Crude oil heating apparatus and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a crude oil heating equipment and a control method, wherein the crude oil heating equipment comprises a tank body, a new energy power generation device and a heating part, the inside of the tank body is filled with water, the inside of the tank body is provided with crude oil heat exchange pipes, the crude oil heat exchange pipes comprise oil inlet ends and oil outlet ends, the oil inlet ends and the oil outlet ends are both extended to the outside of the tank body and communicated with crude oil conveying pipelines, the heating part is arranged in the tank body and electrically connected with the new energy power generation device, the heating part comprises fixed water electrodes and movable water electrodes, the movable water electrodes are driven away from or close to the fixed water electrodes through driving parts, so that the water resistance value is changed, the current maximum power point power of the new energy power generation device is obtained, the distance between the movable water electrodes and the fixed water electrodes is changed to change the water resistance value, the maximum power output of the new energy is tracked, and the maximum utilization of the new energy is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of equipment for heating crude oil, and in particular to a crude oil heating device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Crude oil is transported via pipelines. During transport, to reduce resistance, the industry commonly uses pressurization stations and water-jacketed heaters to heat and pressurize the crude oil. Pressurization provides kinetic energy to overcome geographical differences and pressure losses along the pipeline. Heating is a measure taken for crude oils with high wax content, high pour point, and high viscosity ("three-highs"), aiming to maintain the crude oil temperature in the pipeline above or higher than its pour point to ensure smooth flow. Most crude oil in my country has high viscosity and a high pour point, making heated transport a common process in domestic crude oil pipelines. However, currently used water-jacketed heaters mostly use petrochemical fuels as a combustion heat source to reduce the viscosity coefficient of crude oil and ensure transport, but they cannot achieve low-carbon operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to propose a crude oil heating device and control method, which aims to solve the problem that currently used water jacket heating furnaces mostly use petrochemical fuels as the combustion heat source to provide heat for crude oil transportation, reduce the viscosity coefficient of crude oil, and ensure the transportation of crude oil, but cannot achieve low-carbon operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a crude oil heating device, comprising a tank, a new energy power generation device, and a heating unit. The tank is filled with water and has a crude oil heat exchange tube inside. The crude oil heat exchange tube includes an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end, both of which extend outside the tank and are connected to a crude oil transport pipeline. The heating unit is located inside the tank and is electrically connected to the new energy power generation device. The heating unit includes a fixed water electrode and a movable water electrode. The movable water electrode is driven by a driving unit to move away from or closer to the fixed water electrode to change the water resistance value and obtain the current maximum power point of the new energy power generation device.

[0005] Optionally, the drive unit includes a slide rail, a rotary motor, a drive gear, a driven gear, and a connector. The slide rail is slidably connected to the movable water electrode. The rotary motor is mounted on the outside of the tank, and its main shaft extends into the tank. The drive gear is connected to the main shaft. The driven gear is located inside the tank and meshes with the drive gear. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side wall of the driven gear, and the other end is connected to the movable water electrode, driving the movable water electrode to move closer to or away from the fixed water electrode.

[0006] Optionally, both the movable water electrode and the fixed water electrode are provided with multiple through holes.

[0007] Optionally, the heating section may further include a gas heating device.

[0008] Optionally, the tank body is divided into two chambers by a heat insulation layer, namely the first chamber and the second chamber from bottom to top. The water temperature in the first chamber is lower than that in the second chamber. The water between the two chambers is circulated by a first temperature control valve to exchange heat. The crude oil heat exchange tube is located in the first chamber, and the heating part is located in the second chamber.

[0009] Optionally, it further includes a third chamber located between the first chamber and the second chamber, wherein the water temperature in the third chamber is higher than the water temperature in the first chamber but lower than the water temperature in the second chamber; the water between the first chamber and the third chamber is circulated through a first valve to exchange heat; the water between the third chamber and the second chamber is circulated through a second valve to exchange heat; the first temperature control valve includes the first valve and the second valve.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a fourth chamber located above the second chamber, the water temperature of the fourth chamber being higher than that of the second chamber; the water between the second chamber and the fourth chamber is circulated by a second temperature control valve to exchange heat; the fourth chamber is provided with a gas heat exchange tube, the inlet and outlet of the gas heat exchange tube extending out of the tank and connected to the crude oil delivery pipeline.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a fifth chamber located above the fourth chamber, the water temperature of the fifth chamber being higher than that of the fourth chamber; the water between the fifth chamber and the second chamber is circulated by a third valve to exchange heat; the water between the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber is circulated by a fourth valve to exchange heat; the second temperature control valve includes the third valve and the fourth valve.

