Inorganic laminated fireproof board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an inorganic laminated fireproof board and its preparation method. The fireproof board comprises: an intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material, a heat insulation material layer, and a flame-retardant fiber layer. The flame-retardant fiber layer is located on both sides of the heat insulation material layer. The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is used to impregnate the flame-retardant fiber, and the layers are bonded together by the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material. The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is prepared from the following components by weight: 9-20 parts of alkali metal hydroxide, 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-10 parts of fluorosilicone powder, and 50-150 parts of deionized water. The manufacturing steps of the fireproof board include: (1) preparing the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material; (2) impregnation; (3) bonding; and (4) drying. The fireproof board prepared by this invention has high fire resistance, does not burn, and does not generate toxic or harmful fumes when exposed to fire. It has excellent fire resistance and environmental protection performance and is an excellent substitute for existing fireproof boards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials, and in particular to an inorganic laminated fireproof board and its preparation method. Technical Background

[0002] Fire-resistant boards, also known as fire-resistant panels, are a type of fire-resistant surface decoration material widely used in interior and exterior decoration, fireproofing of building materials, and other fields. With the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for materials, especially fire-resistant building materials, are gradually increasing. Therefore, in-depth research on fire-resistant boards has broad value.

[0003] Existing fireproof boards require the use of organic adhesives, which are flammable and release toxic and harmful gases during combustion. In addition, the fireproof board structure is fixed and relies on hot pressing during the manufacturing process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an inorganic laminated fireproof board and its preparation method, which does not use organic materials and has a simple process, and can solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing fireproof boards.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a composite laminated fireproof board, comprising: an intumescent fireproof impregnating material, a heat insulation material layer, and a flame-retardant fiber layer; the flame-retardant fiber layer is located on both sides of the heat insulation material layer, the intumescent fireproof impregnating material is used to impregnate the flame-retardant fiber, and the layers are bonded together by the intumescent fireproof impregnating material.

[0006] Optionally, the insulation material layer is one of mineral wool board, mica board, vermiculite board, perlite board, and gypsum board.

[0007] Optionally, the flame-retardant fiber layer comprises 1-10 layers of glass fiber fabric.

[0008] Optionally, the flame-retardant fiber layer is directly bonded by an intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material without the addition of an adhesive.

[0009] The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 9-20 parts of alkali metal hydroxide, 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-10 parts of fluorosilicone powder, and 50-150 parts of deionized water.

[0010] Optionally, the alkali metal hydroxide is one or a mixture of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.

[0011] Optionally, the silica may be silica sol, amorphous nano silica, silica dispersion, fumed silica, quartz, or glass microspheres.

[0012] Optionally, the fluorosilicone powder is silicon dioxide containing fluorosilicic acid, which is a waste generated in the production of phosphate fertilizer, wherein the mass fraction of fluorosilicic acid is 1-5 wt%.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials involved in the technical solution of this invention can be obtained through market purchase.

[0014] The manufacturing method of the inorganic laminated fireproof board includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) Preparation of intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material

[0016] A strongly alkaline solution is prepared by dissolving an alkali metal hydroxide in deionized water in a stirrer and stirring at 100-1000 r / min for 10-50 min.

[0017] Heat the stirrer to 60-95 ℃, stir at 200-1000 r / min, add fluorosilicone powder and silicon dioxide to the strong alkaline solution, and heat and stir for 1-6 h.

[0018] Optionally, the agitator mentioned above is one or more of the following: a water bath constant temperature agitator, an oil bath constant temperature agitator, a heated mixing table, and a high-speed agitator.

[0019] (2) Impregnation

[0020] The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1) is prepared by impregnating the flame-retardant fiber layer using the direct impregnation process; if the flame-retardant fiber layer consists of two or more layers of flame-retardant fiber cloth, then each layer of flame-retardant fiber cloth is impregnated with the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1).

[0021] (3) Adhesion

[0022] The flame-retardant fiber cloth obtained in step (2) is bonded together with the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1), and then bonded to the heat insulation material layer.

[0023] (4) Drying

[0024] Dry the bonded inorganic laminate fireproof board obtained in step (3) at 25-95℃ for 7-21 days.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a synergistic flame-retardant composite laminated fireproof board. Through the formulation design of the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material and the design of the reinforcing layer, the fireproof board has high fire resistance efficiency, does not burn, and does not generate toxic or harmful fumes when exposed to fire. It has excellent fire resistance and environmental protection performance and is an excellent alternative to existing fireproof boards. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1This is an experimental schematic diagram of the inorganic laminated fireproof board of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature-time curve of Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To more clearly present the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be described in full below. In this invention, conditions not specifically marked can be performed according to conventional conditions. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and instruments used can be purchased commercially available.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] This invention provides a composite laminated fireproof board, comprising: an intumescent fireproof impregnating material, a heat insulation material layer, and a flame-retardant fiber layer; the flame-retardant fiber layer is located on both sides of the heat insulation material layer, the intumescent fireproof impregnating material is used to impregnate the flame-retardant fiber, and the layers are bonded together by the intumescent fireproof impregnating material.

[0031] The insulation layer is one of the following: mineral wool board, mica board, vermiculite board, perlite board, and gypsum board.

[0032] The flame-retardant fiber layer comprises 1-10 layers of glass fiber fabric.

[0033] The flame-retardant fiber layer is directly bonded by an intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material without the addition of adhesive.

[0034] The silica is silica sol, amorphous nano silica, silica dispersion, fumed silica, quartz, or glass microspheres.

[0035] The fluorosilicone powder is silicon dioxide containing fluorosilicic acid, a waste product generated during phosphate fertilizer production, wherein the fluorosilicic acid content is 1-5 wt%.

