Method of controlling ramp rate of a wind farm having a plurality of wind turbines and wind farm

Abstract

A method for controlling a ramp rate of a wind farm, comprising: - determining a production pool of the wind farm comprising online wind turbines of a plurality of wind turbines; - for each wind turbine, measuring and / or determining a first set of quantities of the wind turbine, the first set of quantities comprising at least an average wind speed value at the wind turbine; - determining, based on the first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine, a pre-shutdown pool comprising wind turbines of the production pool; - for each wind turbine, measuring or determining a power of the wind turbine; - calculating, based on the power of the wind turbines, a total power of the pre-shutdown pool; - controlling the wind turbines of the production pool of the wind farm based on the total power; - controlling the ramp rate of the wind farm based at least partly on the controlling of the wind turbines; wherein the control of the wind turbines is configured to limit and / or reduce an absolute value of a time derivative of the total power to below a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a method for controlling the ramp rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines. Background Technology

[0002] A wind farm consists of multiple wind turbines configured to generate electrical power.

[0003] Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into electrical energy, which is then transmitted to the power grid and from there to electrical loads.

[0004] Depending on wind conditions and / or grid conditions, it may be necessary to shut down one or more of the multiple wind turbines in a wind farm.

[0005] For example, in the event of a storm, it may be necessary or recommended to shut down wind turbines to prevent damage or malfunction of wind turbines in the wind farm.

[0006] The wind turbines may restart after the storm.

[0007] During the shutdown and / or restart of wind turbines in a wind farm, the power delivered from the wind turbines to the grid varies over time. For example, during shutdown, the power may start from a non-zero value and reach zero, and / or the time derivative of the power delivered to the grid may have a non-zero absolute value.

[0008] The absolute value of the time derivative of the power delivered to the grid should be low enough to maintain a balance between the power generated and the power consumed and / or to maintain grid stability and / or reliable operation of the wind farm.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need to keep the absolute value of the time derivative of the power delivered to the grid below a threshold and / or to prevent excessive changes in the rate of change of power output per minute from wind farms, especially during storm shutdowns or restarts. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In one aspect, this disclosure relates to a method for controlling the sloping rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising:

[0011] - Identify the generation pool of the wind farm, the generation pool comprising online wind turbines among a plurality of wind turbines;

[0012] - For each wind turbine in the generation pool, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, which includes at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine.

[0013] -Based on a first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the generation pool, a pre-shutdown pool for the wind turbines including the generation pool is determined, for which the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0014] - For each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0015] - Calculate the total power of the pre-closed pool based on the power of the wind turbines in the pre-closed pool;

[0016] - The wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool are controlled at least in part based on the total power of the pre-closed pool;

[0017] - The sloping rate of the wind farm is controlled at least in part based on the wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool.

[0018] The wind turbines of the generation pool are controlled to limit and / or reduce the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm to a predetermined upper limit below the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0019] In another aspect, this disclosure relates to a method for controlling a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising:

[0020] - Identify a set of online turbines in a wind farm, which includes online wind turbines among multiple wind turbines;

[0021] - For each wind turbine in the set of online turbines, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, the first set of quantities including at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine;

[0022] -Based on a first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the set of online turbines, a first set of threshold wind turbines is determined, the first set of threshold wind turbines including the wind turbines in the set of online turbines, for which the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0023] - For each wind turbine in the set of first threshold wind turbines, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0024] - Calculate the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines based on the power of the wind turbines in the group of first threshold wind turbines;

[0025] - The wind turbines of the set of online turbines in the wind farm are controlled at least in part based on the total power of the set of first threshold wind turbines;

[0026] - Control the wind turbines in the set of online turbines of the wind farm;

[0027] The control configuration for the wind turbines in the set of online turbines is to limit and / or reduce the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm to a predetermined upper limit below the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0028] The present invention provides a set of technical solutions as follows.