[0012] Optionally, the crude oil transport pipeline includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe. The outer pipe is connected to the inlet and outlet of the gas heat exchanger. The inner pipe is sleeved inside the outer pipe and is connected to the oil inlet and outlet of the crude oil heat exchanger. A gas transport channel is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. The inner wall of the inner pipe is connected to the gas transport channel. The gas transported by the gas heat exchanger enters the inner pipe through the gas transport channel.

[0013] This invention provides a control method for a crude oil heating device, comprising a tank, a new energy power generation device, and a heating unit. The tank is filled with water and has a crude oil heat exchange tube inside, which includes an inlet end and an outlet end, both extending outside the tank and communicating with a crude oil delivery pipeline. The heating unit is located inside the tank and electrically connected to the new energy power generation device. The heating unit includes a fixed water electrode and a movable water electrode. The movable water electrode is driven by a driving unit to move away from or closer to the fixed water electrode to change the water resistance value. The method is characterized by the following steps: The temperature of the first chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the first chamber is lower than or equal to a first preset temperature, the first valve is opened, and water circulates between the first chamber and the third chamber to increase the temperature of the first chamber. When the temperature of the first chamber is higher than the first preset temperature, the first valve is closed. The temperature of the third chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the third chamber is lower than or equal to the second preset temperature, the second valve opens, and water circulates between the third chamber and the second chamber to increase the temperature of the third chamber. When the temperature of the third chamber is higher than the second preset temperature, the second valve closes. The temperature of the second chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the second chamber is equal to or higher than the third preset temperature, the third valve is opened, and water circulates between the second chamber and the fifth chamber to reduce the temperature of the second chamber. When the temperature of the second chamber is lower than the third preset temperature, the third valve is closed. The temperature of the fourth chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the fourth chamber is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is opened, and water circulates between the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber to increase the water temperature in the fourth chamber. When the temperature of the fourth chamber is greater than the fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is closed.

[0014] In the technical solution of this invention, when heat is needed to supply crude oil, the new energy power generation device provides electricity to the heating unit, replacing traditional fuel oil for energy supply, thus achieving environmental protection and energy conservation. Simultaneously, since the heating unit includes a fixed water electrode and a movable water electrode, the water resistance is the product of the water volume and resistivity between the movable and fixed water electrodes. The greater the relative distance between the movable and fixed water electrodes, the greater the water resistance, and vice versa. Based on the principle of electrical work, power is the ratio of the square of the voltage to the water resistance. When the voltage is constant, the driving unit drives the relative distance between the movable and fixed water electrodes to obtain a power point corresponding to the current maximum power point of the new energy power generation device, achieving maximum power point tracking of the new energy power generation device, further enhancing the energy-saving and environmentally friendly effects of the crude oil heating equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the crude oil heating device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tank's structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at a distance from the first position; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at the second position; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at the third position.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the embodiments provided in this invention:

[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0022] Crude oil is transported via pipelines. During transport, to reduce resistance, the industry commonly uses pressurization stations and water-jacketed heaters to heat and pressurize the crude oil. Pressurization provides kinetic energy to overcome geographical differences and pressure losses along the pipeline. Heating is a measure taken for crude oils with high wax content, high pour point, and high viscosity ("three-highs"), aiming to maintain the crude oil temperature in the pipeline above or higher than its pour point to ensure smooth flow. Most crude oil in my country has high viscosity and a high pour point, making heated transport a common process in domestic crude oil pipelines. However, currently used water-jacketed heaters mostly use petrochemical fuels as a combustion heat source to reduce the viscosity coefficient of crude oil and ensure transport, but they cannot achieve low-carbon operation.

