An alternative capping beam and prefabricated component production device and method for fixing bored cast-in-place piles

Abstract

The present invention provides a prefabricated component production device and method for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles, belonging to the technical field of cement prefabrication, and is used for producing large-volume cement prefabricated components with an inner cavity structure. When the volume of the prefabricated component is large, it is difficult to evacuate the internal hydration heat during the curing process, which will affect the quality of the prefabricated component; the cavity structure of the prefabricated component will cause difficulties in formwork setting and demoulding. In the present invention, the production device includes a bottom formwork, side formworks, end formworks, a top formwork, rods and a first bladder. The bottom formwork is arranged at the bottom, the side formworks are arranged on both sides, the end formworks are arranged at both ends, the top formwork is arranged at the top, and the plurality of formworks enclose the pouring area of the prefabricated component and are fixed and strengthened by a plurality of rods. The first bladder is arranged in the pouring area and includes a first fixed end and a flexible area. The flexible area is expanded under pressure to form an inner mold and is formed into an inner cavity. The device and method of the present invention can cooperate to improve the pouring quality and construction convenience of large-volume concrete prefabricated components with an inner cavity structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of cement prefabrication, and particularly relates to a prefabricated component production device and method for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, in order to improve the stability of buildings, multiple holes are usually drilled from the ground downwards, then bored cast-in-place piles are formed by pouring, and then the tops of multiple bored cast-in-place piles are poured into one body with concrete to form a capping beam as the bearing foundation of the building. However, in this construction method, the hardening period after concrete pouring is long, which will affect the project efficiency and cycle and increase the project cost. In order to simplify the construction process and improve the construction efficiency, the applicant has adopted the method of concrete prefabrication.

[0003] The prefabricated components for replacing the capping beam and fixing the bored cast-in-place piles are characterized by large volume and the need to reserve cavities inside. This brings technical problems to the production of prefabricated components. On the one hand, the thickness of the prefabricated components is large. During the concrete curing process, the internal hydration heat is difficult to dissipate, and the parameters of concrete shrinkage and expansion are inconsistent, which easily leads to internal stress and causes local cracking and other situations, affecting the quality of the prefabricated components. On the other hand, since the reserved cavities of the prefabricated components are inside the concrete, it is difficult to set the formwork, and there are also difficulties in the demolding step after pouring. If the internal area of the cavity is larger than the surface opening, it is directly impossible to set the formwork and demold. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated component production device and method for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles, which is used to solve the problems in the prior art that when pouring large-volume and cavity-containing concrete prefabricated components, the large volume of the concrete prefabricated components makes it difficult to dissipate the hydration heat, affecting the quality of the finished product, and the internal cavity of the concrete prefabricated components makes it difficult to set the formwork and demold.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a prefabricated component production device and method for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles.

[0006] Among them, a prefabricated component production device for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles includes a bottom formwork, side formworks, end formworks, a top formwork, rods and a first bladder;

[0007] The bottom formwork is arranged at the bottom, the two side formworks are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom formwork in the length direction, the two end formworks are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom formwork in the length direction, the top formwork is arranged at the top, and the bottom formwork, side formworks, end formworks and top formwork enclose a pouring area of the prefabricated component and are fixed and strengthened by multiple rods;

[0008] The first bladder is disposed in the pouring area. The first bladder includes a first fixed end and a flexible area. The flexible area expands under pressure. The pressure port of the first bladder is led out to the outside of the pouring area, and the pressure port is disposed at the first fixed end.

[0009] Optionally, it further includes an end plate and a second bladder. The end plate is disposed inside two side formworks and has a gap with one of the end formworks. The second bladder is disposed in the gap space.

[0010] Optionally, the first bladder further includes a second fixed end, and the flexible area is located between the first fixed end and the second fixed end;

[0011] The second fixed end is fixed to the bottom formwork, and the first fixed end is fixed to the top formwork or a rod member.

[0012] Optionally, the first bladder further includes a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is located inside the first bladder and its two ends are respectively connected to the first fixed end and the second fixed end. The pressure port is communicated with the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is communicated with the inside of the first bladder.

[0013] Optionally, the first bladder further includes a one-way valve and a drainage pipe;

[0014] The one-way valve is disposed in the connecting pipe and divides the connecting pipe into a first pressure area near the first fixed end and a second pressure area near the second fixed end. Fluid can only enter the second pressure area from the first pressure area and cannot flow in the reverse direction. A communication port is provided on the wall surface of the second pressure area, and the communication port is communicated with the flexible area;

[0015] The drainage pipe is also disposed inside the first bladder. One end of the drainage pipe is located at the bottom of the first bladder and is communicated with the inside of the first bladder, and the other end is led out to the first fixed end;

[0016] The side formwork includes a forming layer, a structure layer, a switching layer, and an outer layer arranged in sequence. The forming layer is located on the innermost side. The structure layer is provided with multiple columns of structure holes within the range of the pouring area. The switching layer is provided with multiple columns of flow channel grooves. The column pitch of the flow channel grooves is twice the column pitch of the structure holes. Multiple columns of the flow channel grooves are communicated with each other. A grouting port is provided on the outer layer, and the grouting port is communicated with the flow channel grooves.