[0029] Technical Solution 1. A method for controlling the sloping rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising:

[0030] - Determine the generation pool of the wind farm, the generation pool including the online wind turbines among the plurality of wind turbines;

[0031] - For each wind turbine in the generation pool, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, the first set of quantities including at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine;

[0032] - Based on the first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the generation pool, a pre-shutdown pool for the wind turbines including the generation pool is determined, for the pre-shutdown pool, the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0033] - For each wind turbine in the pre-closed pool, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0034] - Calculate the total power of the pre-shutdown pool based on the power of the wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool;

[0035] - The wind turbines of the generating pool of the wind farm are controlled at least in part based on the total power of the pre-shutdown pool;

[0036] - The sloping rate of the wind farm is controlled at least in part based on the wind turbines of the generating pool of the wind farm;

[0037] The control configuration of the wind turbine in the generating pool is to limit and / or reduce the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm to below a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm;

[0038] Furthermore, the wind turbine controlling the generation pool further includes

[0039] Determine whether the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, and when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, determine the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool, and based on the total power of the pre-shutdown pool and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool, determine a shutdown ranking score for each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool, and determine the turbine in the pre-shutdown pool with the highest shutdown ranking score;

[0040] The allowable power reduction is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm;

[0041] The method also includes

[0042] When the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power decrease, the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown of the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool is determined, and if the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown does not exceed the allowable rate of change and if the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool and the total power of the pre-shutdown pool satisfy the progressive shutdown condition, the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool is shut down;

[0043] The permissible rate of change is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm;

[0044] The method also includes a predetermined time delay after shutting down the wind turbine with the highest shutdown sort score.

[0045] Technical Solution 2. The method according to Technical Solution 1, wherein controlling the wind turbine of the generation pool further includes using turbine-level storm shutdown logic to control the wind turbine of the generation pool when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is lower than the allowable power drop.

[0046] Technical Solution 3. The method according to Technical Solution 1 further includes...

[0047] - Identify an idle pool for the wind farm, the idle pool comprising wind turbines among the plurality of stopped wind turbines;

[0048] - For each wind turbine in the idle pool, determine a second set of quantities for the wind turbine, the second set of quantities including at least the possible power of the wind turbine;

[0049] - Calculate the total possible power of the idle pool based on the second set of quantities determined for each wind turbine in the idle pool;

[0050] - The wind turbines of the idle pool of the wind farm are controlled based on the total possible power of the idle pool.

[0051] Technical Solution 4. The method according to Technical Solution 3 further includes: determining the minimum average wind speed value in the idle pool.

[0052] Technical Solution 5. The method according to Technical Solution 4, wherein when the minimum average wind speed value is lower than the restart wind speed, the total possible power in the idle pool is determined, and when the total possible power is lower than the allowable power increase, the wind turbine in the idle pool is allowed to restart.

[0053] Technical Solution 6. The method according to Technical Solution 5 further includes determining the wind turbine with the highest restart sorting score in the idle pool.

[0054] Technical Solution 7. The method according to Technical Solution 6, wherein when the total possible power in the idle pool is higher than the allowed power increase, the turbine with the highest restart sorting score is allowed to restart.

[0055] Technical Solution 8. The method according to Technical Solution 7 further includes a predetermined time delay after restarting the wind turbine having the highest restart order.

[0056] Technical Solution 9. The method according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 8, wherein the gradual shutdown condition is satisfied when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the upper predetermined power threshold and the maximum wind speed is higher than the lower predetermined wind speed threshold, or when the wind speed is higher than the upper predetermined wind speed threshold and the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is lower than the upper predetermined power threshold and higher than the lower predetermined power threshold, particularly greater than or equal to the lower predetermined threshold of the allowable power decrease.

[0057] Technical Solution 10. The method according to any one of technical solutions 1 to 9, wherein the gradual shutdown condition is satisfied when:

[0058] The total power P of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a predetermined power threshold, for example, higher than 50% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm, and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a third wind speed threshold, for example, 23.5 m / s; or

[0059] The total power P of the pre-shutdown pool is greater than the allowable power drop, for example, greater than 25% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm, and less than the predetermined power threshold, for example, less than 50% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm, and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the second wind speed threshold, for example, 24 m / s.

[0060] And the wind speed mentioned therein is an average wind speed, such as a 10-minute average.

[0061] Technical Solution 11. A wind farm, including a controller configured to perform the method described in any one of technical solutions 1 to 10. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 A method for controlling the sloping rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, according to the present disclosure, is shown.

[0063] Figure 2 A wind farm with multiple wind turbines is shown according to this disclosure.

[0064] Figure 3 An example is shown comparing the total power generated by a wind farm according to this disclosure with the total power generated by a conventional wind farm. Detailed Implementation

[0065] This disclosure prevents excessively high per-minute power variation rates in wind farm power output due to storm shutdown / restart.