[0036] The manufacturing method of the inorganic laminated fireproof board includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Preparation of intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material

[0038] A strongly alkaline solution is prepared by dissolving an alkali metal hydroxide in deionized water in a stirrer and stirring at 100-1000 r / min for 10-50 min.

[0039] Heat the stirrer to 60-95 ℃, stir at 200-1000 r / min, add fluorosilicone powder and silicon dioxide to the strong alkaline solution, and heat and stir for 1-6 h.

[0040] Optionally, the agitator mentioned above is one or more of the following: a water bath constant temperature agitator, an oil bath constant temperature agitator, a heated mixing table, and a high-speed agitator.

[0041] (2) Impregnation

[0042] The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1) was prepared by impregnating flame-retardant fiber cloth with the direct impregnation process.

[0043] (3) Adhesion

[0044] The flame-retardant fiber cloth obtained in step (2) is bonded together with the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1), and then bonded to the heat insulation material layer.

[0045] (4) Drying

[0046] Dry the bonded inorganic laminate fireproof board obtained in step (3) at 25-95℃ for 7-21 days.

[0047] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Example 1

[0048] An inorganic laminated fireproof board includes: an intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material, a heat insulation material layer, and a flame-retardant fiber layer; the flame-retardant fiber layer is located on both sides of the heat insulation material layer, the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is used to impregnate the flame-retardant fiber, and the layers are bonded together by the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material.

[0049] The flame-retardant fiber layer comprises five layers of glass fiber cloth, which serves to support, reinforce, and prevent excessive or uneven expansion of the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material, and also plays an auxiliary role in improving fire resistance.

[0050] The flame-retardant fiber layer has a thickness of 5 mm and is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: sodium hydroxide (60 parts), amorphous nano-silica (130 parts), fluorosilicone powder (15 parts), and deionized water (200 parts).

[0051] The preparation method of inorganic laminated fireproof board includes the following steps:

[0052] (1) Preparation of intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material

[0053] An alkali metal hydroxide was dissolved in deionized water in a stirrer and stirred at 500 r / min for 20 min to prepare a strongly alkaline solution.

[0054] Heat the stirrer to 85 ℃ and stir at 500 r / min. Add fluorosilicone powder and silicon dioxide to the strong alkaline solution and heat and stir for 3 hours.

[0055] (2) Impregnation

[0056] The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1) was prepared by impregnating flame-retardant fiber cloth with the direct impregnation process.

[0057] (3) Adhesion

[0058] The flame-retardant fiber cloth obtained in step (2) is bonded together with the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1), and then bonded to the heat insulation material layer.

[0059] (4) Drying

[0060] The bonded inorganic laminate fireproof board obtained in step (3) is dried at 75°C for 14 days.

[0061] Performance testing and results:

[0062] A heating plate was used to clamp both sides of the fireproof board, and a thermocouple was used to measure the temperature of the insulation material. The heating plate reached the target temperature of 500°C in about 3 minutes, at which point the temperature on the back of the insulation material was approximately 100°C. During subsequent heating, the temperature rose more slowly, reaching a peak of approximately 200°C 21 minutes after the back temperature reached 100°C. Only water vapor was generated as a gas during the experiment.

Claims

1. An inorganic laminated fireproof board, characterized in that, include: Thermal insulation layer, flame-retardant fiber layer, intumescent fire-retardant impregnated material; The flame-retardant fiber layer is located on both sides of the heat insulation material layer, and the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is used to impregnate the flame-retardant fiber. The layers are bonded together by the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material. The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 9-20 parts of alkali metal hydroxide, 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-10 parts of fluorosilicone powder, and 50-150 parts of deionized water. The alkali metal hydroxide is one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide or a mixture of both. The fluorosilicone powder is silicon dioxide containing fluorosilicic acid, a waste product generated during phosphate fertilizer production, wherein the fluorosilicic acid content is 1-5 wt%. The flame-retardant fiber layer comprises 1-10 layers of glass fiber cloth; The flame-retardant fiber layer is directly bonded by an intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material without the addition of adhesive.

2. The inorganic laminated fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silica is one of silica sol, amorphous nano silica, silica dispersion, fumed silica, quartz, and glass microspheres.

3. The inorganic laminated fireproof board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation material layer is one of mineral wool board, mica board, vermiculite board, perlite board, and gypsum board.

4. The method for preparing the inorganic laminated fireproof board according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material A strongly alkaline solution is prepared by dissolving alkali metal hydroxide in deionized water in a stirrer and stirring at 100-1000 r / min for 10-50 min. Heat the stirrer to 60-95 ℃, stir at 200-1000 r / min, add fluorosilicone powder and silicon dioxide to the strong alkaline solution, and heat and stir for 1-6 h. (2) Impregnation The intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1) is impregnated on the flame-retardant fiber layer using the direct impregnation process; if the flame-retardant fiber layer consists of two or more layers of flame-retardant fiber cloth, then each layer of flame-retardant fiber cloth is impregnated with the intumescent fire-retardant impregnating material obtained in step (1). (3) Adhesion The intumescent fireproof impregnating material obtained in step (1) is used to bond the flame-retardant fiber cloth obtained in step (2) to each other, and then bonded to the heat insulation material layer. (4) Drying The bonded inorganic laminate fireproof board obtained in step (3) is dried at 25-95℃ for 7-21 days.

5. The method for preparing the inorganic laminated fireproof board according to claim 4, characterized in that, The agitator is one of the following: a water bath constant temperature agitator, an oil bath constant temperature agitator, or a heated mixing table.

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