[0017] Optionally, it further includes a frame. The frame is spliced by multiple structural members. The top of the frame is open. Multiple formworks are all located inside the frame. At least two groups of bladder driving components are disposed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the frame;

[0018] The bladder driving component includes a shaft rod and a third bladder;

[0019] Both ends of the shaft rod are rotatably connected to the frame. The third bladder is wrapped around the shaft rod and hermetically connected to the shaft rod at both ends. There is an injection channel inside the shaft rod. A connection port is provided on the section of the shaft rod wrapped by the third bladder. The connection port communicates with the internal area of the third bladder and the injection channel of the shaft rod. The end of the shaft rod is connected to an external injection pipe through a rotary sealing structure.

[0020] Optionally, the bladder driving assembly further includes a driving motor;

[0021] Each shaft rod is connected to the output power of one driving motor, or each shaft rod is connected to the output power of the same driving motor, and they are driven by a transmission chain or a transmission belt.

[0022] Among them, a production method for prefabricated components to replace a capping beam and a fixed cast-in-place bored pile uses the production device as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0023] Assemble the formwork, assemble the bottom formwork, side formwork, and end formwork into a prefabricated component mold combination, and initially fix it with the rod members. Place the mold combination inside the frame;

[0024] Set the first bladder, fix the first fixed end and the second fixed end of the first bladder according to the inner cavity position of the prefabricated component, and pressurize and expand it to form, and ensure that the pressure of the first bladder can overcome the extrusion pressure of the concrete slurry;

[0025] Spray the release agent, spray the concrete release agent on the pouring area and the surface of the first bladder;

[0026] First grouting, pour concrete into the pouring area, cover the top formwork after pouring is completed and fix it again;

[0027] Remove the forming layer. After the set time of concrete pouring, remove the forming layer of the side formwork;

[0028] Second grouting, perform secondary grouting through the grouting port. After the grouting is completed, push the switching layer to move a distance equal to the pitch of one structural hole row.

[0029] Optionally, in the step of setting the first bladder, water is used as the pressurizing medium.

[0030] Optionally, after the set time of the second grouting is completed, pump out the water in the first pressure area, inject compressed air into it, and at the same time connect the grouting port and the drainage pipe with a water pipe.

[0031] As described above, the prefabricated component production device and method of the present invention to replace a capping beam and a fixed cast-in-place bored pile have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] For large-volume and cavity-containing concrete precast components, the pouring quality is better and the pouring process is more convenient. Specifically, this production device includes a bottom formwork, side formworks, end formworks, a top formwork, rods, and a first bladder. Among them, multiple formworks enclose the outer shape structure of the precast component and are fixed by rods. The first bladder is arranged inside the pouring area surrounded by multiple formworks. The shape and size of the first bladder can be set according to the cavities to be reserved in the precast component. By pressurizing and expanding the first bladder, on the one hand, an internal formwork can be formed, which forms a pouring area with an inner cavity together with multiple formworks, adapting to complex shapes and cavity structures located inside the precast component; on the other hand, the first bladder can be pressurized by water pressure. During the curing process of the concrete, the first bladder contacts the inner wall of the concrete cavity, and the water inside the first bladder can absorb the hydration heat, playing a role in relieving and balancing; moreover, the first bladder itself has a flexible feature and can adapt to the volume change during the concrete curing process, making it not easy to form internal stress and avoiding crack generation; after the concrete curing is completed, the water inside the first bladder can be released, making the first bladder shrink and soften, so that it can be taken out from the inner cavity of the concrete, and the demoulding is convenient. Generally speaking, the pouring quality is better and the pouring process is more convenient. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 Shown is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the formwork combination of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 Shown is a top view schematic diagram of the formwork combination of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 Shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first bladder of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 Shown is the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section in

[0037] Figure 5 Shown is the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the B-B cross-section in

[0038] Figure 6 Shown is the present invention Figure 5 Partial enlarged schematic diagram at A in

[0039] Figure 7 Shown is a disassembled structure schematic diagram of the side formwork of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 Shown are schematic diagrams of two states of the side formwork of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 Shown is a combined schematic diagram of the formwork and the frame of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 Shown as a schematic diagram of the framework of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 Shown as a schematic diagram of the pouch driving assembly of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 Shown as a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the prefabricated part produced by the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 Shown as a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the prefabricated part produced by the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 Shown as a schematic diagram of the rotary sealing structure of the present invention.