[0066] Based on a 10-minute average and a ranking score based on operational data from all machines in the wind farm, the wind farm controller sends a progressive storm shutdown signal to individual wind turbines before its normal storm shutdown. This can initiate a controlled shutdown.

[0067] The time delay function, which is initialized before the next progressive storm shutdown flag is sent to another wind turbine, ensures that the rate of power change is guaranteed.

[0068] The restart of wind turbines depends on the 10-minute average of wind speeds below the turbine restart speed after the storm, and on the reset of the progressive storm shutdown flag from the wind farm controller.

[0069] Based on a 10-minute average and a sorted score based on operational data from all machines in the wind farm, the wind farm controller resets the progressive storm shutdown flag for individual wind turbines.

[0070] This disclosure provides a progressive storm shutdown processed by a wind farm controller and ensures the conformal rate of change of power at the wind farm level due to storm shutdown.

[0071] All wind turbine generators (WTGs) in a wind farm share a 10-minute average wind speed value, online status, actual and probable power, grid operating time, and turbine storm shutdown status regarding the Wind Control System (WCS). The WCS defines a generation pool for all WTGs sending online status. The WCS defines a first wind speed threshold, which is less than the WTG-based storm shutdown level. If the 10-minute average wind speed of at least one WTG exceeds the predetermined first wind speed threshold, the WTG enters a pre-shutdown pool. The power of all WTGs in the pre-shutdown pool is summed. If the total power in the pre-shutdown pool is less than or equal to the allowable power drop, the WTG-based storm shutdown logic is only active. If the total power exceeds the allowable power drop or exceeds the predetermined power threshold, progressive storm shutdown logic on the WCS is initiated. The WCS defines a second wind speed threshold, which is less than the WTG-based storm shutdown level but greater than the first wind speed threshold. A third wind speed threshold is defined between the first and second wind speed thresholds.

[0072] If the total power in the pre-shutdown pool is greater than the allowable power drop but less than a predetermined power threshold, this logic checks the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool against a second wind speed threshold. If the output power is greater than the predetermined power threshold, this logic checks the highest wind speed against a third wind speed threshold. If the highest wind speed exceeds a given wind speed threshold, the WCS follows a sorting criterion from one or more WTG controller values ​​(e.g., wind speed, actual power, grid operating time, etc.).

[0073] The WCS checks the actual rate of change of power per minute against the allowed power drop. If it does not exceed this value, the machine with the highest ranking score receives a progressive storm shutdown flag from the WCS to initiate the shutdown procedure. A time delay function is also initiated. If the timer expires, the WCS reassesses the pre-shutdown pool against total power, maximum wind speed, and ranking criteria, and sends a progressive shutdown flag to the next WTG. Shutdown WTGs are processed in the idle pool. To allow WTGs to restart after storm shutdown, the 10-minute average wind speed on the WTG controller should be less than the predetermined restart wind speed defined after the storm for a specified duration, and the progressive storm shutdown flag from the WCS should be reset. The WCS's reset of the wind farm's progressive storm shutdown flag depends on the minimum 10-minute average of the WTGs from the idle pool. If the 10-minute average wind speed value is less than the predetermined restart wind speed, the WCS checks whether the total possible power in the idle pool is greater than or equal to the allowed power increase.

[0074] The reset of the progressive storm shutdown flag for wind farms follows a sorting criterion based on one or more WTG controller values, such as wind speed, actual potential power, grid operating time, etc. The machine with the highest sorting score receives the reset of the progressive storm shutdown flag from the WCS, allowing the WTG to restart. A time delay function is also activated. If the timer expires, the WCS again evaluates the idle pool against the lowest wind speed and the highest sorting score, and initiates a reset of the progressive storm shutdown flag for the next WTG cycle.

[0075] Figure 1 A method 100 for controlling the slack rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, according to the present disclosure, is shown.

[0076] This disclosure provides a method 100 for controlling the slack rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising:

[0077] - Determine the generation pool of the wind farm, which includes online wind turbines among multiple wind turbines (step 102).

[0078] - For each wind turbine in the generation pool, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, which includes at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine.

[0079] -Based on a first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the generation pool, a pre-shutdown pool for the wind turbines including the generation pool is determined, for which the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0080] - For each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0081] - Calculate the total power of the pre-shutdown pool based on the power of the wind turbines in the pre-shutdown pool (step 104, e.g., how much turbine power is in the pre-shutdown pool?).