[0023] Therefore, the present invention provides a crude oil heating device and control method that are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly than existing crude oil heating devices. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the crude oil heating device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1A schematic diagram of the tank's structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at a distance from the first position; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at the second position; Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the structure of the heating element when the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are at a third position. The first position is where the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode are furthest apart; the second position is where they are closest together; and the third position is where the distance between the fixed water electrode and the movable water electrode is less than the furthest distance but greater than the closest distance.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 The crude oil heating equipment 100 includes a tank 1, a new energy power generation device 2, and a heating section 3. The tank 1 is filled with water and has a crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a inside. The crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a includes an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end, both of which extend out of the outside of the tank 1 and are connected to a crude oil transport pipeline (not shown in the figure). The heating section 3 is located inside the tank 1 and is electrically connected to the new energy power generation device 2. The heating section 3 includes a fixed water electrode 31 and a movable water electrode 32. The movable water electrode 32 is driven away from or closer to the fixed water electrode 31 by a driving unit 4 to change the water resistance value and obtain the current maximum power point of the new energy power generation device 2.

[0025] Understandably, the crude oil heating equipment 100 includes a tank 1, a new energy power generation device 2, and a heating section 3, wherein the new energy power generation device 2 can be wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, etc. Figure 1The invention showcases a photovoltaic power generation device. The crude oil heating device 100 heats crude oil through heat exchange; that is, after crude oil enters the crude oil heat exchange tube 11a, the crude oil in the crude oil heat exchange tube 11a exchanges heat with the water in the tank 1. To save energy, this invention uses a new energy power generation device 2, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. However, the new energy power generation device 2 is not stable. Due to the instability of wind and solar energy, the energy provided by the new energy power generation device 2 is not stable enough. To obtain the maximum heating effect, the heating unit 3 is configured to include a fixed water electrode 31 and a movable water electrode 32. The movable water electrode 32 is driven away from or closer to the fixed water electrode 31 by a driving unit 4. The water resistance is the product of the water volume and resistivity between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31. The greater the relative distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31, the greater the water resistance value, and vice versa. Based on the principle of electrical work, power is the ratio of the square of the voltage to the water resistance. When the voltage is constant, the relative distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 corresponds to the current maximum power point of the new energy power generation device 2, thus achieving maximum power point tracking of the new energy power generation device 2. When the new energy power generation device 2 is generating at its minimum power, the movable water electrode 32 is displaced to the point where the relative distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 is at its maximum (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown in the first position), the water resistance value is relatively maximum and adapted to the power generation of the new energy power generation device 2; when the new energy power generation device 2 is generating at maximum power, the relative distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 is minimum (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown in the second position), the water resistance value is relatively minimum and adapted to the power generation of the new energy power generation device 2; when the power generation of the new energy power generation device 2 is at a certain power point, the position of the movable water electrode 32 is adjusted (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown in the third position), so that the water resistance value matches the current power output of the new energy power generation device 2, thereby achieving maximum power tracking of the new energy power generation device 2. This invention changes the water resistance value by controlling the distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31, thereby tracking the maximum power output of the new energy source and maximizing its utilization.

[0026] In the above technical solution, the position between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 is adjusted according to the power output of the new energy power generation device 2, so that the energy of the new energy power generation device 2 is utilized to the maximum extent. After being heated by the heating part 3, the heat is transferred to the water in the tank 1. When crude oil flows through the crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a, the crude oil and water exchange heat to heat the crude oil. This invention uses the new energy heating device and changes the water resistance value by controlling the change of the distance between the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 to track the maximum power output of the new energy and realize the maximum utilization of the new energy.

[0027] Furthermore, the heating section 3 also includes a gas heating device 33. The energy provided by the new energy power generation device 2 is not stable. Due to weather or other reasons, the new energy power generation device 2 cannot generate electricity normally, and the temperature of the crude oil heating equipment 100 cannot meet the future heating demand. The controller in the crude oil heating equipment 100 controls the start of the gas heating device 33 to heat the water in the tank 1 based on meteorological data, gas heating rate and the current water electrode of the heating section 3 and the heat storage temperature of the crude oil heating equipment 100, so as to ensure the heating demand around the clock. This invention mainly uses new energy power supply and gas heating as an auxiliary to ensure the heating demand around the clock.

