Biological agriculture non-rolling and stubble-free field crushing and fermentation combined device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of field fermentation in bio-agriculture, and particularly to a combined device and method for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture. A wheat stubble cutting system is arranged in the gap behind the harvesting head and in front of the crawler belt of the combine harvester. This cutting system can prevent the wheat stubble from being buried deep under the ground soil after being rolled by the crawler belt, and at the same time can make the ground basically free of wheat stubble after the harvester harvests; the touch floor is linked with the spring above, which can keep the bottom of the touch floor in relative contact with the ground when the harvester is harvesting, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft and the blade and the ground; therefore, basically the rotating shaft and the blade perform cutting above the gap on the ground; the spray pipe can spray the solution towards the crushed wheat stubble, and the solution provides moisture and a commercial microbial fermentation inoculant to act on the wheat stubble and the ground soil comprehensively; field fermentation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of field fermentation in the field of bio-agriculture, and particularly to a combined device and method for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture. Background Art

[0002] Straw burning and straw returning to the field are the current research focuses in bio-agriculture.

[0003] Because bio-agriculture mainly uses biochemical and bio-fermentation methods to process straw, it has the function of turning straw into treasure and making clever use of it. "Effects of Straw Returning to the Field with Application of Straw-Rot Promoting Bacterial Agents on Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Populations in Paddy Soil" shows that field microorganisms have a significant impact on the decomposition of straw. In recent years, there have been more and more related studies. For example, "Study on the Decomposition Process of Straw and Its Microbial Diversity in Fluvo-aquic Soil under Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates".

[0004] However, after wheat harvesting, there is inevitably still a part of wheat stubble about twenty centimeters on the ground, and these wheat stubbles are prohibited from being burned. Relevant experts suggest that straw be naturally decomposed and returned to the field, but the relatively long straw cannot be quickly decomposed in a short time, causing a lot of complaints from farmers.

[0005] In order to avoid the occurrence of these problems, 2022109205957 discloses a combined harvester and method that can return to the field and degrade, which uses the methods of burning and harmless gas treatment, but it still cannot solve the problem of wheat stubble, and it requires a large number of containers and combustion equipment to cooperate.

[0006] A straw crushing and rotary tillage land preparation machine disclosed in CN204907208U cannot be integrated into a harvester. It should be noted that a machine, especially a heavy machine, consumes a large amount of fuel to go through once, and the straw that has been rolled by a combine harvester is difficult to be fully crushed because it is mixed with the soil. This problem also exists in the straw full-amount returning to the field and deep loosening combined land preparation machine disclosed in CN214177959U and the straw and biogas slurry synchronous returning to the field operation method and machine disclosed in CN104255202A.

[0007] Therefore, the defects of the prior art mainly lie in:

[0008] 1. There is no technology that can be integrated behind a combine harvester for returning to the field;

[0009] 2. A device that can crush and return straw before track rolling is needed;

[0010] 3. There is an urgent need for a technology that reduces the number of operations and intensity of farmers, eliminates the pollution caused by straw burning, and solves the problem of slow decomposition of straw by soil endogenous bacteria. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Object of the Invention: To provide a combined device and method for field crushing and fermentation in biological agriculture without rolling and without wheat stubble, and the specific objects are shown in multiple substantial technical effects in the specific implementation part.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0013] A combined device for field crushing and fermentation in biological agriculture without rolling and without wheat stubble, the combined device includes a combine harvester, and the combine harvester includes a harvester cutting head 13 at the front end and a harvester body conveyor tube 12 capable of conveying materials;

[0014] It is characterized in that a spring-ground short stubble cutting and crushing part and a fermentation assisting part are arranged on the outer shell of the harvester body conveyor tube 12 behind the harvester cutting head 13;

[0015] The spring-ground short stubble cutting and crushing part includes a spring 11 fixed at the upper end to the outer shell of the harvester body conveyor tube 12, and an upper mounting plane 1 is connected below the spring 11;

[0016] A plurality of mutually meshing gears 5 are arranged on the upper mounting plane 1, and a rotating shaft 6 is coaxially installed on each gear 5, and a blade 7 is arranged on the rotating shaft 6;

[0017] The rotating shaft 6 is located below the upper mounting plane 1;

[0018] A motor mounting sleeve 9 is fixed on the upper mounting plane 1 through a support rod 8, a motor is arranged in the motor mounting sleeve 9, and the power shaft of the motor can drive one of the mutually meshing gears 5 to rotate;

