Connection device and method for 39-core communication socket in railway passenger cars

Abstract

This invention relates to a wiring device and method for a 39-pin communication connector on a railway passenger car. The device includes a detection signal transmitting unit and a detection signal receiving unit. The detection signal transmitting unit includes a 39-pin connector plug A, an optocoupler isolation drive circuit, a microcontroller A, a wireless serial communication module, a power supply component A, and a housing A. The detection signal receiving unit includes a 39-pin connector plug B, an operation keyboard, a digital tube display module, a microcontroller B, a wireless serial communication module, an LED light detection circuit module, a power supply component B, and a housing B. When using the device for wiring, the detection signal transmitting unit and the detection signal receiving unit are first connected to the 39-pin communication connector on the car being tested. Communication is established using the wireless transceiver module, and the microcontroller transmits and receives detection signals. The operation keyboard sequentially tests the grounding pins and communication pins of the communication connector. The corresponding path status is checked using the LED lights. The testing efficiency is high, and the entire testing process can be completed by a single person.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power line testing, and in particular to a connection device and method for a 39-core communication socket in a railway passenger car. Background Technology

[0002] Railway passenger cars achieve seamless communication between vehicles in a trainset via end-of-car communication connectors. These connectors transmit various information between vehicles, such as announcements, operating status of the integrated control cabinet, and axle reports. The 25T type passenger car also transmits video, fireworks, door access control, and information about the bogies and brake systems. The 25G / 25T type ordinary passenger cars use the TL39AC500V / 15TG type communication socket, a 39-pin communication socket. This socket contains door access control lines, a 110V busbar, broadcast lines, axle temperature alarm signal lines, adjacent car power supply control lines, and network communication lines. Each car has four 39-pin communication connector sockets at its four corners, connected by wires. The connection relationships differ slightly between different car models (but the connector socket and plug model, appearance, and size are consistent). During passenger car maintenance, the polarity, wire number, and wire sequence of each signal line must be checked one by one. The wiring work for the 39-core communication connector (TL39AC500V / 15TG type communication connector) requires two people working together using walkie-talkies and multimeters due to the large number of core cables. One person short-circuits one end of the cable to the vehicle body, while the other person uses a multimeter to check for continuity with the vehicle body at the other end. They then verify the connection via walkie-talkie. This method requires two people working simultaneously, and because of the large number of cables and the different continuity positions depending on the vehicle model, manually calling and responding to each cable individually is inefficient and prone to errors. Furthermore, in actual maintenance, wiring is often done with empty wire bundles, and there is no tooling or solution that can meet the requirements for testing railway passenger car communication connectors under load and online testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a wiring device and method for a 39-pin communication connector in railway passenger cars. The wiring device requires a detection signal transmitting unit to send detection commands, generating multiple signals needed for wiring, which are then sent to each pin of the communication connector and transmitted to the remaining connectors via communication cables. A detection signal receiving unit then receives and displays the signals from the sender. The signal transmitting device has a command receiving function and can send signals according to the testing needs of maintenance personnel. At the signal receiving end, the signal receiving device should accurately display the wire number information and be able to determine cable faults, thereby achieving the testing purpose. Specifically, the method of this invention is as follows:

[0004] The pairing device for the 39-core communication socket in railway passenger cars includes:

[0005] The detection signal transmission unit includes a 39-pin connector plug A, an optocoupler isolation drive circuit, a microcontroller A, a wireless serial communication module, a power supply component A, and a housing A;

[0006] The detection signal receiving unit includes a 39-pin connector plug B, an operation keyboard, a digital tube display module, a microcontroller B, a wireless serial communication module, an LED light detection circuit module, a power supply component B, and a housing B.

[0007] Each pin of the 39-pin connector plug A is connected to the 24-pin plugs of two optocoupler isolation drive circuits via wires; the detection signal transmission unit is equipped with a total of 32 optocoupler isolation drive circuits. The input end of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit is connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller A, and the output end is divided into two groups, which are connected to two 24-pin sockets respectively, and then connected to the pins of the 39-pin plug via wires through the 24-pin plugs.

[0008] Each pin of the 39-pin connector plug B is connected to the LED light detection circuit module via a wire; the signal input ports of the operation keyboard and the digital tube display module are respectively connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller B via wires.

[0009] The power supply component A supplies power to the microcontroller A and the optocoupler isolation drive circuit; the power supply component B supplies power to the microcontroller B and the LED lamp detection circuit module.

[0010] Furthermore, the LED lamp detection circuit module includes a grounding pin detection circuit and a communication pin detection circuit. The grounding pin detection circuit has six LED lamp branches. The positive power supply of the grounding pin detection circuit is 3.6V. After passing through a 1KΩ resistor, the power supply is connected to the anode of the corresponding LED lamp in the pin detection circuit. The cathode of the LED lamp is connected to the tail end of each grounding pin of the 39-pin connector plug B. The 3.6V negative power supply is connected to the outer shell of the 39-pin connector plug B. When the 39-pin connector plug is inserted into the 39-pin socket, the pull rod handle is pressed, i.e., the outer shell of the 39-pin connector plug B is closed. The body is connected to the vehicle body and the grounding pin to form a grounding detection circuit; the common line of the communication pin detection circuit uses a No. 17 pin; the detection signal transmitting unit is connected to the communication pin detection circuit of the detection signal receiving unit through a 39-pin communication socket, a through wire in the vehicle body, and another 39-pin communication socket, and the power supply is connected to the anode of the LED light, and the cathode of the LED light is connected in parallel to the common line of the No. 17 pin; after the No. 17 pin of the 39-pin plug of the detection signal transmitting unit is connected to the 4th pin of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit, it is connected to the power supply of the detection signal transmitting unit to form a detection circuit.