[0047] Wherein: bottom formwork 11, side formwork 12, forming layer 121, structural layer 122, structural hole 1221, switching layer 123, runner groove 1231, outer layer 124, grouting port 1241, end formwork 13, top formwork 14, end plate 15, rod member 16, first pouch 2, pressure port 21, first fixed end 22, flexible zone 23, second fixed end 24, connecting pipe 25, first pressure zone 251, second pressure zone 252, communication port 2521, one-way valve 26, drainage pipe 27, second pouch 3, framework 4, structural member 40, pouch driving assembly 41, shaft rod 411, injection channel 4111, third pouch 412, driving motor 413, water pipe 50, cast-in-place bored pile 54, prefabricated part 90, pouring area 9. Specific embodiments

[0048] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 14 . It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have technical essence. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear description and are not used to limit the scope under which the present invention can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

[0050] The following embodiments are only for illustration purposes. Combinations can be made among various embodiments, and it is not limited to the content shown in the following single embodiment.

[0051] For this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 6 , the precast production device of the present invention includes a bottom formwork 11, side formworks 12, end formworks 13, a top formwork 14, a rod member 16, and a first bladder 2. The bottom formwork 11 is arranged at the bottom, two side formworks 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom formwork 11 in the length direction, two end formworks 13 are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom formwork 11 in the length direction, the top formwork 14 is arranged at the top, and the bottom formwork 11, side formworks 12, end formworks 13, and top formwork 14 enclose a pouring area 9 of the precast 90 and are fixed and strengthened by a plurality of rod members 16. The first bladder 2 is arranged in the pouring area 9, the first bladder 2 includes a first fixed end 22 and a flexible area 23, the flexible area 23 expands under pressure, and a pressure port 21 of the first bladder 2 is led out to the outside of the pouring area 9, and the pressure port 21 is arranged at the first fixed end 22. In the above embodiment, a plurality of formworks enclose the outer shape of the pouring area 9, and the first bladder 2 acts as an inner membrane, and the volume of the first bladder 2 will ultimately form the inner cavity of the precast.

[0052] In the above solution, during specific implementation, first assemble a plurality of formworks. When assembling, do not seal the top first. The rod member 16 can be used for preliminary fixing and strengthening. The rod member 16 can be made of wooden square or steel, but it is better to use wooden square because of its light weight, low cost, and convenience for storage, transportation, and operation. The first bladder 2 can be made of a waterproof material with better strength so that it can be pressurized and expanded using water pressure or air pressure, but a material with too large elasticity should not be selected, otherwise it may be difficult to control the volume of the first bladder 2, thereby affecting the cavity size of the formed precast body. For an inner cavity with low dimensional accuracy requirements, such as a non-mating cavity set only to save concrete consumption, the production device in this solution has great advantages. Preferably, a material with better thermal conductivity can be selected to make the first bladder 2. Before pouring concrete formally, the first bladder 2 should be designed and installed and fixed according to the shape and position of the designed inner cavity of the precast body. After the installation of the first bladder 2 is completed, pressurize it to expand, and ensure that its expansion pressure is sufficient to overcome the extrusion pressure of the concrete slurry, so as to form the inner cavity area of the precast body. After the first bladder 2 is pressurized and fixed, pour the stirred concrete slurry into the pouring area 9, then seal the top formwork 14 after completion and reinforce it, and wait for the concrete slurry to solidify. During specific implementation, steel bar structures can also be arranged in the pouring area 9 and cast integrally with the concrete to improve the structural strength of the precast body.

[0053] In the above solution, the main beneficial effects include:

[0054] First, it is possible to achieve the casting production of precast bodies with complex internal cavity structures, and even internal cavities larger than the surface openings. Through the pressurized expansion effect of the first bladder 2, the internal cavity of the precast body can be formed. After the curing is completed, the pressure is released to soften the first bladder 2, and the first bladder 2 can be conveniently removed. Its internal cavity structure can be larger than the surface opening, thus forming a special cavity structure with a larger inner part and a smaller outer part. Even an irregular complex cavity structure can be formed, and only the first bladder 2 needs to be designed into the corresponding shape. Even for an ordinary cavity structure, the first bladder 2 of this solution has the advantages of simple implementation, convenient installation and disassembly of the internal cavity mold. After spraying the mold release agent on the surface of the first bladder 2 and then pouring, the effect of demolding when the pressure is released can be achieved, improving the applicability and convenience of this device;

[0055] Second, the casting quality of large-volume precast bodies is better. Heat is generated during the curing process of concrete. The faster the curing speed of the concrete, the faster the heat accumulates. If the heat dissipation of a large-volume precast body is not timely, it is extremely easy to form a local high-temperature area inside, resulting in uneven temperatures in different parts of the entire precast body, a stress difference between different parts during the curing process of the precast body, and then local defects may be formed, resulting in unqualified finished product quality of the precast body. In this solution, water pressure can be injected into the first bladder 2. Water has a high specific heat capacity. The first bladder 2 is located in the internal cavity of the precast body and contacts the inner wall of the precast body, which can absorb the heat of hydration and be balanced by the water, so that the internal temperature rise is small and the temperature is balanced, which can reduce the temperature stress inside the precast body and avoid cracking. In addition, due to the flexibility of the first bladder 2, the expansion and contraction during the curing process of the precast body can be absorbed by the first bladder 2, the internal stress of the precast body decreases, and the production quality is significantly improved.

