Super-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device and method

Abstract

The present invention proposes a super-large depth-to-diameter ratio time-space separation type electric spark electrolysis composite perforation device and method, which relates to the field of perforation processing technology. An electric spark machining fluid channel is provided inside the electric spark machining electrode, and an electrolytic machining fluid channel is provided inside the electrolytic machining electrode; the electric spark machining electrode is sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel with a gap left around it, and the bottom of the electric spark machining electrode extends out of the electrolytic machining fluid channel; electrolytic machining working fluid and electric spark machining working fluid flow through the electrolytic machining fluid channel and the electric spark machining fluid channel respectively, and the electrolytic machining working fluid and the electric spark machining working fluid are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode to form a mixed solution, which is used for electrolytic machining of the electrolytic machining electrode. The present invention does not require changes in conditions such as the source and electrolyte, greatly improving processing efficiency, and has a simple structure, small footprint, and convenient operation, thereby improving the processing quality and processing efficiency of perforation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of perforation processing, and in particular relates to an ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolysis composite perforation device and method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Electrospark perforation machining technology uses a columnar conductive material as a tool electrode. Under the action of a pulse power supply, spark discharge is formed between the tool electrode and the workpiece to generate a large amount of heat, causing the workpiece surface to melt or even vaporize, thereby achieving the purpose of perforation machining. Since a large amount of heat is generated during the electrospark machining process, a melted and resolidified layer (recast layer) will form on the hole wall, and there will be processing defects such as microcracks on the recast layer.

[0004] Electrolytic perforation processing technology is based on the principle of anodic dissolution. Tube electrodes are usually used as tool electrodes. It has the characteristics of high production efficiency and no recast layer. However, a passivation film will be formed during the processing, affecting the processing efficiency.

[0005] EDM-ECM combines the advantages of both technologies. A low-concentration electrolyte is introduced into the tube electrode, removing the bulk of the material through spark discharge, while simultaneously removing the recast layer through anodic dissolution. However, most machining methods employ separate EDM and ECM processes, first rapidly removing the material through EDM, followed by ECM to remove the recast layer. While these methods achieve certain machining results, overall machining efficiency is low, and switching machining methods requires changing the source, electrolyte, and other conditions, significantly reducing machining efficiency.

[0006] At present, the main research focuses on improving processing quality, ignoring the impact of processing efficiency, and its role in actual production is very limited. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolysis composite perforation device and method, which does not require changes in conditions such as the source and electrolyte, greatly improves the processing efficiency, and has a simple structure, small footprint, and easy operation, thereby improving the processing quality and efficiency of the perforation process.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] A first aspect of the present invention provides an ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device.

[0010] An ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electrospark electrolytic composite perforating device comprises a machine tool bed component, on which a workpiece fixture, an electrospark machining device and an electrolytic machining device are provided; the electrospark machining device comprises an electrospark machining electrode, the electrolytic machining device comprises an electrolytic machining electrode, an electrospark machining fluid channel is provided inside the electrolytic machining electrode, and an electrolytic machining fluid channel is provided inside the electrolytic machining electrode; the electrospark machining electrode is sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel with a gap left around it, and the bottom of the electrospark machining electrode extends outward from the electrolytic machining fluid channel; electrolytic machining working fluid and electrospark machining working fluid flow through the electrolytic machining fluid channel and the electrospark machining fluid channel respectively, the electrolytic machining working fluid and the electrospark machining working fluid are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode to form a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is used for electrolytic machining of the electrolytic machining electrode.

[0011] Optionally, the EDM electrode includes an EDM electrode body, a first insulating layer is provided in the middle of the EDM electrode body, the part of the EDM electrode with the first insulating layer in the middle passes through the electrolytic machining fluid channel, a metal ring is provided at the bottom of the EDM electrode, and the outer diameter of the metal ring is the same as the outer diameter of the electrolytic machining electrode; a gap is left between the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode and the upper end face of the metal ring.

[0012] Optionally, the electrolytic machining electrode includes an electrolytic electrode body, and a second insulating layer and a third insulating layer are provided on the outside of the electrolytic electrode body from top to bottom, a brush connection is provided between the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer, and a set distance is left between the bottom of the third insulating layer and the lower bottom surface of the electrolytic electrode body.

[0013] Optionally, the EDM fluid channel and the electrolytic machining fluid channel are connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid respectively through separate pipes.

[0014] Optionally, the machine tool bed component includes a machine tool base and a gantry motion mechanism, the machine tool base is provided with a Y-axis motion platform, the Y-axis motion platform is provided with an X-axis motion platform, the X-axis motion platform is provided with a workpiece fixture and a water tank, and the workpiece fixture is fixed inside the water tank; a Z-axis motion platform component is provided on the crossbeam of the gantry motion mechanism.