[0011] Furthermore, the LED light detection circuit module also includes a load detection circuit, which includes a power supply regulator module and a comparator circuit module. The power supply regulator module converts 0.2-2.5V power to 5V, and the comparator circuit module is connected to pins 10 and 11, which can accurately detect and display the path of pin 10 or pin 11.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing A is a cuboid with an openable outer cover on one side, and an insulating layer inside the housing A; the side of the housing A has a charging interface, a switch port, and an antenna port, and the housing A is threaded to the tail end of the 39-pin connector plug A; the optocoupler isolation drive circuit, microcontroller A, wireless serial communication module, and power supply component A are installed inside the housing A.

[0013] Furthermore, the housing B is a cuboid with a movable, openable outer cover on one side. The surface of housing B is equipped with an LED display panel, a digital display module, and an operation keyboard. The LED display panel is engraved with the corresponding number for the 39-pin socket. Housing B is threaded to the tail end of the 39-pin connector plug B. The side of housing B has a charging interface, a switch port, and an antenna port. The microcontroller B, wireless serial communication module, ...

[0014] The LED light detection circuit module and power supply component B are installed inside the housing B.

[0015] Furthermore, in the LED light detection circuit module, the pin positions of the LED light arrangement panel correspond one-to-one with the positions of the 39-pin communication connector base panel, and the pin detection circuit that needs to be detected uses green LEDs, unused pins use red LEDs, and the ground wire uses yellow LEDs; the detection signal transmission unit is also equipped with two spare optocoupler isolation drive circuits.

[0016] The wiring method for the wiring device of the 39-core communication socket in railway passenger cars is to sequentially perform grounding pin testing and communication pin testing; the grounding pin testing includes the following steps:

[0017] S1.1 Check and confirm that the battery of the vehicle being tested is disconnected, and use a multimeter in DC voltage mode to check that there is no power in the DC110V socket;

[0018] S1.2 Connect the detection signal receiving unit to the 39-pin socket on the vehicle end, turn on the grounding detection power switch, and observe the lighting status of the corresponding grounding indicator light. If the light is on, it means that the corresponding pin is well grounded to the vehicle body. If the light is not on, it means that the corresponding pin is not connected to the vehicle body and further inspection is required. After the grounding pin test is completed, turn off the power switch.

[0019] The communication pin detection includes the following steps:

[0020] S2.1 Connect the detection signal transmitting unit and the detection signal receiving unit to the two 39-pin communication sockets on the vehicle under test, and turn on their respective power supplies;

[0021] S2.2, test each pin sequentially by pin number. First, confirm that the numbers displayed on the digital tube display module are in their initial state. Then, input the pin number to be tested via the keypad. Observe whether the corresponding indicator light on the detection signal receiving unit is lit. If it is lit, it indicates that the pin is correctly connected; if it is not lit, it indicates an open circuit. If other pin numbers are lit, it indicates a cross-connection between the communication socket pins. Continue testing until pin number 39. Simultaneously, the "Auto Detection" function on the keypad can be selected to automatically cycle through all pins for testing. Note that pins 12, 17, 21, 24, 34, and 35 are grounded pins, and their corresponding indicator lights will not light up. Pin 20 is also left floating, and its corresponding indicator light will not light up.

[0022] S2.3 Each vehicle has four 39-pin communication sockets. The communication sockets of different models include three connection methods: "connection between the four sockets", "connection on the same side", and "connection at the same end". The number of tests and the insertion position vary depending on the connection method. The wiring is completed after all the 39-pin communication sockets to be tested are tested.

[0023] Furthermore, the grounding pins for different vehicle models are different in the grounding pin detection. The grounding pins corresponding to the 25G model are No. 17 and No. 24; the grounding pins corresponding to the 25T model are No. 12, No. 17, No. 21, No. 24, and No. 35; and the grounding pins corresponding to AC380V are No. 17 and No. 21. Among them, pin No. 17 is the negative power line for the connection used by the detection signal sending unit and the detection signal receiving unit.

[0024] Furthermore, step S2.2 can be replaced by automatic cyclic detection or direct matching detection. For automatic cyclic detection, the operation keyboard issues a detection command when the numbers displayed on the digital tube display module are in the initial state. The detection signal sending unit automatically sends detection signals one by one according to the pin numbers, up to pin number 39, in a cycle. At this time, it is only necessary to observe whether the indicator lights on the detection signal receiving unit are displayed correctly in the correct order. If the corresponding indicator light is not lit, it indicates a fault in the corresponding pin circuit. If the signals are not displayed in the correct order, it indicates a wire misalignment, and manual detection should be used for judgment. For direct matching detection, simply input the corresponding pin number on the keyboard. The detection signal sending unit will maintain its output state. Observe whether the indicator lights on the detection signal receiving unit correspond to the input pin number.