[0056] For this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 - 6 , the precast production device further includes an end plate 15 and a second bladder 3. The end plate 15 is arranged inside the two side templates 12 and has a gap with one of the end templates 13. The second bladder 3 is arranged in the gap space. In this embodiment, the second bladder 3 can form a supporting force through pressurization and play a role in pressing the end template 13. After the second bladder 3 is depressurized, the corresponding end template 13 can move and adjust its position, thereby changing the length dimension of the pouring area 9. After the slurry is poured into the pouring area 9, applying a pre-tightening force to the slurry can be simply achieved by pressurizing the second bladder 3 without manual operation, simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.

[0057] For this embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 - 5, the first bladder 2 further includes a second fixed end 24, and a flexible zone 23 is located between the first fixed end 22 and the second fixed end 24. The second fixed end 24 is fixed to the bottom formwork 11, and the first fixed end 22 is fixed to the top formwork 14 or the rod 16. Both the first fixed end 22 and the second fixed end 24 are made of rigid materials, while the flexible zone 23 is made of flexible material. By fixing the first fixed end 22 on the top formwork 14 or the top rod 16 and the second fixed end 24 on the bottom formwork 11, the positioning and installation of the entire first bladder 2 can be achieved. When the inside of the first bladder 2 is pressurized, the position and shape of its flexible zone 23 will also be relatively fixed, thereby ensuring the position and shape of the entire first bladder 2 in the pouring area 9 are fixed, and further ensuring that the cavity position and size of the produced precast member meet the standards. During specific implementation, since the upper surface of the bottom formwork 11 is the pouring area 9, it is difficult to fix the second fixed end 24. An auxiliary fixing tooling can be set on the bottom formwork 11, and the second fixed end 24 cooperates with the tooling to achieve fixation. In the scenario of precast members replacing the capping beam and fixed cast-in-place bored piles, the dimensional accuracy requirements for the middle cavity structure are not high, but its surface opening needs to cooperate with the cast-in-place bored pile 54, so there are certain requirements for the size. An auxiliary fixing tooling is set on the bottom formwork 11 to fix the first bladder 2 on the inner side of the fixing tooling, and the outer side of the fixing tooling is used as the forming area of the end of the precast body, which can not only achieve the end fixation of the first bladder 2 but also improve the forming accuracy of the surface area of the precast body.

[0058] Please refer to this embodiment Figures 3 - 5 , the first bladder 2 further includes a connecting pipe 25. The connecting pipe 25 is located inside the first bladder 2, and both ends are respectively connected to the first fixed end 22 and the second fixed end 24. The pressure port 21 is communicated with the connecting pipe 25, and the connecting pipe 25 is communicated with the inside of the first bladder 2. In this embodiment, the rigid connecting pipe 25 connects the first fixed end 22 and the second fixed end 24 into a whole. The connecting pipe 25 straddles the flexible zone 23. Even if the flexible zone 23 is not pressurized, the first fixed end 22 and the second fixed end 24 are relatively fixed and will not be wrinkled into a ball, which can simplify the installation process. And due to the connection function of the connecting pipe 25, the first bladder 2 has a certain vertical bearing capacity. When only one fixed end of the first bladder 2 is connected to the formwork and the other fixed end is suspended in the pouring area 9, the installation and fixation of the entire first bladder 2 can also be achieved through the fixed installation at one end.

[0059] Please refer to this embodiment Figures 3 - 8, the first bladder 2 further includes a one-way valve 26 and a drainage tube 27. The one-way valve 26 is provided on the connecting tube 25 and divides the connecting tube 25 into a first pressure zone 251 near the first fixed end 22 and a second pressure zone 252 near the second fixed end 24. Fluid can only enter the second pressure zone 252 from the first pressure zone 251 and cannot flow in the reverse direction. A communication port 2521 is provided on the wall surface of the second pressure zone 252, and the communication port 2521 communicates with the flexible zone 23; the drainage tube 27 is also provided inside the first bladder 2. One end of the drainage tube 27 is located at the bottom of the first bladder 2 and communicates with the inside of the first bladder 2, and the other end extends to the first fixed end 22. The side template 12 includes a forming layer 121, a structural layer 122, a switching layer 123, and an outer layer 124 arranged in sequence. The forming layer 121 is located on the innermost side. The structural layer 122 is provided with multiple columns of structural holes 1221 in the range of the pouring area 9. The switching layer 123 is provided with multiple columns of flow channels 1231. The column spacing of the flow channels 1231 is twice the column spacing of the structural holes 1221. The multiple columns of flow channels 1231 communicate with each other. The outer layer 124 is provided with a grouting port 1241, and the grouting port 1241 communicates with the flow channels 1231.