[0028] In the technical solution of the present invention, the movable water electrode 32 is driven to move by the driving unit 4 to move closer to or away from the fixed water electrode 31. The specific structure of the driving unit 4 is not limited; for example, the driving unit 4 can be a telescopic motor, a telescopic cylinder, etc., used to drive the movable water electrode 32 closer to or away from the fixed water electrode 31. Preferably, such as… Figure 2-5As shown, the drive unit 4 includes a slide rail 41, a rotary motor 42, a drive gear 43, a driven gear 44, and a connecting rod 45. The slide rail 41 is slidably connected to the movable water electrode 32, and the slide rail 41 serves to guide the movable water electrode 32. The motor mount of the rotary motor 42 is located outside the tank 1, and the main shaft extends into the tank 1. The drive gear 43 is connected to the main shaft. The driven gear 44 is located inside the tank 1 and meshes with the drive gear 43. One end of the connecting rod 45 is connected to the driven gear. The side wall of the wheel 44 is rotatably connected, and the other end is connected to the movable water electrode 32, which drives the movable water electrode 32 to move closer to or away from the fixed water electrode 31. Placing the rotary motor 42 on the outside of the tank 1 protects the rotary motor 42 and prevents it from being damaged by water. By using the drive gear 43 to drive the driven gear 44 to move the movable water electrode 32, the drive unit 4 can control the distance of the movable water electrode 32 to move more precisely than structures such as telescopic motors.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 are plate-shaped. During the movement, water will become a resistance. In order to reduce the resistance caused by water, both the movable water electrode 32 and the fixed water electrode 31 are provided with multiple through holes 32a so that water can flow out from the through holes 32a to reduce resistance. This application does not limit the number of the multiple through holes 32a. Each water electrode (movable water electrode 32 or fixed water electrode 31) can have 1, 2, 3, etc. The through holes 32a on each water electrode are evenly spaced and distributed throughout the entire water electrode. In this way, each water electrode is subjected to uniform force and has low resistance.

[0030] To heat the crude oil, the tank 1 is divided into two chambers by an insulation layer, namely a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12 from bottom to top. The water temperature in the first chamber 11 is lower than that in the second chamber 12. The water between the two chambers circulates under the control of a first temperature-controlled valve to exchange heat. The crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a is located in the first chamber 11, and the heating element 3 is located in the second chamber 12. Specifically, the crude oil in the crude oil heating equipment 100 mainly obtains heat through heat exchange with water, while the water in the tank 1 is heated by the heating element 3. Since the heat required by the crude oil varies each time it is transported, depending on environmental factors, pipe diameter, and other factors, the required heat needs to be supplied to the crude oil according to the needs. If the crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a and the heating element 3 are in the same chamber, most of the heat supplied by the heating element 3 will be transferred to the crude oil through the water, making precise heat control impossible. To achieve precise heat control, the tank 1 is divided into the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 by an insulation material. Heat cannot be exchanged between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12. The crude oil heat exchange tube 11a is located in the first chamber 11, and the heating part 3 is located in the second chamber 12. When the temperature in the first chamber 11 is lower than the required temperature of the crude oil, the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 exchange heat through the first temperature control valve to increase the temperature of the first chamber 11. When the temperature of the first chamber 11 reaches the preset temperature, the first temperature control valve between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 is closed, and the temperature between the two chambers can no longer be transferred. In this way, the crude oil can be precisely heat-exchanged.

[0031] To enable more precise heat control in the crude oil heating device 100, a third chamber 13 is provided between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12. The first chamber 11, the second chamber 12, and the third chamber 13 are separated by heat insulation material to prevent arbitrary heat transfer. The water temperature in the third chamber 13 is higher than that in the first chamber 11 but lower than that in the second chamber 12. To allow heat transfer when needed, a first valve is provided between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13. The first valve controls the opening and closing of the pipe to allow water exchange between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13. Both the first valve and the pipe are located on the partition between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13. When the temperature of the first chamber 11 is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, the first valve controls the pipe to open, allowing the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13 to circulate and exchange heat to raise the temperature of the first chamber 11. When the temperature of the first chamber 11 reaches the first preset temperature, the first valve controls the pipe to close. A second valve is provided between the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12. The second valve controls the opening and closing of the pipe to allow water exchange between the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12. The second valve and the pipe are both installed on the partition between the second chamber 12 and the third chamber 13. When the temperature of the third chamber 13 is less than or equal to a second preset temperature, the second valve controls the pipe to open, and the second chamber 12 and the third chamber 13 circulate and exchange heat to increase the temperature of the third chamber 13. When the temperature of the third chamber 13 reaches the second preset temperature, the second valve controls the pipe to close. That is, the temperature of the first chamber 11, the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12 increases sequentially from bottom to top. The temperature is transferred from the second chamber 12 to the third chamber 13, and then to the first chamber 11. The temperature is transferred between multiple chambers to achieve precise temperature control.