[0015] Optionally, the EDM device further includes an EDM working fluid tank and an EDM power supply, and the electrolytic machining device further includes an electrolytic machining working fluid tank and an electrolytic machining power supply; the EDM working fluid tank and the electrolytic machining working fluid tank are both arranged inside the machine tool base.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a comprehensive clamping device, which includes an upper liquid head component, a connecting head component, a lower liquid head component, and a pressing base plate component. The top of the upper liquid head component is connected to the Z-axis motion platform component, the bottom of the upper liquid head component is connected to the connecting head component, the outer side of the connecting head component is connected to the lower liquid head component, and the bottom of the lower liquid head component is connected to the pressing base plate. An upper gasket component is provided between the upper liquid head component and the connecting head component, a middle gasket component is provided between the connecting head component and the lower liquid head component, and a lower gasket component is provided between the lower liquid head component and the pressing base plate component.

[0017] Optionally, a first hollow structure is passed through the interior of the upper filling head component, and the top of the first hollow structure is connected to the electrospark machining working fluid tank through a first infusion tube. The upper gasket component, the connecting head component and the middle gasket component arranged at the bottom of the first hollow structure are all provided with a first small hole in the center, and the electrospark machining electrode is inserted into the first small hole; a second hollow structure is passed through the interior of the lower flushing head component, and the top of the second hollow structure is used to accommodate the connecting head component and the middle gasket component, and the position on one side of the middle part of the second hollow structure is connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid tank through a second infusion tube. The lower gasket component and the clamping base plate component arranged at the bottom of the second hollow structure are both provided with a second small hole in the center, and the electrolytic machining electrode is inserted into the second small hole.

[0018] Optionally, the positive poles of the EDM power supply and the electrolytic machining power supply are connected to the workpiece fixture through wires, the negative pole of the EDM power supply is connected to the position of the EDM electrode body located on the upper part of the first insulating layer through a wire, and the negative pole of the electrolytic machining power supply is connected to the brush connection through a wire.

[0019] A second aspect of the present invention provides an ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite perforation method.

[0020] The ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolytic composite perforation method comprises the following steps:

[0021] Fix the integrated clamping device on the Z-axis motion platform component, place the workpiece to be processed into the workpiece fixture in the water tank and clamp it, install the EDM electrode and the ECM electrode respectively, and adjust the position of the electrode and the distance between the electrode and the workpiece;

[0022] Adding EDM working fluid into the EDM working fluid tank, adding electrolytic machining working fluid into the electrolytic machining working fluid, turning on the first water pump and the second water pump, and turning on the EDM power supply and the electrolytic machining power supply;

[0023] First, the EDM electrode is subjected to perforation processing. The EDM working fluid sequentially passes through the first fluid delivery tube, the first hollow structure, and the EDM fluid channel to reach the outside of the metal ring. Under the action of the EDM working fluid, the EDM electrode completes the EDM perforation processing to form an EDM hole.

[0024] The electrolytic machining electrode then performs processing, and the electrolytic machining working fluid sequentially passes through the second liquid delivery tube, the second hollow structure, and the electrolytic machining fluid channel to reach the EDM hole. The electrolytic machining working fluid mixes with the EDM working fluid in the EDM hole to form a mixed solution. Under the action of the mixed solution, the electrolytic machining electrode completes the electrolytic perforation process.

[0025] When all holes are machined, turn off the EDM power supply and the ECM power supply, turn off the first water pump and the second water pump, and return the integrated clamping device to its initial position.

[0026] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention provides an electrospark electrolytic composite punching device and method with a large depth-to-diameter ratio, wherein an electrospark machining electrode is sleeved inside an electrolytic machining fluid channel and a gap is left between the electrospark machining electrode and the electrolytic machining fluid channel to ensure that the electrolytic machining fluid can flow out through the gap; the bottom of the electrospark machining electrode extends out of the electrolytic machining fluid channel to ensure that the electrospark machining can be carried out smoothly; the electrolytic machining working fluid and the electrospark machining working fluid are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode to form a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is used for electrolytic machining, thereby realizing electrospark electrolytic composite punching processing and improving the processing quality and processing efficiency of the punching processing.

[0028] (2) Simple structure. The present invention has a total of four parts. The components in each part are simply and cleverly designed without complex structures. They are connected to each other by simple bolts, which makes installation easy. There is no complex transmission structure, so the mechanical structure of the device is simpler.

[0029] (3) Easy operation, high efficiency and high degree of integration. The present invention integrates the EDM electrode and the ECM electrode into one electrode fixture. The two electrodes are processed simultaneously during machining, avoiding the need for frequent replacement of working fluid, power supply and electrodes.