[0025] Further, the different vehicle models mentioned in step S2.3 include the 25T model, the 25G model, the model with adjacent vehicle power supply, and the AC380V model; the pins that must be tested when testing the 25T model are 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 23, 29, 30, 31, and 32; the pins that must be tested when testing the 25G model are 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 29, 30, 31, 32, 18, and 23; the pins that must be tested when testing the AC380V model are 10, 11, 15, and 16; and the pins that must be tested when testing the model with adjacent vehicle power supply are 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 22, 28, 18, and 23. 29, 30, 31, 32; Among them, the 39-pin communication socket with "same-end interconnection" connection method for the adjacent vehicle power supply type has pins 22 and 28 "same-end interconnection". When testing the adjacent vehicle power supply type, you need to first insert the detection signal sending unit into one of the communication sockets, use the detection signal receiving unit to test the other three communication sockets, and then insert the detection signal sending unit into one of the communication sockets on the first opposite end, use the detection signal receiving unit to test the other communication socket on the same end. After testing one end of the vehicle body, switch to the other end for testing.

[0026] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0027] The detection signal receiving unit 2 uses the operation keyboard 22 to send a detection command to the detection signal sending unit 1 via the wireless module. The microcontroller of the detection signal sending unit 1 controls the optocoupler isolation drive circuit to send a signal according to the received command. After the signal passes through the 39-pin communication socket of the detection signal sending unit 1, the connecting wire, and the 39-pin communication socket of the detection signal receiving unit 2, the corresponding LED light is lit in the detection signal receiving unit 2. The maintenance personnel confirm whether the pin position of the pin is correct and whether the connecting wire or the pin is well connected without any broken or mixed wires by checking whether the LED light at that position is lit.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0029] (i) When using the device for line connection, a wireless transceiver module is used for communication. The microcontroller sends and receives detection signals, and the corresponding path status is displayed intuitively by LED lights. The detection efficiency is high, and only one person is needed to complete the entire detection process.

[0030] (II) This device enables the wiring of 39-pin communication connectors compatible with various vehicle models, meets the different testing requirements between the four communication connectors, and does not require disconnecting the on-vehicle equipment connected to the 39-pin communication connector during wiring; only the power supply needs to be disconnected. It offers a variety of testing methods, including individual testing of a single wire via the keyboard and automatic scanning. Maintenance personnel only need to check whether the LED light illumination status meets the normal status requirements of the continuity meter of the communication connector to determine whether there are faults such as mixed wiring or broken wiring.

[0031] (III) The device uses an input voltage of 5V and a load detection circuit for low-impedance pins, which overcomes the interference of high-impedance or low-impedance loads between the pins of the communication connector and realizes comprehensive online detection for all pins. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a connection diagram of the device described in this invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the detection signal transmission unit described in this invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the detection signal transmitting unit described in this invention from another angle;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the detection signal transmitting unit described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the detection signal receiving unit described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view of the detection signal receiving unit described in this invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the detection signal receiving unit described in this invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the 25GDE 39-pin plug and indicator light circuit for the vehicle model described in this invention.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1—Detection signal transmission unit, 11—39-pin connector plug A, 12—Charging interface, 13—Antenna, 14—Power switch;

[0042] 2—Detection signal receiving unit; 21—39-pin connector plug B; 22—Operation keypad; 23—Digital tube display module; 24—LED light detection circuit module. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the technical means, inventive features, and objectives of this invention easier to understand, the technical solution of this invention will be further explained below with reference to the embodiments and specific implementation methods of the 39-core communication socket for railway passenger cars.

[0044] like Figure 1-8 As shown, specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0045] The pairing device for the 39-pin communication socket in a railway passenger car includes a detection signal transmitting unit 1 and a detection signal receiving unit 2. The detection signal transmitting unit 1 includes a 39-pin connector plug A11, an optocoupler isolation drive circuit, a microcontroller A, a wireless serial communication module, a power supply component A, and a housing A. The detection signal receiving unit 2 includes a 39-pin connector plug B21, an operation keyboard 22, a digital tube display module 23, a microcontroller B, a wireless serial communication module, an LED light detection circuit module 24, a power supply component B, and a housing B.

[0046] The housing A of the detection signal transmitting unit 1 is made of thin iron sheet and is rectangular. The inside is protected by insulating rubber. The front is a cover structure, which is closed by hinges and buckles. The buckle side has an opening to install and fix the boat-shaped power switch 14. The other side has two battery charging ports. When charging, the output line of the charger is plugged into the TYP-C charging module. After the battery is fully charged, the charging line is unplugged. At the same time, the antenna 13 port of the wireless communication module is reserved on this side. The wire is placed outside the metal housing to ensure normal wireless signal reception. A rectangular hole is opened on the bottom side of the top of the housing of the detection signal transmitting unit 1. The hole is protected by insulating tape. The wire connecting the optocoupler isolation drive circuit and the 39-pin connector plug A11 passes through the middle. The housing of the detection signal transmitting unit 1 and the tail end of the 39-pin connector plug A11 are connected by a screw-like clip. The upper end of the screw-like clip is a screw inside a round tube, and the lower end is a semi-circular clip. The semi-circular clip is fixed to the housing with screws, so that the 39-pin connector plug A11 and the housing A form a whole, which serves as the detection signal transmitting unit 1.