[0032] Furthermore, a fourth chamber 14 is provided above the second chamber 12, and the water temperature in the fourth chamber 14 is higher than that in the second chamber 12; the water between the second chamber 12 and the fourth chamber 14 is circulated by a second temperature control valve to exchange heat; a gas heat exchange tube 14a is provided in the fourth chamber 14, and the inlet and outlet ends of the gas heat exchange tube 14a extend out of the tank body 1 and are connected to the crude oil conveying pipeline.

[0033] Understandably, the fourth chamber 14 is used to heat the gas in the crude oil delivery pipeline. In order to achieve precise temperature control, the gas heat exchange tube 14a and the heating part 3 are placed in two separate chambers. The heat from the second chamber 12 is transferred to the fourth chamber 14 to provide heat to the gas heat exchange tube 14a. Specifically, when the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 is lower than or equal to the preset temperature, that is, when the water in the fourth chamber 14 cannot provide the required heat to the gas, the second temperature control valve opens to allow the temperature of the second chamber 12 and the fourth chamber 14 to circulate and exchange, so that the temperature of the second chamber 12 is transferred to the fourth chamber 14. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 reaches a temperature higher than the preset temperature, the second temperature control valve closes.

[0034] To achieve precise temperature exchange of the gas, a fifth chamber 15 is further provided above the fourth chamber 14. The water temperature in the fifth chamber 15 is higher than that in the fourth chamber 14. The fifth chamber 15 and the second chamber 12 are connected by a third valve controlling the opening and closing of a pipe, allowing for temperature circulation and exchange between them. The high-heat water generated in the second chamber 12 is transferred to the fifth chamber 15 for storage. Specifically, when the temperature of the second chamber 12 is higher than a third preset temperature, the third valve opens the corresponding pipe, allowing water circulation between the second chamber 12 and the fifth chamber 15 to lower the temperature of the second chamber 12. When the temperature of the second chamber 12 is lower than the third preset temperature, the third valve closes, stopping the water circulation and heat exchange. In some embodiments, the fifth chamber 15 stores the high-temperature water from the second chamber 12. To ensure safety, a pressure-reducing valve is installed at the top of the fifth chamber 15 to guarantee the safety of the tank 1.

[0035] The fourth chamber 14 and the fifth chamber 15 are connected by a fourth valve-controlled pipe, allowing for temperature cyclical exchange between them to raise the temperature of the fourth chamber 14. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 exceeds a fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve closes the pipe. This design, which first transfers temperature to the fifth chamber 15 and then to the fourth chamber 14, enables precise temperature control.

[0036] The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve do not operate simultaneously; that is, only one valve is open at a time. For example, when the first valve is open, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are all closed. The same applies to the other valves. When both the third chamber 13 and the fifth chamber 15 require heat transfer from the second chamber 12, the second chamber 12 preferentially transfers heat to the third chamber 13, and then transfers heat to the fifth chamber 15.

[0037] It should be noted that, preferably, the new energy power generation device 2 includes wind power or photovoltaic power generation and a periodic switching power electronic switch module. The wind power or photovoltaic power generation is installed around the periphery of the tank 1, and the periodic switching power electronic switch module is placed near the periphery of the tank 1 or mounted on the tank 1. The DC output cable of the wind power or photovoltaic power generation is directly connected to the input terminal of the periodic switching power electronic switch module, and the output terminal of the periodic switching power electronic switch module is connected to the fixed water electrode 31 and the movable water electrode 32 in the heating unit 3 via a wire passing through the tank 1. To prevent water electrode polarization, the periodic switching power electronic switch module switches periodically to avoid water electrode polarization. Here, the wire is a two-core, two-wire device.

[0038] In the technical solution of the present invention, the crude oil transport pipeline includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe. The outer pipe is connected to the gas inlet and gas outlet of the gas heat exchange pipe 14a. The inner pipe is sleeved inside the outer pipe and is connected to the oil inlet and oil outlet of the crude oil heat exchange pipe 11a. A gas transport channel is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. The inner sidewall of the inner pipe is connected to the gas transport channel. The gas transported by the gas heat exchange pipe 14a enters the inner pipe through the gas transport channel.