[0082] - Control the wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool based on the total power of the pre-closed pool;

[0083] - The sloping rate of the wind farm is controlled at least in part based on the wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool.

[0084] The control configuration of the wind turbines in the generating pool is such that the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm is limited and / or reduced to a predetermined upper limit below the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0085] The first wind speed threshold can be, for example, 23 m / s, such that the wind speed value WS exceeds the first wind speed threshold if and only if WS>= 23 m / s.

[0086] In some embodiments, controlling the wind turbines of the generation pool further includes using storm shutdown logic of the wind turbines to control the wind turbines of the generation pool when the total power P of the pre-shutdown pool is lower than the allowable power drop (step 106).

[0087] The permissible power reduction may be, for example, 25% of the predetermined maximum power value of a wind farm.

[0088] In some embodiments, the wind turbine controlling the generation pool further includes:

[0089] Determine whether the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, and when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, determine the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool (steps 108, 110, e.g., what is the highest turbine wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool?), and based on the total power of the pre-shutdown pool and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool, determine the shutdown ranking score for each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool, and determine the turbine in the pre-shutdown pool with the highest shutdown ranking score (step 116).

[0090] The allowable power reduction is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0091] For example, the highest closure sort score can be determined based on the asymptotic closure condition (i.e., when the asymptotic closure condition becomes true).

[0092] In some embodiments, the asymptotic shutdown condition is satisfied (i.e., evaluates to true) when the following conditions are met:

[0093] The total power P of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a predetermined power threshold (e.g., 50% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm), and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a third wind speed threshold (e.g., 23.5 m / s).

[0094] or

[0095] The total power P of the pre-shutdown pool is greater than the allowable power drop (e.g., 25% of the wind farm's predetermined maximum power value) and less than the predetermined power threshold (e.g., 50% of the wind farm's predetermined maximum power value), and the highest wind speed within the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a second wind speed threshold (e.g., specifically 24 m / s, such as...). Figure 1 (Exemplary depiction in the text).

[0096] The wind speed is the average wind speed, for example, the average wind speed over 10 minutes.

[0097] For each wind turbine, a shutdown ranking score can be calculated based on a shutdown factor. For example, the shutdown ranking score could be based on the margin of wind speed relative to cutoff and operating time. The shutdown ranking score for a wind turbine can be calculated, for example, using V... act(The actual or average speed of the wind turbine (e.g., 10-minute average speed)) and V cutout (Cutend speed) and t operation (Operating time of wind turbine) The following calculations are as follows:

[0098] .

[0099] Alternatively or additionally, the ranking may include other turbine operating data, such as tower vibration data, component health data and / or related key metrics (e.g., pitch life), and / or may include turbine load, standard deviation of wind speed, proximity to noise-sensitive areas, turbine warning messages, etc.

[0100] In some embodiments, the method further includes: when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, determining the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown of the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool, and shutting down the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool if the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown does not exceed the allowable rate of change and if the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool and the total power of the pre-shutdown pool satisfy / match the progressive shutdown condition (step 114).

[0101] The allowable rate of change is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0102] For example, the permissible rate of change could be 25% of the wind farm’s maximum power per minute.

[0103] In some embodiments, the method further includes: waiting for a predetermined time delay after shutting down the wind turbine with the highest shutdown sorting score (step 112).

[0104] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0105] - Identify the idle pool of the wind farm, which includes wind turbines from a plurality of stopped wind turbines (step 118).

[0106] - For each wind turbine in the idle pool, determine a second set of quantities for the wind turbine, which includes at least the possible power of the wind turbine;

[0107] -Calculate the total possible power of the idle pool based on the second set of quantities determined for each wind turbine in the idle pool (step 120).

[0108] - Control the wind turbines of the idle pool of the wind farm based on the total possible power of the idle pool.

[0109] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining the minimum average wind speed value within the idle pool.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the minimum average wind speed is lower than the restart wind speed, the total possible power in the idle pool is determined, and when the total possible power is lower than the allowable power increase, the wind turbines in the idle pool are allowed to restart (step 124).

[0111] In some embodiments, the method further includes determining the wind turbine with the highest restart sorting score within the idle pool.

[0112] For example, the restart sort score can be calculated based on the initiation factor, for instance.