[0047] The internal structure of the detection signal transmitting unit 1 housing is arranged in three layers (top, middle, and bottom), using pin header sockets for connection. The top and bottom layers utilize perforated boards and related electronic components to create optocoupler isolation drive circuits, connected to 39-pin connector wires via two 24-pin connectors and plugs. Two charging modules are fixed to the surface of the top optocoupler isolation drive circuit board. Their inputs are connected to the 18650 battery box via two-pin plugs and wires, and their outputs are connected to the optocoupler isolation drive circuit or the STM32F407VET6 core board via wires. The middle layer houses the STM32F407VET6 core board, which is connected to the top and bottom optocoupler isolation drive circuit boards. Space for the battery and battery box is provided at the bottom of the detection signal transmitting unit 1 housing A, where the battery box is secured with bolts.

[0048] The 39-pin connector plug A11 uses a communication connector plug (male pin end) that is compatible with the 39-pin communication connector socket (female pin end) of railway passenger cars. The entire assembly consists of a housing, pins, and retaining clips. Each pin is connected to the 24-pin plugs of two optocoupler isolation drive circuits via wires. The optocoupler isolation drive circuit consists of an optocoupler (P521), a PNP transistor (2N5401), and resistors (1KΩ, 5KΩ, 330Ω). The detection signal transmission unit 1 contains 34 optocoupler isolation drive circuits, with 2 as backups. The input of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit is connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller A, and the output is divided into two groups, each connected to one of the two 24-pin sockets. The 24-pin plugs are then soldered to the pins of the 39-pin plug via wires.

[0049] The microcontroller A model is the STM32F407 minimum system board, and the core board used is the STM32F407VET6. The I / O port of the STM32F407VET6 core board is connected to pin 1 (anode) of the optocoupler input through a 1KΩ resistor. Pin 2 (cathode) of the optocoupler input is connected in parallel with the negative terminals of other optocoupler inputs and then connected to the negative terminal of the 3.3V power supply. Pin 4 of the optocoupler output is connected to the base of the transistor through a 5KΩ bias resistor. The +5V power supply is connected to the collector of the transistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to a 24-pin socket through a 330Ω resistor. The pins of the 24-pin socket are soldered to the pins of the 39-pin connector through wires. The 3.3V signal output from the I / O port of the STM32F407VET6 core board lights up the LED of the optocoupler, making the secondary side of the optocoupler conduct. This, in turn, makes the collector and emitter of the transistor conduct. After the transistor conducts, the DC 5V positive power supply is connected through the collector and emitter of the transistor, the 330Ω current-limiting resistor, and the male pin of the 39-pin connector.

[0050] The STM32F407VET6 core board in detection signal transmitting unit 1 receives test commands from detection signal receiving unit 2 via a wireless receiver module. Following the software control code written within the STM32F407VET6 core board, it sequentially outputs high-level signals from its I / O ports and connects them to the optocoupler driver circuit. The serial port of the STM32F407VET6 core board is connected to the wireless communication module of the signal transmitting end. The I / O ports of the STM32F407VET6 core board are connected to the optocoupler isolation driver circuit. The DC5V power input port of the STM32F407VET6 core board is connected to the power supply component A inside detection signal transmitting unit 1.

[0051] The wireless serial communication module includes a communication module and an antenna 13. The antenna 13 is connected to the module via a dedicated antenna connection port. The wireless serial communication module is used for wireless communication between the detection signal transmitting unit 1 and the detection signal receiving unit 2. The wireless serial communication module within the detection signal transmitting unit 1 is connected to the serial communication port of the STM32F407VET6 core board inside the detection signal transmitting unit 1. The 3.3V power supply for the wireless serial communication module is soldered into the 3.3V power supply port of the STM32F407VET6 core board inside the detection signal transmitting unit 1.

[0052] Power supply component A consists of two 18650 lithium batteries and a battery box (which can reach 4.1V after charging from 3.7V), two battery charging modules, and a power switch 14. The TYPE-C charging module is used to charge the batteries using an external AC220V to DC5V charger. When the battery is discharging, it outputs two DC5V power supplies: one supplying power to the STM32F407VET6 core board via the switch, and the other supplying power to the +5V of the optocoupler-isolated driver circuit, connected to the collector of the driver circuit via a wire. Power switch 14 is a double-rocker switch, connected in series to the +5V output terminals of the two charging modules. One supply provides ±5V power to the STM32F407VET6 core board, and the other supplies power to the +5V of the optocoupler-isolated driver circuit, connected to the collector of the driver circuit via a wire. The negative terminal is connected to the optocoupler cathode of the optocoupler-isolated driver circuit.

[0053] The housing B of the detection signal receiving unit 2 is a rectangular shell made of PLA biodegradable material. The front is a cover-type structure, sealed tightly with self-tapping screws. The housing surface is divided into three sections: upper, middle, and lower. The upper section also features a three-sided arc-shaped enclosure to prevent glare from affecting the LED lights and to help maintenance personnel clearly see the LED lights' illumination status. The upper section has an LED display panel arranged from top to bottom according to the pin layout of a 39-pin railway passenger car socket, with the 39-pin socket number engraved below the LEDs and marked with white paint. An 8-digit digital display tube is installed in the middle using an opening; a 4x4 keyboard is fixed in the lower section using an opening.