[0039] In the above technical solution, the crude oil transportation pipeline includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe. The outer pipe is connected to the gas heat exchange pipe 14a. Since natural gas is generated during crude oil extraction, to save energy, the generated natural gas can be converted into high-temperature and high-pressure gas and sent into the outer pipe. The inner pipe is connected to the outer pipe. Gas entering the gas transportation channel enters the inner pipe. Because the density of crude oil is nearly 800 times that of air, the gas entering the inner pipe forms a gas film between the crude oil and the inner pipe, separating the crude oil and the inner pipe. This greatly reduces the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the inner pipe, thereby reducing the viscosity of the crude oil and greatly improving the crude oil transportation capacity.

[0040] This invention provides a control method for the crude oil heating device 100, which includes a tank 1, a new energy power generation device 2, and a heating unit 3. The tank 1 is filled with water and has a crude oil heat exchange tube 11a inside. The crude oil heat exchange tube 11a includes an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end, both of which extend outside the tank 1 and communicate with a crude oil conveying pipeline. The heating unit 3 is located inside the tank 1 and is electrically connected to the new energy power generation device 2. The heating unit 3 includes a fixed water electrode 31 and a movable water electrode 32. The movable water electrode 32 is driven away from or closer to the fixed water electrode 31 by a driving unit 4 to change the water resistance value. The method includes the following steps: The temperature of the first chamber 11 is obtained. When the temperature of the first chamber 11 is lower than or equal to the first preset temperature, the first valve is opened, and water circulates between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13 to increase the temperature of the first chamber 11. When the temperature of the first chamber 11 is greater than the first preset temperature, the first valve is closed. For example, when the first preset temperature is 10°C, the temperature of the first chamber 11 is lower than 10°C because the temperature of the first chamber 11 is transferred to the crude oil. At this time, the first valve opens, and the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13 exchange heat to make the temperature of the first chamber 11 reach 11°C. At this time, the temperature of the first chamber 11 is greater than the first preset temperature of 10°C. The first valve controls the pipeline to close, stopping the heat exchange between the first chamber 11 and the third chamber 13.

[0041] The temperature of the third chamber 13 is obtained. When the temperature of the third chamber 13 is lower than or equal to the second preset temperature, the second valve is opened, and water circulates between the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12 to increase the temperature of the third chamber 13. When the temperature of the third chamber 13 is greater than the second preset temperature, the second valve is closed. For example, when the second preset temperature is 30°C, the temperature of the third chamber 13 is lower than 30°C due to heat transfer between the third chamber 13 and the first chamber 11. At this time, the second valve opens to allow water circulation between the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12 to increase the temperature of the third chamber 13 so that the temperature of the third chamber 13 is higher than 30°C, for example, reaching 31°C. Then, the second valve controls the pipe to close, stopping the heat transfer between the third chamber 13 and the second chamber 12.

[0042] The temperature of the second chamber 12 is obtained. When the temperature of the second chamber 12 is equal to or higher than the third preset temperature, the third valve is opened, and water circulates between the second chamber 12 and the fifth chamber 15 to reduce the temperature of the second chamber 12. When the temperature of the second chamber 12 is lower than the third preset temperature, the third valve is closed. For example, the third preset temperature is 60°C. When the temperature of the second chamber 12 is 65°C, the third valve opens, and the temperature of the second chamber 12 is transferred to the fifth chamber 15. When the temperature of the second chamber 12 is lower than 60°C, the third valve closes the pipe and stops the heat transfer.

[0043] The temperature of the fourth chamber 14 is obtained. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 is less than or equal to the fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is opened, and water circulates between the fourth chamber 14 and the fifth chamber 15 to increase the temperature of the fourth chamber 14. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 is greater than the fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is closed.

[0044] For example, the fourth preset temperature is 45°C. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 is below 45°C, the fourth valve opens the pipe to allow heat exchange between the fourth chamber 14 and the fifth chamber 15. When the temperature of the fourth chamber 14 exceeds 45°C, the fourth valve closes to stop heat transfer.