[0019] The upper mounting plane 1 is inclinedly connected with a floor contact plate 18;

[0020] The floor contact plate 18 linked to the upper spring 11 can keep the bottom of the floor contact plate 18 in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 and the ground.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention lies in that it also includes a part for applying in-situ fermentation substances to the short stubble of straw materials after being crushed by the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7. This part includes a container 16, a pipe 15 extends from the container 16, a sub-pipe 2 extends from the pipe 15, and a spray pipe 3 branches out from the sub-pipe 2, and the spray pipe 3 can spray a solution towards the crushed wheat stubble.

[0022] A further technical solution of the present invention lies in that the sub-pipe 2 is a horizontal pipe, and the spray pipes branched out from the horizontal pipe are vertical pipes inclined towards the ground, that is, the spray pipes 3.

[0023] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the branch pipe 2 and the spray pipe 3 are installed on the upper installation plane 1, and it is located on the side of the touch floor 18 that is not the rotation axis.

[0024] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a spring center column 17 is arranged in the middle of the spring 11. The upper part of the spring center column 17 is fixed on the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder 12 of the harvester body. The spring center column 17 ensures that the spring does not skew, and it can enable the spring to expand and contract along the spring center column.

[0025] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a cross plate 19 is welded on the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder 12 of the harvester body, and the upper end of the spring is welded on the cross plate 19.

[0026] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the liquid placed in the container 16 is any combination of water, fertilizer, and fermentation liquid.

[0027] A further technical solution of the present invention is that any combination scheme of water, fertilizer, and fermentation liquid is as follows:

[0028] Urea with a straw estimated amount of 6-8% (w / w);

[0029] Compound commercial microbial inoculum with a straw estimated amount of 4-5‰ (w / w): Trichoderma reesei (1 part), Penicillium (1 part), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 part), Bacillus subtilis (2 parts), Lactobacillus plantarum (2 parts);

[0030] Water.

[0031] The biological agriculture non-rolling and stubble-free field crushing and fermentation combined method is characterized in that, using the combined device described in any one of the above, it includes the following steps:

[0032] The first step: Set a stubble cutting system in the gap after the cutting head of the combine harvester and before the crawler. This cutting system can prevent the stubble from being buried deep under the ground soil after being rolled by the crawler, and at the same time can make the ground basically free of stubble after the harvester harvests;

[0033] The second step: The power shaft of the motor drives one of the meshing gears 5 to rotate, and further drives a plurality of rotating shafts 6 and blades 7 to rotate;

[0034] The third step: The touch floor 18 linked to the upper spring 11 can keep the bottom of the touch floor 18 in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 and the ground; Therefore, basically each rotating shaft 6 and blade 7 cuts above the gap on the ground;

[0035] The fourth step: The spray pipe 3 can spray the solution towards the crushed stubble, and the solution provides water and a commercial microbial fermentation agent to act on the stubble and the ground soil comprehensively;

[0036] Step 5: Field fermentation: Most of the wheat stubble on the entire ground is crushed into pieces to help quickly turn into fertilizer in the field.

[0037] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the fermentation step of field fermentation also includes covering the straw to which the fermentation solution is added with part of the crushed straw discharged at the rear of the combine harvester.

[0038] The present invention adopting the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: In view of the technical defects: "The straw crushing rotary tillage machine disclosed in CN204907208U cannot be integrated into a harvester. It should be noted that a machine, especially a heavy machine, consumes a lot of fuel for one pass, and the straw crushed by the combine harvester is mixed with the soil and is difficult to be fully crushed. This problem also exists in the straw full-amount return to the field deep loosening combined tillage machine disclosed in CN214177959U and the straw and biogas slurry synchronous return to the field operation method and machine disclosed in CN104255202A."; This patent innovatively arranges the device behind the head of the combine harvester and before the crawler, which avoids the straw from being flattened and mixed into the soil, and directly crushes it into relatively small particles, so that the entire farmland is relatively flat and there is no relatively high wheat stubble;

[0039] In addition, the present patent has an outstanding advantage and a feature, that is, the use of the spring 11 above the contact plate 18 can keep the bottom of the contact plate 18 relatively in contact with the ground when the harvester is harvesting, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 and the ground; ensuring that the cutting blade does not contact the soil, and can flexibly adjust the rise and fall to achieve automatic adjustment of the distance.