[0113] ,

[0114] Where P possible The potential power is represented as the power that the turbine can theoretically / nominally produce based on the learned power curve and current operating conditions or operating mode. Restart sequencing allows for the restart of turbines that are close to reaching their rated power and have had longer shutdown times than other turbines. P rated Indicates rated / nominal / theoretical power, and t stop This indicates the time interval during which the turbine stops.

[0115] Alternatively or additionally, other embodiments of restart sequencing may include metrics similar to those mentioned for individual sequencing, including turbine health and other turbine-level feedback. For example, restart sequencing may be based on or further on operational feedback from other turbines, such as tower vibration, component health, or their key metrics, such as pitch life, turbine load, standard deviation of wind speed, proximity to noise-sensitive areas, turbine warning messages, etc.

[0116] In some embodiments, when the total possible power in the idle pool exceeds the allowed power increase, the turbine with the highest restart sort score is allowed to restart.

[0117] In some embodiments, the method further includes waiting for a predetermined time delay after restarting the wind turbine with the highest restart order (step 122).

[0118] In some embodiments, the gradual shutdown condition is met when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than an upper predetermined power threshold and the maximum wind speed is higher than a lower predetermined wind speed threshold, or when the wind speed is higher than an upper predetermined wind speed threshold and the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is lower than an upper predetermined power threshold and higher than a lower predetermined power threshold (in particular, greater than or equal to a lower predetermined threshold that allows power reduction).

[0119] This disclosure also provides a wind farm including a controller configured to perform the methods described herein.

[0120] Figure 2 A wind farm 200 having multiple wind turbines 202 is shown according to the present disclosure.

[0121] For each wind turbine 202, a first set of quantities is measured and / or determined, the first set of quantities including at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine. The average wind speed value at the wind turbine may vary. For example, at some wind turbines, the average wind speed may be low, while at some other wind turbines, the average wind speed may be high.

[0122] Average wind speed can be an average of 10 minutes over a period of time.

[0123] Then, a pre-shutdown pool 210 is determined, which includes the wind turbine of the generation pool, wherein the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0124] Figure 3 An example is shown comparing the total power 310 generated by the wind farm according to this disclosure with the total power 320 generated by a conventional wind farm.

[0125] Figure 3 The horizontal axis 302 shows the time, and the vertical axis 304 shows the total power generated by the wind farm, i.e., Figure 3 Graph 300 shows the total power generated by the wind farm as a function of time.

[0126] In a conventional wind farm, the total power of the wind farm as a function of time can be represented, for example, by graph / curve 320. In the presence of a storm, storm shutdown of a conventional wind farm can cause a rapid drop in power toward zero, as depicted by graph / curve 320, which shows the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the conventional wind farm. This value can be very high, corresponding to a very rapid drop in total power generated by the conventional wind farm to zero according to graph / curve 320.

[0127] According to this disclosure, the total power generated by wind farm 200 as a function of time can correspond to a graph / curve 310 showing an example of the total power generated by wind farm as a function of time according to this disclosure, wherein the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by wind farm according to this disclosure remains below a predetermined upper limit.

[0128] According to the graph / curve 310 of this disclosure, the total power generated by the wind farm as a function of time does not rapidly drop to zero or a low value, thus maintaining grid stability and reliable operation.

[0129] In contrast, the graph / curve 310 of the total power generated by conventional wind farms may lead to grid instability and / or unreliable operation of wind farms due to a sudden drop in power when the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by conventional wind farms exceeds a predetermined upper limit that leads to instability.

[0130] The methods disclosed herein include:

[0131] - Identify the generation pool of a wind farm 200 that includes online wind turbines among multiple wind turbines 202;

[0132] - For each wind turbine in the generation pool, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, the first set of quantities including at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine, such as wind speed 220 and / or 222.

[0133] -Based on a first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the generation pool, a pre-shutdown pool 210 is determined for the wind turbines including the generation pool, for which the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0134] - For each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool 210, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0135] - Calculate the total power of the pre-closed pool based on the power of the wind turbines in the pre-closed pool;

[0136] - Control the wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool based on the total power of the pre-closed pool;

[0137] - The sloping rate of the wind farm is controlled at least in part based on the wind turbines of the wind farm's generating pool.

[0138] The control configuration of the wind turbines in the generation pool is such that the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm 200 is limited and / or reduced to below a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm, and wherein, for example, the total power generated by the wind farm 200 as a function of time according to this disclosure follows a graph / curve 310 that is not as steep as a graph / curve 320 of the total power generated as a function of time by, for example, a corresponding conventional wind farm.