[0054] A round hole is made on the bottom side of the top of the housing B of the detection signal receiving unit 2 and reinforced. The wire connecting the LED detection circuit and the 39-pin plug passes through the middle. The housing of the detection signal receiving / control unit and the tail round opening of the 39-pin connector plug B21 are connected by a screw-like clip. The upper end of the screw-like clip is a screw inside a round tube, and the lower end is a semi-circular clip. The semi-circular clip is fixed to the housing with screws, so that the 39-pin connector plug B21 and the housing B of the detection signal receiving unit 2 form a whole, which serves as the detection signal receiving unit 2.

[0055] The detection signal receiving unit 2, housing B, is arranged in two layers. The upper layer, integrated with the housing cover, contains an LED detection circuit made of a perforated board and related electronic components. This circuit is soldered to the 39-pin connector plug B21 via wires. The LEDs are displayed on the surface through 39 pre-drilled holes in the upper cover. The digital tube and keyboard also extend from inside the housing cover to its surface and are fixed in place. The lower layer houses the microcontroller B (STM32F407 minimum system board, using the STM32F407VET6 core board), power supply module B, wireless serial communication module, and antenna 13. The power supply module B includes a battery compartment and a charging module. Two charging modules are fixed to the bottom of the housing, one above the other. A wireless communication module is located next to it, with its antenna 13 connected and fixed to the right side of the housing. Two rocker-shaped power switches 14 are installed at the bottom of the housing.

[0056] The 39-pin connector plug B21 is identical to the 39-pin connector plug A11. Each pin's tail is connected to the LED detection circuit module 24 via a wire. The signal input ports of the operation keyboard 22 and the digital tube display module 23 are connected to the I / O ports of the microcontroller B via wires. The operation keyboard 22 is a 4x4 matrix keyboard with numbers 0-9 and sixteen keys: *, #, A, B, C, and D. The matrix keyboard and the digital tube display module 23 form a human-machine interface. The keyboard instantly receives the user's input of the wire number or automatic test command, displays it on the digital tube, and sends the wire number and command to the detection signal transmitting unit 1 via the wireless serial communication module on the STM32F407VET6 core board of the microcontroller. The wireless serial communication module in the detection signal receiving unit 2 is identical to that in the detection signal transmitting unit 1. The wireless serial communication module in the detection signal receiving unit 2 is connected to the internal serial communication port of the STM32F407VET6 core board of the detection signal receiving unit 2. The 3.3V power supply for the wireless serial communication module is introduced by soldering wires to the 3.3V power port of the STM32F407VET6 core board inside the detection signal receiving unit 2.

[0057] The LED light detection circuit module 24 includes a grounding pin detection circuit and a communication pin detection circuit. Each pin connected to the 39-pin connector receives a DC 5V signal, causing its corresponding LED to light up, thus determining the pin sequence and continuity. The pin definitions used in the 39-pin connector of the standard 25G and 25T passenger cars are different. Some pins do not need to be tested during actual maintenance. For user convenience, the detection circuit for pins requiring testing uses a green LED, unused pins use a red LED, and the ground wire uses a yellow LED. The grounding pin detection circuit has 6 LED branches. The positive power supply of the grounding pin detection circuit is 3.6V. After passing through a 1KΩ resistor, the power supply is connected to the anode of the corresponding pin detection LED. The cathode of the LED is connected to the tail of each grounding pin of the 39-pin connector plug B21. The 3.6V negative power supply is connected to the shell of the 39-pin connector plug B21. When the 39-pin connector plug is inserted into the 39-pin socket and the pull rod handle is pressed, the shell of the 39-pin connector plug B21 is connected to the vehicle body and the grounding pin to form a grounding detection circuit. Different models of 39-pin sockets all have grounding pins (pins 12, 17, 21, 24, 24, and 35 include the grounding pins on the 39-pin socket of all models). After the detection signal receiving unit 2 is plugged in, the grounding detection switch is turned on. The grounding pin detection LED corresponding to different models lights up (displaying yellow), indicating that the grounding pin of the 39-pin communication socket is grounded well.

[0058] The common line of the communication pin detection circuit uses a No. 17 pin (grounded and continuous in all models); the DC5V output from the detection signal transmitting unit 1 passes through a 39-pin communication connector, a through wire in the vehicle body, and another 39-pin communication connector before reaching the communication pin detection circuit of the receiving signal receiving unit 2. The DC5V is connected from the pin to the anode of the LED light, and the cathode of the LED light is connected in parallel to the common line of the No. 17 pin. The No. 17 pin of the 39-pin connector of the detection signal transmitting unit 1 is connected to pin 4 of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit, and then connected to the -5V of the charging module 2 of the detection signal transmitting unit 1, forming a detection loop. To facilitate operator confirmation of the LED light status and pin positions, the pin positions on the LED light arrangement panel of the detection circuit correspond one-to-one with the positions on the 39-pin communication connector panel (7 rows, 39 LED lights in total).

[0059] The LED light detection circuit module 24 also includes a load detection circuit. In addition to the interconnection between the 39-pin communication connectors of the railway passenger car, some communication lines are also connected to the load on the vehicle. Except for the low impedance between pins 10 and 11 of the broadcast line (which has a speaker), which will affect the measurement, the impedance between the other pins connected to the load is relatively high, but the input voltage is only 5V, which will not affect the measurement (there will be no phenomenon of two LEDs lighting up at the receiving end at the same time), and it can be directly measured online.

