A method of reducing overburn in laser cutting

Abstract

The application discloses a method for reducing overburning of laser cutting, and relates to the technical field of reducing overburning of laser cutting, and comprises the following steps: segmenting a route to be cut and adopting a multi-segment cutting track; using different cutting speeds, air pressures and powers for each segment of the cutting track; and adjusting a cutting angle of a cutting head and using different cutting angles for each segment of the cutting track. The application changes one-time cutting into multi-segment cutting, and uses different cutting speeds, air pressures and powers for each segment of the cutting track, so that the overburning of the cutting surface is reduced or even avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of reducing overheating during laser cutting, specifically a method for reducing overheating during laser cutting. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the common cutting method is robotic 3D laser cutting. However, when using robotic 3D laser cutting to cut regular shapes (such as circles or slots) on the surface of a round tube, the robot uses its built-in regular shape program trajectory for cutting. When the cutting surface is a large arc, the cutting head cuts according to a single programmed posture, and the process parameters are set only once. This easily leads to overheating at the edges or at repeated points. Based on this, a method to reduce laser cutting overheating is designed. By using irregular trajectory cutting, the fixed program trajectory is changed to a trajectory composed of multiple arc segments, ensuring the consistency of the cutting posture, significantly improving the cutting effect, and solving the problem of localized overheating when cutting round holes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method to reduce overheating in laser cutting. This method changes one-time cutting to multi-segment cutting, and uses different cutting speeds, air pressures and power for each segment of the cutting trajectory to reduce or even avoid overheating of the cutting surface. By adjusting the cutting angle of the cutting head and using different cutting angles for each segment of the cutting trajectory, the overheating of the cutting surface can also be effectively reduced or even avoided.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for reducing overburning during laser cutting, the method comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. The route that needs to be cut is segmented and multi-segment cutting trajectory is used.

[0006] S2. Use different cutting speeds, air pressures, and power for each cutting trajectory segment.

[0007] S3. Adjust the cutting angle of the cutting head and use a different cutting angle for each cutting trajectory.

[0008] In step S1, the following applies when laser cutting regular shapes:

[0009] When cutting a round hole, the cutting path is segmented into one straight line from the center to the arc and four small arcs. When cutting a strip hole, the cutting path is segmented into one straight line from the center to the arc, two straight lines, and two small arcs.

[0010] In step S1, the following applies when laser cutting irregular shapes:

[0011] When cutting irregular shapes, the cutting path is segmented, and the number of segments is determined by the number of arcs in the irregular shape.

[0012] In step S2, the cutting speed when cutting an arc is higher than the cutting speed when cutting a straight line, the cutting air pressure when cutting an arc is lower than the cutting air pressure when cutting a straight line, and the cutting power when cutting an arc is lower than the cutting power when cutting a straight line.

[0013] The cutting air pressure when cutting an arc is 0.1 MPa lower than the cutting air pressure when cutting a straight line.

[0014] In step S3, when the cutting head cuts a straight line, the cutting head is perpendicular to the cutting surface; when the cutting head cuts an arc, the angle formed between the cutting head and the cutting surface is an acute angle.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] 1. The original robotic 3D laser cutting is completed in one go. This method does not change the cutting speed, cutting air pressure and cutting power during the cutting process. Although it can complete the cutting in one go, it is easy to cause the cutting surface to overheat. The present invention changes the one-time cutting to multi-segment cutting, and uses different cutting speed, air pressure and power in each segment of the cutting trajectory to reduce or even avoid the overheating of the cutting surface.

[0017] 2. By adjusting the cutting angle of the cutting head, the present invention can effectively reduce or even avoid overheating of the cutting surface by using different cutting angles for each cutting trajectory. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during laser cutting of a strip hole;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the cutting head at different angles when laser cutting strip holes;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during laser cutting of a circular hole;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the product after laser cutting a circular hole;

[0022] In the diagram: 1 - Cutting head. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a method for reducing overburning during laser cutting includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. The cutting path is segmented using a multi-segment cutting trajectory. When laser cutting regular shapes: for example, when cutting a circular hole, the cutting path is segmented into a straight line from the center to the arc and four small arcs. When cutting a strip-shaped hole, the cutting path is segmented into a straight line from the center to the arc, two straight lines, and two small arcs. When laser cutting irregular shapes, the cutting path is segmented, with the number of segments determined by the number of arcs in the irregular shape. For example, if the irregular shape has 10 small arcs, it is divided into a straight line from the center to the arc and 10 small arcs.

[0028] S2. Set different process parameters such as cutting speed, air pressure, and power for each cutting trajectory segment; the cutting speed when cutting an arc is higher than the cutting speed when cutting a straight line, the cutting air pressure when cutting an arc is lower than the cutting air pressure when cutting a straight line, and the cutting air pressure when cutting an arc is 0.1MPa lower than the cutting air pressure when cutting a straight line. The cutting air pressure does not need to be lowered much to ensure cutting force. At the same time, a slightly lower cutting air pressure can effectively reduce or even avoid the occurrence of overheating of the cutting surface. The cutting power when cutting an arc is lower than the cutting power when cutting a straight line.

[0029] S3. Adjust the cutting angle of cutting head 1, using a different cutting angle for each cutting trajectory. When cutting head 1 cuts a straight line, cutting head 1 is perpendicular to the cutting surface; when cutting head 1 cuts an arc, the angle formed between cutting head 1 and the cutting surface is an acute angle, that is, the cutting end of cutting head 1 points to the inside of the arc, and the end of cutting head 1 fixed to the equipment points to the outside of the arc. This changes the cross-sectional shape of the cutting surface while ensuring consistency between the cutting angle and the changes in the cutting surface, significantly improving the cutting effect and solving the problem of local overheating of the cutting surface.

[0030] This method enables the cutting of shaped holes on the curved surfaces of products with different wall thicknesses and sizes. After actual production use, the method has proven to be stable, reliable, efficient, and effective, achieving the desired improvement.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of reducing overburn in laser cutting, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1, segmenting the cutting path, using multi-segment cutting trajectory, the following is the laser cutting regular shape: When cutting a circular hole, the cutting path is segmented into a straight line from the center to the arc and four small arcs; when cutting a strip hole, the cutting path is segmented into a straight line from the center to the arc, two straight lines and two small arcs; when cutting an irregular shape, the cutting path is segmented according to the number of arcs in the irregular shape; S2, using different cutting speed, gas pressure and power for each segment of the cutting path, the cutting speed when cutting the arc is higher than that when cutting the straight line, the cutting gas pressure when cutting the arc is lower than that when cutting the straight line, and the cutting power when cutting the arc is lower than that when cutting the straight line; S3, adjusting the cutting angle of the cutting head (1), using different cutting angles for each segment of the cutting path, when the cutting head (1) cuts a straight line, the cutting head (1) is perpendicular to the cutting surface; when the cutting head (1) cuts an arc, the included angle between the cutting head (1) and the cutting surface is an acute angle, the cutting end of the cutting head (1) points to the inside of the arc, and the fixed end of the cutting head (1) points to the outside of the arc.

2. The method of reducing laser cutting overburn of claim 1, wherein: The cutting gas pressure when cutting the arc is 0.1 MPa lower than that when cutting the straight line.

Images