[0060] For ease of understanding, the following describes in conjunction with the precast production method of the present invention. This production method can use the production device as described above and includes the following steps:

[0061] Assemble the templates. Assemble the bottom template 11, the side template 12, and the end template 13 into a precast 90 mold combination and initially fix it with the rod 16. The entire mold combination can be placed in the frame 4. The frame 4 is spliced by multiple structural members 40. Profile materials can be used for splicing. The top of the frame 4 is open. Multiple templates are all located inside the frame 4. At least two groups of bladder driving components 41 are arranged on the front and back sides of the bottom of the frame 4, and the mold combination is placed on the bladder driving components 41;

[0062] Set the first bladder. Fix the first fixed end 22 and / or the second fixed end 24 of the first bladder 2 according to the inner cavity position of the precast 90, and pressurize and expand it to form, and ensure that the pressure of the first bladder 2 can overcome the extrusion pressure of the concrete slurry. The shape and size of the first bladder 2 can be set according to the cavity structure of the precast. The first bladder 2 can be made of a flexible material that does not have elastic shrinkage ability, such as high-strength waterproof cloth. However, if an elastic material is selected, a material with less elasticity should be selected to ensure that under high pressure, its elastic deformation amount will not cause an unacceptable error impact on the cavity size of the precast. When pressurizing and expanding, water can be used as the medium. The volume of water is not easily compressed, the shape of the first bladder 2 is more stable, and the formed cavity size is more reliable. In addition, the specific heat capacity of water is relatively high. Placed inside the precast, it can absorb the hydration heat generated by the concrete curing, achieving the effect of reducing the internal temperature rise and temperature difference;

[0063] Spraying release agent: spray concrete release agent on the surface of the pouring area 9 and the first bag 2. Concrete release agent refers to a substance applied to the construction formwork before pouring concrete, so that the formwork will not stick to the concrete surface after pouring, making it difficult to remove the formwork, or affecting the finish of the concrete surface. Its main function is to form a film between the formwork and the concrete surface to isolate the two, so it is also called an isolation agent. There are many types of concrete release agents, and you can choose according to your needs during implementation;

[0064] The first grouting is to pour concrete into the pouring area 9. The pouring process should be carried out slowly to prevent the first bag 2 from being deformed or shifted due to the impact of the concrete, which will affect the size and position accuracy of the prefabricated cavity. After the pouring is completed, the top template 14 is covered and fixed again;

[0065] Remove the forming layer. After the concrete is poured for a set time, remove the forming layer 121 of the side formwork 12. After the concrete is initially set, the cement slurry loses its plasticity, and the forming layer 121 can be removed. The time required for initial setting can be determined according to the type, grade, additives, etc. of cement actually used. Figures 5 - 7 After the forming layer 121 is removed, the structural layer 122 will be in direct contact with the preform that has been initially shaped. If the distance between the preform and the structural layer 122 is large, the template can be appropriately tightened;

[0066] The second grouting is performed through the grouting port 1241. After the molding layer 121 is removed, the structural holes 1221 on the structural layer 122 connect the preform that has completed the preliminary shaping to the flow channel groove 1231, and the flow channel groove 1231 is connected to the grouting port 1241. When the secondary grouting is performed through the grouting port 1241, a slurry that is finer than the primary grouting should be selected. The slurry enters from the grouting port 1241 and enters into the structural holes 1221 of different columns through the flow channel groove 1231, and finally directly contacts with the preform that has completed the preliminary shaping, and fuses and solidifies with each other. Since the column spacing of the flow channel groove 1231 is twice the column spacing of the structural holes 1221, in the second grouting step, only one flow channel groove 1231 can be aligned and connected in every two connected columns of structural holes 1221, and the structural holes 1221 on the structural layer 122 are always distributed with one column being grouted and the other column not being grouted. After the secondary grouting is completed, the switching layer 123 is pushed to move the distance of a structural hole 1221 column spacing, see Figures 7 - 8 At this time, the position of the flow channel groove 1231 on the switching layer 123 is changed, the flow channel groove 1231 is staggered with the structural hole 1221 previously grouted and its outer end is blocked, and it is aligned and connected with the structural hole 1221 that was not grouted before.