[0060] For example, the impedance between pins 10 and 11 of the broadcast cable in the 39-pin communication socket of the 25T bus is only 18-36 ohms. When the signal transmitting plug sends DC5V to pins 10 or 11, the corresponding detection LEDs 10 and 11 at the receiving plug end will light up simultaneously after passing through the cable on the bus. It is not possible to accurately distinguish whether it is pin 10 or pin 11. Therefore, a signal processing circuit with a load between pins 10 and 11 was added to the LED detection circuit.

[0061] This load detection circuit uses an LM339 voltage comparator to achieve load detection under small load conditions. It consists of a 0.2-2.5V to 5V power supply module and an LM339 comparator circuit. Regardless of whether the output signal is pin 10 or 11, after passing through the vehicle cable, the voltage at the receiving end is only about 2V, enough to light an LED but not enough to support stable operation of the LM339. Therefore, pin 10 or 11, after passing through a diode, supplies power to the input of the 5V power supply module, providing a stable DC 5V operating power to the LM339 chip (the LM339 will be unstable below 5V). A voltage difference greater than 10mV between the two input terminals of the LM339 comparator circuit ensures reliable output transition from one state to another, making it suitable for weak signal detection applications. A low-impedance load is connected in parallel between pins 10 and 11. When a DC 5V signal is sent to pin 10, pin 11 at the receiving end will also receive a signal, but there will inevitably be a voltage difference between the receiving end and pin 10 (pin 10 voltage is higher, pin 11 voltage is lower). This will inevitably cause a change in the output state of the two input terminals of the LM339. For example, if the transmitting end sends a signal to pin 10, the inverting input pin 4 (connected to pin 10) of the receiving end LM339 is higher than the non-inverting input pin 5 (pin 11), so the corresponding output pin 2 is low and LED 10 lights up. If the transmitting end sends a signal to pin 11, the inverting input pin 6 (connected to pin 11) of the receiving end LM339 is higher than the non-inverting input pin 7 (pin 10), so the corresponding output pin 1 is low and LED 11 lights up. The above comparison accurately detects and displays the path of pins 10 or 11. Similarly, this method of using the LM339 comparator circuit for load detection can also be used in other situations where small loads and small voltages are detected.

[0062] Furthermore, in the LED lamp detection circuit module 24, the pin positions of the LED lamp arrangement panel correspond one-to-one with the positions of the 39-pin communication connector base panel. The pin detection circuit that needs to be tested uses green LEDs, the unused pins use red LEDs, and the ground wire uses yellow LEDs. The detection signal transmission unit 1 is also equipped with two spare optocoupler isolation drive circuits.

[0063] Power supply component B consists of two 18650 lithium batteries and battery boxes (which can reach 4.1V after charging from 3.7V), two battery charging modules, and a power switch (14), forming two independent power supplies. The TYPE-C charging module is used to charge the batteries using an external AC220V to DC5V charger. One battery, battery box, charging module, and switch form a power circuit to supply power to the "grounding pin detection circuit". The other battery, battery box, and charging module form a power circuit and switch to supply power to the communication pin detection circuit and the load detection circuit, providing DC5V power. The power switch 14 is a single-gang rocker switch, connected in series to the +5V output terminals of the two charging modules. One circuit supplies power to the "grounding pin detection circuit", and the other circuit supplies power to the communication pin detection circuit and the load detection circuit.

[0064] The wiring method for the wiring device of the 39-core communication socket in railway passenger cars is to sequentially test the grounding pin and then the communication pin; the grounding pin test includes the following steps:

[0065] S1.1 Check and confirm that the battery of the vehicle being tested is disconnected, and use a multimeter in DC voltage mode to check that there is no power in the DC110V socket;

[0066] S1.2, connect the detection signal receiving unit 2 to the 39-pin socket at the car end, turn on the grounding detection power switch 14, and observe the illumination of the corresponding grounding indicator light. If the light is on, it indicates that the corresponding pin is properly grounded to the car body. If the light is off, it means that the corresponding pin is not connected to the car body and requires further inspection. After the grounding pin test is completed, turn off the power switch 14. Different car models have different pins connected to the car body, and the indicator lights will also illuminate differently. Pin "17" is the negative power line shared by the transmitting and receiving devices. Below is a table showing the pin correspondence between the 39-pin socket pins and the car body for the three existing railway passenger car models.

[0067]

[0068] Communication pin testing includes the following steps:

[0069] S2.1 Connect the detection signal transmitting unit 1 and the detection signal receiving unit 2 to the 39-pin communication socket on the vehicle under test, and turn on their respective power supplies;

[0070] S2.2, test each pin sequentially. First, confirm that the number displayed on the digital tube display module 23 is the initial state power switch 14, and confirm that the last 4 digits of the digital tube display show "0000" (ignore the first 4 digits). Then begin the testing operation. There are three testing methods. The first method is to manually operate the keyboard 22 to test each pin starting from pin "1". That is, first press the keyboard "1", and the digital tube will display "0001". Then observe whether indicator light 1 of the test signal receiving unit 2 is lit. If it is lit, it means that the corresponding wire 1 between the two 39-pin sockets is connected correctly. If it is not lit, it means that the wiring between the two sockets is not connected (i.e., it indicates an open circuit). If other indicator lights are lit on the receiving end, it means that there is a cross-connection in the communication socket pins. After testing pin 1, press the keyboard "*" key once to test pin 2. At this time, the digital tube displays "0002". Observe whether indicator light 2 is lit, and judge as above. Press the "*" key again to test pin 3 in sequence, and so on until pin 39. It is important to note that pins 12, 17, 21, 24, 24, and 35 are grounding pins, and the corresponding indicator lights will not light up. Pin 20 is also left floating, and the corresponding light will not light up either.