[0030] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the first embodiment without the machine tool part.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the comprehensive clamping device of the first embodiment.

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the mixing state of electrolytic machining working fluid and electric spark machining working fluid in the hole formed by machining in the first embodiment.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0037] 1- EDM working fluid circulation system components; 101- EDM working fluid tank; 102- Second fluid delivery pipe; 103- Second water pump; 2- EDM working fluid circulation system components; 201- EDM working fluid tank; 202- First fluid delivery pipe; 203- First water pump; 3- Upper punch head component; 301- First hollow structure; 4- Connecting head component; 501- Upper gasket component; 502- Middle gasket component; 503- Lower gasket component; 6- Screw component; 7- Lower punch head component; 701 -Second hollow structure; 8-Compression base plate component; 9-Electrode component; 901-ECM electrode; 902-EDM electrode; 9011-ECM fluid channel; 9012-Electrode body; 9013-Second insulating layer; 9014-Third insulating layer; 9015-Brush connection; 9021-EDM fluid channel; 9022-EDM electrode body; 9023-First insulating layer; 9024-Metal ring; 10-X-axis motion platform; 11-Y-axis motion platform; 12- Z-axis motion platform components; 1301-water tank; 1302-workpiece fixture; 14-machine bed components; 1401-machine base; 1402-gantry motion mechanism; 1403 control system; 15-EDM power supply; 1601-ECM power supply; 1602-brush; 17-wire; 18-workpiece; 19-EDM working fluid; 20-ECM working fluid before mixing; 21-ECM working fluid after mixing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0040] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0041] Overall concept:

[0042] The present invention provides a device and method for hybrid electric spark-electrolysis perforation of materials with an ultra-large aspect ratio. The hybrid perforation device utilizes an electrode clamping component to clamp an electrochemical machining electrode and an electric discharge machining electrode. Electrochemical machining working fluid circulation system components and electric discharge machining working fluid circulation system components provide working fluid for electrochemical machining and electric discharge machining, respectively. Electric discharge machining power supply components and electrochemical machining power supply components respectively supply power to the electric discharge machining electrode and the electrochemical machining electrode. Hybrid electric spark-electrolysis perforation is achieved under the control of a control system. The present invention is suitable for perforation processes requiring both high processing speed and high processing quality.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] This embodiment discloses an ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electrospark electrolytic composite punching device includes a machine tool bed component 14, on which a workpiece fixture 1302, an electrospark machining device and an electrolytic machining device are provided; the electrospark machining device includes an electrospark machining electrode 902, the electrolytic machining device includes an electrolytic machining electrode 901, an electrospark machining fluid channel 9021 is provided inside the electrospark machining electrode 902, and an electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 is provided inside the electrolytic machining electrode 901; the electrospark machining electrode The electrode 902 is sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 with gaps around it. The bottom of the EDM electrode 902 extends out of the outside of the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011. The electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid 19 flow through the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 and the EDM fluid channel 9021 respectively. The electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid 19 are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 to form a mixed solution. The mixed solution is used for electrolytic machining of the electrolytic machining electrode 901.

[0046] The metal ring in this embodiment is preferably a copper ring.

[0047] In order to achieve composite perforation processing of EDM and ECM, while ensuring the overall high integration of the device, the independence of EDM and ECM is ensured. The EDM electrode 902 of this embodiment is sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 and a gap is left around the EDM electrode 902 and the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011. This design can ensure that the electrolytic machining fluid can flow out through the gap; the bottom of the EDM electrode 902 extends out of the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011, which can ensure that EDM can be carried out smoothly.

[0048] Since the machining fluids for EDM and electrolytic machining are different, after EDM is completed, when electrolytic machining is performed, the concentration of the electrolytic machining working fluid will inevitably be affected by the previous EDM working fluid 19. In order to ensure the concentration of the working fluid during electrolysis, in this embodiment, the electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid 19 are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 to form a mixed solution, and electrolytic machining is performed using the mixed solution.

[0049] In this embodiment, deionized water is used as the working fluid for EDM, and a sodium nitrate solution with a concentration higher than that required for electrolytic machining is used for electrolytic machining. During the flushing process, the solution is diluted with deionized water to a concentration that meets the electrolytic machining conditions for electrolytic machining.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to meet the conductivity requirements during EDM and the insulation requirements of the EDM electrode 902 being sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 of the electrolytic machining electrode 901, the EDM electrode 902 includes an EDM electrode body 9022, a first insulating layer 9023 is provided in the middle of the EDM electrode body 9022, a portion of the EDM electrode with the first insulating layer 9023 in the middle passes through the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011, a metal ring 9024 is sleeved on the bottom of the EDM electrode, and the outer diameter of the metal ring 9024 is the same as the outer diameter of the electrolytic machining electrode 901; a gap is left between the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 and the upper end face of the metal ring 9024.