[0067] In the above production method, the shape and size of the first bladder 2 can be set as required. The first bladder 2 is made of a flexible material and can be filled and expanded into a specific shape when injected with water pressure. It is placed in the pouring area of the concrete formwork to form an inner cavity. The shape and size of the inner cavity are not restricted, and it can be large inside and small outside without affecting the demolding work. Besides serving as an expansion pressure source, the water in the first bladder 2 can also be used as a cooling medium. The first bladder 2 is placed inside the concrete slurry. During the concrete solidification process, the outer surface of the first bladder 2 contacts the inner cavity of the precast body, which can absorb the heat of hydration. Water has the characteristics of high thermal conductivity and high specific heat capacity, which can absorb heat and balance it, reducing the temperature rise and temperature difference inside the precast body, minimizing the temperature impact, and avoiding situations such as cracks, thereby improving the production quality and efficiency of the precast body. After removing the forming layer 121 and during the second grouting, more cone structures 53 will be formed on both sides of the precast body that has just completed the initial setting. Since the precast body has not fully solidified, a fusion connection can be formed between the cone structure 53 and the precast body at this time. The cone structure 53 has good strength and is not easily damaged. After the second grouting is completed, by pushing the switching layer 123, the flow channel groove 1231 can be disconnected from the slurry in the cone structure 53, which can prevent the residual slurry in the cone structure 53 from being solidified and connected to the flow channel groove 1231, affecting the subsequent demolding work. After the switching layer 123 has completed the switching, the grouting port 1241 can be opened, or water can be injected into the grouting port 1241 to wash out the residual concrete slurry inside. The precast body produced by this method can be referred to Figure 12 , in which the bladder forming area 20 and the cone structure 53 are marked. The function of the cone structure 53 is to enhance the anti-buoyancy and anti-settlement. Specifically, in construction projects, usually multiple holes are drilled from the ground downwards, and then bored cast-in-place piles are poured. Then, the tops of multiple bored cast-in-place piles are poured together with concrete to form a capping beam, which serves as the bearing foundation of the building. The precast parts produced by the device and method of the present invention are used to replace the capping beam and fix the bored cast-in-place piles. It can be referred to Figure 13, which shows an application scenario of prefabricated components. It should be noted that the structures shown in the figure are all located in the stratum. Among them, the prefabricated component 90 is located near the ground surface, and the bored cast-in-place pile 54 extends deep into the stratum. The top of the bored cast-in-place pile 54 is fixed and connected by the prefabricated component 90, and the prefabricated components 90 are connected to each other to form a capping beam, which serves as the bearing foundation of the building. The bladder forming area 20 of the prefabricated component is used to set the fixing and clamping device. After the prefabricated component 90 is matched with the bored cast-in-place pile 54, the prefabricated component 90 and the bored cast-in-place pile 54 are fixedly connected by the fixing and clamping device. In specific implementation, structural components can also be set in the holes of the prefabricated component 90 to connect multiple prefabricated components 90 into a whole and increase the bearing capacity. The holes of the prefabricated component 90 can be formed by setting a structural pipe 51 on the template group. Both ends of the structural pipe 51 have external threads and are locked to the template by nuts. The structural pipe 51 can be removed after the precast body is cured. By setting a plurality of cone structures 53 on both sides of the prefabricated component 90, the embedding force between the prefabricated component 90 and the surrounding soil layer can be increased, thereby increasing the anti-buoyancy and anti-settlement capabilities of the building bearing foundation composed of the prefabricated component 90 and the bored cast-in-place pile 54, and increasing the stability and safety of the building.

[0068] After completing the above steps, after the cone structure 53 is initially shaped, further, the water in the first pressure area 251 can be pumped out and compressed air can be injected into it. At the same time, the grouting port 1241 and the drainage pipe 27 are connected by using a water pipe 50. Refer to Figure 9。In this embodiment, under the action of compressed air, air pressure squeezes the water in the first bladder 2 into the drainage tube 27 and then into the grouting port 1241, thereby entering the structural hole 1221 communicating with the grouting port 1241, contacting the precast body, and wetting the entire surface of the precast body through the capillary water absorption phenomenon of concrete. The beneficial effect of this embodiment is that it can simplify the curing process of the precast body and improve the curing quality. Specifically, in the prior art, to ensure the quality of concrete, generally, in the days after the initial setting of concrete, it is necessary for workers to carry out curing. The common curing method is to sprinkle water regularly to keep the concrete surface wet, which can prevent the cement products from dusting, sanding, peeling, breaking, cracking, and alkali return. Early reasonable curing is a key link to ensure the quality of concrete and is crucial for controlling the shrinkage cracking of the surface concrete caused by water loss and improving the quality of the surface concrete and the structural durability. How to ensure the early moisture curing effect of concrete and reduce the cracking risk of the surface concrete has always been a research hotspot in the concrete field. The purposes of curing are twofold: (1) to keep the concrete in a moist condition because a certain amount of water is required during the hydration process of cement, and the moist state can prevent it from cracking. (2) to reduce the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete and its surface. The appearance of temperature cracks greatly reduces the strength of the concrete. In the case of sprinkler curing, the time and frequency of sprinkling water need to be determined according to its curing situation. In this way, the curing quality is poor. Workers cannot keep an eye on the concrete all the time and can only water it from time to time, while the water will quickly evaporate and be lost. This not only causes waste but also makes it difficult to ensure the curing quality and will affect other work of the workers. However, in this embodiment, under the pressure of compressed air, the water in the first bladder 2 is automatically squeezed to both sides of the precast body. And as the water is consumed, the compressed air automatically expands to fill the airbag, always having a tendency to push out the water, thus always keeping the surface of the precast body wet, which not only improves the curing quality but also reduces the waste of water source and manpower.