[0139] This disclosure also discloses a method for controlling a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising:

[0140] - Identify a set of online turbines in a wind farm, which includes online wind turbines among multiple wind turbines;

[0141] - For each wind turbine in the set of linear turbines, measure and / or determine a first set of quantities for the wind turbine, the first set of quantities including at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine.

[0142] -Based on a first set of quantities measured and / or determined for each wind turbine in the set of online turbines, a first set of threshold wind turbines is determined, the first set of threshold wind turbines including the wind turbines in the set of online turbines, for which the average wind speed value at the wind turbine exceeds a first wind speed threshold.

[0143] - For each wind turbine in the set of first threshold wind turbines, measure or determine the power of the wind turbine;

[0144] - Calculate the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines based on the power of the wind turbines in the group of first threshold wind turbines;

[0145] - The wind turbines of the set of online turbines in the wind farm are controlled at least in part based on the total power of the set of first threshold wind turbines;

[0146] - A set of online turbines controlling a wind farm;

[0147] The control configuration for the wind turbines in the set of online turbines is to limit and / or reduce the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm to a predetermined upper limit below the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0148] In some embodiments, controlling the wind turbines of the group of online turbines further includes using turbine-level storm shutdown logic to control the wind turbines of the group of online turbines when the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is lower than an allowable power drop.

[0149] In some embodiments, controlling the wind turbines of the set of online turbines further includes:

[0150] Determine whether the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than the allowable power drop, and when the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than the allowable power drop, determine the highest wind speed in the group of first threshold wind turbines, and based on the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines and the highest wind speed in the group of first threshold wind turbines, determine the shutdown sorting score of each wind turbine in the group of first threshold wind turbines, and determine the turbine with the highest shutdown sorting score in the group of first threshold wind turbines;

[0151] The allowable power reduction is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0152] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0153] When the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than the allowable power drop, the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown of the wind turbine in the group of first threshold wind turbines with the highest shutdown ranking score is determined, and if the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown does not exceed the allowable rate of change and if the highest wind speed in the group of first threshold wind turbines and the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines meet the progressive shutdown condition, then the wind turbine in the group of first threshold wind turbines with the highest shutdown ranking score is shut down;

[0154] The allowable rate of change is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm.

[0155] In some embodiments, the method further includes waiting for a predetermined time delay after shutting down the wind turbine with the highest shutdown sorting score.

[0156] In some embodiments, the method further includes:

[0157] - Identify a set of idle wind turbines in a wind farm, which includes wind turbines among multiple wind turbines that have been stopped;

[0158] - For each of the set of idle wind turbines, determine a second set of quantities for the wind turbines, the second set of quantities including at least the possible power of the wind turbines;

[0159] - Calculate the total possible power of the group of idle wind turbines based on a second set of quantities determined for each wind turbine in the group of idle wind turbines;

[0160] - The wind turbines of the wind farm are controlled based on the total possible power of the set of idle wind turbines.

[0161] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining the lowest average wind speed value within the set of idle wind turbines.

[0162] In some embodiments, when the minimum average wind speed is lower than the restart wind speed, the total possible power within the group of idle wind turbines is determined, and when the total possible power is lower than the allowable power increase, restarting of the wind turbines in the group of idle wind turbines is permitted.

[0163] Some embodiments also include identifying the wind turbine with the highest restart sort score from the set of idle wind turbines.

[0164] In some embodiments, when the total possible power within the group of idle wind turbines exceeds the permissible power increase, the turbine with the highest restart sort score is allowed to restart.

[0165] Some embodiments also include a predetermined time delay after restarting the wind turbine with the highest restart order.

[0166] In some embodiments, the gradual shutdown condition is met when the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than an upper predetermined power threshold and the maximum wind speed is higher than a lower predetermined wind speed threshold, or when the wind speed is higher than an upper predetermined wind speed threshold and the total power of the group of first threshold wind turbines is lower than an upper predetermined power threshold and higher than a lower predetermined power threshold (in particular, greater than or equal to a lower predetermined threshold that allows power reduction).

[0167] In some embodiments, the gradual shutdown condition is satisfied when:

[0168] The total power P of the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than a predetermined power threshold, such as 50% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm, and the highest wind speed in the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than a third wind speed threshold, such as 23.5 m / s.