[0051] In order to ensure that the size of the hole machined by the electric spark is compatible with the subsequent electrolytic machining, the outer diameter of the metal ring 9024 at the bottom of the electric spark electrode is the same as the outer diameter of the electrolytic machining electrode 901. In this way, after the hole is machined using the metal ring 9024 at the bottom of the electric spark electrode, the hole can be further electrolytically machined using the electrolytic machining electrode 901.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the electrolytic machining electrode 901 includes an electrolytic electrode body 9012. A second insulating layer 9013 and a third insulating layer 9014 are provided on the outside of the electrolytic electrode body 9012 from top to bottom. A connection point 9015 for the brush 1602 is provided between the second insulating layer 9013 and the third insulating layer 9014. A set distance is left between the bottom of the third insulating layer 9014 and the lower bottom surface of the electrolytic electrode body 9012.

[0053] The second insulating layer 9013 and the third insulating layer 9014 are intermittently arranged, and the exposed position in the middle is the connection point 9015 of the brush 1602. The connection point 9015 of the brush 1602 is used to connect to the power supply and perform electrolytic processing after being energized. A set distance is left between the bottom of the third insulating layer 9014 and the bottom surface of the electrolytic electrode body 9012, and this position is used for electrolytic processing.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the EDM fluid channel 9021 and the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 in this embodiment are connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid 19 respectively through separate pipes. This can avoid the response of the prior art where the electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid 19 share a pipe.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-quality, ultra-large aspect ratio EDM-ECM device of this embodiment also includes a working fluid circulation unit, a comprehensive clamping device, an EDM perforation machine bed, and a power supply unit. The working fluid circulation unit includes an EDM working fluid circulation system component 1 and an EDM working fluid 19 circulation system component 2; the comprehensive clamping device includes an upper punch head component 3, a connector component 4, a gasket component, a screw component 6, a lower punch head component 7, a clamping base component 8, and an electrode component 9; the EDM machine bed includes a control system component 1403, an X-axis motion platform component 10, a Y-axis motion platform component 11, a Z-axis motion platform component 12, and a water tank component 1301; and the power supply unit includes an EDM power supply component 15, an EDM power supply component 1601, and a wire component 17.

[0056] Among them, the working fluid circulation part realizes the flushing and recovery treatment of EDM and ECM working fluids. The EDM working fluid 19 circulation system component 2 is the EDM flushing device, and the ECM working fluid circulation system component 1 is the ECM flushing device.

[0057] The machine tool bed component 14 includes a machine tool base 1401 and a gantry motion mechanism 1402. The machine tool base 1401 is provided with a Y-axis motion platform 11, the Y-axis motion platform 11 is provided with an X-axis motion platform 10, the X-axis motion platform 10 is provided with a workpiece fixture 1302 and a water tank 1301, and the workpiece fixture 1302 is fixed inside the water tank 1301; the Z-axis motion platform 12 component is provided on the crossbeam of the gantry motion mechanism 1402.

[0058] The EDM device also includes an EDM working fluid tank 19 201 and an EDM power supply 15 , and the electrolytic machining device also includes an electrolytic machining working fluid tank 101 and an electrolytic machining power supply 1601 ; the EDM working fluid tank 19 201 and the electrolytic machining working fluid tank 101 are both arranged inside the machine tool base 1401 .

[0059] The comprehensive clamping device includes an upper liquid head component 3, a connecting head component 4, a lower liquid head component 7, and a pressing base component 8. The top of the upper liquid head component 3 is connected to the Z-axis motion platform 12 component, the bottom of the upper liquid head component 3 is connected to the connecting head component 4, the outer side of the connecting head component 4 is connected to the lower liquid head component 7, and the bottom of the lower liquid head component 7 is connected to the pressing base. An upper gasket component 501 is arranged between the upper liquid head component 3 and the connecting head component 4, a middle gasket component 502 is arranged between the connecting head component 4 and the lower liquid head component 7, and a lower gasket component 503 is arranged between the lower liquid head component 7 and the pressing base component 8.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to achieve the clamping of the EDM electrode 902 and the ECM electrode 901 and the circulation of the EDM working fluid 19 and the ECM working fluid, a first hollow structure 301 is passed through the interior of the upper filling head component. The top of the first hollow structure 301 is connected to the EDM working fluid 19 tank 201 through a first infusion tube 202. The upper gasket component 501, the connecting head component 4 and the middle gasket component 502 arranged at the bottom of the first hollow structure 301 are all provided with a first small hole in the center. The electrospark machining electrode 902 is inserted into the small hole; a second hollow structure 701 is passed through the interior of the lower punch head component 7, and the top of the second hollow structure 701 is used to accommodate the connecting head component 4 and the middle gasket component 502. The position on one side of the middle part of the second hollow structure 701 is connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid tank 101 through a second infusion tube 102. The lower gasket component 503 and the clamping base component 8 arranged at the bottom of the second hollow structure 701 are both provided with a second small hole in the center, and the electrolytic machining electrode 901 is inserted into the second small hole.