[0071] The second method is automatic loop detection. With the digital display showing "0000", press the "A" key once to automatically send detection signals starting from "1", increasing sequentially until a cycle of 39 is completed, and then automatically looping. At this time, simply observe whether the indicator lights on the receiver are displayed correctly in the correct sequence. If the indicator light that should be lit is not lit, it indicates a fault in the corresponding pin circuit. If the signals are not displayed in the correct sequence, it indicates a misconnection, and manual detection should be used for further judgment.

[0072] The third method is to directly test a wire. Simply enter the corresponding pin number on the keyboard (1-9 can be directly pressed with the corresponding number key; when selecting 10-39, the second digit needs to be entered quickly, otherwise the second digit is considered as an odd number). The digital tube should display the corresponding number, and the detection signal sending unit 1 will maintain its output state.

[0073] Each vehicle has four 39-pin communication sockets. Depending on the vehicle model, there may be instances of "interconnection between the four sockets," "interconnection on the same side," or "interconnection at the same end." Therefore, two rounds of testing are required for complete detection. The first test involves randomly inserting the signal transmitting unit 1 into one communication socket and using the signal receiving unit 2 to test the other three. The second test is performed based on whether the four sockets are "interconnected on the same side" or "interconnected at the same end" for the vehicle model. For example, the fixed insertion position of the transmitting device varies depending on the vehicle model. For vehicles powered by a neighboring vehicle, the testing method is as follows: Insert the signal transmitting unit 1 into one end of the communication socket and test all sockets. Then, it must be switched to the other end and tested again. This is because for vehicles powered by a neighboring vehicle, two wires (pins 22 and 28) are connected between the 39-pin sockets at the same end, preventing missed detections. For other vehicle models, the signal transmitting unit 1 only needs to be switched between the two communication sockets at the same end for testing. The following are the testing standards for various common vehicle models.

[0074]

[0075] The lights that must be lit are those that must be measured according to the inspection standards for this model. The lights that will also be lit are because the communication connector of this model is equipped with a cable, but it is not required to be measured. However, these pins are also tested during automatic detection.

[0076] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A wire-connecting device for a 39-core communication socket in a railway passenger car, characterized in that, include: The detection signal transmission unit (1) includes a 39-pin connector plug A (11), an optocoupler isolation drive circuit, a microcontroller A, a wireless serial communication module, a power supply component A, and a housing A; The detection signal receiving unit (2) includes a 39-pin connector plug B (21), an operation keyboard (22), a digital tube display module (23), a microcontroller B, a wireless serial communication module, an LED light detection circuit module (24), a power supply component B, and a housing B; Each pin of the 39-pin connector plug A (11) is connected to the 24-pin plugs of two optocoupler isolation drive circuits via wires; the detection signal sending unit (1) is equipped with a total of 32 optocoupler isolation drive circuits. The input end of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit is connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller A, and the output end is divided into two groups and connected to two 24-pin sockets respectively. The pins of the 24-pin plugs are then connected to the pins of the 39-pin plugs via wires. The tail end of each pin of the 39-pin connector plug B (21) is connected to the LED light detection circuit module (24) by a wire; the signal input ports of the operation keyboard (22) and the digital tube display module (23) are respectively connected to the I / O port of the microcontroller B by wires. The power supply component A supplies power to the microcontroller A and the optocoupler isolation drive circuit; the power supply component B supplies power to the microcontroller B and the LED lamp detection circuit module (24); The LED lamp detection circuit module (24) includes a grounding pin detection circuit and a communication pin detection circuit. The grounding pin detection circuit has 6 LED lamp branches. The positive power supply of the grounding pin detection circuit is 3.6V. After passing through a 1KΩ resistor, the power supply is connected to the anode of the corresponding pin detection circuit LED lamp. The cathode of the LED lamp is connected to the tail end of each grounding pin of the 39-pin connector plug B (21). The 3.6V negative power supply is connected to the outer shell of the 39-pin connector plug B (21). The common line of the communication pin detection circuit uses a No. 17 pin. The detection signal sending unit (1) is connected to the communication pin detection circuit of the detection signal receiving unit (2) through a 39-pin communication socket, a vehicle body through wire, and another 39-pin communication socket. The power supply is connected to the anode of the LED lamp. The cathode of the LED lamp is connected in parallel to the common line of the No. 17 pin. After the No. 17 pin of the 39-pin plug of the detection signal sending unit (1) is connected to the 4th pin of the optocoupler isolation drive circuit, it is connected to the power supply of the detection signal receiving unit (2) to form a detection loop. The LED lamp detection circuit module (24) also includes a load detection circuit, which includes a power supply regulator module and a comparison circuit module. The power supply regulator module converts 0.2-2.5V power to 5V. The comparison circuit module is connected to pins 10 and 11 and can accurately detect and display the path of pin 10 or pin 11. The housing A is a cuboid with an openable outer cover on one side. An insulating layer is provided inside the housing A. A charging interface (12), a switch port, and an antenna port are provided on the side of the housing A. The housing A is threadedly connected to the tail end of the 39-pin connector plug A (11). The optocoupler isolation drive circuit, microcontroller A, wireless serial communication module, and power supply component A are installed inside the housing A.