[0040] In response to the technical defect: "There is no technology that can be integrated into the combine harvester to return the crops to the field", this patent innovatively sets the device on the head of the combine harvester, avoiding the reuse of heavy machinery, being environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and saving farmers costs.

[0041] In response to the technical defects: "There is an urgent need for a technology that can reduce the number and intensity of farmers' operations, eliminate the pollution caused by straw burning, and solve the problem of slow decomposition of straw by endophytic bacteria in the soil." This patent pioneered the use of crushing followed by spraying water and adding bacterial solution, which can allow the straw to quickly rot and ferment into fertilizer, and return it to the soil as soon as possible to provide a foundation for the next season's planting.

[0042] This patent has another outstanding advantage, that is, there is basically no wheat stubble above the ground. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the invention;

[0045] Figure 2 Overall structural schematic diagram of the invention;

[0046] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure installation of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local perspective of the invention;

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the spring connection part;

[0049] Figure 6 Stereogram of the invention;

[0050] Figure 7 Stereogram of another perspective of the invention;

[0051] Figure 8 Specific structure diagram of component 18;

[0052] Figure 9 Specific installation diagram of the spring;

[0053] Figure 10 Flow chart of the steps of the invention;

[0054] Figure 11 Table 1 Comparison of the effects of straw returning amount and soil physical and chemical properties;

[0055] Wherein: 1. Upper installation plane; 2. Branch pipe; 3. Spray pipe; 4. Baffle; 5. Gear; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Blade; 8. Support rod; 9. Motor mounting sleeve; 10. Harvester body; 11. Spring; 12. Conveyor tube of the harvester body; 13. Harvesting head of the harvester; 14. Fixed part; 15. Pipeline; 16. Container; 17. Spring center column; 18. Touch floor; 19. Cross plate. Specific implementation mode

[0056] The present invention will be further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

[0057] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0058] This patent provides multiple parallel solutions. The different expressions belong to improved solutions or parallel solutions based on the basic solution. Each solution has its own unique features. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The fixing method not described in the text can be any one of screw fixing, bolt fixing or glue bonding, etc.

[0059] Embodiment 1: In combination with all the accompanying drawings; a biological agriculture non-rolling and stubble-free field crushing and fermentation combined device, the combined device includes a combine harvester, and the combine harvester includes a harvester head 13 at the front end and a harvester body conveyor barrel 12 capable of conveying materials;

[0060] It is characterized in that a spring-ground short stubble cutting and crushing part and a fermentation auxiliary part are arranged on the outer shell of the harvester body conveyor barrel 12 behind the harvester head 13;

[0061] The spring - ground short stubble cutting and crushing part includes a spring 11 with its upper end fixed to the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder 12 of the harvester body. Below the spring 11, there is an upper mounting plane 1 connected;

[0062] On the upper mounting plane 1, there are multiple meshing gears 5 arranged. Each gear 5 is coaxially installed with a rotating shaft 6, and on the rotating shaft 6, there are blades 7 arranged;

[0063] The rotating shaft 6 is located below the upper mounting plane 1;

[0064] On the upper mounting plane 1, a motor mounting sleeve 9 is fixed through a support rod 8. In the motor mounting sleeve 9, there is a motor, and the power shaft of the motor can drive one of the meshing gears 5 to rotate;

[0065] The upper mounting plane 1 is inclinedly connected with a touch floor 18;

[0066] The touch floor 18 linked with the upper spring 11 can keep the bottom of the touch floor 18 in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 and the ground.

[0067] The substantial technical effect achieved by the technical solution here and its implementation process, that is, the basic function, are as follows:

[0068] The biological agriculture non - rolling and stubble - free field crushing and fermentation combined method is characterized in that by using the combined device described in any one of the above, it includes the following steps:

[0069] The first step: Set a stubble cutting system in the gap before the crawler of the combine harvester and after the harvesting head. This cutting system can prevent the stubble from being buried deep under the ground soil after being rolled by the crawler, and at the same time, it can make the ground basically stubble - free after the harvester harvests;

[0070] The second step: The power shaft of the motor drives one of the meshing gears 5 to rotate, further driving multiple rotating shafts 6 and blades 7 to rotate;

[0071] The third step: The touch floor 18 linked with the upper spring 11 can keep the bottom of the touch floor 18 in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 and the ground; Therefore, basically, each rotating shaft 6 and blade 7 perform cutting above the gap of the ground;

[0072] The fourth step: The nozzle 3 can spray the solution towards the crushed stubble, and the solution provides water and commercial microbial fermentation inoculants to act on the stubble and the ground soil comprehensively;

[0073] The fifth step: Field fermentation; Most of the stubble on the whole ground is broken and crushed into fragments to assist in quickly forming fertilizer in the field.