[0061] The integrated clamping device is a key component for completing combined EDM and electrolytic machining. The upper punch head has an internal cavity, connected to the EDM working fluid 19 circulation system via a pipe at the top. The lower punch head also has an internal cavity, a side cavity at one end, connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid via a pipe, and a small hole at the bottom for the passage and guidance of the electrode. The upper punch head is connected to the connector component 4 to achieve EDM flushing. The lower punch head component 7 is tightened to the connector component 4 via a nut to achieve electrolytic machining flushing. The electrodes are clamped by multiple layers of gaskets.

[0062] In addition to connecting the lower filling head and the connecting head, the nut also fixes and clamps the electrode by squeezing the connecting head.

[0063] The electrodes are divided into an EDM electrode 902 and an ECM electrode 901, both of which are tube electrodes. The outer diameter of the EDM electrode 902 is smaller than the inner diameter of the ECM electrode 901. The ECM electrode 901 is sleeved outside the EDM electrode 902 with gaps left around it, and the ECM working fluid rushes out through the gaps.

[0064] The EDM electrode 902 is connected to the internal cavity of the upper punch head through a conduit, a water pump, and the upper punch head, and the EDM working fluid 19 is flushed into the EDM electrode 902 from the EDM electrode 902 through the upper punch head. The ECM electrode 901 is connected to the internal cavity of the lower punch head through a conduit, a water pump, and the upper punch head, and the ECM working fluid is flushed into the ECM electrode 901 from the ECM electrode 901 through the upper and lower punch heads.

[0065] The surface of the EDM electrode 902 and the electrochemical machining electrode 901 is coated with a 10 μm thick insulating layer to insulate the two from each other. At the same time, insulating sealing gaskets are used to isolate and seal the upper punch head and the connector, and the connector and the lower punch head. The clamping base is connected to the lower punch head through a nut, which plays the role of compressing the sealing gasket. The electrode passes through the sealing gasket to achieve sealing.

[0066] The bottom 10 mm of the EDM electrode 902 has no insulation layer and is covered with a copper ring with an outer diameter of 1 mm. EDM is performed through the copper ring. The top 30-40 mm has no insulation layer and is used to pass through the fixture and power supply. The bottom end of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 is 20 mm higher than the bottom end of the EDM electrode 902. The bottom 10 mm of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 has no insulation layer and is used for electrolytic machining.

[0067] The main body of the EDM machine tool controls the movement of the machine tool transmission components and the feed and retraction of the Z-axis motion platform 12 components through the control system 1403 components, thereby realizing the relative movement between the electrode and the workpiece 18. At the same time, during the processing, the control system 1403 controls the feed and retraction of the Z-axis motion platform 12 according to the feedback of the inter-electrode voltage, and adjusts the gap between the electrode and the workpiece during processing.

[0068] The power supply part provides pulse power for machining, wherein the negative pole of the EDM power supply 15 is connected to the EDM electrode 902 , and the positive poles of the two power supplies are connected to the workpiece fixture 1302 .

[0069] The insulation layer of the electrolytic machining electrode 901 is removed 15 mm below the lower punch head, and it is connected to the electrolytic machining power supply 1601 through the brush 1602. The negative pole of the electrospark machining power supply 15 is connected to the nut that fixes the lower punch head component 7 and the connecting head component 4 through the wire 17. The insulation layer of the upper end 30-40 mm of the electrospark machining electrode 902 is removed, and it is connected to the negative pole of the electrospark machining power supply 15 through the nut and the connecting head component 4.

[0070] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the electrolytic machining working fluid tank 101 and the electrospark machining working fluid tank 19 201 are both placed inside the machine tool bed, and are connected to the second water pump 103 and the first water pump 203 through the second infusion pipe 102 and the first infusion pipe 202 respectively. The second water pump 103 and the first water pump 203 are fixed on the machine tool bed, and the second infusion pipe 102 is connected to the upper flushing head component 3 after passing through the second water pump 103, and the first infusion pipe 202 is connected to the lower filling head component after passing through the first water pump 203.