[0045] It should be noted that the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve do not work simultaneously; that is, only one valve is open at a time. For example, when the first valve is open, the second valve, the third valve, and the fourth valve are all closed. The same applies to the other valves. Furthermore, when both the third chamber 13 and the fifth chamber 15 require heat transfer from the second chamber 12, the second chamber 12 preferentially transfers heat to the third chamber 13, and then transfers heat to the fifth chamber 15.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crude oil heating device, characterized in that, include: The tank is filled with water and has a crude oil heat exchange tube inside. The crude oil heat exchange tube includes an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end, both of which extend out of the outside of the tank and are connected to the crude oil transport pipeline. New energy power generation equipment; and, A heating element is located inside the tank and is electrically connected to the new energy power generation device. The heating element includes a fixed water electrode and a movable water electrode. The movable water electrode is driven away from or closer to the fixed water electrode by a driving element to change the water resistance value and obtain the current maximum power point power of the new energy power generation device. The tank is divided into two chambers by a heat insulation layer, which are the first chamber and the second chamber from bottom to top. The water temperature in the first chamber is lower than the water temperature in the second chamber. The water between the two chambers is circulated by a first temperature control valve to exchange heat. The crude oil heat exchange tube is located in the first chamber, and the heating part is located in the second chamber; The tank also includes a third chamber located between the first chamber and the second chamber, and a fourth chamber located above the second chamber. The water temperature in the third chamber is higher than that in the first chamber but lower than that in the second chamber. The fourth chamber is equipped with a gas heat exchange tube, and the inlet and outlet ends of the gas heat exchange tube extend out of the tank and are connected to the crude oil transport pipeline. The water between the first chamber and the third chamber circulates through a first valve to exchange heat. The water between the third chamber and the second chamber is circulated through a second valve to exchange heat. The first temperature control valve includes the first valve and the second valve.

2. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes: A slide rail is slidably connected to the movable water electrode. A rotary motor, with its motor mount located outside the tank body and its main shaft extending into the tank body; The drive gear is connected to the main shaft; The driven gear is located inside the tank and meshes with the driving gear; The connecting rod has one end rotatably connected to the side wall of the driven gear and the other end connected to the movable water electrode, which drives the movable water electrode to move closer to or away from the fixed water electrode.

3. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the movable water electrode and the fixed water electrode have multiple through holes.

4. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating section also includes a gas heating device.

5. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water temperature in the fourth chamber is higher than that in the second chamber; The water between the second chamber and the fourth chamber circulates under the control of a second temperature-controlled valve to exchange heat.

6. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a fifth chamber located above the fourth chamber, wherein the water temperature in the fifth chamber is higher than that in the fourth chamber; The water between the fifth chamber and the second chamber is circulated through a third valve to exchange heat. The water between the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber is controlled by a fourth valve to exchange heat. The second temperature control valve includes the third valve and the fourth valve.

7. The crude oil heating equipment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The crude oil transport pipeline includes: The outer tube is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the gas heat exchange tube; An inner tube is fitted inside the outer tube and is connected to the oil inlet and outlet ends of the crude oil heat exchange tube. A gas transmission channel is formed between the inner tube and the outer tube. The inner sidewall of the inner tube is connected to the gas transmission channel. The gas transported by the gas heat exchange tube enters the inner tube through the gas transmission channel.

8. A control method for a crude oil heating device as described in claim 6, wherein the crude oil heating device comprises a tank, a new energy power generation device, and a heating unit; the tank is filled with water, and a crude oil heat exchange tube is provided inside the tank, the crude oil heat exchange tube including an oil inlet end and an oil outlet end, both of which extend outside the tank and communicate with a crude oil conveying pipeline; the heating unit is disposed inside the tank and electrically connected to the new energy power generation device, the heating unit including a fixed water electrode and a movable water electrode, the movable water electrode being driven away from or closer to the fixed water electrode by a driving unit to change the water resistance value, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: The temperature of the first chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the first chamber is lower than or equal to a first preset temperature, the first valve is opened, and water circulates between the first chamber and the third chamber to increase the temperature of the first chamber. When the temperature of the first chamber is higher than the first preset temperature, the first valve is closed. The temperature of the third chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the third chamber is lower than or equal to the second preset temperature, the second valve opens, and water circulates between the third chamber and the second chamber to increase the temperature of the third chamber. When the temperature of the third chamber is higher than the second preset temperature, the second valve closes. The temperature of the second chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the second chamber is equal to or higher than the third preset temperature, the third valve is opened, and water circulates between the second chamber and the fifth chamber to reduce the temperature of the second chamber. When the temperature of the second chamber is lower than the third preset temperature, the third valve is closed. The temperature of the fourth chamber is obtained. When the temperature of the fourth chamber is less than or equal to a fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is opened, and water circulates between the fourth chamber and the fifth chamber to increase the water temperature in the fourth chamber. When the temperature of the fourth chamber is greater than the fourth preset temperature, the fourth valve is closed.

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