[0074] The above solution is directed to the prior art, and its prominent substantive features and non - obviousness lie in:

[0075] Regarding the defects of the technology: "A straw crushing rotary tillage and land preparation machine disclosed in CN204907208U cannot be integrated into a combine harvester. It should be noted that for a machine, especially a heavy - duty machine, one pass consumes a large amount of fuel. And for the straw crushed by a combine harvester, since it is mixed with the soil, it is difficult to be fully crushed. This problem also exists in the straw full - amount returning and deep loosening combined land preparation machine disclosed in CN214177959U and the straw and biogas slurry synchronous returning operation method and implement disclosed in CN104255202A."; In this patent, the device is innovatively arranged behind the head and in front of the crawler of the combine harvester, avoiding the straw being flattened and mixed into the soil, and directly crushing it into relatively small particles. In this way, the whole farmland is relatively flat without tall wheat stubbles.

[0076] Moreover, this patent also has prominent advantages and characteristics, that is, the floor contact plate 18 is linked with the upper spring 11 above it, which can keep the bottom of the floor contact plate 18 in relative contact with the ground when the harvester is harvesting, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7 from the ground; ensuring that the cutting blade does not contact the soil, and can flexibly adjust the lifting and lowering to achieve automatic distance adjustment.

[0077] Regarding the defect of the technology: "There is no technology that can be integrated behind the combine harvester for in - field straw returning", this patent innovatively arranges the device on the head of the combine harvester, avoiding the reuse of heavy - duty machinery, being environmentally friendly and energy - saving, and saving farmers' costs.

[0078] Regarding the defect of the technology: "There is an urgent need for a technology that can reduce the number of operations and intensity of farmers, eliminate the pollution caused by straw burning, and solve the problem that the soil endogenous bacteria decompose straw slowly.", in this patent, after crushing, water spraying and adding a bacterial solution are carried out, which can make the straw quickly rot and ferment into fertilizer and return to the field early to provide a basis for the next - season planting.

[0079] To eliminate the pollution caused by straw burning and solve the problem that the soil endogenous bacteria decompose straw slowly, we propose an efficient treatment method aimed at reducing pests and diseases and promoting the growth of the next crop to avoid food production reduction. Our method is mainly applied to the straw of low - moisture - content crops such as wheat, adopting the technology of the cooperation of fertilizer / microorganism consortium to promote the degradation of lignocellulose and the formation of humic acid during the straw composting process, thereby improving the quality of cultivated land. We crush the straw into particles of 15mm and adopt the way of returning it to the field to obtain the best effect. Adopting the combined strategy of saccharification and fermentation of biomass, by in - situ recycling of straw, the amount of straw returned to the field is controlled at about 50% (about 5000 kg per hectare) to obtain the best treatment efficiency. The most crucial thing is that there are no wheat stubbles left in the field to entangle agricultural machinery and affect farming.

[0080] Specific steps: The crushed straw is spread on the ground surface. First, urea is applied at 6 - 8% (w / w) of the estimated straw amount. Then, a suitable microbial agent is added, and deep plowing (30 - 40 cm) is carried out in a timely manner to achieve the technology of promoting co - decomposition of fertilizer and microbial agent. The total addition amount of straw - decomposing bacteria is about 4 - 5‰ (w / w) of the estimated straw amount. The mass ratio of the microbial agent is Trichoderma reesei (1 part), Penicillium (1 part), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 part), Bacillus subtilis (2 parts), Lactobacillus plantarum (2 parts). After the microbial agent is diluted with an appropriate amount of water, it is evenly sprayed on the straw. Fermentation is carried out at room temperature for 15 - 20 days. Under the climate conditions of 15°C to 40°C, the highest straw decomposition rate reaches 39.6%.