[0071] The upper filling head is a commonly used filling head accessory for electrospark punching processing. It is hollow inside, with a port for connecting to the second infusion tube 102 at the upper end, and a threaded outer surface of the lower end; the connecting head component 4 is also a commonly used accessory for electrospark punching processing, with a threaded interior and 2 or 4 threaded holes on the side wall. The lower filling head component and the pressing base plate are 3D printed materials. The lower punch head is cylindrical, the upper end is cylindrical, with a length of 30-40 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and an inner diameter the same as the outer diameter of the connecting head. 2 or 4 threaded holes are tapped on the side wall. The side wall is grooved 10 mm below the thread to connect to the first infusion tube 202. The lower end is sealed, the lower end is 10 mm long, and a circular hole with a diameter of 2 mm is opened in the center. The pressing base plate component 8 is cylindrical, 3 mm thick, and 50 mm in diameter. There is a hole with a diameter of 2 mm in the center and 4 or 8 nuts are inlaid around it. The upper liquid filling head component is installed on the Z-axis motion platform 12 and is connected to the connecting head component 4 through a threaded connection. The upper gasket component 501 is placed between the two and pressed (the pressing force here comes from the pre-tightening force of the threaded fit) to form an upper sealed cavity. The gasket is made of silicone and has a thickness of 2-3 mm. The lower liquid filling head component is connected to the connecting head component 4 through a screw component 6. The number of screw components 6 is 2 or 4. The middle gasket component 502 is placed between the lower liquid filling head component and the connecting head component 4 and pressed (the pressing force here comes from the height difference between the threaded holes of the connecting head component 44 and the lower liquid filling head component 7. During installation, external force is used to press the threaded holes of the two to make them coaxial) to form a lower sealed cavity. The gasket is made of silicone and has a thickness of 2-3 mm.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the electrolytic machining working fluid 20 before mixing flows downward along the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011, and then the electrolytic machining working fluid 20 before mixing is mixed with the electrospark machining working fluid 19 flowing out of the electrospark machining working fluid channel 9021 to form a mixed solution, that is, Figure 4 The mixed electrolytic machining working fluid 21 is then added, and electrolytic machining is performed using the mixed electrolytic machining working fluid 21 .

[0073] The Y-axis motion platform components are installed on the machine tool bed, the X-axis motion platform 10 components are installed on the Y-axis motion platform 11, the water tank 1301 components are installed on the X-axis motion platform 10, the workpiece fixture 1302 is installed inside the water tank 1301, and the Z-axis motion platform 12 components are installed above the machine tool base 1401.

[0074] like Figure 2As shown, in order to realize power supply, the positive poles of the EDM power supply 15 and the electrolytic machining power supply 1601 are connected to the workpiece fixture 1302 through a wire 17, the negative pole of the EDM power supply 15 is connected to the position of the EDM electrode body 9022 located on the upper part of the first insulating layer 9023 through a wire 17, and the negative pole of the electrolytic machining power supply 1601 is connected to the connection point 9015 of the brush 1602 through a wire 17.

[0075] The negative pole of the EDM power supply 15 is connected to the screw component 6 connecting the lower liquid filling head component and the connecting head component 4 through a wire 17, and the positive pole is connected to the workpiece fixture 1302. The negative pole of the electrolytic machining power supply 1601 is connected to the brush 1602 through a wire 17, and the positive pole is connected to the workpiece fixture 1302 through a wire 17.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment discloses an ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark-electrolysis composite perforation method.

[0078] The ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolytic composite perforation method comprises the following steps:

[0079] Fix the integrated clamping device on the Z-axis motion platform 12 component, place the workpiece to be processed in the workpiece fixture 1302 in the water tank 1301, and fix it. Install the EDM electrode 902 and the ECM electrode 901 respectively, adjust the position of the electrodes and the distance between the electrodes and the workpiece, operate the machine tool to keep the electrodes and the area to be processed in the same vertical line, and adjust the distance between the electrodes and the workpiece by 0.5-1 mm through tool setting.

[0080] Add EDM working fluid 19 to EDM working fluid tank 201, add electrolytic machining working fluid to electrolytic machining working fluid, turn on the first water pump 203 and the second water pump 103, adjust the flushing pressure to 0.5 MPa and turn on the flushing pump, turn on the EDM power supply 15 and the electrolytic machining power supply 1601;

[0081] Clicking the control system 1403 to start processing, the EDM electrode 902 and the electrochemical machining electrode 901 continuously advance and retreat under the control of the control system 1403 to adjust the discharge gap and complete the perforation process:

[0082] First, the EDM electrode 902 is subjected to perforation processing. The EDM working fluid 19 passes through the first fluid delivery tube 202, the first hollow structure 301, and the EDM fluid channel 9021 in sequence to reach the outside of the metal ring 9024. Under the action of the EDM working fluid 19, the EDM electrode 902 completes the EDM perforation processing, forming an EDM hole.