[0069] Please refer to this embodiment Figures 9 - 11, the prefabricated component production device further includes a frame 4, which is assembled by a plurality of structural members 40. The frame 4 has an opening at the top, and multiple templates are all located inside the frame 4. At least two sets of bladder driving components 41 are arranged on the front and back sides of the bottom of the frame 4. The bladder driving component 41 includes a shaft rod 411 and a third bladder 412; both ends of the shaft rod 411 are rotatably connected to the frame 4, the third bladder 412 is wrapped around the shaft rod 411 and both ends are hermetically connected to the shaft rod 411. The shaft rod 411 is provided with an injection pressure channel 4111 inside. The section of the shaft rod 411 wrapped by the third bladder 412 is provided with a connection port, and the connection port communicates with the internal area of the third bladder 412 and the injection pressure channel 4111 of the shaft rod 411. The end of the shaft rod 411 is communicated with an external injection pressure pipe through a rotary sealing structure. The rotary sealing structure refers to a structure that can achieve rotation while maintaining sealing, that is, when the shaft rod 411 rotates, the injection pressure interfaces connected to the shaft rod 411 do not rotate and maintain sealing with each other. In this embodiment, a rotary sealing structure with a specific structure is provided, which can be referred to Figure 14 . The rotary sealing structure includes a first annular member 3321 and two second annular members 3323; the shaft rod 411 is provided with a second communication port 3313, and the two second annular members 3323 are arranged on both sides of the second communication port 3313 and are hermetically and fixedly connected to the shaft rod 411; both ends of the first annular member 3321 are rotatably matched with the two second annular members 3323, and a sealing ring 3322 is arranged on the joint surface between them; the first annular member 3321 is provided with a third communication port 33211, and the third communication port 33211 is communicated with an external injection pressure pipe. In this embodiment, when the shaft rod 411 and its attached airbag rotate, the first annular member 3321 is stationary, and the external injection pressure pipe can be connected to the first annular member 3321, so as to achieve the effect of rotary sealing, that is, while the shaft rod 411 rotates, the injection pressure channel 4111 of the shaft rod 411 can still be communicated with the external injection pressure pipe and maintain sealing with the outside world, achieving the effect that the bladder can both rotate and expand or contract to change the diameter size, and further realizing the vibration function, improving the compaction effect, and being beneficial to the finished product quality of the concrete prefabricated component. In this embodiment, the main function of the third bladder 412 is to carry the template group and the concrete slurry. During the pouring process, the height adjustment of each support position can be realized by controlling the inflation or liquid injection pressure of multiple third bladders 412 at the bottom, so as to realize the undulating vibration of the entire template group and the concrete slurry through the change of the height difference of the supports, so that the concrete slurry fully fills the pouring area 9 and prevents the formation of air bubbles, affecting the quality of the prefabricated body.

[0070] In the above embodiment, the cross section of the sealing ring 3322 can also be a horizontal "V" shape, and the opening is facing the inner side of the rotating sealing structure 332. In this embodiment, the direction of the air pressure or hydraulic pressure is toward the opening side of the "V". When the pressure increases, the "V"-shaped opening will be expanded, and the greater the pressure, the larger the opening. After the two ends of the "V"-shaped opening are expanded, they will be more closely attached to the two parts of the sealed connection, thereby enhancing the effect of the sealed connection. When the pressure decreases, the force exerted on the "V"-shaped opening will also decrease, thereby reducing the friction between the sealing ring and the rotating part, reducing wear, and increasing the sealing life. Moreover, the sealing ring in this embodiment, even after being worn out after long-term use, can still adaptively adhere to the sealing wall under the action of pressure, with a long sealing life and reliable sealing performance, which significantly increases the life and reliability of the entire device.

[0071] For this example, please refer to Figure 10 , the bag driving assembly 41 also includes a driving motor 413. Each shaft 411 is connected to the output power of a driving motor 413, or each shaft 411 is connected to the output power of the same driving motor 413, and they are driven to each other by a transmission chain or a transmission belt. In this embodiment, when the formwork group is assembled and the concrete slurry is poured, it can be sent out of the frame 4 as a whole through the bag driving assembly 41, and a wooden square mat can be set outside to receive it. The prefabricated body is stacked on one side for the prefabricated body curing and maintenance process, and the frame 4 can be used for the template assembly and pouring of the next prefabricated body. In this embodiment, the bag driving assembly 41 improves the convenience and efficiency of operation, and the transportation and transfer of the formwork group and the prefabricated body can be achieved without a forklift or other heavy equipment, which is conducive to simplifying the construction process and improving construction efficiency.