[0081] Reference Figure 11 , that is, Table 1 shows the comparison of the effects of straw returning amount and the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

[0082] Example 2: As a further improvable scheme, a parallel scheme, or an alternative independent scheme, it also includes a part where the locally fermented substances are applied to the short - stubble straw material after being crushed by the rotating shaft 6 and the blade 7. This part includes a container 16, a pipe 15 extends from the container 16, a branch pipe 2 extends from the pipe 15, and a spray pipe 3 branches out from the branch pipe 2. The spray pipe 3 can spray the solution towards the crushed wheat stubble. The substantial technical effects and the implementation process, that is, the basic functions, of the technical solution here are as follows: In addition to crushing, the release of the returning - field medicament can also be carried out along with the combine harvester, so comprehensive straw returning can be directly carried out. The prominent substantial features and non - obviousness of the above - mentioned scheme compared with the prior art are: directly fertilizing and applying medicaments after crushing for comprehensive straw returning.

[0083] Example 3: As a further improvable scheme, a parallel scheme, or an alternative independent scheme, the branch pipe 2 is a horizontal pipe, and the spray pipes branched out from the horizontal pipe are vertical pipes inclined towards the ground, that is, the spray pipes 3. The branch pipe 2 and the spray pipes 3 are installed on the upper installation plane 1, which is on the side of the touch floor 18 that is not the rotating shaft. The substantial technical effects and the implementation process, that is, the basic functions, of the technical solution here are as follows: After the wheat stubble is crushed, it can directly mix water, fertilizer, and fermenting microorganisms for straw returning.

[0084] Example 4: As a further improvable scheme, a parallel scheme, or an alternative independent scheme, a spring central column 17 is arranged in the middle of the spring 11. The upper part of the spring central column 17 is fixed on the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder 12 of the harvester body. The spring central column 17 ensures that the spring does not skew, and it can make the spring expand and contract along the spring central column. The substantial technical effects and the implementation process, that is, the basic functions, of the technical solution here are as follows: Ensure that the spring can play its adjustment function while having sufficient strength.

[0085] Embodiment 4: As a further improved scheme or a parallel scheme or an optional independent scheme, a horizontal plate 19 is welded on the outer shell of the conveyor barrel 12 of the harvester body, and the upper end of the spring is welded on the horizontal plate 19. The substantial technical effect of the technical scheme here and its implementation process, i.e., the basic function, are as follows: The scheme provides an improved scheme based on the combine harvester, which is easy and quick to implement. There is no need to design a completely new machine. As a further improvement, the motor can be powered by the power supply of the combine harvester itself, or a battery fixing structure can be placed above the conveyor barrel 12 of the harvester body. Similar implementation structures are all within the protection scope of this patent.

[0086] Embodiment 5: As a further improved solution or a parallel solution or an optional independent solution, the liquid placed in the container 16 is any combination of water, fertilizer, fermentation liquid and other substances.

[0087] Any combination of water, fertilizer, fermentation liquid and other substances is as follows:

[0088] Straw estimated amount of 6-8% (w / w) urea;

[0089] A composite commercial microbial agent with an estimated amount of straw of 4-5‰ (w / w): Trichoderma reesei (1 part), Penicillium (1 part), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 part), Bacillus subtilis (2 parts), Lactobacillus plantarum (2 parts); water.

[0090] Embodiment 6: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, the fermentation step of field fermentation also includes covering the straw with fermentation solution added in front with part of the crushed straw discharged from the rear of the combine harvester. The substantial technical effect and its realization process, i.e., the basic function of the technical solution here are as follows: achieving compliance and mixing, and ensuring the continuity of returning to the field fermentation.

[0091] Innovatively, each of the above effects exists independently, and a set of structures can be used to combine the above results.

[0092] It should be noted that the multiple modules of this patent are the integration of modules of the prior art and do not involve new modules. Even if some modules use programs, the programs are undoubtedly known programs.

[0093] It should be noted that the multiple solutions provided by this patent include the basic solution itself, which are independent of each other and do not restrict each other, but they can also be combined with each other without conflict to achieve multiple effects together.

