturated water flowing from the steam-water separator 2 enters the heat exchanger 4 through the inlet at the top of the heat exchanger 4, exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange tubes, and is discharged from the drain at the bottom of the heat exchanger 4. The water then flows back to the electrode steam generator 1 through the return water pipe 7, completing the heat exchange cycle. The electrode steam generator 1 is appropriately replenished with electrolyte water to ensure the ion concentration of the electrolyte water. The hot water generated by the heat exchanger is supplied to clean heating users and other heat users.

[0037] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the H2 generated by the electrode steam generator 1 is eliminated through the steam-water separation of the steam-water separator 2 and the hydrogen elimination technology of the hydrogen elimination compound 3, so as to prevent the accumulation of H2 in the electrode steam generator 1 or the heat exchanger 4 from causing an explosion and endangering the safety of public property.

[0038] In this embodiment, the high-temperature electrolyte water generated by the electrode steam generator 1 flows sequentially through the steam-water separator 2, drain pipe 1 5, drain pipe 2 6, heat exchanger 4 and return water pipe 7, and finally circulates back into the electrode steam generator 1, forming a closed high-temperature circulation loop, which introduces the heat energy converted from electrical energy into the heat exchanger 4.

[0039] In this embodiment, the water pump and pressure control mechanism are described.

[0040] In this embodiment, the heating system adopts a PLC, DCS or other control system to meet safety requirements and user requirements for steam, heat and other product output parameters.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] Embodiment 2 of this application addresses the problem of ineffective storage due to continuous output of low-cost power sources, and provides a thermal storage system based on hydrogen elimination composite technology and an electrode steam generator. This embodiment further includes a high-temperature, high-pressure thermal storage tank 9, a low-temperature, low-pressure hot water tank 10, and a flash evaporator 11. The drain pipes of the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger 4 are connected to the inlet of the high-temperature, high-pressure thermal storage tank 9 and the inlet of the flash evaporator 11, respectively. Part of the high-temperature, high-pressure hot water generated in the heat exchanger 4 enters the high-temperature, high-pressure thermal storage tank 9 for storage, and the other part enters the flash evaporator 11. After the pressure decreases, the flash evaporator vaporizes approximately 50% of the hot water into steam, which is discharged through a pipeline and provided to steam users. The remaining approximately 50% of the hot water is provided to hot water users or enters the hot water storage tank through another hot water pipeline. The drain outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank 10. The drain outlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank 10 is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat user. The high-temperature and high-pressure hot water entering the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank 10 is mixed with the normal temperature and pressure water entering the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank 10 to the temperature and pressure parameters required by the user, and then provided to the heat users who need it.

[0043] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by using the safe and efficient electrode steam generator 1, high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank 9, low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank 10 and flash evaporator 11, the purpose of storing temporarily unused heat in the high-temperature and high-pressure storage tank is realized, and steam and heat are produced according to user needs. This effectively realizes the purpose of cascading utilization of unstable low-cost high-voltage power sources such as wind power, photovoltaic power, and off-peak electricity from the power grid, and reduces the cost of steam or heat for users.

[0044] The following further explains the working process of the present invention to further demonstrate its working principle and advantages:

[0045] First, the electrolyte water in the electrode steam generator 1 is heated by a low-cost, high-voltage power source such as unstable wind power, photovoltaic power, or off-peak electricity from the power grid, which generates a small amount of H2 and O2. The electrolyte water, H2, O2, and saturated water vapor enter the steam-water separator 2 through the drain pipe 5. The H2, O2, and saturated water vapor are separated into the gas mixing chamber 3-3 of the hydrogen elimination and recombination unit 3 and mixed with the introduced air. Then, they enter the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber 3-2 to undergo a catalytic oxidation reaction and generate high-temperature water vapor. The high-temperature water vapor enters the cooling exhaust chamber 3-1 for cooling and then is discharged.

[0046] Secondly, the high-temperature electrolyte water separated from the steam-water separator 2 enters the heat exchanger 4 for heat exchange, and then circulates back to the electrode steam generator 1 through the return water pipe 7.

[0047] Finally, part of the high-temperature and high-pressure hot water generated in heat exchanger 4 enters the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank 9 for storage and provides heat to users as needed; another part enters the flash evaporator 11, where the flash evaporator vaporizes about 50% of the hot water into steam, which is discharged through pipelines and provided to steam users; and the remaining about 50% of the hot water is provided to hot water users through another hot water pipeline or enters the hot water storage tank.

[0048] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A heating and heat storage system, characterized in that: It includes an electrode steam generator (1), a steam-water separator (2), a hydrogen elimination and recombination unit (3), a heat exchanger (4), a drain pipe I (5), a drain pipe II (6), a return water pipe (7), and an exhaust pipe (8). The outlet of the electrode steam generator (1) is connected to the inlet of the steam-water separator (2) through a drain pipe (5). The exhaust port of the steam-water separator (2) is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen elimination compound (3) through an exhaust pipe (8). The outlet of the steam-water separator (2) is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger (4) through a drain pipe (6). The drain port of the heat exchanger (4) is connected to the inlet of the electrode steam generator (1) through a return water pipe (7). The hydrogen elimination compounder (3) includes a cooling exhaust chamber (3-1), a catalytic oxidation reaction chamber (3-2), and a gas mixing chamber (3-3) arranged and connected from top to bottom. H2, O2, and saturated water vapor generated by the electrode steam generator (1) enter the gas mixing chamber (3-3) and mix with the injected air. Then, they enter the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber (3-2) to realize the catalytic oxidation reaction, eliminate hydrogen and generate water vapor. The water vapor enters the cooling exhaust chamber (3-1) to cool down and is then discharged. The cooling exhaust chamber (3-1), catalytic oxidation reaction chamber (3-2), and gas mixing chamber (3-3) are separated by upper and lower perforated plates; the gas mixing chamber (3-3) is provided with an explosion-proof hole for communication between the gas mixing chamber (3-3) and the outside atmosphere, and an overpressure rupture diaphragm is provided on the explosion-proof hole.

2. The heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas mixing chamber (3-3) is also provided with an air inlet 1 and an air inlet 2. Air is introduced into the gas mixing chamber (3-3) through the air inlet 1. The gas mixing chamber (3-3) is connected to the steam-water separator (2) through the air inlet 2.

3. The heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overpressure rupture diaphragm is a metal diaphragm.

4. A heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalytic oxidation reaction chamber (3-2) has several catalytic plates (3-2-1) arranged horizontally, with a certain gap between two adjacent catalytic plates (3-2-1) to allow the mixed gas to pass through.

5. A heating and heat storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The catalyst plate (3-2-1) is inclined and the angle between it and the side wall of the catalytic oxidation reaction chamber (3-2) ranges from 0 to 45°.

6. A heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen removal recombiner (3) is made of explosion-proof material.

7. A heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (4) is equipped with heat exchange tubes arranged longitudinally inside. The inlet and outlet pipes of the heat exchange tubes are located at the top of the heat exchanger (4). The inlet of the heat exchanger (4) is located at the top, and the outlet of the heat exchanger (4) is located at the bottom.

8. A heating and heat storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank (9), a low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank (10), and a flash evaporator (11); the outlet pipes of the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger (4) are respectively connected to the inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank (9) and the inlet of the flash evaporator (11); the outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure heat storage tank (9) is connected to the inlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank (10), and the outlet of the low-temperature and low-pressure hot water tank (10) is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat user; the exhaust port of the flash evaporator (11) is connected to the steam inlet pipe of the steam user, and the outlet of the flash evaporator (11) is connected to the inlet pipe of the heat user or the hot water storage tank.

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