[0083] After that, the electrolytic machining electrode 901 performs machining again. The electrolytic machining working fluid passes through the second liquid delivery tube 102, the second hollow structure 701, and the electrolytic machining fluid channel 9011 in sequence to reach the EDM hole. The electrolytic machining working fluid mixes with the EDM working fluid 19 in the EDM hole to form a mixed solution. Under the action of the mixed solution, the electrolytic machining electrode 901 completes the electrolytic perforation process.

[0084] When all holes are machined, the EDM power supply 15 and the electrolytic machining power supply 1601 are turned off, the first water pump 203 and the second water pump 103 are turned off, and the integrated clamping device is returned to the initial position.

[0085] Taking the processing of GH4169 high-temperature alloy as an example, the general steps of the present invention to realize electric spark electrolytic machining are as follows:

[0086] Step 1: The electrochemical machining electrode 901 is a stainless steel capillary with a length of 200 mm, an outer diameter of 1 mm, and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm. The electrospark machining electrode 902 is a brass tube electrode with a length of 400 mm and an outer diameter of 0.5 mm. Both are electrophoretically plated with a 10 μm thick insulating layer. The insulating layer is removed from the lower end 10 mm and the upper end 30-40 mm of the electrospark machining electrode 902. The insulating layer is removed from the lower end 10 mm and the upper end 30-40 mm of the electrochemical machining electrode 901. A copper sleeve with a thickness of 10 mm, an outer diameter of 1 mm, and an inner diameter of 0.5 mm is placed on the lower end of the electrospark machining electrode 902 and fixed with conductive glue.

[0087] Step 2: Loosen the screws connecting the upper liquid filling head component and the connecting head component 4, insert the electrolytic machining electrode 901 through a layer of sealing gasket into the electrode clamping part, so that the position where the insulation layer is removed 30-40 mm from the upper end is aligned with the brush 1602 and the upper end of the electrode is located in the lower sealed cavity, pass the EDM electrode 902 through the electrolytic machining electrode 901 and through the two layers of gaskets, so that the upper end is located in the upper sealed cavity while ensuring that the part in contact with the connecting head is the part where the insulation layer is removed, and tighten the screws connecting the upper liquid filling head component and the connecting head component 4 so that the connecting head component 4 clamps the EDM electrode 902;

[0088] Step 3: Add deionized water to the EDM working fluid 19 box 201, and add a sodium nitrate solution with a concentration of 5 g / L to the electrolytic machining working fluid;

[0089] Step 4: Operate the control system 1403 to move the electrode to the position to be processed and adjust the tool so that the distance between the bottom end of the electrode and the workpiece is 0.5-1 mm. Turn on the first water pump 203 and the second water pump 103 and set the filling pressure to 0.5 MPa. The EDM power supply 15 and the electrochemical machining power supply 1601 are both pulse power supplies. Turn on the EDM power supply 15 and control its voltage to 200 V, current to 15 A, cycle to 100 μs, and duty cycle to 50%. Turn on the electrochemical machining power supply 1601 and control its voltage to 120 V, current to 10 A, cycle to 100 μs, and duty cycle to 50%. Operate the control system 1403 to feed the electrode at a speed of 5 mm / min. At the same time, the control system 1403 controls the feed and retraction of the electrode by detecting the voltage and current between the electrodes to perform processing.

[0090] Step 5: After the machining is completed, turn off the EDM power supply 15 and the electrolytic machining power supply 1601, turn off the first water pump 203 and the second water pump 103, and operate the control system 1403 to withdraw the electrode from the workpiece to complete the machining.

[0091] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computer device. Alternatively, they can be implemented using program code executable by a computing device, which can then be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device. Alternatively, they can be fabricated into separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. The present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0092] Although the above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without any creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The ultra-large depth-to-diameter ratio electric spark electrolytic composite punching device is characterized by: It includes a machine tool bed component, on which a workpiece clamp, an EDM device and an electrolytic machining device are provided; the EDM device includes an EDM electrode, the electrolytic machining device includes an electrolytic machining electrode, an EDM fluid channel is provided inside the EDM electrode, and an electrolytic machining fluid channel is provided inside the electrolytic machining electrode; the EDM electrode is sleeved inside the electrolytic machining fluid channel with a gap left around it, and the bottom of the EDM electrode extends out of the electrolytic machining fluid channel; electrolytic machining working fluid and EDM working fluid flow in the electrolytic machining fluid channel and the EDM fluid channel respectively, the electrolytic machining working fluid and the EDM working fluid are mixed at the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode to form a mixed solution, and the mixed solution is used for electrolytic machining of the electrolytic machining electrode.

2. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The EDM electrode includes an EDM electrode body, a first insulating layer is provided in the middle of the EDM electrode body, the portion of the EDM electrode body with the first insulating layer passes through the electrolytic machining fluid channel, a metal ring is sleeved on the bottom of the EDM electrode body, the outer diameter of the metal ring is the same as the outer diameter of the electrolytic machining electrode; a gap is left between the bottom of the electrolytic machining electrode and the upper end surface of the metal ring.

3. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrolytic machining electrode includes an electrolytic electrode body, and a second insulating layer and a third insulating layer are arranged on the outside of the electrolytic electrode body from top to bottom. A brush connection is provided between the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer, and a set distance is left between the bottom of the third insulating layer and the lower bottom surface of the electrolytic electrode body.

4. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric discharge machining fluid channel and the electrolytic machining fluid channel are connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid and the electric discharge machining working fluid respectively through separate pipelines.

5. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The machine tool bed component includes a machine tool base and a gantry motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion platform is provided on the machine tool base, an X-axis motion platform is provided on the Y-axis motion platform, a workpiece fixture and a water tank are provided on the X-axis motion platform, and the workpiece fixture is fixed inside the water tank; a Z-axis motion platform component is provided on the crossbeam of the gantry motion mechanism.

6. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The EDM device also includes an EDM working fluid tank and an EDM power supply, and the ECM device also includes an EDM working fluid tank and an EDM power supply; the EDM working fluid tank and the EDM working fluid tank are both arranged inside the machine tool base.

7. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a comprehensive clamping device, which includes an upper liquid head component, a connecting head component, a lower liquid head component, and a pressing base plate component. The top of the upper liquid head component is connected to the Z-axis motion platform component, the bottom of the upper liquid head component is connected to the connecting head component, the outer side of the connecting head component is connected to the lower liquid head component, and the bottom of the lower liquid head component is connected to the pressing base plate. An upper gasket component is provided between the upper liquid head component and the connecting head component, a middle gasket component is provided between the connecting head component and the lower liquid head component, and a lower gasket component is provided between the lower liquid head component and the pressing base plate component.

8. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first hollow structure runs through the interior of the upper filling head component, and the top of the first hollow structure is connected to the electrospark machining working fluid tank through a first infusion tube. The upper gasket component, the connecting head component and the middle gasket component arranged at the bottom of the first hollow structure are all provided with a first small hole in the center, and the electrospark machining electrode is inserted into the first small hole; a second hollow structure runs through the interior of the lower flushing head component, and the top of the second hollow structure is used to accommodate the connecting head component and the middle gasket component, and the position on one side of the middle part of the second hollow structure is connected to the electrolytic machining working fluid tank through a second infusion tube. The lower gasket component and the pressing base plate component arranged at the bottom of the second hollow structure are both provided with a second small hole in the center, and the electrolytic machining electrode is inserted into the second small hole.

9. The ultra-large aspect ratio electric spark electrolysis composite punching device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positive poles of the EDM power supply and the electrolytic machining power supply are both connected to the workpiece fixture through wires, the negative pole of the EDM power supply is connected to the position of the EDM electrode body located on the upper part of the first insulating layer through a wire, and the negative pole of the electrolytic machining power supply is connected to the brush connection through a wire.

10. A method for performing super-high depth-to-diameter ratio electrospark-electrolysis composite drilling using the super-high depth-to-diameter ratio electrospark-electrolysis composite drilling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Fix the integrated clamping device on the Z-axis motion platform component, place the workpiece to be processed into the workpiece fixture in the water tank and clamp it, install the EDM electrode and the ECM electrode respectively, and adjust the position of the electrode and the distance between the electrode and the workpiece; Adding EDM working fluid to the EDM working fluid tank, adding electrolytic machining working fluid to the electrolytic machining working fluid, turning on the first water pump and the second water pump, and turning on the EDM power supply and the electrolytic machining power supply; the first water pump is used to supply the EDM working fluid to the EDM electrode, and the second water pump is used to supply the electrolytic machining working fluid to the electrolytic machining electrode; First, the EDM electrode is subjected to perforation processing. The EDM working fluid sequentially passes through the first fluid delivery tube, the first hollow structure, and the EDM fluid channel to reach the outside of the metal ring. Under the action of the EDM working fluid, the EDM electrode completes the EDM perforation processing to form an EDM hole. The electrolytic machining electrode then performs processing, and the electrolytic machining working fluid sequentially passes through the second liquid delivery tube, the second hollow structure, and the electrolytic machining fluid channel to reach the EDM hole. The electrolytic machining working fluid mixes with the EDM working fluid in the EDM hole to form a mixed solution. Under the action of the mixed solution, the electrolytic machining electrode completes the electrolytic perforation process. When all holes are machined, turn off the EDM power supply and the ECM power supply, turn off the first water pump and the second water pump, and return the integrated clamping device to its initial position.

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