[0072] In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0073] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated component production device for replacing a capping beam and fixing bored cast-in-place piles, characterized in that: It includes a bottom formwork (11), side formworks (12), end formworks (13), a top formwork (14), rods (16) and a first bladder (2); The bottom formwork (11) is arranged at the bottom, the two side formworks (12) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom formwork (11) in the length direction, the two end formworks (13) are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom formwork (11) in the length direction, the top formwork (14) is arranged at the top, and the bottom formwork (11), side formworks (12), end formworks (13) and top formwork (14) enclose a pouring area (9) of the prefabricated component (90) and are fixed and strengthened by a plurality of the rods (16); The first bladder (2) is arranged in the pouring area (9), the first bladder (2) includes a first fixed end (22) and a flexible area (23), the flexible area (23) expands under pressure, and the pressure port (21) of the first bladder (2) is led out to the outside of the pouring area (9), and the pressure port (21) is arranged at the first fixed end (22); The first bladder (2) further includes a second fixed end (24), and the flexible area (23) is located between the first fixed end (22) and the second fixed end (24); The second fixed end (24) is fixed to the bottom formwork (11), and the first fixed end (22) is fixed to the top formwork (14) or the rod (16); The first bladder (2) further includes a connecting pipe (25), the connecting pipe (25) is located inside the first bladder (2), and both ends are respectively connected to the first fixed end (22) and the second fixed end (24), the pressure port (21) is communicated with the connecting pipe (25), and the connecting pipe (25) is communicated with the inside of the first bladder (2); The first bladder (2) further includes a one-way valve (26) and a drainage pipe (27); The one-way valve (26) is arranged on the connecting pipe (25), and divides the connecting pipe (25) into a first pressure area (251) close to the first fixed end (22) and a second pressure area (252) close to the second fixed end (24), and the fluid can only enter the second pressure area (252) from the first pressure area (251) and cannot flow in the reverse direction. A communication port (2521) is arranged on the wall surface of the second pressure area (252), and the communication port (2521) is communicated with the flexible area (23); The drainage pipe (27) is also arranged inside the first bladder (2), one end of the drainage pipe (27) is located at the bottom of the first bladder (2) and is communicated with the inside of the first bladder (2), and the other end is led out to the first fixed end (22); The side formwork (12) includes a forming layer (121), a structural layer (122), a switching layer (123), and an outer layer (124) arranged in sequence. The forming layer (121) is located on the innermost side. The structural layer (122) is provided with multiple columns of structural holes (1221) within the range of the pouring area (9). The switching layer (123) is provided with multiple columns of flow channels (1231). The column spacing of the flow channels (1231) is twice the column spacing of the structural holes (1221). Multiple columns of the flow channels (1231) are interconnected. The outer layer (124) is provided with a grouting port (1241), and the grouting port (1241) is communicated with the flow channels (1231).

2. The prefabrication production device of an alternative capping beam and a fixed bored cast-in-place pile according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes end plates (15) and a second bladder (3). The end plates (15) are arranged inside the two side formworks (12) and have a gap with one of the end formworks (13). The second bladder (3) is arranged within the gap space.

3. The prefabricated part production device for an alternative capping beam and a fixed cast-in-place bored pile according to claim 2, characterized in that It further includes a frame (4). The frame (4) is assembled by multiple structural members (40). The top of the frame (4) is open. Multiple formworks are all located within the frame (4). At least two groups of bladder driving assemblies (41) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the frame (4); The bladder driving assembly (41) includes a shaft rod (411) and a third bladder (412); Both ends of the shaft rod (411) are rotatably connected to the frame (4). The third bladder (412) is wrapped around the shaft rod (411) and both ends are hermetically connected to the shaft rod (411). A pressure injection channel (4111) is arranged inside the shaft rod (411). A connection port is arranged on the section of the shaft rod (411) wrapped by the third bladder (412). The connection port communicates the internal area of the third bladder (412) and the pressure injection channel (4111) of the shaft rod (411). The end of the shaft rod (411) is communicated with an external pressure injection pipe through a rotary sealing structure.

4. The prefabricated part production device for an alternative capping beam and a fixed cast-in-place bored pile according to claim 3, characterized in that The bladder driving assembly (41) further includes a driving motor (413); Each shaft rod (411) is connected to the output power of a driving motor (413), or each shaft rod (411) is connected to the output power of the same driving motor (413), and they are driven by a transmission chain or a transmission belt with each other.

5. A production method of prefabricated components for an alternative capping beam and fixed bored cast-in-place piles, characterized in that, Using the production device according to claim 4, it includes the following steps: Assemble the formworks. Assemble the bottom formwork (11), side formworks (12), and end formworks (13) into a mold combination of the prefabricated part (90), and initially fix it with the rods (16). Place the mold combination inside the frame (4). Set up the first bladder. Fix the first fixed end (22) and the second fixed end (24) of the first bladder (2) according to the inner cavity position of the prefabricated part (90), and pressurize and expand it to form, and ensure that the pressure of the first bladder (2) can overcome the extrusion pressure of the concrete slurry; Spray the release agent. Spray the concrete release agent on the surface of the pouring area (9) and the first bladder (2); First grouting. Pour concrete into the pouring area (9). After pouring is completed, cover the top formwork (14) and fix it again; Remove the forming layer. After the set time of concrete pouring, remove the forming layer (121) of the side formwork (12); Second grouting. Perform secondary grouting through the grouting port (1241). After the grouting is completed, push the switching layer (123) to move a distance equal to the column spacing of the structural holes (1221).

6. A method for producing a prefabricated part for an alternative capping beam and a fixed bored cast-in-place pile as claimed in claim 5, wherein: In the step of setting up the first bladder, water is used as the pressurizing medium.

7. A method for producing a prefabricated part for an alternative capping beam and a fixed bored cast-in-place pile as claimed in claim 6, wherein: After the set time of the second grouting is completed, draw out the water in the first pressure area (251), inject compressed air into it, and at the same time connect the grouting port (1241) and the drainage pipe (27) with a water pipe (50).

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