[0094] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Biological agriculture non-rolling and non-wheat stubble field crushing and fermentation combined device. This combined device includes a combine harvester, and the combine harvester includes a harvester cutting head (13) at the front end and a harvester body conveyor barrel (12) capable of conveying materials; it is characterized in that, On the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder (12) of the harvester body behind the harvesting head (13) of the harvester, there are arranged a spring-ground short stubble cutting and crushing part and a fermentation assisting part; the spring-ground short stubble cutting and crushing part includes a spring (11) with its upper end fixed to the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder (12) of the harvester body, and a mounting plane (1) is connected below the spring (11); a plurality of meshing gears (5) are arranged on the mounting plane (1), and each gear (5) is coaxially installed with a rotating shaft (6), and blades (7) are arranged on the rotating shaft (6); the rotating shaft (6) is located below the mounting plane (1); on the mounting plane (1), a motor mounting sleeve (9) is fixed through a support rod (8), and a motor is arranged in the motor mounting sleeve (9), and the power shaft of the motor can drive one of the meshing gears (5) to rotate; the mounting plane (1) is inclinedly connected with a floor plate (18); the floor plate (18) linked to the upper spring (11) can keep the bottom of the floor plate (18) in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft (6) and the blades (7) and the ground; It also includes a part for applying in-situ fermentation substances to the short stubble of the straw material after being crushed by the rotating shaft (6) and the blades (7), and this part includes a container (16), the container (16) extends out a pipeline (15), the pipeline (15) extends out a branch pipe (2), the branch pipe (2) branches out a spray pipe (3), and the spray pipe (3) can spray a solution towards the crushed wheat stubble.

2. The combined device for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture according to claim 1, wherein The branch pipe (2) is a horizontal pipe, and the spray pipes branched out on the horizontal pipe are vertical pipes inclined towards the ground, that is, the spray pipes (3).

3. The biological agriculture non-rolling and non-wheat stubble field crushing and fermentation combined device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The branch pipe (2) and the spray pipe (3) are installed on the mounting plane (1), and they are located on the side of the floor plate (18) where there is no rotating shaft.

4. The combined device for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture according to claim 1, wherein, A spring central column (17) is arranged in the middle of the spring (11), the upper part of the spring central column (17) is fixed to the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder (12) of the harvester body, and the spring central column (17) ensures that the spring will not be skewed, and it can make the spring expand and contract along the spring central column.

5. The biological agriculture non-rolling and stubble-free field crushing and fermentation combined device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, A cross plate (19) is welded on the outer shell of the conveyor cylinder (12) of the harvester body, and the upper end of the spring is welded on the cross plate (19).

6. The biological agriculture non-rolling and non-wheat stubble field crushing and fermentation combined device according to claim 1, wherein The solution placed in the container (16) is a combination of water, fertilizer, and fermentation liquid.

7. The combined device for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The combination scheme of water, fertilizer, and fermentation liquid is: urea at 6 - 8% (w / w) of the estimated straw amount; compound commercial microbial inoculant at 4 - 5‰ (w / w) of the estimated straw amount: Trichoderma reesei 1 part, Penicillium 1 part, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1 part, Bacillus subtilis 2 parts, Lactobacillus plantarum 2 parts; The balance is water.

8. Biological agriculture non-rolling and non-wheat stubble field crushing and fermentation combined method, characterized in that, Using the bio-agricultural non-rolling and non-wheat stubble field crushing and fermentation combined device according to any one of claims 1 - 7, it includes the following steps: First step: Set a wheat stubble cutting system in the gap before the crawler of the combine harvester and after the harvesting head, and this cutting system can prevent the wheat stubble from being buried deep under the ground soil after being rolled by the crawler, and at the same time can make the ground basically have no wheat stubble after the harvester harvests; Second step: The power shaft of the motor drives one of the meshing gears (5) to rotate, and further drives a plurality of rotating shafts (6) and blades (7) to rotate; Step 3: The linkage between the floor contact part (18) and the upper spring (11) can keep the bottom of the floor contact part (18) in relative contact with the ground during the harvesting of the combine harvester, so that there is a gap between the rotating shaft (6) and the blade (7) and the ground; therefore, basically, the rotating shaft (6) and the blade (7) perform cutting above the gap of the ground; Step 4: The nozzle (3) can spray the solution towards the crushed wheat stubble, and the solution provides water and commercial microbial fermentation inoculant to act on the wheat stubble and the ground soil comprehensively; Step 5: Field fermentation; Most of the wheat stubble on the entire ground is broken and crushed into fragments to assist in quickly forming fertilizer in the field.

9. The combined method for field crushing and fermentation without rolling and without wheat stubble in bio-agriculture according to claim 8, wherein, The fermentation process of field fermentation also includes the covering of part of the crushed straw discharged from the rear of the combine harvester on the straw with the fermentation solution added in the front.

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