2. The wire-connecting device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The housing B is a cuboid with an openable outer cover on one side. The surface of the housing B is provided with an LED light display panel, a digital display module and an operation keyboard (22). The LED light display panel is engraved with the corresponding number of the 39-pin socket. The housing B is connected to the tail end of the 39-pin connector plug B (21) by a round thread. The side of the housing B is provided with a charging interface (12), a switch port and an antenna port (13). The microcontroller B, the wireless serial communication module, the LED light detection circuit module (24) and the power supply component B are installed inside the housing B.

3. The wire-connecting device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the LED lamp detection circuit module (24), the pin positions of the LED lamp arrangement panel correspond one-to-one with the positions of the 39-pin communication connector base panel. The pin detection circuit that needs to be detected uses green LEDs, the unused pins use red LEDs, and the ground wire uses yellow LEDs. The detection signal sending unit (1) is also equipped with two spare optical coupler isolation drive circuits.

4. The wiring method of the wiring device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding pin and communication pin are tested sequentially; the grounding pin test includes the following steps: S1.1, Check and confirm that the battery of the vehicle being tested is disconnected, and use a multimeter to measure the DC voltage. The circuit breaker detected that the DC110V socket had no power. S1.2 Connect the detection signal receiving unit (2) to the 39-pin socket at the vehicle end, turn on the ground detection power switch (14), and observe the lighting status of the corresponding ground indicator light. If the light is on, it means that the corresponding pin is grounded well with the vehicle body. If the light is not on, it means that the corresponding pin is not connected to the vehicle body and needs further inspection. After the grounding pin test is completed, turn off the power switch (14). The communication pin detection includes the following steps: S2.1 Connect the detection signal transmitting unit (1) and the detection signal receiving unit (2) to the two 39-pin communication sockets on the test vehicle end respectively, and turn on their respective power supplies; S2.2, check each pin number one by one. First, confirm that the number displayed on the digital tube display module (23) is in the initial state. Then, input the pin number to be tested through the operation keyboard (22). Then observe whether the indicator light of the corresponding pin number on the detection signal receiving unit (2) is lit. If it is lit, it means that the pin number is connected correctly. If it is not lit, it means that there is an open circuit. If other pin numbers are lit, it means that there is a cross-connection between the communication socket pins. Check the pin number 39 in sequence. S2.3 Each vehicle has four 39-pin communication sockets. The communication sockets of different models have three connection methods: "interconnection between the four sockets", "interconnection on the same side" and "interconnection at the same end". The number of tests and the insertion position vary depending on the connection method. The wiring is completed after all the 39-pin communication sockets to be tested are tested.

5. The wiring method of the wiring device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The grounding pins for different vehicle models are different. For the 25G model, the grounding pins are No. 17 and No. 24; for the 25T model, the grounding pins are No. 12, No. 17, No. 21, No. 24 and No. 35; and for AC380V, the grounding pins are No. 17 and No.

21. Among them, No. 17 is the negative power line used by the detection signal sending unit (1) and the detection signal receiving unit (2).

6. The wiring method of the wiring device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Step S2.2 can also be replaced by automatic loop detection or direct number matching detection; the automatic loop detection uses the operation keyboard (22) to issue a detection command when the number displayed on the digital tube display module (23) is in the initial state. The detection signal sending unit (1) automatically sends detection signals one by one according to the pin number until the 39th number is a cycle, and automatically loops; at this time, it is only necessary to observe whether the indicator light of the detection signal receiving unit (2) is displayed correctly in the correct order. If the corresponding indicator light is not lit, it means that the corresponding pin line is faulty. If it is not displayed in the corresponding order, it means that the line is mixed. At this time, the manual detection method is used to make a judgment; the direct number matching detection only requires inputting the corresponding pin number on the keyboard. At this time, the detection signal sending unit (1) will keep the output state unchanged. It is only necessary to observe whether the lighting of the indicator light of the detection signal receiving unit (2) corresponds to the input pin number.

7. The wiring method of the wiring device for the 39-core communication socket of a railway passenger car as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The different vehicle models mentioned in step S2.3 include the 25T model, the 25G model, the model with adjacent vehicle power supply, and AC380V. When testing the 25T model, the pins that must be tested are 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 23, 29, 30, 31, and 32. When testing the 25G model, the pins that must be tested are 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 29, 30, 31, 32, 18, and 23. When testing the AC380V model, the pins that must be tested are 10, 11, 15, and 16. When testing the model with adjacent vehicle power supply, the pins that must be tested are 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 22, 28, 18, 23, 29, 30, 31, and 32. Among them, the model with adjacent vehicle power supply has pin 39 with a "same-end connection" method. The core communication socket has pins 22 and 28 connected at the same end. When testing a neighboring vehicle's power supply type, the detection signal sending unit (1) needs to be inserted into one of the communication sockets first, and the detection signal receiving unit (2) needs to be used to test the other three communication sockets. Then, the detection signal sending unit (1) is inserted into one of the communication sockets at the first opposite end, and the detection signal receiving unit (2) needs to be used to test the other communication socket at the same end. After testing one end of the vehicle body, the test is then performed at the other end.

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