[0169] or

[0170] The total power P of the group of first threshold wind turbines is greater than the allowable power drop (e.g., 25% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm) and less than the predetermined power threshold (e.g., 50% of the predetermined maximum power value of the wind farm), and the highest wind speed in the group of first threshold wind turbines is higher than the second wind speed threshold, e.g., 24 m / s.

[0171] Furthermore, the wind speed is the average wind speed, such as the 10-minute average.

[0172] This disclosure also discloses a wind farm including a controller configured to perform the methods described herein.

[0173] For example, a generation pool could be a set of online turbines.

[0174] For example, the pre-shutdown pool could be the set of first threshold wind turbines.

[0175] For example, an idle pool could be the set of idle wind turbines.

[0176] For example, the control of a wind farm is configured to provide the slack rate of the wind farm based at least in part on controlling the wind turbines in the set of online turbines.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the slack rate of a wind farm having multiple wind turbines, the method comprising: - Determine the generation pool, which includes online wind turbines among the plurality of wind turbines; - For each wind turbine in the generation pool, a first set of quantities is determined, which includes at least the average wind speed value at the wind turbine. - Based on the first set of quantities, a pre-shutdown pool for the wind turbines including the generation pool is determined, wherein the average wind speed value for the pre-shutdown pool exceeds a first wind speed threshold. - For each wind turbine in the pre-closed pool, determine the power of the wind turbine; - Calculate the total power of the pre-shutdown pool based on the power of the wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool; - The wind turbine of the generating pool is controlled based on the total power of the pre-closed pool; - The sloping rate of the wind farm is controlled based on the wind turbine controlling the generation pool; The control configuration of the wind turbine in the generation pool is to reduce the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power of the pre-shutdown pool to below a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative; Furthermore, the wind turbine controlling the generation pool further includes: Determine whether the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, and when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, determine the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool, and based on the total power of the pre-shutdown pool and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool, determine a shutdown ranking score for each wind turbine in the pre-shutdown pool, and determine the turbine in the pre-shutdown pool with the highest shutdown ranking score; The allowable power decrease is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative; The method also includes: When the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the allowable power drop, the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown of the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool is determined, and when the actual rate of change of power caused by the shutdown does not exceed the allowable rate of change and when the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool and the total power of the pre-shutdown pool meet the shutdown conditions, the wind turbine with the highest shutdown ranking score in the pre-shutdown pool is shut down; The permissible rate of change is based on a predetermined upper limit of the absolute value of the time derivative of the total power generated by the wind farm; as well as It also includes a predetermined time delay after shutting down the wind turbine with the highest shutdown sort score.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The wind turbine controlling the generation pool also includes turbine-level storm shutdown logic when the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is lower than the allowable power drop.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: - Identify an idle pool, the idle pool comprising wind turbines among the stopped plurality of wind turbines; - For each wind turbine in the idle pool, determine a second set of quantities, which includes the possible power of the wind turbine; - Based on the second set of quantities, calculate the total possible power of the idle pool; - The wind turbines of the idle pool of the wind farm are controlled based on the total possible power of the idle pool.

4. The method according to claim 3 further includes: determining the lowest average wind speed value in the idle pool.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The wind turbine in the idle pool is allowed to restart when the minimum average wind speed is lower than the restart wind speed and the total possible power is lower than the allowable power increase.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising determining the wind turbine with the highest restart sorting score in the idle pool.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, When the total possible power in the idle pool exceeds the allowed power increase, the turbine with the highest restart sort score is allowed to restart.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising waiting for a predetermined time delay after restarting the wind turbine having the highest restart order in the idle pool.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The shutdown condition is met under one of the following circumstances: When the total power of the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the upper predetermined power threshold and the highest wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool is higher than the lower predetermined wind speed threshold, or When the wind speed is higher than the upper predetermined wind speed threshold and the total power of the pre-closed pool is lower than the upper predetermined power threshold but higher than the lower predetermined power threshold.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, The shutdown condition is met under one of the following conditions: The total power of the pre-closed pool is higher than a predetermined power threshold, and the highest wind speed in the pre-closed pool is higher than a third wind speed threshold. or The total power of the pre-shutdown pool is greater than the allowable power decrease and less than a predetermined power threshold, and the maximum wind speed in the pre-shutdown pool is higher than a second wind speed threshold. And the wind speed mentioned therein is the average wind speed.

11. A wind farm, including a controller configured to perform the method of claim 1.

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